Hioki 3181-01 Instruction Manual
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Hioki 3181-01 Instruction Manual

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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
3181-01
DIGITAL POWER HiTESTER

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Summary of Contents for Hioki 3181-01

  • Page 1 INSTRUCTION MANUAL 3181-01 DIGITAL POWER HiTESTER...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Contents Introduction Inspection Safety Notes Notes on Use Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Features Chapter 2 Specifications Chapter 3 Principle of Operation 3.1 Power Measurement 3.2 Current and Voltage Measurement 3.3 Integrated Watt Value 3.4 Crest Factor Chapter 4 Names and Functions of Parts Chapter 5 Operation 5.1 Preparing for Measurement 5.2 Power, Current and Voltage Measurement...
  • Page 4 Chapter 7 Maintenance and Service 7.1 Battery Replacement 7.2 Fuse Replacement 7.3 Cleaning 7.4 Service...

  • Page 5: Inspection

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Introduction Thank you for purchasing this HIOKI "3181-01 DIGITAL POWER HiTESTER ." To get the maximum performance from the unit, please read this manual first, and keep this at hand. Inspection When the unit is delivered, check and make sure that it has not been damaged in transit.

  • Page 6: Safety Notes

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Safety Notes This Instruction Manual provides information and warnings essential for operating this equipment in a safe manner and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using this equipment, be sure to carefully read the following safety notes. Safety symbols In the manual, this mark indicates explanations which it is particularly important that the user read...

  • Page 7: Notes On Use

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Notes on Use In order to ensure safe operation and to obtain maximum performance from the unit, observe the cautions listed below. Always connect the voltage cable to the secondary DANGER side of a breaker. On the secondary side of a breaker, even if the lines are shorted the breaker can trip and prevent an accident.
  • Page 8 ･ The 3181-01 is not certified for commercial metering. ･ The 3181-01 uses a voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT), which do not transmit DC. It is therefore not possible to measure a signal (for example full-wave or half-wave rectified) which includes a DC component.

  • Page 9: Chapter 1 Introduction

    The integrator contains a timer allowing integration time to be set in ranges 1 to 99 minutes or 1 to 99 hours. With several output terminals, the 3181-01 can be linked to a data recorder or a printer, enabling easy recording of measurement data.

  • Page 10: Features

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 1.1 Features (1) Power, current, voltage and watthour measurements in a single unit (2) True rms reading of voltage and current values unaffected by distorted waveforms (3) Integrator timer can be set in ranges 1 to 99 minutes or 1 to 99 hours.

  • Page 11: Chapter 2 Specifications

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 2 Specifications (Power meter) 1999 digit LCD Display (Integrator) 999999 digit LCD Sampling rate (Power meter) Approx. 3 samples/s Measurement (Power meter) Single-phase active power functions AC current and AC voltage (rms reading) (Integrator) Watthour value Timer setting ranges (Integrator) 1 to 99 min/1 to 99 h Timer accuracy...
  • Page 12 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Rated current (Power meter) 15 Arms (continuous rating) (Power meter) Power, current: 2 max at maximum Crest factor display or 30 A peak (lower value) Voltage: 500 V peak value max Output terminals (Power meter) 2 VDC/f.s. 2 VDC output for 200 V input in voltage function only.

  • Page 13: Chapter 3 Principle Of Operation

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 3 Principle of Operation 3.1 Power Measurement Figure 3.1-1 and 2 show the block diagram. The line voltage and current of the device under measurement are detected by a voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT), respectively. The resulting detected signals are voltage-level converted and input to a multiplier. Since the DC component of the output of this multiplier is proportional to the active power, after the...
  • Page 14 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― To VF converter Power output Low-pass Auto-zero filter Current output Multiplier Voltage output Absolute 3-1/2 digit 3-1/2 digit conversion value Absolute value conversion Division 6-digit Decoder 6-digit converter counter driver 32.768 kHz 1 s pulse 1 min pulse 1 h pulse Clock Division Division...

  • Page 15: Current And Voltage Measurement

    Therefore, measurements on distorted or other- wise non-sinusoidal waveforms will result in errors. In the 3181-01, the true rms value is read by an absolute value detection circuit and a true rms value conversion circuit.

  • Page 16: Integrated Watt Value

    Ei = 2 [V](f.s.)×100 [W] /200 [W]= 1 [V] The time-unit switch on the 3181-01 front panel is also the integrator RANGE switch. If integration is performed at Wh:Lo (TIME:MIN) for one hour, the resulting integration value N is calculated thus: N = α...
  • Page 17 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― and the time setting dial on the 3181-01 Wh/TIME front panel are used to set the integration time in the range 1 to 99 minutes or 1 to 99 h. Once the desired time is set, pressing the switch resets the internal START circuits and integration begins.

  • Page 18: Crest Factor

    Single-phase same as for voltage and current active power For example, using the 3181-01 to measure AC current in the Lo range, since the maximum display value is 2 A, the largest allowable peak value on the input being measured can be calculated as follows.

  • Page 19: Chapter 4 Names And Functions Of Parts

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 4 Names and Functions of Parts Front Panel Rear Panel ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 4 Names and Functions of Parts...
  • Page 20 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― POWER switch Allow approximately five minutes of warm-up before performing measurements. POWER METER display This 3 1/2 digit LCD display has a maximum display value of 1999. The function switches are selected to enable it to indicate measured voltage, current and power values.
  • Page 21 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― The maximum display values for voltage measurements are independent of switch settings and are ACV: RANGE "1999" V (0 to 250 V) START switch Immediately the switch is pressed the watthour START value accumulated up to that time is cleared and integration begins anew from 000000.
  • Page 22 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― TIME SET dial This dial is used with the to set the integration Wh/TIME time interval. For example, if the is set at HOUR and the time Wh/TIME setting dial is set to 24, integration is performed continuously for 24 hours after the integrator START switch is pressed and then automatically stops.
  • Page 23 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Output terminals [OUTPUT] To avoid damage to the unit, do not short the output CAUTION terminal and do not input voltage to the output terminal. These output terminals output DC voltages proportional to the measured values of current and power (2 VDC/f.s.). The voltage output (Ch1) is 2 VDC for 200 VAC.
  • Page 24 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Fuse holder The 3181-01 requires a fuse with ratings of 250 V and 3 A. The 3181-01 power cord must be removed from the socket before replacing the fuse. (Refer to Section 7.2, "Fuse Replacement.") Voltage selector This is used to select the line voltage for the 3181-01. ...
  • Page 25 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Handle The handle can be used as a stand to incline the CAUTION instrument. Force should not be applied to the instrument from above when using it in this manner. As shown in the figure below, the handle may be rotated by sliding the grip at the sides of the handle in the direction of the SLIDE TO ROTATE arrow.
  • Page 26 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 4 Names and Functions of Parts...

  • Page 27: Chapter 5 Operation

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 5 Operation 5.1 Preparing for Measurement The power supply voltage for this unit is switchable. WARNING To avoid electrical accidents, check that the voltage selector is set correctly for the supply voltage you are using. In order to prevent an electrical accident, do not make any connections while the power supply or the device to be measured is on.
  • Page 28 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― (1) First make sure that the voltage selector switch agrees with the line voltage before measuring. (2) Connect the power lines and the equipment to be measured to the measurement terminal strip as shown in Figure 5.1-1 or 5.1-2 (either way).  When measuring only voltage or current, refer to Figure 5.1-3 or 5.1-4.
  • Page 29 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― LOAD SOURCE Figure 5.1-2 Power, Current and Voltage Measurement LOAD SOURCE Figure 5.1-3 Voltage Measurement Only ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 5 Operation...

  • Page 30: Power, Current And Voltage Measurement

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― SOURCE LOAD (Equipment to be measured) Figure 5.1-4 Current Measurement Only 5.2 Power, Current and Voltage Measurement Once all preliminaries have been completed, power, current, and voltage are measured simply by setting the function switches. If the display scale exceeds in the Lo range when power and current are being measured, switch the range to Hi.

  • Page 31: Integrated Watt Value Measurement

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 5.3 Integrated Watt Value Measurement (1) Set the function switch to power measurement and check that the power consumption of the equipment to be measured does not exceed the power display scaly. Then the integrated watt value measurement can be measured with the function switch set to WATT, ACA, or ACV.
  • Page 32 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― (5) To check the integration value, press the HOLD/RUN switch. This stops the display and displays INTEGRATOR the integrated watt value accumulated up to that point. (Refer to Figure 5.3-2.) (6) To continue integration press the switch again. HOLD/RUN Integration continues under the conditions established when the switch was pressed once the hold...
  • Page 33 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Power display (count) Time T to overflow time Figure 5.3-4 Time Elapsed to Scale Overflow For MIN/Lo: T = 10,000/power display For HOUR/Hi: T = 1,000,000/power display ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 5 Operation...
  • Page 34 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 5 Operation...

  • Page 35: Chapter 6 Applications

    To avoid damage to the unit, do not short the output CAUTION terminal and do not input voltage to the output terminal. The 3181-01 has three analog output terminals on the rear panel. They are for voltage, current, and power which are always active simultaneously. These can be connected to the input terminals of a recorder.

  • Page 36: Printer Connection

    ･ If the 3181-01 is connected to an old version of the 3171 (i.e., one produced before June, 1982), the units that can be printed are those on the 3171 function switches: kWh, kVar or kVarh.
  • Page 37 Prints in normal time intervals. The 3181-01 START switch ON. Under external control The 3181-01 external control terminal is opened ... prints EXT.STOP, the integrated watt value and the time elapsed in seconds. The 3181-01 external control terminal is closed ...

  • Page 38: External Control Terminal

    To avoid malfunction, use a shielded wire or a twisted NOTE pair, which should be as short as possible, to the external control terminal. The 3181-01 has an external control terminal for external control of the integrated watt value measurement time. EXT. CONTROL Switch EXT.

  • Page 39: Data Output Connector

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 6.5 Data Output Connector (Integrated watt value only) The signal levels and timing of the outputs from the data output connector are as follows. Pin No. Name Function 1 Minute pulse Reset Output when the START switch is pressed or when the external control terminal is closed.
  • Page 40 CK81 Check the 3181-01. The 3171 identification signal, directly coupled to the 3181-01 CMOS logic power line ( ＋ 5 V). Decimal Point 3 to 5 Indicate the INTEGRATOR display decimal point position, outputs Hi level (5 V) signal when display is turned on.
  • Page 41 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 60 μs 20 s 40 s 0.5 s 0.5 s Hold Hold Hold cleared Open(5 V) External control Closed(0 V) 70 μs 60 μs 2.8 ms DC voltage (2 V/f.s.) proportional T=36/V (ms), V: to the measured power value. 90 μs 80 μs 720 μs...

  • Page 42: Inputs Exceeding The Measurement Range

    If the voltage or current level of the equipment under measurement exceeds the measurement range of the 3181-01, measurement should be performed after stepping these down using a voltage transformer (PT) and/or current transformer (CT). Refer to figure below for the proper method of connection.

  • Page 43: Three-Phase Three-Wire Connection

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 6.7 Three-Phase Three-Wire Connection Two 3181-01 units may be used to calculate the algebraic sum of measured values, enabling the determination of three-phase power. A voltage or current transformer can be used if measurement ranges are exceeded (Refer to figures below).
  • Page 44 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 6 Applications...

  • Page 45: Chapter 7 Maintenance And Service

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 7 Maintenance and Service 7.1 Battery Replacement To avoid electric shock when replacing the WARNING batteries, first disconnect leads from the object to be measured. Also, after replacing the batteries always replace the cover before using the unit. When replacing the batteries, do not install old batteries with new ones, and do not mix different types of batteries.
  • Page 46 ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― (1) Remove the battery box cover. (2) Remove the battery snap. (3) Slide out the battery box and replace the batteries. (4) Slide the battery box back in and replace the battery snap and battery box cover. ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― Chapter 7 Maintenance and Service...

  • Page 47: Fuse Replacement

    ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 7.2 Fuse Replacement To avoid electric shock when replacing the fuse, WARNING turn the power switch off and disconnect the power code from the connector and remove the object to be measured. Only use fuses of the specified type that is rated for the specified current and voltage.

  • Page 48: Cleaning

    If the unit is not functioning properly, check the batteries CAUTION and fuse blowing. If a problem is found, contact your dealer or HIOKI representative. Pack the unit carefully so that it will not be damaged during transport, and write a detailed description of the problem. HIOKI cannot bear any responsibility for damage that occurs during shipment.

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