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Netopia D3232 User Reference Manual

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Netopia
D-Series DSL DSUs
D3100-I IDSL
D3232 IDSL
D7100 SDSL
D7171 SDSL
User's Reference Guide

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Summary of Contents for Netopia D3232

  • Page 1 ™ Netopia D-Series DSL DSUs D3100-I IDSL D3232 IDSL D7100 SDSL D7171 SDSL User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 2 This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes translation to another language or format.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    DSU mode ... 2-14 Connect Line ports to mutiple DSL lines (D3232 only) ... 2-15 Netopia D-Series DSL DSU back panel ports... 2-15 Netopia D-Series DSL DSU status lights ... 2-16 Chapter 3 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network ...3-19 Netopia D-Series Configuration Modes...
  • Page 4 Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers... 4-28 Part II: Advanced Configuration Chapter 5 — Console-Based Management ...5-33 Connecting a console cable to your Netopia D-Series... 5-34 Connecting through a Telnet session ... 5-35 Configuring Telnet software ... 5-36 Navigating through the console screens ... 5-36 Chapter 6 —...
  • Page 5 Statistics & Logs ... 7-51 General Statistics ... 7-51 Event histories ... 7-52 System Information... 7-55 SNMP ... 7-55 The SNMP Setup screen ... 7-56 SNMP traps ... 7-57 Chapter 8 — Security ...8-59 Suggested security measures ... 8-59 User accounts ... 8-59 Telnet access ...
  • Page 6 Appendix A — Troubleshooting...A-103 Configuration problems ... A-103 Console connection problems ... A-104 Network problems ... A-104 How to reset the Netopia D-Series to factory defaults... A-105 Power outages... A-105 Technical support ... A-106 How to reach us... A-106 Appendix B — Binary Conversion Table...B-109 Appendix C —...
  • Page 7 Description... D-120 Power requirements ... D-120 Environment ... D-120 Software and protocols... D-120 Agency approvals... D-120 Regulatory notices ... D-121 Important safety instructions ... D-122 Glossary Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies Index Contents...
  • Page 8 viii User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 10 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 11: Chapter 1 - Introduction

    LAN and efficient use of the DSL link. The Netopia D7100 and D7171 use an SDSL link to a Copper Mountain DSLAM for the WAN connection. The Netopia D3100-I and D3232 use an ISDN Digital Subscriber Line (IDSL) to provide remote users dedicated, digital access, even if they are connected to a central office via a digital loop carrier (DLC)
  • Page 12 3 Mbps. Netopia's DSL routers and DSUs with bonding allow users with 1.5 Mbps SDSL connections to enjoy speeds of over 3 Mbps, twice as fast as T1. They also allow customers who, because of line quality problems, were...
  • Page 13 Introduction 1-13 This guide is designed to be your single source for information about your Netopia D-Series DSL DSU. It is intended to be viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display has been deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described, and find useful information...
  • Page 14 1-14 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 15: Chapter 2 - Making The Physical Connections

    This section tells you how to make the physical connections to your Netopia D-Series DSL DSU. This section covers the following topics: “Find a location” on page 2-15 “What you need” on page 2-15 “Identify the connectors and attach the cables” on page 2-16 “Netopia D-Series DSL DSU back panel ports”...
  • Page 16 Connect one end one of the RJ-45 cables to the Line 1 port, and the other end to your SDSL or IDSL wall outlet. Connect one end of one of the RJ-45 Ethernet cables to any of the Ethernet ports on the Netopia D-Series and the other end to your computer or to your network.

  • Page 17: Description

    Frame Relay router. The unit will auto-detect filtering bridge mode or DSU mode, based on which cables are connected and traffic on the lines. On the Netopia D3232 DSU, you can connect the Line ports to up to 4 DSL lines using the splitters provided with your equipment.
  • Page 18 Alternatively, you can use the console connection to run console-based management using a direct serial connection. You can either connect your computer directly to any of the Ethernet ports on the Netopia D-Series, or connect both your computer and the Netopia D-Series to an existing Ethernet hub on your LAN.
  • Page 19 Note: Console carrier (6) is ignored if the console is not configured for a remote modem. Making the Physical Connections 2-19 the LEDs... 5 or 11 flashes yellow. (D3232 only) 6 and 7 are green. 6 and 7 flash yellow.
  • Page 20 2-20 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 21: Chapter 3 - Connecting To Your Local Area Network

    This chapter describes how to physically connect the Netopia D-Series to your local area network (LAN). Before you proceed, make sure the Netopia D-Series is properly configured. You can customize the Netopia D-Series’s configuration for your particular LAN requirements using console-based management (see Management”...
  • Page 22 If the destination MAC address is the Netopia D-Series’s MAC address, based on its serial number, and it is for management purposes (Telnet or SNMP) or is an ICMP that needs response, it is accepted. If it is the MAC address that is being proxied (supplied by the DSLAM) it is encapsulated in ATM FUNI and transmitted over the DSL connection.
  • Page 23 TCP/IP stack: This is the software that lets your PC or Macintosh communicate using Internet protocols. TCP/IP stacks must be configured with some of the same information you used to configure the Netopia D-Series. There are a number of TCP/IP stacks available for PC computers. Windows 95 includes a built-in TCP/IP stack.

  • Page 24: Base-T

    The Netopia D-Series supports Ethernet connections through its eight Ethernet ports. The Netopia D-Series automatically detects which Ethernet port is in use. You can connect a standard 10Base-T Ethernet network to the Netopia D-Series using any of its available Ethernet ports.
  • Page 25 Connecting to Your Local Area Network 3-25 If you add devices connected through a hub, connect the hub to Ethernet port number 1 on the Netopia D-Series and set the Normal/Uplink switch to Uplink. Ethernet Nor- Macintosh 10Base-T...
  • Page 26 3-26 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 27: Chapter 4 - Configuring Tcp/Ip

    Computers on your network must have TCP/IP installed and configured. This chapter tells you how to configure TCP/IP on the desktop computers on your network. This chapter covers the following topics: “Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95 or 98 computers” on page 28 “Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers”...
  • Page 28 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0, or for 12-user models 255.255.255.240 This address is an example of one that can be used to configure the Netopia D-Series with the Easy option in the SmartStart Wizard. Your ISP or network administrator may ask you to use a different IP...
  • Page 29 Click on the Gateway tab (shown below). Under “New gateway,” enter 192.168.1.1. Click Add. This is the Netopia D-Series’s pre-assigned IP address. Click OK in this window, and the next window. When prompted, reboot the computer. Note: You can also use these instructions to configure other computers on your network with manual or static IP addresses.
  • Page 30 In the TCP/IP window or in the MacTCP/More window, select or type information into the fields as shown in the following table. Option: Connect via: Configure: IP Address: Subnet mask: Router or Gateway address: Name server address: Select/Type: Ethernet Manually 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0, or for 12-user models 255.255.255.240...
  • Page 31 Option: Implicit Search Path: Starting domain name: Close the TCP/IP or MacTCP control panel and save the settings. If you are using MacTCP, you must restart the computer. If you are using Open Transport, you do not need to restart. These are the only fields you need to modify in this screen. Note: You can also use these instructions to configure other computers on your network with manual or static IP addresses.
  • Page 32 4-32 User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 34 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 35: Chapter 5 - Console-Based Management

    Return/Enter for WAN Line configuration. You always start from this main screen. Note: Although it references the Netopia D3232, this screen applies to all Netopia D-Series DSL DSUs. The WAN Configuration menu displays and permit changing the following options: Clock Source: Network or Internal...

  • Page 36: Statistics & Logs

    D-Series. See “Quick View status overview” on page 7-51 If you will be assigning an IP address to the Netopia D-Series other than the default 192.168.1.1, it is best to access the unit through the serial console. You can perform all of the system configuration activities for your Netopia D-Series through a local serial console connection using terminal emulation software, such as HyperTerminal provided with Windows95 on the PC, or ZTerm, included on the CustomerCare CD, for Macintosh computers.
  • Page 37 Telnet your computer must have an IP address between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.254, subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Caution: If you change the Netopia D-Series’s IP address to some value outside of this range, you may lose contact with the unit via Telnet.
  • Page 38 Alternatively, you can have a direct serial console cable connection using the provided console cable for your platform (PC or Macintosh) and the Console port on the back of the Netopia D-Series. For more information on attaching the console cable, see page 5-36.

  • Page 39: Chapter 6 — Wan And System Configuration

    This chapter describes how to use the console-based management screens to access and configure advanced features of your Netopia D-Series DSL DSU. You can customize these features for your individual setup. These menus provide a powerful method for experienced users to set up their Netopia D-Series’s connection and system configuration.
  • Page 40 The console screen will open to the Main Menu, similar to the screen shown below: Return/Enter displays options for the system. You always start from this main screen. Note: Although it references the Netopia D3232, this screen applies to all Netopia D-Series DSL DSUs. “Connecting a console cable to your Netopia “SNMP” on page 7-57).

  • Page 41: Management Ip Setup

    To go back in this sequence of screens, use the Escape key. The Netopia D-Series DSL DSU’s default settings may be all you need to configure your Netopia D-Series. Some users, however, require advanced settings or prefer manual control over the default selections. For these users, the Netopia D-Series provides system configuration options.
  • Page 42 Consult your network administrator or Internet service provider to obtain the IP setup information such as the Ethernet IP address, Ethernet subnet mask, default IP gateway. You will need this information before changing any of the settings in this screen. Changes made in this screen will take effect only after the Netopia D-Series is reset.
  • Page 43 When using the Netopia D-Series in bridge mode only, these screens allow you to configure security on your network by means of filter sets. Details are given in You can set the system’s date and time in the Set Date and Time screen.
  • Page 44 You can upgrade your Netopia D-Series by adding new feature sets through the Upgrade Feature Set utility. See the release notes that came with your Netopia D-Series or feature set upgrade, or visit the Netopia Web site at www.netopia.com for information on new feature sets, how to obtain them, and how to install them on your Netopia D-Series.
  • Page 45 You can configure a UNIX-style syslog client for the PC to report a number of subsets of the events entered in the Netopia D-Series’s WAN Event History. See program (for the PC only) is supplied as a .ZIP file on the CustomerCare CD.
  • Page 46 3 Mbps. Netopia's DSL routers and DSUs with bonding allow users with 1.5 Mbps SDSL connections to enjoy speeds of over 3 Mbps, twice as fast as T1. They also allow customers who, because of line quality problems, were previously limited to a 144 Kbps IDSL connection, to enjoy speeds of up to 576 Kbps.
  • Page 47 To configure your Wide Area Network (WAN) connection and DSL link, navigate to the WAN Configuration screen from the Main Menu and select WAN Configuration, then Choose Interface to Configure. Note: On the Netopia D7100, select WAN Configuration, then SDSL Line Configuration. Skip to page 6-49. Main Menu The Choose Interface to Configure screen appears.
  • Page 48 6-48 User’s Reference Guide The screen below shows the ISDN/IDSL option for the WAN to be configured on the D3100-I or D3232. The screen below shows the D7171’s SDSL option. These screens show the dual WAN interfaces as a single bonded interface, and you configure them together by selecting (Wan Module 1 and 2) Setup...
  • Page 49 The Line Configuration screen appears, IDSL Line Configuration for the D3100-I or D3232, Clock Source... Bridge Mode Filter Set... Remove Filter Set Return/Enter goes to new screen. or SDSL Line Configuration for the D7100. Clock Source... Bridge Mode Filter Set...
  • Page 50 6-50 User’s Reference Guide The Clock Source may be either Network or Internal. If you select Network (the default), the Netopia D-Series IDSL interface functions in customer premise equipment (CPE) mode. This mode is the normal mode for communicating with an ISP. If you select Internal, the Netopia D-Series functions in central office equipment (COE) mode, simulating a DSLAM.

  • Page 51: Event Histories

    “System Information” on page 7-57 “SNMP” on page 7-57 You can get a useful, overall status report from the Netopia D-Series in the Quick View screen. To go to the Quick View screen, select Quick View in the Main Menu.

  • Page 52: Status Lights

    Default IP Gateway: The Netopia D-Series’s default gateway, which must be manually configured. If you are using the Netopia D-Series’s defaults this value will be 0.0.0.0. If you have assigned an IP address as your default gateway, it is shown here.
  • Page 53 Main Menu When you are troubleshooting your Netopia D-Series, the Statistics & Logs screens provide insight into the recent event activities of the Netopia D-Series. From the Main Menu go to Statistics & Logs and select one of the options described in the sections below.
  • Page 54 D-Series’s built-in battery backup prevents loss of event history from a shutdown or reset. The Netopia D-Series’s event histories are structured to display the most recent events first, and to make it easy to distinguish error messages from informational messages. Error messages are prefixed with an asterisk.
  • Page 55 The WAN Event History screen lists a total of 128 events on the WAN. The most recent events appear at the top. 11:48:19 AM -Date-----Time-----Event------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------SCROLL UP----------------------------------- 11/04/99 17:46:21 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:17 11/04/99 17:46:15 >>WAN: Data link activated at 144 Kbps 11/04/99 17:46:15 >>WAN: Data link activated at 144 Kbps...
  • Page 56 7-56 User’s Reference Guide The Device Event History screen lists a total of 128 port and system events, giving the time and date for each event, as well as a brief description. The most recent events appear at the top. In the Statistics &...

  • Page 57: System Information

    Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643) Netopia MIB These MIBs are on the CustomerCare CD included with the Netopia D-Series. Load these MIBs into your SNMP management software in the order they are listed here. Follow the instructions included with your SNMP manager on how to load MIBs.

  • Page 58: Snmp

    Select System Contact and enter the name of the person responsible for maintaining the Netopia D-Series. System Name, System Location, and System Contact set the values returned by the Netopia D-Series SNMP agent for the SysName, SysLocation, and SysContact objects, respectively, in the MIB II system group. Although optional, the information you enter in these items can help a system administrator manage the network more efficiently.

  • Page 59: Snmp Traps

    8-61. An SNMP trap is an informational message sent from an SNMP agent (in this case, the Netopia D-Series) to a manager. When a manager receives a trap, it may log the trap as well as generate an alert message of its own.
  • Page 60 7-60 User’s Reference Guide Return/Enter to modify an existing Trap Receiver. Navigate from here to view, add, modify and delete IP Trap Receivers. Select Add IP Trap Receiver. Select Receiver IP Address or Domain Name. Enter the IP address or domain name of the SNMP manager you want to receive the trap.

  • Page 61: Suggested Security Measures

    The Netopia D-Series provides a number of security features to help protect its configuration screens and your local network from unauthorized access. Although these features are optional, it is strongly recommended that you use them. This section covers the following topics: “Suggested security measures”...
  • Page 62 8-62 User’s Reference Guide To set up user accounts, in the System Configuration screen select Security and press Return. Main Menu The Security Options screen appears. Enable Telnet Console Access: Enable Telnet Access to SNMP Screens: Show Users... Add User... Delete User...
  • Page 63 Return to delete it. To exit the list without deleting the selected account, press Escape. Telnet is a TCP/IP service that allows remote terminals to access hosts on an IP network. The Netopia D-Series supports Telnet access to its configuration screens.
  • Page 64 To restrict Telnet access to all of the configuration screens, select Enable Telnet Console Access and toggle it to No. Important Note: The Netopia D-Series’s filter sets only work when the unit is in bridge mode. They have no effect when the unit is in DSU mode.
  • Page 65 Continuing the customs inspectors analogy, imagine the inspectors lined up to examine a package. If the package matches the first inspector’s criteria, the package is either rejected or passed on to its destination, depending on the first inspector’s particular orders. In this case, the package is never seen by the remaining inspectors.
  • Page 66 This rule applies to Telnet packets that come from a host with the IP address 199.211.211.17. If a match occurs, the packet is blocked. Here is what this rule looks like when implemented as a filter on the Netopia D-Series: +-#--Source IP Addr--Dest IP Addr-----Proto-Src.Port-D.Port--On?-Fwd-+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ 199.211.211.17...
  • Page 67 By matching on a port number, an IP filter can be applied to selected services, such as Telnet, FTP, and World Wide Web. The tables below show a few common services and their associated port numbers. Internet service Telnet SMTP (mail) Gopher Internet service Who Is...
  • Page 68 8-68 User’s Reference Guide There are three other attributes to each filter: The filter’s order (i.e., priority) in the filter set Whether the filter is currently active Whether the filter is set to pass (forward) packets or to block (discard) packets When you display a filter set, its filters are displayed as rows in a table: +-#---Source IP Addr---Dest IP Addr-----Proto-Src.Port-D.Port--On?-Fwd-+ +----------------------------------------------------------------------+...
  • Page 69 Src. Port: The source port to match. This is the port on the sending host that originated the packet. D. Port: The destination port to match. This is the port on the receiving host for which the packet is intended. On?: Displays Yes when the filter is in effect or No when it is not.
  • Page 70 8-70 User’s Reference Guide Suppose a filter is configured to block all incoming IP packets with the source IP address of 200.233.14.0, regardless of the type of connection or its destination. The filter would look like this: +-#---Source IP Addr---Dest IP Addr-----Proto-Src.Port-D.Port--On?-Fwd-+ +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 200.233.14.0 +----------------------------------------------------------------------+...
  • Page 71 your network may be vulnerable. The ultimate goal of network security is to prevent unauthorized access to the network without compromising authorized access. Using filter sets is part of reaching that goal. Each filter set you design will be based on one of the following approaches: “That which is not expressly permitted is prohibited.”...
  • Page 72 8-72 User’s Reference Guide This header information is what the packet filter uses to make filtering decisions. It is important to note that an IP packet filter does not look into the IP data stream (the User Data from above) to make filtering decisions. Generic filters can look into the data.
  • Page 73 0 AND 0 = 0 0 AND 1 = 0 1 AND 0 = 0 1 AND 1 = 1 For example: Filter rule: Deny IP: 163.176.1.15BINARY: Mask: 255.255.255.255BINARY:11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 Incoming Packet: IP 163.176.1.15BINARY: If you put the incoming packet and subnet mask together with AND, the result is: which matches the IP address in the filter rule and the packet is denied.

  • Page 74: Packet Filter

    8-74 User’s Reference Guide This is an example of the Netopia Filter set screen: Enabled: Forward: Type... Source IP Address: Source IP Address Mask: Dest. IP Address: Dest. IP Address Mask: Protocol Type: Source Port Compare... Source Port ID: Dest. Port Compare...
  • Page 75 255.255.255.128 This incoming IP packet has a source IP address that matches the network address in the Source IP Address field (whose last byte is binary 00000000) in the Netopia D-Series. This will not forward this packet. Filter Rule: Incoming packet has the source address of 200.1.1.184.
  • Page 76 200.1.1.184 255.255.255.240 Since the Source IP Network Address in the Netopia D-Series’s filter rule is 01100000 (=96 decimal), and the source IP address after the logical AND is 1011000, this rule does not match and this packet will be passed.
  • Page 77 255.255.255.255 Since the Source IP Network Address in the Netopia D-Series is 01100000, and the source IP address after the logical AND is 01100000, this rule does match and this packet will NOT be passed. This rule masks off a single IP address.
  • Page 78 8-78 User’s Reference Guide Return/Enter to modify an existing Filter Set. Set Up IP Filter Sets (Firewalls) from this and the following Menus. The procedure for creating and maintaining filter sets is as follows: Add a new filter set. Create the filters for the new filter set. View, change, or delete individual filters and filter sets.
  • Page 79 Filter Set Name: ADD FILTER SET Configure the Filter Set name and its associated Filters. All new filter sets have a default name. The first filter set you add will be called Filter Set 1, the next filter will be Filter Set 2, and so on.
  • Page 80 The Netopia D7100 Packets in the Netopia D-Series pass through an input filter if they originate in the WAN and through an output filter if they’re being sent out to the WAN. The process for adding input and output filters is exactly the same. The main difference between the two involves their reference to source and destination.
  • Page 81 The Display/Change Filter Set screen appears. Filter Set Name: To add an input filter, select Add Input Filter to Filter Set. The Add Filter screen appears. (To add an output filter, select Add Output Filter.) Enabled: Forward: Type... Source IP Address: Source IP Address Mask: Dest.
  • Page 82 8-82 User’s Reference Guide Select Type. A popup menu offers the option of either IP or Generic. If you choose IP, continue with the next step. If you choose Generic filtering, skip to the section Warning: Changing the filter Type clears the filter values if any were previously entered. Select Source IP Address and enter the source IP address this filter will match on.

  • Page 83: Chapter 8 — Security

    The Move Input/Output Filter permits reordering of rules in a filter set. +#----Source IP Addr---Dest IP Addr-----Proto-Src.Port-D.Port--On?-Fwd-+ +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1.1.1.1 000000000000 4.4.4.4 3.3.3.3 5.5.5.5 +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ Arrows move filter. RETURN/ENTER to accept new filter location. ESC aborts. All operations are done from a single popup. In the Display/Change Filter Set screen, select Move Input Filter (or Move Output Filter).
  • Page 84 8-84 User’s Reference Guide Enter the IP specific information for this filter. To delete a filter, select Delete Input Filter or Delete Output Filter in the Add Filter Set screen to display a table of filters. Select the filter from the table and press Return to delete it. Press Escape to exit the table without deleting the filter.
  • Page 85 To modify a filter set, select Display/Change Filter Set in the Filter Sets screen to display a list of filter sets. Select a filter set from the list and press Return. The Change Filter Set screen appears. The items in this screen are the same as the ones in the Add Filter screen (see Filter Set Name: Note: If you delete a filter set, all of the filters it contains are deleted as well.
  • Page 86 8-86 User’s Reference Guide If you chose Generic filtering in step Enabled: Forward: Type... Value: Mask: Offset: Compare: Chain to Next Filter: ADD THIS FILTER NOW Enter the IP specific information for this filter. Note: Generic filters are more complicated to use than IP filters. If you plan to filter only IP traffic, we recommend that you use IP filters instead.
  • Page 87 One of the more difficult aspects of writing Generic filter sets is determining how many bytes into the packet (the Offset) the value you want to test is. In order to find the Offset value a good understanding of packet formats is helpful.
  • Page 88 8-88 User’s Reference Guide Enabled: Forward: Type... Value: Mask: Offset: Compare: Chain to Next Filter: ADD THIS FILTER NOW Enter the packet specific information for this filter. Note the Offset is set to look at a value six bytes into the packet, the Value is 0000C8E395000000 and the Mask is set to match only the hexidecimal digits we're interested in -- the ones that represent the MAC address.
  • Page 89 The following example further illustrates filter rule chaining, different sized masks and the full 8 bytes of the Value field. Create a filter set designed to block telnet access from a given external node (the example below uses 176.163.52.18) to a given internal node (176.163.107.254). The filter rule summary (input) should look like this: +-#----Value-------------Mask--------------Offst-Compare--Chain---On?-Fwd-+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+...
  • Page 90 8-90 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 91: Chapter 9 — Utilities And Diagnostics

    A number of utilities and tests are available for system diagnostic and control purposes. This section covers the following topics: “Ping” on page 9-92 “Trace Route” on page 9-94 “Telnet client” on page 9-95 “Disconnect Telnet console session” on page 9-96 “Factory defaults”...

  • Page 92: Ping

    (Ping-capable) IP host. Each time the target host receives a Ping packet, it returns a packet to the original sender. Ping allows you to see whether a particular IP destination is reachable from the Netopia D-Series. You can also ascertain the quality and reliability of the connection to the desired destination by studying the Ping test’s statistics.
  • Page 93 Ping packets. Note that the second return Ping packet is considered to be late because it is not received by the Netopia D-Series before the third Ping packet is sent. The first and third return Ping packets are on time.

  • Page 94: Trace Route

    The time-to-live (TTL) value for each Ping packet sent by the Netopia D-Series is 255, the maximum allowed. The TTL value defines the number of IP routers that the packet can traverse. Ping packets that reach their TTL value are dropped, and a “destination unreachable”...

  • Page 95: Telnet Client

    Select Use Reverse DNS to learn the names of the routers between the Netopia D-Series and the destination router. The default is Yes. Select START TRACE ROUTE and press Return. A scrolling screen will appear that lists the destination, number of hops, IP addresses of each hop, and DNS names, if selected.

  • Page 96: Disconnect Telnet Console Session

    Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a method of transferring data over an IP network. TFTP is a client-server application, with the Netopia D-Series as the client. To use the Netopia D-Series as a TFTP client, a TFTP server must be available. Netopia, Inc. has a public access TFTP server on the Internet where you can obtain the latest firmware versions.
  • Page 97 Firmware updates may be available periodically from Netopia or from a site maintained by your organization’s network administrator. There are two types of firmware in the Netopia D-Series DSL DSU: router firmware and WAN module firmware. The router firmware governs how the Netopia D-Series communicates with your network and the WAN module;...
  • Page 98 Some models do not support all firmware versions. Loading an incorrect firmware version can permanently damage the unit. Do not manually power down or reset the Netopia D-Series while it is automatically resetting or it could be damaged. If you choose to download the firmware, the TFTP Transfer State item will change from Idle to Reading Firmware.
  • Page 99 Reading Config. The TFTP Current Transfer Bytes item will reflect the number of bytes transferred. Using TFTP, you can send a file containing a snapshot of the Netopia D-Series’s current configuration to a TFTP server. The file can then be downloaded by a different Netopia D-Series unit to configure its parameters (see “Downloading configuration files”...
  • Page 100 Send Firmware to Netopia WAN module... WAN module Firmware Status: Firmware updates may be available periodically from Netopia or from a site maintained by your organization’s network administration. The procedure below applies whether you are using the console or the WAN interface module.

  • Page 101: Downloading Configuration Files

    LEDs will blink on and off. Caution! Do not manually power down or reset the Netopia D-Series while it is automatically resetting or it could be damaged. The Netopia D-Series can be configured by downloading a configuration file. The downloaded file reconfigures all of the Netopia D-Series’s parameters.

  • Page 102: Restarting The System

    You can restart the system by selecting the Restart System item in the Utilities & Diagnostics screen. You must restart the system whenever you reconfigure the Netopia D-Series and want the new parameter values to take effect. Under certain circumstances, restarting the system may also clear up system or network malfunctions.
  • Page 104 User’s Reference Guide...

  • Page 105: Configuration Problems

    Note: If you are attempting to modify the IP address or subnet mask from a previous, successful configuration attempt, you will need to clear the IP address or reset your Netopia D-Series to the factory default before reinitiating the configuration process. For further information on resetting your Netopia D-Series to factory default, see “Factory defaults”...
  • Page 106 A-106 User’s Reference Guide Make sure the cable connection from the Netopia D-Series’s console port to the computer being used as a console is securely connected. Make sure the terminal emulation software is accessing the correct port on the computer that’s being used as a console.
  • Page 107 This will reset the unit to factory defaults and you will now be able to reprogram the Netopia D-Series. If you suspect that power was restored after a power outage and the Netopia D-Series is connected to a remote site, you may need to switch the Netopia D-Series off and then back on again. After temporary power outages, a connection that still seems to be up may actually be disconnected.

  • Page 108: Environment

    If you contact us by telephone, please be ready to supply Netopia Technical Support with the information you used to configure the Netopia D-Series. Also, please be at the site of the problem and prepared to reproduce it and to try some troubleshooting steps.
  • Page 109 Netopia Bulletin Board Service: 1 510-865-1321 Product information can be found in the following: Netopia World Wide Web server via http://www.netopia.com Internet via anonymous FTP to ftp.netopia.com/pub This service provides technical notes that answer the most commonly asked questions, and offers solutions for many common problems encountered with Netopia products.
  • Page 110 A-110 User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 111 This table is provided to help you choose subnet numbers and host numbers for IP and MacIP networks that use subnetting for IP addresses. Decimal Binary Decimal 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 10000 10001 10010 10011 10100 10101 10110 Table 1:...
  • Page 112 B-112 User’s Reference Guide Decimal Binary Decimal 10111 11000 11001 11010 11011 11100 11101 11110 11111 Decimal Binary Decimal 10000000 10000001 10000010 10000011 10000100 10000101 10000110 10000111 10001000 10001001 10001010 10001011 10001100 10001101 10001110 10001111 10010000 10010001 Table 1: Binary Decimal Binary 110111...
  • Page 113 Decimal Binary Decimal 10010010 10010011 10010100 10010101 10010110 10010111 10011000 10011001 10011010 10011011 10011100 10011101 10011110 10011111 Table 2: Binary Decimal Binary 10110010 11010010 10110011 11010011 10110100 11010100 10110101 11010101 10110110 11010110 10110111 11010111 10111000 11011000 10111001 11011001 10111010 11011010 10111011 11011011 10111100...
  • Page 114 B-114 User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 115 Further Reading C-115 Alexander, S. & R. Droms, DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions, RFC 2131, Silicon Graphics, Inc., Bucknell University, March 1997. Angell, David. ISDN for Dummies Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1995. Thorough introduction to ISDN for beginners. Apple Computer, Inc.
  • Page 116 C-116 User’s Reference Guide Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J.J. "Loop-Free Routing Using Diffusing Computations." Publication pending in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1993. Garfinkel, Simson. PGP: Pretty Good Privacy Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly & Associates, 1991. A guide to the free data encryption program PGP and the issues surrounding encryption.
  • Page 117 Further Reading C-117 Sidhu, G.S., R.F. Andrews, and A.B. Oppenheimer. Inside AppleTalk, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1990. Siyan, Karanjit. Internet Firewall and Network Security Indianapolis, IN: New Riders Publishing, 1995. Similar to the Chapman and Zwicky book. Smith, Philip.
  • Page 118 C-118 User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 119 BRN/BLK RED/BLK ORG/BLK YEL/BLK GRN/BLK Shield BRAID Technical Specifications and Safety Information D-119 Shield...
  • Page 120 D-120 User’s Reference Guide HD-15 Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 9 Pin 10 Pin 11 Pin 12 Pin 13 Pin 14 Pin 15 V.35 Pin A (not used) Pin B Signal Ground Pin C...
  • Page 121 Technical Specifications and Safety Information D-121 TCP2 TCN2 TCP1 RCP1 (TIP1) RCN1 (RING1) TCN1 RCP2 (TIP2) RCN2 (RING2)
  • Page 122 The Netopia D-Series DSL DSU has met the safety standards (per CSA-950) of the Canadian Standards Association for Canada. The Netopia D-Series DSL DSU has met the safety standards (per UL-1950) of the Underwriters Laboratories for the United States.
  • Page 123 It is the responsibility of users requiring service to report the need for service to our Company or to one of our authorized agents. Service can be obtained at Netopia, Inc., 2470 Mariner Square Loop, Alameda, California, 94501. Important This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of shielded cables and connectors between system components.
  • Page 124 Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak. The Netopia D-Series’s lithium battery is designed to last for the life of the product. The battery is not user-ser- viceable.
  • Page 125 An AppleTalk address always includes a network number wherever two or more AppleTalk networks are connected together by routers. AURP (Apple Update-based Router Protocol): An enhanced AppleTalk routing protocol. AURP provides improved support for AppleTalk over wide area networks (WANs) and tunneling through non-AppleTalk (IP) networks.
  • Page 126 CNA (Calling Number Authentication): A security feature that will reject an incoming call if it does not match the Calling Number field in one of the Netopia ISDN Router’s connection profiles. CND (Calling Number Delivery): Also known as caller ID, a feature that allows the called customer premises equipment (CPE) to receive a calling party’s directory number during the call establishment phase.
  • Page 127 LocalTalk networks are compatible with Phase II but are not extended because a single LocalTalk network cannot have multiple network numbers or multiple zone names. firmware: System software stored in a device’s memory that controls the device. The Netopia ISDN Router’s firmware can be updated.
  • Page 128 (not ISDN) telephone lines. Modem is a contraction of modulator-demodulator. NAT (Network Address Translation): A feature that allows communication between the LAN connected to the Netopia ISDN Router and the Internet using a single IP address, instead of having a separate IP address for each computer on the network.
  • Page 129 Resolves network number conflicts when two or more AppleTalk networks that may have duplicate network numbers are connected together. The Netopia ISDN Router lets you set up a range of network numbers into which remote AppleTalk network numbers are remapped.

  • Page 130: Snmp (Simple Network Management Protocol)

    A physical or logical connection between a router and a network. Where a network only allows the use of one protocol, each physical connection corresponds to one logical router port. An example is the Netopia ISDN Router’s LocalTalk port. Where a network allows the use of several protocols, each physical connection may correspond to several logical router ports—one for each protocol used.
  • Page 131 WANs can span a state, a country, or even the world. WAN IP: In addition to being a router, the Netopia ISDN Router is also an IP address server. There are four protocols it can use to distribute IP addresses over the WAN which include: DHCP, BootP, IPCP, and MacIP. WAN IP is a feature for both the Small Office and Corporate Netopia ISDN Router models.
  • Page 132 132 User’s Reference Guide...
  • Page 133 Numerics 10Base-T 24 10Base-T, connecting 24 advanced configuration features 41 application software 23 back panel 16 ports 17 capabilities 12 community strings 58 configuration troubleshooting PC 105 configuration files downloading with TFTP 98 downloading with XMODEM 101 uploading with TFTP 99 uploading with XMODEM 101 configuration screens protecting 62...

  • Page 134: Network Problems

    60 LED status 52 LEDs 18 MIBs supported 57 navigating Easy Setup 38 NCSA Telnet 38 Netopia connecting to Ethernet, rules 24 monitoring 51 security 61 system utilities and diagnostics 91 network problems 106 network status overview 51 overview 11...

  • Page 135: Technical Support

    PC 105 event histories 54 WAN statistics 53 updating firmware with TFTP 97 with XMODEM 100 updating Netopia’s firmware 97 uploading configuration files 99 with TFTP 99 with XMODEM 101 user accounts 61 utilities and diagnostics 91 event history 55...
  • Page 136 Index-136...
  • Page 137 Netopia warrants to you, the end user, that the Netopia D-Series DSL DSU (the “Product”) will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of one (1) year from date of purchase. Netopia’s entire liability and your sole remedy under this warranty during the warranty period is that Netopia shall, at its sole option, either repair or replace the Product.
  • Page 138 138 User’s Reference Guide...

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