Troxler 3440-L Manual Of Operation And Instruction
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Troxler 3440-L Manual Of Operation And Instruction

Surface moisture-density gauge
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Manual of Operation and Instruction
Model 3440-L
Surface Moisture-Density Gauge
Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.
3008 Cornwallis Rd. • P.O. Box 12057
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone: 1.877.TROXLER
Outside the USA: +1.919.549.8661
Fax: +1.919.549.0761
www.troxlerlabs.com

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  • Page 1 Manual of Operation and Instruction Model 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. 3008 Cornwallis Rd. • P.O. Box 12057 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Phone: 1.877.TROXLER Outside the USA: +1.919.549.8661 Fax: +1.919.549.0761 www.troxlerlabs.com...
  • Page 2 Troxler products are protected by U.S. and foreign patents. Copyright © 2007 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems, for any purpose without the express written permission of Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.
  • Page 3 D.82239 Alling nr. Munich, Germany Phone: ++49.8141.71063 Southwestern Branch Office Fax: ++49.8141.80731 2016 East Randol Mill Road E-mail: troxler@t-online.de Suite 406 Arlington, TX 76011 Fax: 817.275.8562 NOTE To locate an independent, Troxler-authorized service center near you, call 1.877.TROXLER (1.877.876.9537). Model 3440-L...
  • Page 4 Units intended for use in countries that are members of the European Community are shipped with a CE approved AC adapter, Troxler bin number 108354. Gauge cover is to be removed by trained service personnel only. No user-serviceable components inside. Note: Components behind cover can have voltage potentials in excess of 50 volts during normal operation of the gauge.
  • Page 5 Dated 16th January 1997 Troxler Document Number 108205 Manufacturer: Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. P.O. Box 12057 3008 Cornwallis Road Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 Apparatus: Model 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge Year of Declaration: 1997 (Original) 2006 (Corrected) Model 3440-L...
  • Page 6 NOTES...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE MODEL 3440-L Introduction....................1–2 Gauge and Accessories ................1–4 Control Panel Keypad ................1–6 CHAPTER 2. GETTING STARTED Turning the Gauge On................2–2 Basic Parameter Setup................2–4 Taking the Standard Count..............2–13 CHAPTER 3. MEASUREMENT SITE PREPARATION Soil and Base Course Preparation ............3–2 Asphalt Surface Preparation..............3–4...
  • Page 8 Radiation Terminology ................B–5 APPENDIX C. RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY Radiation Types ..................C–2 Radiation Exposure ................. C–3 Monitoring Radiation................C–4 3440-L Radiation Profile ................ C–4 Source Encapsulation................C–6 Emergency Procedures................C–6 APPENDIX D. LICENSING REQUIREMENTS Specific License ..................D–2 Radiation Safety Program ...............D–2 Personnel Monitoring................D–2...
  • Page 9 APPENDIX F. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE Batteries ....................F–2 Mechanical Maintenance................. F–4 Electronic Maintenance................F–9 Replacement Parts................. F–16 Returning a Gauge for Service .............. F–27 APPENDIX G. 3440-L SPECIFICATIONS Measurement Specifications ..............G–2 Calibration Specifications ...............G–3 Radiological Specifications..............G–3 Memory Specifications ................G–3 Electrical Specifications................G–4 Mechanical Specifications...............G–5...
  • Page 10 1–1 3440-L Gauge and Standard Accessories......1–5 1–2 3440-L Keypad Layout ............1–7 2–1 3440-L Gauge Showing Rod Positions ....... 2–14 2–2 Gauge Position on Reference Standard Block..... 2–15 3–1 Drill Rod and Extraction Tool with Scraper Plate....3–2 3–2 Marking the Test Area ............
  • Page 11 Page F–1 Retaining and Scraper Rings ..........F–5 F–2 3440-L Baseboard Assembly ..........F–9 F–3 3440-L Gauge Assembly (Sheet 1 of 2) ......F–16 F–4 3440-L Base Mechanical Assembly ........F–20 F–5 3440-L Source Rod Handle Assembly ........ F–20 F–6 3440-L Preamplifier Assembly ...........
  • Page 12 Radiation Dose Equivalent Rates in Millirems per Hours ..C–5 F–1 3440-L Gauge Assembly Parts..........F–18 F–2 3440-L Base Mechanical Assembly Parts......F–21 F–3 3440-L Source Rod Handle Assembly Parts ....... F–21 F–4 3440-L Preamplifier Assembly Parts ........F–23 F–5 3440-L Front Panel Assembly Parts........F–25...
  • Page 13 Chapter 7. The ACCESS CODE for this gauge is: 4688 (Denmark only 2037) This page should be removed if the access code is not to be distributed to other parties or users of this gauge. Model 3440-L xiii...
  • Page 14 NOTES...

  • Page 15: Chapter 1. Introduction To The Model 3440-L

    INTRODUCTION TO THE MODEL 3440-L This chapter will familiarize the operator with the features and capabilities of the Troxler Model 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. A brief introduction to the system, as well as illustrations of the important components of the system, are included. Taking time to review this chapter before beginning operation of the system will help the operator to gain a more complete understanding of system operations.

  • Page 16: Introduction

    The latest engineering, design, and manufacturing techniques have been incorporated into the 3440-L gauge, as well as over thirty years of experience in the nuclear gauge industry. The versatile 3440-L gauge uses two modes of operation (backscatter and direct transmission) and can store over 450 readings.
  • Page 17 The responsibility for compliance ultimately falls upon the owner. NOTE Any licensing issues discussed in this manual are for the United States. International communities should follow local regulations regarding products utilizing radioactive materials. Model 3440-L 1–3...

  • Page 18: Gauge And Accessories

    GAUGE AND ACCESSORIES The Troxler 3440-L gauge provides a fast, accurate, and inexpensive way to find the moisture content and density of construction type materials. Take a moment to become familiar with the features and controls of the 3440-L, its components, operating principles, safeguards and cautions. Use Figure 1–1 and the list below to identify the gauge and standard...
  • Page 19 GAUGE TRANSPORT CASE SCRAPER PLATE/ DRILL ROD GUIDE REFERENCE BLOCK AC CHARGER DRILL DC ADAPTER GAUGE CERTIFICATE & WARRANTY EXTRACTION TOOL OPERATOR'S MANUAL W/ QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Figure 1–1. 3440-L Gauge and Standard Accessories Model 3440-L 1–5...

  • Page 20: Control Panel Keypad

    CONTROL PANEL KEYPAD The 3440-L gauge control panel consists of two sections: the 20-key control keypad (Figure 1–2) and the 〈ON〉 and 〈OFF〉 keys. Keystrokes result in an immediate “beep” from the gauge. If the beep is not heard, the operation is not completed.
  • Page 21 STATUS MODE SPECIAL NO/CE EXIT C/CE PROJECT PRINT ERASE STORE OFFSET COUNTS DEPTH CALC. PROCTOR/ TIME MARSHALL − RECALL START/ SHIFT STANDARD ENTER × ÷ Figure 1–2. 3440-L Keypad Layout Model 3440-L 1–7...
  • Page 22 Table 1–1. 3440-L Keypad Functions KEYS DESCRIPTION PAGE Answers display prompts. EXIT Permits exit from the calculator mode. NO/CE Answers display prompts/Clear last entry. C/CE Clears calculator entry. (SHIFT function) Displays status of gauge functions. STATUS 5–16 Number key. (SHIFT function) Asphalt or Soils selection.
  • Page 23 CHAPTER 2 GETTING STARTED This chapter explains how to get started with the Series 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. Functions explained include turning the gauge on, basic parameter setup and taking a standard count. NOTE It is recommended that this chapter be read and fully understood before operating the gauge for the first time.

  • Page 24: Turning The Gauge On

    TURNING THE GAUGE ON The gauge uses rechargeable NiCad batteries (included) as a power source. To turn the gauge on, press 〈ON〉. When first turned on, the display screen fills with test characters before proceeding to the self-test phase. After two seconds, the gauge enters a 300-second self-test phase. During the self-test, the gauge displays the gauge model number, software version, serial number, company name, and progress (in seconds) of the test.
  • Page 25 A reading of about 1 mrem or less indicates that either the survey instrument is not working or the cesium-137 (Cs-137) source may be missing. Refer to the Troubleshooting information in Appendix F for further instructions. Model 3440-L 2–3...

  • Page 26: Basic Parameter Setup

    BASIC PARAMETER SETUP SETTING MEASUREMENT UNITS Before taking measurements, the operator should determine the unit of measurement that is required for screen displays and/or printouts. The available selections are Metric and PCF. To execute the Set Units function, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉 for: SPECIAL FUNCTION YES- Next menu 1- STAT TEST...

  • Page 27: Count Time Selection

    COUNT TIME SELECTION The 3440-L gauge provides three different count times to be used for taking readings. The longest count time, four minutes, will usually provide the highest accuracy. If a quick reading is required, one of the shorter periods may be selected.

  • Page 28: Mode Selection

    MODE SELECTION The Mode function provides for the selection of Soil or Asphalt mode. Under Asphalt mode, the sub-mode selection of % Marshall or % Voids may be enabled. Also, while in Asphalt mode, the % Voidless density selection may be enabled.
  • Page 29 100 – %MA = 100 [1 – (WD/Marshall)] To enable % Voids, press 〈YES〉. × %VOIDS = 100 [1 – (WD/Voidless)] After a short delay, the display returns to READY. Chapter 4 provides instructions for taking measurements in Asphalt mode. Model 3440-L 2–7...

  • Page 30: Selecting A Project Number

    SELECTING A PROJECT NUMBER The Project function allows unique alphanumeric project numbers to be input into gauge memory. All subsequent readings for a project are stored under its project number. NOTE Only one project number can be current in the gauge at any one time.
  • Page 31 〈START/ENTER〉 to activate the project number and exit. View Old Project Data To view data for an old project, from the first display on the previous page, press 〈NO/CE〉 to display: Do you want to view and/or erase a Project? Model 3440-L 2–9...
  • Page 32 Press 〈YES〉 to display: PROJECT NUMBER 1 - View 2 - Erase 3 - Next Press 〈3〉 (if required) until the desired project number is displayed, then press 〈1〉 to display: PROJECT NUMBER mm/dd/yyyy (Press SHIFT) Press 〈SHIFT〉 to view the data for the displayed project number. Erase Old Project Number To erase an old project number, from the first display under the View Old Project Data section on the previous page, press 〈NO/CE〉...

  • Page 33: Setting The Clock/Calendar

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...
  • Page 34 Input the new date and press 〈START/ENTER〉. NOTE Leading zeros must be entered for any single-digit day or month. For example, the date April 8, 2007 must be entered as 〈0〉〈4〉〈0〉〈8〉〈2〉〈0〉〈0〉〈7〉. After pressing 〈START/ENTER〉, the display will be: Current Time: hh/mm AM Do you want to change Time?

  • Page 35: Taking The Standard Count

    TAKING THE STANDARD COUNT The front of the 3440-L gauge is closest to you when the gauge is placed with the source rod to the left and the control panel to the right, as shown in Figure 2–1. The handle contains the indexer trigger mechanism, used to position the source rod on the notched index rod.
  • Page 36 POSITIONS 300 mm (12 in) Figure 2–1. 3440-L Gauge Showing Rod Positions Place the gauge on the reference standard block as shown in Figure 2–2, making sure the block top and gauge base are clean and smooth, with no soil or other material to prevent good surface-to-surface contact. The gauge must be positioned between the raised edges of the block and with the right side of the gauge firmly seated against the metal butt plate on the block.
  • Page 37 Figure 2–2. Gauge Position on Reference Standard Block To begin taking a standard count, press 〈STANDARD〉 for the display: -Standard Count- DS= xxxx MS= xxxx Take new count? Press 〈YES〉 for the display: Is gauge on Std. Block & Source rod in SAFE pos? Model 3440-L 2–15...
  • Page 38 Make sure the gauge is on the reference standard block as shown in Figure 2–2. Ensure that the source rod in the SAFE position and press 〈YES〉 to begin taking the four-minute standard count. Taking Standard Count xxx seconds remaining After count completion, the display is: MS=xxxx xx.xx %P DS=xxxx xx.xx %P...

  • Page 39: Viewing The Last Four Standard Counts

    (Yes for Moist.) To view the moisture standard counts, press 〈YES〉. The display will be: Moist. Std Cts 1:xxxx 2: xxxx 3:xxxx 4: xxxx (Press any key) The View Standard Count function may be exited by pressing any key. Model 3440-L 2–17...
  • Page 40 NOTES 2–18...

  • Page 41: Chapter 3. Measurement Site Preparation

    CHAPTER 3 MEASUREMENT SITE PREPARATION This chapter covers the basic steps required to properly prepare a soil, base, or asphalt surface for measurement. CONTENTS Soil and Base Course Preparation ............3–2 Asphalt Surface Preparation..............3–4 Model 3440-L 3–1...

  • Page 42: Soil And Base Course Preparation

    SOIL AND BASE COURSE PREPARATION Surface conditions for the test are critical to gauge performance and test results. The scraper plate can be used to prepare surfaces that are not smooth. Any small valleys, holes, or voids in surfaces can be filled with sand or fine material from areas near the test site.
  • Page 43 Place the gauge on the surface prepared by the scraper plate so the source rod can enter the hole without disturbing any loose material around it. CAUTION DO NOT use the source rod of the Model 3440-L gauge to drill holes. Using the handle and trigger mechanism, lower the source rod into the hole.

  • Page 44: Asphalt Surface Preparation

    ASPHALT SURFACE PREPARATION Test site selection for asphalt surfaces is much the same as soils except that preparation differs slightly. Voids may be filled on coarse, open-graded mixes using soft sand or cement powder, taking care to fill only the voids and leaving the asphalt bare for surface contact with the gauge base.
  • Page 45 CHAPTER 4 TAKING A DENSITY/MOISTURE MEASUREMENT This chapter covers the basic steps required for taking and storing actual density and/or moisture measurements with the Series 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. CONTENTS Taking a Reading ..................4–2 Soil Mode..................4–2 Asphalt Mode..................4–3 Storing a Reading..................4–4 Storage –...

  • Page 46: Taking A Reading

    When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE position. For added operator safety, the source rod on the 3440-L gauge automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is picked up by the handle. If you do not hear a “click” when the source rod is raised to the SAFE position, look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed.
  • Page 47 The above display will remain until a function key is pressed, a new measurement is taken, the 〈NO/CE〉 key is pressed, or the gauge shuts off due to inactivity. The reading may be stored for later use by pressing the 〈STORE〉 key. Refer to page 4–4. Model 3440-L 4–3...

  • Page 48: Storing A Reading

    The 3440-L gauge allows the operator to store measurements under specific project numbers and station numbers for later recall. This function will work in soil mode as well as in asphalt mode. The 3440-L will provide for additional numeric data storage under the station number and project.
  • Page 49 If the Auto-Station function is disabled, the display will be: Station NUMBER? Press ENTER when completed. Press 〈START/ENTER〉 for: Station: xx Distance from center line? Enter the number of the station and press 〈START/ENTER〉. Left or right of center line? 1- LEFT 2- RIGHT Model 3440-L 4–5...
  • Page 50 Choose 〈1〉 or 〈2〉: Station: xx is stored. Do you want to store more info? If 〈YES〉: Station: 1--------------- Input and Press ENTER Repeat loop until additional data is complete. If 〈NO/CE〉: Station: xx Reading is stored. The READY screen is then displayed. STORAGE –...
  • Page 51 If 〈YES〉: Station: 1--------------- Input and Press ENTER Repeat loop until additional data is complete. If not, press 〈NO/CE〉. The READY screen is then displayed. Model 3440-L 4–7...
  • Page 52 NOTES 4–8...
  • Page 53 CHAPTER 5 3440-L OPERATIONS This chapter contains descriptions and instructions for functions and procedures used frequently by most gauge operators on a day-to-day basis. In many cases, these operations will be performed every time a measurement is taken. Therefore, this chapter should be reviewed and completely understood before taking measurements in the field.
  • Page 54 CONTENTS (Continued) Recall Function ..................5–22 Depth Function..................5–22 Manual Mode..................5–22 Automatic Mode ................5–23 Calculator Function................5–24 Addition ..................5–24 Subtraction ..................5–25 Division...................5–25 Multiplication..................5–25 Chain Calculations................5–25 Memory Storage Arithmetic ............5–25 5–2...

  • Page 55: Offsetting A Reading

    ♦ Is high in a hydrogen-rich material (such as gypsum, coal, or lime). The 3440-L gauge also requires an offset if measurements are to be taken inside a trench or close to a structure. The walls of the trench or structure may scatter the gamma photons and neutrons back to the gauge, resulting in inaccurate density or moisture readings.
  • Page 56 OFFSETS – WET DENSITY To enable a wet density offset, press 〈1〉 from the display on the previous page. The display will be: Density Offset DISABLED Do you want to ENABLE? Press 〈YES〉 to display: - Wet Density - Offset Want to change? To change the offset, press 〈YES〉...
  • Page 57 Moisture offsets (plus or minus) are sometimes needed when testing certain materials that contain high amounts of hydrogen-rich compounds, since the 3440-L measures moisture by determining the amount of hydrogen present in the material. Some hydrogen-rich materials are gypsum, coal, lime, fly ash, organic material, mica clays, and phosphates.
  • Page 58 Moisture Offset – Gauge Derived From the last display on the previous page, select 〈1〉 for the display: Select: 1- True M x.x 2-Gauge M x.x ENTER to enable For a true gauge-derived offset, two values must be input: the true moisture value, which is determined by laboratory analysis, and the gauge moisture, which is the gauge reading on the material to be tested.
  • Page 59 Moisture Offset ENABLED K=x.xx The offset will be enabled, but will not be saved after it is disabled or the gauge is turned off. The display will then return to READY. Model 3440-L 5–7...
  • Page 60 GAUGE MEASUREMENT. If the gauge is to be used to automatically record the moisture value, press 〈2〉 from the third screen on page 5–6. The display is: Place gauge on surface to test. Press START for (4) 1 min counts Place the gauge in the backscatter position ONLY at the location to be tested.
  • Page 61 5–5. The display will be: Enter desired Memory location of M-Offset: (1-4) Enter the appropriate value (1-4) and press 〈START/ENTER〉: Moisture Offset ENABLED K=x.xx The offset will be enabled and the display will return to READY. Model 3440-L 5–9...
  • Page 62 OFFSETS – TRENCH Vertical structures such as the walls of a building, trench, or ditch often “echo” gamma photons and neutrons back to the gauge. This “echoing” may adversely affect density and moisture measurements. Trench offsets compensate for the influence of vertical structures on measurements. Use a trench offset if taking a measurement inside a trench or within 2 ft (0.6 m) of a large vertical structure.
  • Page 63 Answer the inquiry by pressing either 〈YES〉 or 〈NO/CE〉. The gauge will enable/disable the offset and return to the READY display. Model 3440-L 5–11...

  • Page 64: Count Time Function

    COUNT TIME FUNCTION The 3440-L gauge provides three different count times to be used for taking measurements. The Count Time function is described on page 2–5. STORE FUNCTION The 3440-L gauge allows the operator to store measurements under specific project numbers and station numbers for later recall. The Store function is described on page 4–4.
  • Page 65 PROCTOR/MARSHALL/VOIDLESS FUNCTION The 3440-L gauge provides for up to four different Proctor values, four different Marshall values, and one Voidless density value to be stored for later use. These values are used to determine percent compactions. The percent compaction calculations for Soil and Asphalt modes are as follows: ÷...

  • Page 66: Recall A Stored Proctor/Marshall Value

    RECALL A STORED PROCTOR/MARSHALL VALUE To enable a previously stored value, press 〈1〉. The display is: Select desired Marshall: 1:x.x 2:x.x 3:x.x 4:x.x Select the desired Marshall value by pressing 〈1〉, 〈2〉, 〈3〉, or 〈4〉 for the display: Marshall: ENABLED! The screen reverts to the READY display.

  • Page 67: Voidless Density Value

    VOIDLESS DENSITY VALUE From the second display on the page 5–13, press 〈3〉 for the display: Voidless Density xxx.x Press ENTER when complete. Input the Voidless Density value and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The screen returns to the READY display. Model 3440-L 5–15...

  • Page 68: Status Function

    STATUS FUNCTION The Status function lets the operator check all gauge settings without executing the particular function. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈STATUS〉 for the display: -CONTROL STATUS- Press YES to view settings. (CE to exit) Press 〈YES〉 to display: UNITS: TIME: xxxx MODE: xxxx (Press YES) Press 〈YES〉...

  • Page 69: Mode Function

    2–6. PROJECT FUNCTION The Project function allows unique alphanumeric project numbers to be input into gauge memory. All subsequent readings for a project are stored under its project number. The Project function is described on page 2–8. Model 3440-L 5–17...

  • Page 70: Print Function

    This provides a permanent record of the data for use later. CAUTION To prevent damage to the 3440-L gauge, turn the gauge power off before connecting an interface cable. Turn gauge and device off. Connect serial interface cable to gauge. Then, turn both gauge and the serial device on.

  • Page 71: Printing A Single Project

    PROJECT NUMBER Press YES for next Project. ENTER to select Press 〈YES〉 to scroll through the project numbers. Press 〈START/ENTER〉 to print the project desired project. DOWNLOADING DATA PROJECT NUMBER Press and hold any key to abort Model 3440-L 5–19...
  • Page 72 Soils Mode Asphalt Mode ********************************* ********************************* PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NUMBER: 2 SN: 59441 DATE: 3/16/2000 SN: 59441 DATE: 3/16/2000 ********************************* ********************************* STA # 1 2:30 PM 3/16/2000 STA # 1 2:34 PM 3/16/2000 DEPTH: 4 inches DEPTH: Backscatter TIME: 15 seconds UNITS: PCF ft left of centerline Std Cnts: D 3445 M 26...

  • Page 73: Erase Function

    Moist ct. = xxxx SHIFT/RECALL to see Readings. The moisture and density counts from the last reading will be displayed. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈RECALL〉 to view the individual readings. (Refer to the following pages for a more detailed description.) Model 3440-L 5–21...

  • Page 74: Recall Function

    RECALL FUNCTION The Recall function allows the operator to review the last density and moisture readings. To execute the Recall function, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈RECALL〉. If the gauge is in Soil mode, the display will be: %PR=xxxxx % DD=xxxxx WD=xxxxx M=xxxxx %M=xxxxx If the gauge is in Asphalt mode, the display will be: %MA=xxxxx...

  • Page 75: Automatic Mode

    Position the source rod in the SAFE position and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The gauge calibrates the depth strip. It then indicates that the depth indicator is in the automatic mode as shown below, and returns to the READY display. Depth Indicator: AUTOMATIC Model 3440-L 5–23...

  • Page 76: Calculator Function

    CALCULATOR FUNCTION The 3440-L gauge can also be used as a four-function calculator. The calculator function keys are shown circled on the keypad in Figure 5–4. To execute the Calculator function, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈CALC.〉 for the display: - CALCULATOR -...

  • Page 77: Subtraction

    Calculator mode also includes the MS (memory storage) and MR (memory recall) functions. The MS function allows data to be stored in general memory for use with other calculations or data may be stored under a specific project and station number. Model 3440-L 5–25...
  • Page 78 To use a numerical value as a constant (for instance, pi = 3.14159) press the number keys and decimal in the proper order. When the displayed figure is 3.14159, press 〈MS〉. The display will be: Select Storage: 1- Calculator 2- Project Press 〈1〉...
  • Page 79 SPECIAL FUNCTIONS This chapter contains descriptions and operation instructions for the Special Functions of the Series 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. These functions are typically not used on a day-to-day basis. In many cases, these functions are used only one time for gauge configuration and remain unchanged.
  • Page 80 CONTENTS (Continued) Set Units....................6–24 Baud Rate....................6–25 Communication Protocol ...............6–26 Battery Monitor..................6–27 Battery Monitor................6–27 Battery Status..................6–29 Source Decay ..................6–30 Special Roadway..................6–31 6–2...

  • Page 81: Stat Test

    Ideally, the ratio should be 0.25, but acceptable limits are between 0.17 and 0.33. A definite instability exists if the ratio is outside these limits. Contact the nearest Troxler Service Center for additional instructions. To execute the stat test, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉 for the display:...
  • Page 82 If 〈NO/CE〉 is pressed from the Want to view...? screen on the previous page, the display is: Put gauge on Std Block, rod in SAFE position & press START For a stat test, place the reference standard block on a high-density surface (at least 100 pcf (1602 kg/m )) that is 5 ft (1.5 m) from a vertical surface.

  • Page 83: Viewing Stat Test Data

    DENS STAT TEST AVG cnts: x.xxx -ENTER for Moist To view the moisture data, press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display is: MOIST STAT TEST Avg cnts: x.xxx View Stat. data? Press 〈NO/CE〉 and the gauge will return to the READY display. Model 3440-L 6–5...

  • Page 84: Printing Stat Test Data

    PRINTING STAT TEST DATA From the Select method of viewing... screen on page 6–4, press 〈2〉 for the display: Connect Printer & press START After connecting the printer to the serial connector on the gauge, press 〈START/ENTER〉 for the following display. Figure 6–1 shows a sample stat test printout.

  • Page 85: Drift Test

    If the stat test has already been performed (and has passed), but gauge readings seem to be fluctuating from test to test, the Drift Test can be performed to check the long-term drift of the 3440-L. Pass and Fail limits are averages from the stat test and the difference in the drift test average.

  • Page 86: Viewing Drift Test Data

    Place the gauge on the reference standard block. Make sure the source rod is in the SAFE position and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be: - DRIFT TEST - Read #x Time:xxx After the gauge completes five 4-minute counts, the display will be: DENS DRIFT TEST Avg cnts: Drift: x.x...

  • Page 87: Recover Erase

    YES- Next menu 1- STAT TEST 2- DRIFT TEST Press 〈YES〉 one time for the display: YES- Next menu 3- RECOVER ERASE 4- KEYPAD DATA 5- AUTO STATION Press 〈3〉 for the display: All data is RECOVERED! Model 3440-L 6–9...

  • Page 88: Keypad Data

    KEYPAD DATA The Keypad Data function allows the operator to store numeric information under a particular station number. This numeric information may only be stored under the current project number and may be viewed or printed using the Project function. To execute the Keypad Data function, press 〈SHIFT〉...

  • Page 89: Auto-Station

    Input and Press ENTER Input any sequence of numeric digits and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The gauge will return to the READY display. NOTE Whenever a new project number is entered into the gauge, the Auto-Station function is automatically disabled. Model 3440-L 6–11...

  • Page 90: Special Calibration

    SPECIAL CALIBRATION The Special Calibration function allows the operator to re-calibrate the gauge constants temporarily for use in measuring particular materials. These materials may be limestone or other materials that do not fall within the range of a normal calibration. Once enabled, the Special Calibration will remain in effect until the gauge is turned off or Normal calibration is re-enabled.

  • Page 91: Disable A Special Calibration

    CALIB. menu. The display will be: Input rod depth: (Enter 0 for BS) xxinches (Press ENTER) Press 〈START/ENTER〉 after input of the rod depth. The display is: SPECIAL CALIB. Depth: x inches Time: x min. Press START Model 3440-L 6–13...
  • Page 92 Press 〈START/ENTER〉 to begin taking the measurement. The display will be: SPECIAL CALIB. Depth: x inches Time:xxx secs. After counting down to zero, the display will be: Dens ct.=xxxx Moist ct.=xxxx To input sample dens Press ENTER Press 〈START/ENTER〉 to input the sample area wet density obtained from the alternative test method.

  • Page 93: Nomograph

    NOMOGRAPH In some cases, the 3440-L may be used to determine the density of thin asphalt overlays. This measurement may be performed with the gauge in backscatter mode and using the “Nomograph” method of density measurement. It should be noted that this method is not as accurate as a true thin-layer gauge.

  • Page 94: Enable Nomograph

    ENABLE NOMOGRAPH Press 〈1〉 from the display at the bottom of page 6–15 to enable the Nomograph function. The display will be: NOMOGRAPH The gauge will return to the READY display. DISABLE NOMOGRAPH To disable the Nomograph function, press 〈2〉 from the display at the bottom of page 6–15.
  • Page 95 1 - Keypad 2 - Measure Press 〈1〉 to enter data with the keypad. The display will be: Bottom density- Press ENTER when completed Enter the density of the bottom layer. The next display will be: NOMOGRAPH Model 3440-L 6–17...
  • Page 96 Bottom Density – Measurement Entry Bottom density values may be obtained by using the gauge to record an actual measurement. Follow the instructions from the Bottom Density – Keypad Entry description on the previous page until reaching the Select method of... display. Press 〈2〉...
  • Page 97 From the Select to set– display at the bottom of page 6–16, press 〈2〉. The display is: Core Density - Press ENTER when completed If the displayed density is correct, press 〈START/ENTER〉. If a change is required, input the new value and press 〈START/ENTER〉. Model 3440-L 6–19...
  • Page 98 The display will be: Average measured density- Want to change? If the displayed value is correct, press 〈NO/CE〉. Press 〈YES〉 if the value is to be changed. The display will be: Select method of Entering density 1 - Keypad 2 - Measure Press 〈1〉...
  • Page 99 When all the readings are completed, the display will be: Average of x Reading(s)- xxxxx Press ENTER Press 〈START/ENTER〉 to return to the READY display. Thin layer overlay measurements may be taken and stored at this time. Model 3440-L 6–21...

  • Page 100: Precision

    ) are possible under certain conditions. When given the desired degree of precision and a test measurement, the 3440-L automatically supplies this precision data to the operator. Assuming the precision requested is within range and the time required to calculate the required result does not exceed 60 minutes, the following procedure can usually produce the required results.
  • Page 101 If the required precision cannot be reached in 60 minutes, the following screen will be shown displayed. -WARNING-Time to reach precision too high! Press CE to exit The precision mode will remain enabled until the gauge is turned off for more than ten seconds. Model 3440-L 6–23...

  • Page 102: Set Units

    SET UNITS The 3440-L gauge allows the operator to select whether screen displays and printouts use measurement units of Metric or PCF. The Set Units function is described on page 2–4. 6–24...

  • Page 103: Baud Rate

    A speed of 300 baud would then be approximately 300 bps. Valid baud rates for the 3440-L gauge are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, and 4800. To execute the Baud Rate function, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉 for:...

  • Page 104: Communication Protocol

    COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL The Communication Protocol function allows the operator to select whether a Line Feed is transmitted with a Carriage Return when the gauge is communicating with a printer or other external device. Consult the owners manual of your particular device to determine if you need to send a line feed.

  • Page 105: Battery Monitor

    Press 〈1〉 〈2〉 for the display: - Battery - Select: 1-Batt. Monitor 2-Batt. Status BATTERY MONITOR To change the way the battery is monitored and displayed, press 〈1〉 for: Battery Monitor- 1-Batt. Life 2-Batt. Voltage 3-Elapsed Time Model 3440-L 6–27...
  • Page 106 Battery Monitor – Battery Life Press 〈1〉 to display battery life. The display will be: Battery Monitor- Batt. Life xx Do you want to change hours? If the battery hours remaining are correct, press 〈NO/CE〉. The gauge will return to the READY display. The remaining hours will be displayed. Press 〈YES〉...

  • Page 107: Battery Status

    Press 〈YES〉 to view the date when the gauge was last charged, how long the charge was and how many hours have elapsed since that charge. The display will be: Last charge: mm/dd - x.x hrs Hrs used: x (Press YES) Press 〈YES〉 and the gauge will return to READY. Model 3440-L 6–29...

  • Page 108: Source Decay

    SOURCE DECAY The Source Decay function calculates a theoretical set of standard counts. The radiation intensity of the source decreases by 2.3% per year. To compensate, the last calibration standard counts are “corrected” mathematically. The correction formula uses daily increments to compensate the calibration standard count.

  • Page 109: Special Roadway

    In the Soil mode, the gauge can prompt the operator for: ♦ Test type (soils or stone) ♦ Further test type (embankments, pipe backfill, subgrade, abutment backfill, retaining wall, or rockfill) ♦ If backfill, then pipe size ♦ If soil, then density required Model 3440-L 6–31...
  • Page 110 NOTES 6–32...
  • Page 111 CHAPTER 7 EXTENDED FUNCTIONS This chapter contains descriptions and operational instructions for the Extended Functions of the Series 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. These functions require the use of an Access Code and are to be executed by authorized personnel only.

  • Page 112: Time/Date

    TIME/DATE The Time/Date function allows the operator to change the current time-of- day or date that is displayed on the screen and used for measurement reports. This function is described on page 2–11. 7–2...

  • Page 113: Customer Name

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 114: Serial Number

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 115: Calibration Date

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 116: Calibration Constants

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...
  • Page 117 “A”, “B*1000” and “C” constants from the calibration sheet. Repeat this procedure for every depth shown on the calibration sheet. When all constants have been entered, the display will return to the Extended Functions menu. Model 3440-L 7–7...

  • Page 118: Rod Length

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 119: Erase Standard Counts

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 120: Memory Clear

    MEMORY CLEAR The Memory Clear function is to be used by qualified service personnel only! CAUTION Executing the Memory Clear function will erase critical information that is necessary for gauge operation! BURN-IN The Burn-In function is to be used by qualified service personnel only! 7–10...

  • Page 121: Calibration Standard

    Enter Code ---- and Press ENTER The Access Code must be entered. This code is for authorized personnel only. If you need assistance with the code, contact your nearest Troxler Representative. Enter the code and press 〈START/ENTER〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 122: Remote Control

    REMOTE CONTROL The Remote Control function is to be used by qualified service personnel only! 7–12...
  • Page 123 APPENDIX A THEORY OF OPERATION This appendix contains brief explanations of the principle of operation of the 3440-L gauge. Backscatter mode and direct transmission mode are explained, as well as the theoretical differences between the density and moisture measurement technique.
  • Page 124 DENSITY The Troxler Model 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge uses two modes of operation: direct transmission mode (with the source rod extended) and backscatter mode (with the source rod placed in the first notch below the SAFE position). In direct transmission mode (Figure A–1), the rod containing the cesium-137 source is lowered to the desired depth, resulting in gamma radiation emission.
  • Page 125 Figure A–2. Backscatter Geometry Model 3440-L A–3...
  • Page 126 A normalized curve showing the percentages of photons at the detectors for various depths is shown in Figure A–3. These curves can be used to compute the gauge response to layered materials of different densities. As an example, for a 20-mm thick material with a density of 2000 kg/m overlaying a material with a density of 2150 kg/m , the gauge measurement will indicate a density of 2089 kg/m...
  • Page 127 Other elements require a greater number of collisions for thermalization (Table A–1). Due to their high sensitivity, the He-3 detectors in the 3440-L gauge are very suitable for detection of thermalized neutrons. The He-3 tube is insensitive to fast neutrons and the counts obtained are directly proportional to the hydrogen/moisture content of the material.
  • Page 128 Table A–1. Neutron Thermalization and Absorption Data Thermal Weight Fractions Collisions to Element Absorption of Earth’s Crust Thermalization Cross Section Hydrogen 0.0014 19.0 0.33 Boron 109.2 759.00 Carbon 120.6 0.0034 Nitrogen 139.5 1.90 Oxygen 0.466 158.5 0.002 Sodium 0.028 224.9 0.53 Magnesium 0.021...
  • Page 129 Depth = 11 - (0.17 X M) 32.3 pcf 20.8 pcf 5.95 pcf Depth (in) Depth = 280 - (0.27 X M) 521 kg/m 336 kg/m 96 kg/m Depth (mm) Figure A–4. Effect of Moisture on Depth of Measurement Model 3440-L A–7...
  • Page 130 NOTES A–8...
  • Page 131 APPENDIX B RADIATION THEORY This appendix is required reading for anyone who will operate the 3440-L nuclear system. This appendix covers radiation theory, along with a brief explanation of radiation statistics and radiation terminology. CONTENTS Atomic Structure ..................B–2 Radiation Theory..................B–3 Radiation Statistics..................B–4...
  • Page 132 ATOMIC STRUCTURE A more detailed discussion of radiological theory can be found in the Troxler Nuclear Gauge Safety Training Program manual, provided at the Troxler safety class. All materials consist of chemical elements that cannot decompose by ordinary chemical methods. Some examples are:...
  • Page 133 The Am-241:Be source in the Model 3440-L has a half-life of 432 years, while the half-life of the Cs-137 source is thirty years.
  • Page 134 RADIATION STATISTICS Radioactive emission is a random process. The number of emissions in a given time period is not constant but varies statistically about an average value. The variation in the number of emissions follows a Poisson distribution about the true mean value. In this distribution, the standard σ...
  • Page 135 0.01 Joules/kg in any medium. To account for the effect of various types of radiation on biological tissue, the roentgen equivalent man (rem) or, more appropriate for Troxler operators, the millirem (mrem) is used when measuring radiation dose. The unit rem is derived from scaling the radiation absorbed dose (rad) by a quality factor (QF).
  • Page 136 NOTES B–6...
  • Page 137 APPENDIX C RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY This appendix is required reading for anyone who will operate the 3440-L nuclear system. This appendix provides a brief discussion of general radiation safety. The exposure profile for the Model 3440-L gauge is also included, along with a discussion of the source encapsulation.

  • Page 138: Radiation Types

    RADIATION TYPES The radioactive sources in the Model 3440-L gauge produce four types of radiation: Alpha Particles Beta Particles Photons (Gamma Rays) Neutrons The alpha and beta particles are stopped by the source capsule. Only the photon and neutron radiation contributes to any occupational radiation exposure.

  • Page 139: Radiation Exposure

    Government agencies set occupational exposure limits. The current limit in the United States and in many other countries is 5,000 mrem per year. Under average conditions, a full time employee working with the 3440-L gauge will receive less than 200 mrem per year.

  • Page 140: Monitoring Radiation

    Control Board regulatory document R91 “Monitoring and Dose Recording for the Individual”. 3440-L RADIATION PROFILE Table C–1 shows the radiation profile for the 3440-L gauge. The table lists the radiation dose equivalent rates (in mrem/hour) for each side of the gauge and transport case shown in Figure C–2.
  • Page 141 Corporation Model NP-2 survey meter, calibrated July 2006. An asterisk (*) denotes a radiation measurement less than 0.05 millirems per hour. The notation “NA” indicates that the neutron dose rate could not be measured at this distance because of the detector dimensions. Model 3440-L C–5...

  • Page 142: Source Encapsulation

    SOURCE ENCAPSULATION The source in the 3440-L gauge meets regulatory requirements of U.S. and international authorities as “Special Form” sealed source material. The sealed sources used are encapsulated to prevent leakage of the radioactive material and meet radiation safety requirements.
  • Page 143 USDOT of accidents during transport. Take a picture of the gauge. Perform a leak test and send the leak test wipe to Troxler for analysis. The Troxler RSO will contact you and give you an RGA (returned goods authorization). Do not ship a damaged gauge to Troxler without an RGA.
  • Page 144 NOTES C–8...
  • Page 145 APPENDIX D LICENSING REQUIREMENTS This licensing requirements outlined in this appendix apply to all Troxler gauge operators in the United States. Operators of Troxler products outside the U.S. should contact the Troxler International, Ltd. representative in their area or the factory for more information on regulatory requirements.

  • Page 146: Specific License

    The transport case can be locked. A lock may be obtained from Troxler (Part Number 12176). The gauge is supplied with a lock to secure the source rod in the SAFE, shielded position.

  • Page 147: Training

    Radiation Safety Officers. This class provides radiological physics familiarization and instruction in the safety procedures required to operate a nuclear gauge. Operators outside the U.S. should contact their Troxler representative for training and assistance. LEAK TEST...

  • Page 148: Disposal

    Regulations require that very strict methods be followed when disposing of radioactive materials. For specific information concerning disposal costs and available disposal sites, please contact the factory or your local Troxler representative if outside of the United States. Generally, a Troxler gauge may be transferred to another authorized licensee or returned to our factory for final disposal.
  • Page 149 Type A package. Troxler has provided this document, entitled “Testing Results for Type A Package for the 3440-L...” with the 3440-L documentation. 9. Transportation – Bill of Lading. U.S. DOT regulations require properly prepared shipping documents when transporting a gauge (see Appendix E).
  • Page 150 Figure D–1. Sample Notice to Employees D–6...
  • Page 151 International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations. International customers should consult their local government or licensing authority for applicable regulations. CONTENTS U.S. Requirements .................. E–2 Accident Notification Requirements..........E–3 Hazmat Training ................E–3 Canadian Shipping Requirements ............E–4 Model 3440-L E–1...

  • Page 152: U.s. Requirements

    ♦ A copy of the current IAEA Certificate of Competent Authority for each source in the gauge (Special Form Certificate) must be kept on file. Current versions can be downloaded from the Troxler website, www.troxlerlabs.com. ♦ A copy of the results of the Type A package testing must be kept on file.

  • Page 153: Accident Notification Requirements

    The U.S. DOT regulations require every hazmat employer to train, test, certify, and maintain records for each hazmat employee. Hazmat training applies to anyone who transports or prepares for transport radioactive materials. Refresher training is required every three years. Model 3440-L E–3...

  • Page 154: Canadian Shipping Requirements

    CANADIAN SHIPPING REQUIREMENTS The Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations (TDG) and Transport Packaging of Radioactive Materials Regulations (TPRM) apply any time a nuclear device used in commerce is transported by any means in Canada. For training and accident notification requirements, consult the Transportation Of Dangerous Goods Regulations.
  • Page 155 This appendix contains important information for maintaining and servicing the 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. The following procedures should be performed to keep the 3440-L gauge in working order. In the event that a serious problem with the gauge arises, contact your nearest Troxler Service Center or Troxler representative for instructions.

  • Page 156: Batteries

    BATTERIES The 3440-L gauge constantly updates the battery condition. Depending on operator preference, the bottom line of the READY display shows either the hours remaining or the battery voltage. A fully charged battery will last approximately eight weeks under normal working conditions (eight-hour days) before recharging is necessary.

  • Page 157: Alkaline Battery Use

    Replace the top shell. Be careful not to over-tighten the screws. Also, be sure to tighten them evenly to prevent warping of the top shell. Reconnect the ribbon cable to the baseboard assembly and replace the front panel assembly. Model 3440-L F–3...

  • Page 158: Mechanical Maintenance

    Cs-137 source is surrounded by tungsten, reducing the radiation to safe levels. INSPECTING SOURCE ROD To ensure the integrity of the source rod, Troxler recommends that a qualified Troxler service person inspect the gauge and the source rod at least every five years. This inspection includes checking for wear, corrosion, or damage that could affect the safety of gauge operation.

  • Page 159: Scraper Ring/Tungsten Sliding Block Maintenance

    (Figure F–1). Carefully remove the scraper ring. Clean the entire plate of any debris. Install the new scraper ring and replace the retaining ring. Figure F–1. Retaining and Scraper Rings Model 3440-L F–5...
  • Page 160 5. Remove the sliding tungsten shield. To reduce exposure when removing the shield, Troxler recommends that the operator stand to the side of the gauge. With a steel brush or rag, remove as much dirt as possible from the cavity.

  • Page 161: Gaskets

    Lift up the base, remove the gasket in question, and replace with a new gasket. A light coating of talcum powder on the inside of the post gasket will aid in re-assembly. Model 3440-L F–7...

  • Page 162: 3440-L Gauge Top Shell

    3440-L GAUGE TOP SHELL Currently, the 3440-L gauge top shell is manufactured from an engineering thermoplastic designed specifically to provide high impact strength and to offer excellent compatibility with many industrial solvents and petro- chemicals. The top shell may be cleaned with mild (low alkaline) soap and water.

  • Page 163: Electronic Maintenance

    Service personnel only. See page F–27 for information on returning a gauge to Troxler. 3440-L BASEBOARD ASSEMBLY Figure F–2 shows the 3440-L baseboard assembly with any parts requiring general electronic maintenance labeled for the operator’s reference. Figure F–2. 3440-L Baseboard Assembly Model 3440-L F–9...

  • Page 164: Troubleshooting

    If any opening is visible, the sliding block should be cleaned. If the sliding block still does not close completely, contact the nearest Troxler Service Center. NO DENSITY READING The most likely reason for no density readings is an electronic problem, such as a failure of the detector preamplifier.
  • Page 165 Perform a statistical stability (stat) test. If test passes, proceed with job. If test fails, repeat two more times. If test fails two out of three times, contact Troxler Service. GAUGE MEASUREMENTS ARE UNSTABLE; TUBES TEST OKAY Possible High Voltage Module or baseboard malfunction.
  • Page 166 NON-FUNCTIONING DEPTH INDICATOR Possible CPU Board malfunction or defective indicating strip. Use manual override or recalibrate depth indicator. GAUGE INDICATES SHORT BATTERY LIFE AFTER RECHARGING NiCad batteries may be charged up to 100 full charge/discharge cycles. Batteries may be reaching end of life cycle-replace. Charger/adapter may not be supplying the full voltage to the batteries;...
  • Page 167 Refer to the Calibration Constants section on page 7–6 to determine if your calibration sheet is metric and, if not, for instructions on converting B and F values from metric to English units. If necessary, perform a statistical stability test, record the results and call Customer Service. Model 3440-L F–13...
  • Page 168 POSSIBLE MALFUNCTION INDICATORS CPU Board Display malfunctions Display test fails No keypad response Gauge does not turn Off RAM test fails Fuse blows repeatedly Batteries do not recharge Beeper stops (or is erratic) Battery Low indicator does not Gauge does not turn On when function correctly charger is connected.

  • Page 169: Error Messages

    ERROR MESSAGES When first turned on, the 3440-L gauge enters a Self-Test phase to check the internal systems for proper operation. If a fault is encountered during this internal systems check, an error message is displayed. The following error messages may be encountered in normal day-to-day operation.

  • Page 170: Replacement Parts

    REPLACEMENT PARTS Figure F–3. 3440-L Gauge Assembly (Sheet 1 of 2) F–16...
  • Page 171 Figure F–3. 3440-L Gauge Assembly (Sheet 2 of 2) Model 3440-L F–17...
  • Page 172 Table F–1. 3440-L Gauge Assembly Parts Match the reference number (Ref #) with the correct part in Figure F–3 on the two previous pages. Ref # Part Number Description Screw, 4-40 × 3/4 S.H.C. SS 000212.4201 Screw, #8 × 1/2 PH Phil SS Type B 000408.1431...
  • Page 173 Table F–1. 3440-L Gauge Assembly Parts (Continued) Ref # Part Number Description Match 3440-L Base Mechanics to Part Numbers Shown 105341.0801 3440 Base Mechanical Assembly 8-1 (For 104125.0801) 105341.0802 3440 Base Mechanical Assembly 8-2 (For 104125.0802) 105341.1201 3440 Base Mechanical Assembly 12-1 (For 104125.1201)
  • Page 174 Figure F–4. 3440-L Base Mechanical Assembly Figure F–5. 3440-L Source Rod Handle Assembly F–20...
  • Page 175 Baseplate Gasket 018127.0001 Loctite, 242 .001 105309 Spring Guide Table F–3. 3440-L Source Rod Handle Assembly Parts Match the reference number (Ref #) with the correct part in Figure F–5 on the opposite page. Ref # Part Number Description 104556...
  • Page 176 Figure F–6. 3440-L Preamplifier Assembly F–22...
  • Page 177 Table F–4. 3440-L Preamplifier Assembly Parts Match the reference number (Ref #) with the correct part in Figure F–6 on the opposite page. Ref # Part Number Description 107903 Assembly, Preamp Baseboard 107164 Assembly, High Voltage Board 000923.2442 Spacer, 4-40 x .75 M/F 018127.0001...
  • Page 178 Figure F–7. 3440-L Front Panel Assembly F–24...
  • Page 179 Table F–5. 3440-L Front Panel Assembly Parts Match the reference number (Ref #) with the correct part in Figure F–7 on the opposite page. Ref # Part Number Description 108331 Ground Plate, CPU PC Board 104184.1000 Cover Plate Assembly Screw, 4-40 × 1/4 PHMS Phil SS 000204.1400...

  • Page 180: Accessories

    Concrete Adapter 3400 4” w/Acc. 106875.0008 Concrete Adapter 3400 8” w/Acc. 106875.0010 Concrete Adapter 3400 10” w/Acc. 106875.0012 Concrete Adapter 3400 12” w/Acc. 103623.3440-L 3440 Shipping Case/Carton Assy 111001 3440-L Instruction Manual 104337 3440 Reference Card OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES Part Number...

  • Page 181: Returning A Gauge For Service

    Appendix E). Items returned for service must be accompanied by a Returned Good Authorization (RGA) number, and a description of the instrument and its problem. This information is used by Troxler shipping and service personnel to expedite the repair work.
  • Page 182 NOTES F–28...
  • Page 183 APPENDIX G 3440-L SPECIFICATIONS This appendix contains measurement and gauge specifications for the 3440-L gauge. CONTENTS Measurement Specifications ..............G–2 U.S. Customary Units ..............G–2 SI Units ....................G–2 Calibration Specifications ...............G–3 Radiological Specifications..............G–3 Memory Specifications ................G–3 Electrical Specifications................G–4 Mechanical Specifications...............G–5 Model 3440-L...

  • Page 184: Measurement Specifications

    MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS Direct Transmission, 6 inches 15 sec. 1 min. 4 min. Precision at 125 pcf ±0.42 pcf ±0.21 pcf ±0.11 pcf Composition error at 125 pcf ±1.25 pcf ±1.25 pcf ±1.25 pcf Surface error (0.05 in., 100% void) –1.06 pcf –1.06 pcf –1.06 pcf...

  • Page 185: Calibration Specifications

    0.56 GBq 10% (15 ± 10% mCi) Am-241:Be Source housing Stainless steel, encapsulation Shielding Tungsten, lead, and cadmium Surface dose rates See 3440-L Radiation Profile on page C–4 Source rod material Stainless steel Shipping case DOT 7A, Type A, Yellow II label, TI = 0.4 Certificates of Competent Cs-137 –...

  • Page 186: Electrical Specifications

    ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Time accuracy and stability ±0.005% ±0.0002%/°C Power supply stability ±0.01%°C Stored power 30 watt-hours Battery recharge time 16 hours, automatic cutoff Charge source 12-14 V dc, 500 mA minimum Liquid crystal display (LCD) readout 4 x 16 alphanumeric Power consumption (watts) average 0.16 Power consumption after automatic...

  • Page 187: Mechanical Specifications

    Gauge height (including handles) 12-in. rod – 23.25 in. (591 mm) or 8-in. rod – 19.25 in. (489 mm) Shipping case dimensions 29.35 x 13.88 x 16.85 in. (74.55 x 35.26 x 42.80 cm) Weight 29 lb (13.1 kg) Shipping weight 90 lb (40.8 kg) in shipping case Model 3440-L G–5...
  • Page 188 NOTES G–6...
  • Page 189 APPENDIX H LOG FORMS & COMPACTION TEST DATA CONTENTS Standard Count Log ................H–2 Nuclear Compaction Test Data ...............H–4 Model 3440-L H–1...
  • Page 190 STANDARD COUNT LOG Serial Number Date Moisture - MS Density - DS Date Moisture - MS Density - DS H–2...
  • Page 191 STANDARD COUNT LOG Serial Number Date Moisture - MS Density - DS Date Moisture - MS Density - DS Model 3440-L H–3...
  • Page 192 NUCLEAR COMPACTION TEST DATA PROJECT __________________ JOB NUMBER _______________ DATE ______________________ TAKEN BY __________________ TEST NUMBER STATION OFFSET ELEVATION MODE AND DEPTH DENSITY COUNT WET DENSITY MOISTURE COUNT MOISTURE DRY DENSITY % MOISTURE STANDARD DENSITY OPTIMUM MOISTURE % COMPACTION MOISTURE CORRECTION TEST NUMBER STATION OFFSET...
  • Page 193 APPENDIX I UNIT CONVERSION The 3440-L gauge can display measurement results in either SI (metric) units or English units. Also, HM-181 of 49 CFR changes the standard units of radioactivity in the United States from the English unit of curies (Ci) to the SI unit of becquerel (Bq).
  • Page 194 MEASUREMENT UNITS 1 in. = 25.4 mm 1 in. = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 30.48 cm 1 ft = 0.3 m 1 pcf = 16.02 kg/m –2 1 pcf = 1.6 x 10 g/cm RADIOLOGICAL UNITS 1 rem = 0.01 Sv 1 Ci = 37 GBq 1 mCi = 37 MBq 1 µCi = 37 kBq...
  • Page 195 Current versions of Microsoft® Windows® (Windows XP and later) include a HyperTerminal communications program that can be used to transfer project data from the Model 3440-L Surface Moisture-Density Gauge to a computer. This appendix provides instructions on using the HyperTerminal program to print (upload) data from the gauge.

  • Page 196: Windows Hyperterminal

    The Connection Description window is displayed. This window is used to set up a new connection. 3. In the Name box, enter a name (for example, Troxler Data) for the new connection. Select an icon to use for the connection, then click OK.

  • Page 197: Equipment Connection

    Troxler recommends using the default settings when first using the program. 4. On the 3440-L gauge, select the project data to be printed (downloaded) to the computer, and follow the instructions in Chapter 5 to print the data to the computer. The project data will be displayed in the Troxler Data –...

  • Page 198: Viewing Project Data

    VIEWING PROJECT DATA After project data has been printed (uploaded) to the computer, the .txt file can be viewed using Microsoft Notepad or a word processing program, such as Microsoft Word®. The data can also be imported into an Excel spreadsheet, which can then be used to manipulate and manage the data.
  • Page 199 Basic parameter setup ................2–4 Battery Alkaline....................F–3 Charger....................1–4 Monitor function ................6–27 Recharging ..................F–2 Baud Rate function................6–25 Becquerel ....................B–3 Beta particles...................C–2 Block, reference standard.............. 1–4, 2–13 Bottom density ..................6–15 Burn-In function..................7–10 Model 3440-L Index–1...
  • Page 200 Calculator Function .................... 5–24 Keys ....................1–6 Calibration Constants function................7–6 Date function..................7–5 Depth....................5–23 Special....................6–12 Specifications..................G–3 Standard function ................7–11 Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC)........E–4 Canadian shipping requirements ............. E–4 Case, transport..................1–4 Cautions and warnings ................iv Charger, battery..................
  • Page 201 Erratic readings ..................6–3 Error messages ..................F–15 Extended functions.................. 7–1 Extraction tool................. 1–4, 3–2 Federal regulations .................. 1–3 Gamma radiation................A–2, C–2 Gaskets ....................F–7 Gauge Operation..................... 5–1 Setup ....................2–4 Half-life....................B–3 Hazmat training..................E–3 He-3 detectors ..................A–5 HyperTerminal program................J–2 Model 3440-L Index–3...
  • Page 202 Incidents....................D–3 Index rod ....................2–13 Inspection Daily....................2–2 Source rod ................... F–4 International Air Transport Association (IATA)........E–1 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ........E–1 Keypad ....................1–6 Data function..................6–10 Leak test....................D–3 Licensing requirements ................D–1 Maintenance.................... F–1 Electronic .................... F–9 Gaskets....................
  • Page 203 OFF key....................1–6 Offset Density ....................5–4 Function ....................5–3 Moisture ....................5–5 Side wall.................... 5–10 Trench ....................5–10 Wet density ..................5–4 ON key ....................1–6 Operation Gauge ....................5–1 Theory ....................A–1 Optional accessories................F–26 Model 3440-L Index–5...
  • Page 204 Parts Replacement..................F–16 Personnel monitoring ................D–2 Photons................... A–2, C–2 Poisson distribution.................B–4 Precision function ................. 6–22 Print Function .................... 5–18 Print function ..................5–18 Proctor values..................5–13 Project Erase....................2–10 Function ....................2–8 View....................2–9 Proton......................B–2 Quality factor ..................B–5 Rad ......................B–5 Radiation Exposure .....................C–3 Gamma..................
  • Page 205 Maintenance ..................F–5 Soil Measurement ..................4–2 Mode ................... 2–6, 4–2 Site preparation ................... 3–2 Source Decay function .................. 6–30 Encapsulation ..................C–6 Rod....................2–13 Rod bearing maintenance ..............F–6 Rod inspection..................F–4 Rod length ................... 7–8 Rod positions..................2–14 Model 3440-L Index–7...
  • Page 206 Time Count....................2–5 Limiting radiation exposure ..............C–3 Time/Date function ................2–11 Training Hazmat ....................E–3 Troxler course ..................D–3 Transport case ..................1–4 Transport Packaging of Radioactive Materials Regulations (TPRM)..E–4 Transportation Canadian requirements................ E–4 U.S. requirements................E–2 Transportation and shipping..............E–1 Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations (TDG) ..
  • Page 207 Units Measurements ..................2–4 Metric ....................2–4 View project.................... 2–9 Voidless density value..............5–13, 5–15 Voids Asphalt ....................3–4 Soil or base..................3–2 Warnings and cautions ................iv Wet density offset ................... 5–4 YES key ....................1–6 Model 3440-L Index–9...
  • Page 208 NOTES Index–10...
  • Page 209 NOTES Model 3440-L Warranty–1...
  • Page 210 18 mos. from date of shipment. For gauges sold through authorized TROXLER representatives, the date of shipment will be as of the transfer from representative to purchaser. During the applicable warranty period, TROXLER’s obligation under this warranty shall be limited exclusively to the repair, F.O.B. TROXLER’s plant of any instrument which may prove defective under normal use and which TROXLER’s...

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