Blizzard Lighting ProPar Seven 4 User Manual page 15

DMX is connected using a daisy-chain configuration where the
source connects to the input of the first device, the output of
the first device connects to the input of the next device, and so
on. The standard allows for up to 32 devices on a single DMX
link.
Each receiving device typically has a means for setting the
"starting channel number" that it will respond to. For example,
if two 6-channel fixtures are used, the first fixture might be set
to start at channel 1 so it would respond to DMX channels 1
through 6, and the next fixture would be set to start at channel
7 so it would respond to channels 7 through 12.
The greatest strength of the DMX communications protocol
is that it is very simple and robust. It involves transmitting
a reset condition (indicating the start of a new "packet"), a
start code, and up to 512 bytes of data. Data packets are
transmitted continuously. As soon as one packet is finished,
another can begin with no delay if desired (usually another
follows within 1 ms). If nothing is changing (i.e. no lamp levels
change) the same data will be sent out over and over again.
This is a great feature of DMX -- if for some reason the data is
not interpreted the first time around, it will be re-sent shortly.
Not all 512 channels need to be output per packet, and in fact,
it is very uncommon to find all 512 used. The fewer channels
are used, the higher the "refresh" rate. It is possible to get
DMX refreshes at around 1000 times per second if only 24
channels are being transmitted. If all 512 channels are being
transmitted, the refresh rate is around 44 times per second.
In summary, since its design and evolution in the 1980's DMX
has become the standard for lighting control. It is flexible,
robust, and scalable, and its ability to control everything from
dimmer packs to moving lights to foggers to lasers makes it an
indispensible tool for any lighting designer or lighting performer.
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ProPAR 7.4 Manual Rev. A Copyright (c) 2012 Blizzard Lighting, LLC