Troxler 4640-B Operation And Instruction Manual
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Troxler 4640-B Operation And Instruction Manual

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Manual of Operation and Instruction
Model 4640-B
Thin Layer
Density Gauge
Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.
P.O. Box 12057 • 3008 Cornwallis Road
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone: (919) 549-8661 • Fax: (919) 549-0761
www.troxlerlabs.com

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  • Page 1 Manual of Operation and Instruction Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. P.O. Box 12057 • 3008 Cornwallis Road Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Phone: (919) 549-8661 • Fax: (919) 549-0761 www.troxlerlabs.com...
  • Page 2 The Troxler 4640-B is protected by U.S. and foreign patents. Copyright  1989 – 2003 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including...
  • Page 3 TROXLER SERVICE CENTERS Troxler Corporate Headquarters Florida Service Center 3008 Cornwallis Road 2376 Forsyth Road P.O. Box 12057 Orlando, FL 32807 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Tel (407) 681-4221 Tel (919) 549-8661 Fax (407) 681-3188 Fax (919) 549-0761 E-mail: troxlerfl@troxlerlabs.com E-mail: troxserv@troxlerlabs.com...

  • Page 4: How To Use This Manual

    HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL Congratulations on the purchase of the Troxler Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. Take a few minutes to read this short overview before using the gauge to obtain a better idea of where to find gauge information quickly.
  • Page 5 Check marks indicate the performance of an action. With lists of check marks, follow the instructions in the order of the check marks. Triangles indicate that more than one option is available. Carefully select the option that applies. Model 4640-B...
  • Page 6 NOTES...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Erasing a Project ................4–6 CHAPTER 5. THE SHIFT FUNCTIONS Status..................... 5–2 Average..................5–3 Project ................... 5–4 Print ....................5–4 Erase ..................... 5–4 Special Calibration (SP. CAL.)............. 5–5 Offset .................... 5–8 Calculator (CALC.) ..............5–9 Recall ..................5–10 Model 4640-B...
  • Page 8 Source Decay ................6–13 Erase Standard Counts ..............6–14 APPENDIX A. RADIATION THEORY AND SAFETY Radiation Theory ................. A–2 Radiation Safety................A–5 APPENDIX B. 4640-B SPECIFICATIONS Measurement Specifications ............B–2 Radiological Specifications ............B–3 Electrical Specifications ...............B–4 Mechanical Specifications ............B–6 APPENDIX C. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE Troubleshooting................C–2...
  • Page 9 U.S. Shipping Forms..............D–6 Canadian Shipping Requirements..........D–11 APPENDIX E. UNIT CONVERSION Measurement Units ...............E–2 Radiological Units ................E–2 APPENDIX F. PRINTING (UPLOADING) PROJECT DATA Windows 95/98 Hyperterminal............. F–2 Windows 3.1 Terminal ..............F–5 Viewing Project Data..............F–7 INDEX Model 4640-B...
  • Page 10 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page 1–1 Model 4640-B Parts and Accessories......1–5 1–2 Model 4640-B Keypad ..........1–6 2–1 Gauge in Measurement Position on Thin Layer Material ..............2–2 3–1 Source Rod in SAFE Position ........3–8 3–2 Source Rod in Measurement Position ....... 3–8 3–3...
  • Page 11 For more information on using the access code, see Chapter 6. The ACCESS CODE for this gauge is: 5888 This page should be removed if the access code is not to be distributed to other parties or users of this gauge. Model 4640-B...
  • Page 12 NOTES...

  • Page 13: General Information

    CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION This chapter provides the user with a brief overview of the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge’s many features and capabilities. The user can also find information on storage site selection in this chapter. CONTENTS Introduction................... 1–2 Gauge Parts and Accessories ............

  • Page 14: Introduction

    Any licensing issues discussed in this manual are for the United States. To purchase a Model 4640-B in Canada, owners must obtain a radioisotope license from the Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB). The owner should obtain copies of the AECB Regulations and the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations.
  • Page 15 Troxler, an appointed Troxler representative or others designated within the user’s organization. Additional nuclear safety information is available by attending a Troxler Nuclear Gauge Training Course. As changes are made to local, state, and federal regulations on a continuing basis, the owner/operator must maintain awareness of current regulations.

  • Page 16: Gauge Parts And Accessories

    GAUGE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Figure 1–1 shows the Model 4640-B gauge and its accessories. Use this figure and the list below to identify the gauge and parts as they are unpacked. 1. The Gauge is the portable instrument containing all electronic modules, rechargeable battery packs, detectors, and the radioactive source.

  • Page 17: Model 4640-B Parts And Accessories

    Figure 1–1. Model 4640-B Parts and Accessories Model 4640-B 1–5...

  • Page 18: Keypad

    KEYPAD The 4640-B keypad consists of 22 keys, the 20 keys shown in Figure 1–2 and the 〈ON〉 and 〈OFF〉 keys. The gauge is equipped with a “beeper” to verify keystrokes were received by the gauge. If a “beep” is not heard, the keystroke did not register and should be repeated.
  • Page 19 Table 1–1. Model 4640-B Keypad Functions KEYS DESCRIPTION PAGE Answers display prompts 1–6 Exit Exit calculator mode NO/CE Answer or clear entry 1–6 CE/C Clears calculator entry STATUS Displays gauge status 5–2 AVERAGE Average readings 5–3 SPECIAL Special functions 6–1...

  • Page 20: Unpacking And Inspection

    If the shipping case, any other part of the container, and/or the gauge appears to be damaged, notify the carrier and your Troxler Representative immediately. For shipping to another location or back to the factory, save the box and any packing material.

  • Page 21: Storage Site Selection

    (indoors). ♦ The storage area should be marked with a radiation sign that reads “CAUTION RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS” (can be obtained from Troxler). ♦ The storage of a nuclear gauge in a motor vehicle is not recommended.
  • Page 22 NOTES 1–10...

  • Page 23: Theory Of Operation

    CHAPTER 2 THEORY OF OPERATION This chapter contains a brief description of the 4640-B theory of operation based on backscatter of gamma radiation. CONTENTS Theory of Operation ..............2–2 Model 4640-B 2–1...

  • Page 24: Gauge In Measurement Position On Thin Layer Material

    As the density increases, the number of photons scattered back to the detectors decreases. The 4640-B uses two sets (referred to as System 1 and System 2) of Geiger-Mueller (G-M) tubes for photon detection. When the source rod is in the “measure” position, the source and detectors are in the same horizontal plane.
  • Page 25 Photons reaching the G-M detectors in the 4640-B are counted for selected intervals of time (the number of photons counted is directly related to the density of the material). The gauge program uses the counts to determine the density of the material top layer and the results are automatically displayed on the screen.
  • Page 26 NOTES 2–4...
  • Page 27 CHAPTER 3 OPERATING THE GAUGE This chapter explains the basic operation of the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. Instructions for gauge parameter set-up, taking the daily standard count, and taking density measurements are included. CONTENTS Daily Inspection................3–2 Turning the Gauge On ..............3–3 Gauge Parameter Setup..............

  • Page 28: Daily Inspection

    DAILY INSPECTION The gauge should be inspected daily before use to ensure proper operation of all safety features as follows: Push the source rod down into the measurement position, and then raise it back to the safe (shielded) position. The source rod opening in the bottom of the gauge is equipped with a spring- loaded tungsten sliding block that shuts when the source rod is in the safe position.

  • Page 29: Turning The Gauge On

    The first line of the display alternates between the current time and date. The second line of the display indicates any gauge options that are enabled such as Average Mode. The third line indicates the enabled count time. The last line indicates the current battery voltage. Model 4640-B 3–3...

  • Page 30: Gauge Parameter Setup

    SELECTING UNITS The 4640-B allows measurement results to be displayed in either metric or U.S. units. To select the unit type, press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉. The display will be:...

  • Page 31: Setting The Count Time

    Press 〈1〉, 〈2〉, 〈3〉, or 〈4〉 to select the desired count time. The display will return to Ready mode. SETTING THE TIME AND DATE Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉. The display will be: SPECIAL FUNCTION YES- next menu 1- Surface Voids 2- Recover Erase Model 4640-B 3–5...

  • Page 32: Change Customer Name

    Press either 〈YES〉 three times then 〈START/ENTER〉, or press 〈10〉 for the display: SPECIAL FUNCTION Set Time/Date Enter code ---- and Press ENTER The Time/Date function is a restricted function and requires an access code for operation. This is to ensure that unauthorized personnel do not change the time and date.
  • Page 33 〈START/ENTER〉. The display is: A--------------- SHIFT- see chars YES- select ENTER- finished Scroll through the alphabet by pressing 〈SHIFT〉. To select the letter and move to the next position, press 〈YES〉. To complete the operation, press 〈START/ENTER〉. Model 4640-B 3–7...

  • Page 34: Source Rod Positions

    SOURCE ROD POSITIONS To position source rod in the SAFE position, pull the source rod handle to the upper position and ensure that the plunger is engaged in the index notch (see Figure 3–1). Figure 3–1. Source Rod in SAFE Position The gauge is in the measurement position when the source rod handle is all the way down (see Figure 3–2).

  • Page 35: Standard Count

    The 4640-B is equipped with two methods of testing the reference standard count. The first method compares the new standard count with the average of the last four standard counts. This method is the Multi-Standard Mode.

  • Page 36: Standard Count Position

    Figure 3–3. Standard Count Position Press 〈STD〉 for the display: -Standard Count- Take a new Standard Count? Press 〈YES〉. Place Gauge on Spacer & both on Block,Put Rod in SAFE,Press ENTER Check the gauge position. Press 〈START/ENTER〉 to start the count.

  • Page 37: Viewing Standard Counts

    〈START/ENTER〉, or press 〈12〉 for the display: System #1 counts 1=xxxx 2=xxxx 3=xxxx 4=xxxx YES for System 2 To view the counts for System #2, press 〈YES〉. System #2 counts 1=xxxx 2=xxxx 3=xxxx 4=xxxx YES to Exit Model 4640-B 3–11...

  • Page 38: Site Preparation/Gauge Positioning

    SITE PREPARATION/GAUGE POSITIONING The 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge is designed for use on asphalt surfaces and does not require a great deal of site preparation. NOTE Keep the gauge turned parallel to the direction of the paver and rollers (see Figure 3–4).

  • Page 39: Gauge Positioned Around A Core Site

    Keep gauge turned in the direction of the paver! Figure 3–4. Gauge Positioned Around a Core Site (After Core Has Been Removed) Figure 3–5. Gauge Positioned Over a Core Site (Before Removing Core) Model 4640-B 3–13...

  • Page 40: Taking A Measurement

    NOTE When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE position. For added operator safety, the source rod on the 4640-B gauge automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted by the handle. If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position, look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed.

  • Page 41: Marshall/Voidless Density Parameters

    Place the gauge over the test site. Release the gauge handle and push it down until the handle is resting on top of the stop pin. Press 〈START/ENTER〉: MA: xxxxx PCF Thick: xxx in. Avg: xx Time: xx secs. Model 4640-B 3–15...

  • Page 42: Viewing The Counts

    After the count time has elapsed, the display will be: Dens: x.x PCF %MA: x.xx% 100-%MA: xx.xx% %VOID: x.xx NOTE If Surface Voids mode has been enabled, the surface voids density value will be displayed. Refer to Chapter 6, page 6–2 for more information. VIEWING THE COUNTS To view the actual counts for detector systems 1 and 2, press 〈SHIFT〉...
  • Page 43 CONTENTS Creating a Project ................. 4–2 Create a New Project.............. 4–2 View/Erase Project..............4–2 Storing a Measurement ..............4–3 Printing Measurement Data ............4–4 Erasing a Project ................4–6 Model 4640-B 4–1...

  • Page 44: Creating A Project

    CREATING A PROJECT The Project function allows the user to create, retrieve, view, and/or erase projects. Data is stored in the 4640-B under a project number. If the user presses the 〈STORE〉 key after a reading is taken (see page 4–3), the reading will be stored in the gauge memory under the active project number.

  • Page 45: Storing A Measurement

    (press 〈1〉) or right (press 〈2〉) of the centerline. Additional information such as grid coordinates, mix type, or any other numeric information may be stored (up to twelve characters per line). To store additional information, press 〈YES〉. To exit, press 〈NO/CE〉. Model 4640-B 4–3...

  • Page 46: Printing Measurement Data

    Windows 98 or the Terminal program in Windows 3.1 to print (upload) data to a computer. The optional Procomm Plus data processing package available from Troxler may also be used to print (upload) data. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈PRINT〉. The display will be: Connect serial device &...
  • Page 47 If printing a single file, the gauge will display the first project number in memory. xxxxxx 1- Print Proj. 2- Next Proj. Scroll through the project numbers with 〈2〉. When the project for printing is displayed, press 〈1〉. Model 4640-B 4–5...

  • Page 48: Erasing A Project

    ERASING A PROJECT The Erase function allows project data to be erased or removed from gauge memory. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈ERASE〉. The display will be: Select to ERASE: 1- one Project 2- all Projects To erase a single project, press 〈1〉. To erase all projects stored in the gauge, press 〈2〉.
  • Page 49 CHAPTER 5 THE SHIFT FUNCTIONS This chapter gives brief explanations of the Shift functions available on the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. These functions are accessed by pressing 〈SHIFT〉 and the corresponding function key. CONTENTS Status..................... 5–2 Average..................5–3 Project ...................

  • Page 50: Status

    STATUS The Status function allows the user to view each gauge setting without accessing the individual function. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈STATUS〉 for the display: -CONTROL STATUS- Press YES to view settings (CE to exit) To view the settings, press 〈YES〉. UNITS: US SV: DISABLED Offset: DISABLED...

  • Page 51: Average

    Reading# x of xx Thick: x.xx Avg: xxxx Time: xxx To continue taking readings, press 〈START/ENTER〉. When all the readings are complete, the average result will be displayed. Model 4640-B 5–3...

  • Page 52: Project

    PROJECT Refer to page 4–2 for information on setting up or viewing project files. PRINT The Print function allows project data to be printed or downloaded to a computer. For more information on the use of this function, see page 4–4. ERASE See page 4–6 for information on erasing projects.

  • Page 53: Special Calibration (Sp. Cal.)

    SPECIAL CALIBRATION (SP. CAL.) CAUTION Do not use Special Calibration #12; it is not operational! The 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge is factory calibrated for a density range of 100 to 170 pcf (1602 to 2723 kg/m ). However, in...

  • Page 54: New Calibration

    NEW CALIBRATION To perform a special calibration, press 〈3〉. Input the calibration number and the number of readings to be averaged. The core value is the density obtained using an alternative method of measurement. If the core has not yet been removed, position the gauge over the alternative test site as shown in Figure 5–1.

  • Page 55: Gauge Positioned Over Alternative Test Site

    Figure 5–1. Gauge Positioned Over Alternative Test Site Figure 5–2. Gauge Positioned Around Alternative Test Site Model 4640-B 5–7...

  • Page 56: Offset

    OFFSET The Offset function, like a special calibration, allows the gauge to be adjusted for asphalt mixes not covered by the factory calibration. This function is quicker than performing a special calibration but less accurate. The offset should be used only to temporarily adjust the gauge readings.

  • Page 57: Calculator (Calc.)

    CALCULATOR (CALC.) The 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge is equipped with a four- function calculator. The function keys are located on the two left rows of the keypad. When the calculator function is active, these keys are enabled. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈CALC.〉.

  • Page 58: Recall

    RECALL The Recall function allows the last reading taken with the 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge to be recalled for review. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈RECALL〉 for the display: Dens: x.x PCF %MA: x.xx% %VOID: x.xx Cnts xxxx xxxx To return to the Ready mode, press 〈NO/CE〉.

  • Page 59: Special Functions

    CHAPTER 6 SPECIAL FUNCTIONS This chapter gives brief explanations of the Special functions available on the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. These functions are accessed by pressing 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉, then the corresponding function key. CONTENTS Surface Voids................6–2 Recover Erase ................

  • Page 60: Surface Voids

    SURFACE VOIDS In cases where thin layer measurements must be taken on asphalt mixes containing large aggregate (open mixes), the surface voids mode may be enabled to obtain a more accurate reading. Refer to Figure 6–1 on the following page to aid the decision of surface voids mode usage.

  • Page 61: Normal Versus Surface Voids Mode Selection

    Figure 6–1. Normal Versus Surface Voids Mode Selection Figure 6–2. Gauge/Reference Block Position Model 4640-B 6–3...

  • Page 62: Recover Erase

    RECOVER ERASE If project data is inadvertently erased, the Recover Erase function may recover the lost information. NOTE There is no guarantee that the Recover Erase function will successfully recover the lost data. If any data has been stored after the accidental erasure, a successful recovery is impossible.

  • Page 63: Stat Test

    This standard deviation is compared to a theoretical standard deviation value. Ideally, this ratio should be one. However, the 4640-B pre-scales (or divides) the counts by 8, resulting in an ideal ratio of (0.35). The acceptable limits for the ratios are from (0.25) to (0.45).

  • Page 64: Sample Stat Test Printout

    ******************************* * TROXLER 4640 Stability Test * ******************************* 5/31/89 8:10 AM Serial #: READING : COUNTS ------------------------------- 6948 2080 6900 2056 6894 2055 6880 2081 6886 2075 6857 2088 6884 2086 6893 2074 6913 2086 6926 2084 6930 2080 6908...

  • Page 65: Drift Test

    If the stat test has already been performed (and passed), but gauge readings seem to drift between tests, a drift test can be performed to check the long-term drift of the 4640-B. A drift test consists of five 4-minute counts that are begun approximately 3-4 hours after completion of a stat test.

  • Page 66: Sample Drift Test Printout

    ******************************* TROXLER 4640 Drift Test ******************************* Gauge Serial #: 5/31/89 11:10 AM READING : COUNTS ------------------------------- 8375 3340 8414 3376 8339 3348 8381 3352 8215 3416 ------------------------------- Average counts: 8345 3366 DriftA: 0.22% PASS DriftB: 0.33% PASS ******************************* Figure 6–4. Sample Drift Test Printout...

  • Page 67: Target Precision

    The 4640-B count time will be adjusted (up to a maximum of 60 min) to obtain the specified precision. The required precision time is rounded to the nearest 15-second interval.

  • Page 68: Print/Baud Setup

    PRINT/BAUD SETUP The Print/Baud Setup function allows the user to configure the gauge for communication with an RS-232 serial device such as a printer or computer. The baud rate or communication speed should be set to match the peripheral device. Refer to the device owner's manual for the proper settings.

  • Page 69: Units

    To review the current battery status (voltage, charge date, time used, and so on), press 〈2〉. -Battery Status- Batt. Volts:xx.x (7.0 =Batt. Low) (Press YES) To view the date of the last charge and elapsed time, press 〈YES〉. Model 4640-B 6–11...

  • Page 70: Customer Name

    CUSTOMER NAME Refer to page 3–6 for information on entering the customer name. TIME/DATE The Time/Date function is discussed on page 3–5. STANDARD MODE Refer to page 3–9 for detailed information on when to use this function. Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉. Either press 〈YES〉 three times then 〈START/ENTER〉, or press 〈11〉...

  • Page 71: Source Decay

    Press 〈SHIFT〉 and 〈SPECIAL〉. Either press 〈YES〉 four times then 〈START/ENTER〉, or press 〈13〉 for the display: Std after Decay Sys 1 Sys 2 xxxx xxxx (Press any key) To exit, press any key. Model 4640-B 6–13...

  • Page 72: Erase Standard Counts

    ERASE STANDARD COUNTS The Erase Standard Counts function allows the user or technician to erase all four standard counts from gauge memory. This may be desirable if the gauge has been repaired or mechanical changes have been made. These factors may affect the standard counts and comparing the new one to the average of the last four may cause the gauge to fail the standard count test when nothing is wrong with the gauge.
  • Page 73 APPENDIX A RADIATION THEORY AND SAFETY This appendix is required reading for anyone who will operate the 4640-B nuclear system. This appendix covers radiation theory along with a brief explanation of radiation statistics and radiation terminology. CONTENTS Radiation Theory ................. A–2 Atomic Structure ..............

  • Page 74: Radiation Theory

    RADIATION THEORY A more detailed discussion of radiological theory can be found in the Troxler Nuclear Gauge Safety Training Program manual, provided at the Troxler Safety Class. ATOMIC STRUCTURE All materials consist of chemical elements that cannot decompose by ordinary chemical methods. Some examples are:...

  • Page 75: Radiation Theory

    For example, the quality factor (QF) for the cesium-137 gamma source in the 4640-B is one. Therefore, one rad of absorbed dose produces a dose equivalent (absorbed dose × QF) of 1 rem. Note that other types of radiation may have quality factors greater than 1.

  • Page 76: Radiation Statistics

    RADIATION STATISTICS Radioactive emission is a random process. The number of emissions in a given time period is not constant but varies statistically about an average value. The variation about the true mean value is a Poisson distribution. In this distribution, the standard deviation (σ) about the mean (n) is defined as: σ...

  • Page 77: Radiation Safety

    RADIATION SAFETY This section provides a brief discussion of general radiation safety. The exposure profile for the Model 4640-B gauge is also included, along with a discussion of the source encapsulation. TYPES OF RADIATION The radioactive source in the Model 4640-B produces two types of...

  • Page 78: A–3 Effect Of Distance On Exposure

    Taking advantage of all available means to limit radiation exposure is always recommended. The three methods of limiting exposure are: TIME DISTANCE SHIELDING These methods are a part of an ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) program. Time The simplest way to reduce exposure is to keep the time spent around a radioactive source to a minimum.

  • Page 79: Monitoring Radiation

    Dense materials, such as lead, shield gamma rays. The Model 4640-B has shielding built into the system that reduces the exposure.

  • Page 80: 4640-B Radiation Profile

    4640-B RADIATION PROFILE Gamma measurements for transpo rt case and gauge radiation profile made using Ludlum Model 14C Survey Meter, calibrated September 1988. * indicates a reading of less than 0.1 mrem/h. All reading in mrem/hr. Dose rates measured by...

  • Page 81: Source Encapsulation

    Sealed sources are encapsulated to prevent leakage of the radioactive material and to meet radiation safety requirements. The photon, or gamma source (cesium-137) in the 4640-B is in a capsule. Proper use of this gauge (following the instructions in this manual) and the shielding design of the gauge will keep the exposure levels at a minimum under normal conditions.
  • Page 82 If a gauge is damaged, then follow the steps below: Locate the gauge and/or source. Do not touch or move the gauge. Immediately cordon off an area around the nuclear gauge and/or source. A radius of 15 ft (5 m) will be sufficient. Do not leave the area unattended.
  • Page 83 The RSO may also be required to notify the U.S. DOT of accidents during transport. Before shipping a damaged gauge to Troxler, obtain an RGA (Returned Goods Authorization) number from the Troxler RSO. Model 4640-B...
  • Page 84 NOTES Appendix A–12...
  • Page 85 APPENDIX B 4640-B SPECIFICATIONS This appendix contains gauge and measurement specifications for the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. CONTENTS Measurement Specifications ............B–2 Gauge Precision at 140 PCF (2240 kg/m )......B–2 Radiological Specifications ............B–3 Electrical Specifications ...............B–4 Mechanical Specifications ............B–6 Model 4640-B Appendix B–1...

  • Page 86: Measurement Specifications

    MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS GAUGE PRECISION AT 140 PCF (2240 KG/M Time (min) Thickness kg/m ± 1.4 ± 22 1.0" (2.5cm) ± 0.85 ± 14 2.0" (5.0cm) ± 0.69 ± 11 2.5" (6.3cm) ± 0.69 ± 11 4.0" (10.0cm) ± 1.0 ± 16 1.0"...

  • Page 87: Radiological Specifications

    Sealed Source – Special Form Source housing Stainless steel, encapsulated Shielding Tungsten, lead, and cadmium Surface dose rate See radiation profile on page A-8. Source rod material Stainless steel Shipping case DOT 7A, Type A, Yellow II, TI. 0.2 Model 4640-B Appendix B–3...

  • Page 88: Electrical Specifications

    ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ±0.005% ±0.0002% / °C Time accuracy and stability ±0.01% / °C Power supply stability Stored power 30 watt-hours Battery recharge time 16 hours, automatic cutoff Charge source 110/220 V ac, 50/60 Hz/12 V dc Liquid crystal display 4-line x 16-character alphanumeric Keypad 22-key sealed membrane Power consumption...
  • Page 89 Tx (pin 2) ....Rx (pin 2) CTS (pin 5) .... DSR (pin 6) DSR (pin 6) ... CTS (pin 5) Gnd (pin 7) .... Gnd (pin 7) 4640-B Gauge Serial Pin Description Signal Ground Transmit Data Receive Data Request To Send...

  • Page 90: Mechanical Specifications

    MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS Base Cast aluminum Gauge size (w/o handle) 18.6 x 9.1 x 6.2 in. 472 x 231 x 157 mm Gauge height (w/ handle) 11.1 in. 282 mm Weight 29.7 lb 13.5 kg Shipping weight 77.5 lb 35.2 kg Operating temperature 14 to 158 °F Ambient:...
  • Page 91 This appendix contains important information for maintaining and servicing the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge. The following procedures should be performed to keep the 4640-B in good working order. In the event that a serious problem with the gauge arises, contact your nearest Troxler Service Center or representative for instructions.

  • Page 92: Troubleshooting

    TROUBLESHOOTING BATTERY LIFE HOURS INCORRECT Charge the gauge overnight (16 hours). Check battery voltage (refer to page 6–11). If battery voltage is equal or greater than 7.0 volts, manually enter the correct hour value. With a new gauge after a full 16-hour charge, enter a battery life of 200.
  • Page 93 If any opening is visible, the sliding block should be cleaned. Refer to page C-11 for instructions. If the sliding block still does not close completely, contact the nearest Troxler Service Center (see page C–17). ASPHALT READINGS ARE HIGH/LOW Take magnesium (Mg) reference block readings.
  • Page 94 Perform statistical stability (stat) test. If test passes, proceed with job. If test fails, repeat two more times. If test fails two out of three times, contact your nearest Troxler Service Center (see page C-17). GAUGE WILL NOT COMMUNICATE WITH PRINTER OR COMPUTER Check the cable for continuity.
  • Page 95 GAUGE IN MEASUREMENT POSITION BUT DISPLAY INDICATES SAFE POSITION Switch is defective. Press 〈START/ENTER〉 again. Call your nearest Troxler Service Center (page C-17) for replacement part (page C-13). NO DENSITY READINGS The most likely reason for no density readings is an electronic problem, such as a failure of the detector preamplifier.

  • Page 96: Battery Charging

    BATTERY CHARGING The 4640-B with fully charged batteries will remain operational for approximately 8 weeks under normal conditions. If the batteries become discharged, the following message will be displayed on the gauge: <READY> mm/dd/yy Avg: xx Time: xx min. BATTERY LOW! When this display appears, there are a few hours remaining before the battery must be recharged.
  • Page 97 Insert D-size alkaline batteries in the optional battery packs. Install the packs in the gauge in accordance with the polarity indicated on the labels. REMEMBER to reconnect the battery packs and the control panel ribbon cable. Reverse the above removal procedure for installation. Model 4640-B Appendix C–7...

  • Page 98: Leak Testing

    LEAK TESTING To ensure the integrity of the radioactive source encapsulation, the 4640-B must be leak tested at intervals not exceeding six months unless otherwise indicated by your license. Using the Troxler Model 3880 Leak Test Kit (PN 102868) and...

  • Page 99: Mechanical Maintenance

    MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE The 4640-B will not need much maintenance, but the gauge should be inspected periodically to ensure precise operation. When performing maintenance on the gauge, monitor radiation by wearing a dosimeter. INSPECTING THE SOURCE ROD To ensure the integrity of the source rod, Troxler recommends that a qualified Troxler service person inspect the gauge and source rod at least once every five years.

  • Page 100: Lubricating The Source Rod

    CAUTION The use of any unapproved cleaning agents such as methyl-ethyl-ketones, amines and methylene chloride will damage the top shell and void the warranty. LUBRICATING THE SOURCE ROD If the source rod does not slide up and down freely, the source rod bearing may require lubrication.

  • Page 101: Cleaning The Tungsten Sliding Block

    If not, check that the sliding block spring was properly installed after cleaning. If the sliding block still does not close properly, immediately contact the nearest Troxler Service Center. CAUTION Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed.

  • Page 102: Gasket Replacement

    Re-install the sliding block with the angled side up. Apply a light coating of Magnalube to the top angled surface of the block only. Re-install the bottom plate. Do not overtighten screws! Ensure that the source rod moves up and down freely. GASKET REPLACEMENT Four gaskets seal the gauge from moisture, dirt, and debris.

  • Page 103: Replacement Parts

    103948 20 Pin Ribbon Cable assembly (front panel to base) 104184 Cover Plate Assembly 100528.3000 Captive screw (Front panel) 104767 4640B Overlay (keypad) 104520 4640-B Top shell 012200 Spring (trigger) 104553 Plunger 3400 (indexer) 105108 Trigger 104305 Handle sleeve 101603.1010...

  • Page 104: Accessories

    Leak Test Packet (4 unit) 102873 1 oz solution 104262 Survey Meter with Accessories 104262.0001 Troxler Survey Meter w/ Beeper Option 105026 Air Gap Fixture Assembly 4640B 104148 Battery Case Assembly (non-rechargeable) 104410 AC Charger, 12 V dc 500 mA 104155 AC Charger, 13.6 V dc 500 mA...

  • Page 105: Maintenance Supplies

    MAINTENANCE SUPPLIES PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION 012784 Lubricant Magnalube 1.5 oz Tube 012786 Lubricant Magnalube 1 lb Can 012787 Lubricant Magnalube 5 lb Can 012789 Lubricant Magnalube 14.5 oz Model 4640-B Appendix C–15...

  • Page 106: Returning The Gauge For Service

    RGA (Returned Goods Authorization) number, and a description of the instrument and its problem. This information is used by Troxler shipping and service personnel to expedite the repair work. To obtain an RGA number, please call or fax the factory or branch office with your request.

  • Page 107: Troxler Service Centers

    TROXLER SERVICE CENTERS Troxler Corporate Headquarters Florida Service Center 3008 Cornwallis Road 2376 Forsyth Road P.O. Box 12057 Orlando, FL 32807 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Tel (407) 681-4221 Tel (919) 549-8661 Fax (407) 681-3188 Fax (919) 549-0761 E-mail: troxlerfl@troxlerlabs.com E-mail: troxserv@troxlerlabs.com...
  • Page 108 NOTES Appendix C–18...
  • Page 109 Devices containing radioactive materials are required to be transported within the guidelines of regulations of the United States Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) and the International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA). The Troxler Model 4640-B in its transport case meets or exceeds all shipping requirements. CONTENTS U.S.

  • Page 110: U.s. Shipping Requirements

    United States must consult their government or licensing authority for applicable regulations. The following are needed to transport the 4640-B gauge in the United States: ♦ A copy of the “IAEA Certificate of Competent Authority” for each source in the gauge (Special Form Source Certificate) must be on file.

  • Page 111: Certificate Of Competent Authority

    Transportation Guide. Troxler recommends that the operator place copies of the applicable certificate in all 4640-B files. A certificate issued by Troxler with each 4640-B gauge gives the model and serial number, along with relevant source and ownership information. The Troxler certificate has been confused with the certificate of competent authority required above.

  • Page 112: Emergency Response Telephone Number

    A 24-hour emergency response telephone number must be provided on the Bill of Lading. This number must be manned continuously while the 4640-B gauge is in transport. The person at this number must be one who is “knowledgeable of the hazards and...

  • Page 113: Inspection Of Package Before Shipment

    (613) 996-6666 if a gauge is involved in a transport accident or incident. HAZMAT TRAINING Maintain records of current training for each employee who transports radioactive material per 49 CFR 172 subpart H. Nuclear gauge operators must renew hazardous material (Hazmat) training every three years. Model 4640-B Appendix D–5...

  • Page 114: U.s. Shipping Forms

    The intra-company Bill of Lading (Figure D–1) must accompany devices transported by private carrier (for example, transportation by employee of a company in a privately owned vehicle). Troxler recommends that the operator complete a Bill of Lading for each device in possession, and that the operator type this document on company letterhead.

  • Page 115: D–1 Sample Private Carrier Bill Of Lading

    Radioactive Yellow II Label, TI = 0.2 **** EMERGENCY CONTACT: (919) 549-9539 **** (SIGNATURE) SHIPPER The information given above should also be used in preparation of shipping papers for shipment by common carrier. Figure D–1. Sample Private Carrier Bill of Lading Model 4640-B Appendix D–7...

  • Page 116: D–2 Sample Common Carrier Bill Of Lading

    SB Freightways BILL OF LADING DATE P.O. NO. SHIPPER NO. SHIP DATE CONSIGNEE (TO) SHIPPER/CONSIGNOR (FROM) RED E. WAITING ABC PAVING COMPANY DEF PAVING INTERNATIONAL 456 MAIN STREET 123 DIRT ROAD ANY OTHER TOWN, U.S.A. 67890 ANYTOWN, U.S.A. 12345 PHONE NO. EMERGENCY RESPONSE NUMBER* (REQUIRED IF HM COLUMN MARKED) ROUTE 919-549-9539...

  • Page 117: D–3 Sample Shippers Declaration For Dangerous Goods

    EMERGENCY CONTACT: (01) 1-919-549-9539 Wanda Shippitt, Shipping Coordinator ANYTOWN, U.S.A. Ship Date NOTE The Shipper’s Declaration of Dangerous Goods must be completed for all shipments transported by air. Figure D–3. Sample Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods Model 4640-B Appendix D–9...

  • Page 118: D–4 Sample Federal Express Form

    WANDA SHIPPITT 444-4444 ABC PAVING COMPANY 123 DIRT ROAD ANYTOWN U.S.A. 12345 RED E. WAITING 555-5555 DEF PAVING INTERNATIONAL 456 MAIN STREET ANY OTHER TOWN U.S.A. 67890 XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX Radioactive Material, UN3332 Cesium-137 Yellow SPECIAL 0.30 GBq (8.0 mCi) FORM CERT.

  • Page 119: Canadian Shipping Requirements

    (TPRM) apply any time a nuclear device used in commerce is being transported by motor vehicle on a public highway, regardless of carrier. Always contact the common carrier, licensing agency, or Troxler for shipping assistance. For shipping requirements and accident notification regulations, consult the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulation.

  • Page 120: D–5 Sample Canadian Bill Of Lading

    Special Form, Class 7, UN3332, Cs-137 0.30 GBq (8 mCi), Radioactive Yellow II label, TI=0.2, Four Class 7 placards required EMERGENCY CONTACT: 1-919-549-9539, Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. This shipping document is issued under the authority of the consignor per ______________________________________ Date _________...
  • Page 121 APPENDIX E UNIT CONVERSION The 4640-B gauge can display measurement results in either SI (metric) units or English units. Also, HM-181 of 49 CFR changes the standard units of radioactivity in the United States from the English unit of curies (Ci) to the SI unit of becquerel (Bq). This requires the shipper to convert the activity on the Bill of Lading from curies to becquerels (GBq).

  • Page 122: Measurement Units

    MEASUREMENT UNITS 1 in. = 25.4 mm 1 in. = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 30.48 cm 1 ft = 0.30 m 1 pcf = 16.02 kg/m –2 1 pcf = 1.6 x 10 g/cm RADIOLOGICAL UNITS 1 rem = 0.1 Sv 1 Ci = 37 GBq 1 mCi = 37 MBq The following table is provided to assist the user in converting from...
  • Page 123 Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows 3.1 all include communications programs that can be used to transfer project data from the Model 4640-B Thin Layer Density Gauge to a computer. This appendix provides instructions on using the Windows 95/98 HyperTerminal program and the Windows 3.1 Terminal program to print (upload) data from the gauge.

  • Page 124: Windows 95/98 Hyperterminal

    HyperTerminal program as described in the following sections. HYPERTERMINAL SETUP To configure the Windows 95/98 HyperTerminal program and set up a dedicated icon to transfer data from the 4640-B gauge, perform the following steps: 1. Click on the Start button, then select the Programs menu and the Accessories folder.

  • Page 125: Equipment Connection

    6. Click OK. The Troxler Data – HyperTerminal window is displayed, where Troxler Data is the icon name entered in step 3. 7. From the toolbar, click on File and select Save from the dropdown menu. 8. Close the Troxler Data – HyperTerminal window by selecting Exit from the File menu.
  • Page 126 4. On the 4640-B gauge, select the project data to be printed (downloaded) to the computer, and follow the instructions in Chapter 4 to print the data to the computer. The project data will be displayed in the Troxler Data – HyperTerminal window as it is downloaded.

  • Page 127: Windows 3.1 Terminal

    WINDOWS 3.1 TERMINAL To print (upload) data from the 4640-B gauge to a computer equipped with the Windows 3.1 operating system, use the Terminal program as described in the following sections. TERMINAL SETUP To configure the Windows 3.1 Terminal program to transfer data from the 4640-B gauge, perform the following steps: 1.

  • Page 128: Printing (Uploading) Project Data

    Name box. Troxler recommends naming the file with a .txt extension. Click OK to return to the Terminal window. 3. On the 4640-B gauge, select the project data to be printed (downloaded) to the computer, and follow the instructions in Chapter 4 to print the data to the computer.

  • Page 129: Viewing Project Data

    Excel). To view the data, open the desired program, then open the file in which the project data was stored. NOTE The user can also use the spreadsheet program to design a spreadsheet to manipulate and manage the data. Model 4640-B Appendix F–7...
  • Page 130 NOTES Appendix F–8...

  • Page 131: Index

    INDEX Access code ..................xi Accessories .................1–4, C–14 Accidental erasure ................ 6–4 Aggregate, large................6–2 Air gap spacer ............... 1–4, 3–9 ALARA..................A–6 Alkaline batteries ................C–6 Asphalt mixes ................5–5 ASTM standard................1–2 Atomic Structure................... A–2 Weight..................A–3 Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB)......1–2, D–11 Atomic Energy Control Regulations (AEC) ......
  • Page 132 CALC. key..................5–9 Calculator function ............... 5–9 Calibration Number ..................5–5 Special..................5–5 Canadian shipping requirements..........D–11 Case, transport ................1–4 Centers, service..............iii, C–17 Certificate of Competent Authority ..........D–3 Cesium-137 Half-life................3–9, A–3 Source ..................2–2 Charger/adapter..............1–4, C–6 Cleaning Base and top shell ..............C–9 Sliding block................C–11...
  • Page 133 Electrical specifications ..............B–4 Electrons ..................A–2 Emergency Procedures................A–9 Response .................. D–3 Encapsulation, source ..............A–9 Erase Project ................4–2, 4–6 Recover ..................6–4 Special calibration ..............5–6 Standard Counts function............6–14 ERASE key................... 4–6 Federal Express................D–10 Forms, shipping ................D–6 Gamma radiation ..............
  • Page 134 Labeling requirements ..............D–4 Large aggregate ................6–2 LCD test..................3–3 Leak test..................C–8 Limits Drift test ..................6–7 Standard count ................ 3–10 Stat test..................6–5 Locking ..................D–4 Lubricating source rod ..............C–10 MA/VOIDLESS key..............3–15 Marshall value ................3–15 Marshall/Voidless Density function ........... 3–15 Measurement Position ..................
  • Page 135 Name, customer ................3–6 Neutrons..................A–2 NiCad batteries ................3–3 NO/CE key..................1–6 Nuclear Gauge safety training ............... A–2 Method of testing ..............2–2 Nucleus ..................A–2 Number Calibration ................5–5 Project ..................4–2 OFF key ..................1–6 Offset function ................5–8 OFFSET key .................
  • Page 136 Print Drift test ..................6–8 Project ..................4–4 Setup ..................6–10 Stat test..................6–6 PRINT key ..................4–4 Print/Baud Setup function............6–10 Printer ................... 1–4 Procomm Plus................4–4 Profile, radiation ................A–8 Project Create..................4–2 Erase ................. 4–2, 4–6 Function ..................4–2 Number ..................
  • Page 137 Reference block ..............1–4, 3–9 Rem....................A–3 Replacement Gasket ..................C–12 Parts ..................C–13 Requirements Bill of lading ................D–4 Canadian shipping ..............D–11 Labeling ................... D–4 U.S. shipping ................D–2 Returning the gauge for service ..........C–16 ROM .....................B–4 SAFE position................3–8 Sealing ..................
  • Page 138 SP. CAL. key ................5–5 Special Calibration function ..............5–5 Form material................A–9 Functions................... 6–1 SPECIAL key ................6–1 Specifications Electrical ...................B–4 Measurement................B–2 Mechanical................B–6 Radiological................B–3 Standard ASTM ..................1–2 Count..................3–9 Deviation.................. A–4 Function ..................3–9 Mode function................. 6–12 Standard count Limits..................
  • Page 139 Taking Measurement................3–14 Reading ................... 3–15 Standard count ................3–9 Target precision ................6–9 Terminal program ................. F–5 Test Drift................... 6–7 Leak ..................C–8 Stat .................... 6–5 Type A Package ............... D–3 Testing ..................3–14 Theory Operation .................. 2–1 Radiation.................. A–2 Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) .........
  • Page 140 View Counts ..................3–16 Last reading ................5–10 Project ..................4–2 Standard counts............... 3–11 Status..................5–2 Voidless density................3–15 Voids, surface ................6–2 Weight, gauge ................B–6 YES key ..................1–6 Index–10...

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