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Bruker TENSOR User Manual

Bruker TENSOR User Manual

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TENSOR
User Manual
I 22200

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  • Page 1 TENSOR User Manual I 22200...
  • Page 2 Brand names, registered trademarks etc. used in this manual, even if not explicitly marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by trademarks law. They are the property of their respective owner. This manual is the original documentation for the FT-IR spectrometers TENSOR 27 and TENSOR 37.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    2 General ..........5 General TENSOR Features ........5 Differences between TENSOR 27 and TENSOR 37 .
  • Page 4 Sample Preparation Techniques ......139 H Service Addresses....... . . 145 TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 5: Safety

    Any non-observance of the precau- tions will infringe the intended use (i.e. performing spectroscopic measurements) of the spectrometer. In this case, Bruker Optik GmbH will not assume any liability. It is the operator’s duty to plan and implement all necessary safety measures and to supervise their observance.

  • Page 6: Warning Labels

    The spectrometer and its components should only be used according to the instructions described in the manual or advised by a Bruker engineer. In case of accessories or components made by other manufacturers and used in connection with the spectrome- ter, Bruker does not assume any liability for safe operation and proper functioning.
  • Page 7 This warning symbol indicates the possible presence of radioactivity. When working with radioactive material, always observe the safety regulations and take all necessary protective measures (e.g. wearing protective cloth- ing, masks gloves etc.). Failure to do so may cause severe personal injury or even death. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 8: Safety Notes

    Note draws your attention to particularly important information on the product, e.g. product operation or to a special part of the manual. The safety instructions Danger, Warning Caution stand out by the corresponding warning labels. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 9: General

    The sample compartment (in case of TENSOR 27) or the sample compartment and the optical bench (in case of TENSOR 37) are purgeable. Purging the spectrometer with dry air or nitrogen gas reduces the content of unwanted atmospheric interferents (e.g.
  • Page 10 G E N E R A L General TENSOR Features The TENSOR spectrometer and the spectroscopy software OPUS are designed for val- idating the spectrometer to ensure that the spectrometer operates within the specifica- tions and delivers reliable measurement results. For this purpose, the spectrometer is equipped with a computer-controlled internal validation unit (IVU) as a standard feature.
  • Page 11 G E N E R A L General TENSOR Features TENSOR coupled to a HTS-XT module TENSOR coupled to a TGA-IR module plus a thermo balance by Netzsch TENSOR coupled to a FT-IR microscope HYPERION Figure 1: Examples possible instrumental setups The optional multiplexer box with four switchable beam outlet ports allows for connect- ing simultaneously external accessories like IR microscope, TGA coupling etc.

  • Page 12: Differences Between Tensor 27 And Tensor 37

    ............TENSOR 27 and TENSOR 37 differ from each other with regard to:...

  • Page 13: Tensor 27 Variants

    ............The following variants of the TENSOR 27 spectrometer are available:...
  • Page 14 G E N E R A L TENSOR 27 Variants TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 15: Installation

    ............Unpacking and initial installation of the TENSOR spectrometer is done by Bruker ser- vice engineers.

  • Page 16: Site Requirements

    T r a n s p o r t a t i o n Due to its substantial weight (ca. 37kg), the TENSOR spectrometer has to be carried by at least two persons. Alternatively, you can also use a fork lifter. When transporting the spectrometer, use the original packaging to avoid damages.
  • Page 17 UPS unit to ensure an uninterruptible power supply and consequently an operation without interruptions. 1. The external power supply unit is certified by UL and TÜV. An approved power supply is required. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 18: Connecting Tensor To Power Supply

    I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to Power Supply C O N N E C T I N G T E N S O R T O P O W E R S U P P L Y .
  • Page 19 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to Power Supply Figure 2: a) Spectrometer Rear Side b) External power supply unit Connections for Power Supply and PC Fig. 2 Component Ethernet port (for connecting the data cable)

  • Page 20: Connecting Tensor To A Pc

    I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to a PC C O N N E C T I N G T E N S O R T O A P C ............
  • Page 21 (A in fig. 2) and to the OPTIC CONNECTOR (fig. 4) at the PC rear side. Note: Only in case you have NOT purchased the computer at Bruker, you have to assign the IP address 10.10.0.2 to the computer to which you want to connect the spectrometer.
  • Page 22 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to a PC V a r i a n t B : C o n n e c t i n g b o t h S p e c t r o m e t e r a n d P C t o a...
  • Page 23 Note: Only in case you have NOT purchased the PC at Bruker, you have to assign the IP address 10.10.0.2 to the network interface card of the computer to which you want to connect the spectrometer.
  • Page 24 The spectrometer and the PC delivered by Bruker are factory-configured for the stand- alone operation, i.e. all network addresses for a stand-alone operation are already assigned. Only in case you did not obtain the PC from Bruker you have to assign the above network addresses to the PC.
  • Page 25 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to a PC A s s i g n i n g N e t w o r k A d d r e s s t o t h e S p e c t r o m e t e r G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n The spectrometer is delivered with the factory-assigned standard IP address 10.10.0.1,...
  • Page 26 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to a PC • Accept the settings by clicking on the Next button. • Activate the radio button Assign a new address to the spectrometer and click on the Next button.
  • Page 27 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to a PC • Enter the MAC address , the new IP address, the subnet mask and the gateway address. After having entered all addresses, click on the Next button.
  • Page 28 LAN of the PC. In case you have not obtained the PC from Bruker, you have to assign the correct network addresses to the network interface card(s) of the PC to which you connect the spectrometer.
  • Page 29 Note: The actual spectrometer IP address depends on your connection variant. Figure 7: Microsoft Internet Explorer displaying the Homepage of the connected TENSOR If the communication fails the Internet browser shows a blank page. In this case, check the spectrometer IP address for correct spelling. If this action does not solve the problem, refer to chapter Troubleshooting, section Problem - Possible Cause - Solution, subsection No communication between spectrometer and computer.

  • Page 30: Connecting Tensor To The Purge Gas Supply Line

    TENSOR 37, both the sample compartment and the optical bench (i.e. interferometer and the detector compartment) can be purged. Consequently; TENSOR 27 has only one purge gas inlet and TENSOR 37 two purge gas inlets. The purge gas inlets are at the spectrometer rear side.
  • Page 31 The lock ring prevents the hose from being pulled out unintentionally. Purge gas inlet for sample compart- ment Purge gas inlet for optical bench Purge gas outlet for optical bench Figure 8: Spectrometer Rear Side - Purge Gas Inlet and Outlet Port (TENSOR 37) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 32 I N S T A L L A T I O N Connecting TENSOR to the Purge Gas Supply Line TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 33: Overview

    Spectrometer display Source/laser compartment Interferometer compartment All spectrometer compartments are accessible by opening or removing the correspond- ing cover. All covers are provided with gaskets to prevent air from entering these com- partments when they are closed. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 34: Spectrometer Display

    Red - Either there is a spectrometer problem (e.g. laser is out of alignment or IR source is defective) or the spectrometer is still in the initialization phase. (Note: After the spec- trometer initialization is completed the indicator turns from red to green.) TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 35: Sample Compartment

    To install a bulky or special accessory in the sample compartment, you can also remove the complete sample compartment cover by unscrewing the knurled thumb screw (A in fig. 12) and pressing the pins (B in fig. 12) to the center as shown in fig. 12. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 36: Ir Beam Outlet Port

    Note: External accessories (e.g. HYPERION microscope) are flange-connected and installed by the Bruker service engineers. If there is not any accessory flange-connected to the TENSOR spectrometer, the IR beam outlet port is obturated by a blind flange. (See fig. 13.) The blind flange is fixed by a bayonet joint.

  • Page 37: Spectrometer Rear Side

    TENSOR 37: 2x Purge gas inlets and 1x outlet TENSOR 27: 1x Purge gas inlet (Note: For detailed information refer to chapter Installation, section Connecting TENSOR to the Purge Gas Supply Line.) Electronics - connector sockets and LEDs (Note: For detailed information refer to appendix E.)

  • Page 38: Tensor 27 - Overview

    ............Figure 15: TENSOR 27 - Internal Components Fig.

  • Page 39: Tensor 37 - Overview

    Desiccant cartridge (in interferometer compartment) Note: In figure 16, the spectrometer components interferometer, aperture wheel and filter wheel are hidden by the cover. The locations of these components inside the spectrometer are identical to TENSOR 27. See figure 15. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 40: Ir Source

    ............TENSOR 27 is provided with only one MIR source (D in fig. 15). The MIR source is a globar (i.e.
  • Page 41 However, should these windows break caused by mechanical impact, be extremely careful. Avoid generating dust. These materials are harmful or toxic if swallowed or inhaled. Also avoid skin and eye contact. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 42: Beamsplitter

    Also avoid skin and eye contact. T E N S O R 3 7 In case of TENSOR 37, the beamsplitter can be exchanged by the user. (See chapter Operation, section Substituting the Beamsplitter. For TENSOR 37, the following beam-...

  • Page 43: Sample Compartment Windows

    In case of TENSOR 27, the sample compartment is equipped with one IR-transparent window that separates the sample compartment from the interferometer compartment. The actual window material (KBr or ZnSe or CsI) depends on your TENSOR 27 variant, (See chapter General, section TENSOR 27 Variants.)

  • Page 44: Laser

    ............TENSOR is equipped with a HeNe laser (laser class 2). This laser emits red light with a wavelength of 633nm.

  • Page 45: Desiccant Cartridge

    O absorptions mask the spectral features of the sample in the spectrum. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the water vapor content in the air inside the spectrometer. TENSOR 27 is equipped with one desiccant cartridge. The cartridge is situated in the interferometer compartment (I in fig. 15).

  • Page 46: Beam Path

    Note: Depending on the position of the switch mirror (F), the IR beam is either directed through the sample compartment (G) or to the IR beam outlet port (D). Sample compartment window G’ Sample compartment window (only incase of TENSOR 37) Sample Detector TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 47: Operation

    (general measurement procedure) • purging the spectrometer • extending the spectral range (Only possible in case of TENSOR 37!) • cooling the MCT detector Specifying the measurement parameters and starting a measurement as well defining and starting a spectrometer validation test (OQ and PQ) are done exclusively using the spectroscopy software OPUS.

  • Page 48: Switching Tensor On Or Off

    O P E R A T I O N Switching TENSOR on or off S W I T C H I N G T E N S O R O N O R O F F ............

  • Page 49: Placing An Accessory In The Sample Compartment

    QuickLock mechanism in the sample compartment. Press the front edge of the accessory base plate downward until it snaps into place. (Hint: To facilitate the insertion of the accessory, press the release lever backwards.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 50 While pushing the QuickLock release lever, lift the front edge of the accessory base plate until the base plate snaps free. Take the accessory carefully out of the QuickLock mechanism to avoid damages to the con- tact strips! TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 51: General Measurement Procedure

    2. OVP - OPUS Validation Program (It is intended for performing spectrometer validation tests like OQ and PQ.) 3. Bruker offers a wide range of accessories designed for special analytical applications. For detailed information about how to perform a measurement with a particular accessory, refer to the User Instructions delivered with the accessory in question.
  • Page 52 For detailed information about the OPUS functions for data acquisition, manipula- tion and evaluation refer to the OPUS Reference Manual. Click on this button to start the background measurement. Click on this button to start the sample mea- surement. Figure 23: OPUS Measurement dialog window TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 53: Purging The Spectrometer

    G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n In case of TENSOR 27, only the sample compartment can be purged, whereas in case of TENSOR 37, both the sample compartment and the optical bench (i.e. interferometer and the detector compartment) can be purged.

  • Page 54: Extending The Spectral Range

    For information about how to substitute these optical components refer to the corresponding sections in this chapter. In case of TENSOR 27, a spectral range extension is not possible. The actual spectral range depends in the spectrometer variant in question. See chapter General, section TENSOR 27 Variants.

  • Page 55: Substituting The Source

    NIR). All sources are pre-aligned, i.e. after the installation, realignment is not required. Figure 24: Available IR sources types (NIR source only for TENSOR 37) S u b s t i t u t i o n P r o c e d u r e Switch off the spectrometer: See chapter Operation, section Switching TENSOR on or off.
  • Page 56 Press here to open/close the source/laser compartment. Figure 25: a) Source/Laser compartment (closed) b) Source/Laser compartment open (TENSOR 37) Remove the source: Loosen the knurled thumb screw of the clamping bar (approximately one turn). (See fig. 25b.) Press the source down- wards while rotating the clamping bar aside.

  • Page 57: Substituting The Beamsplitter

    ............G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n A beamsplitter substitution is possible only with TENSOR 37. The available beamsplit- ters are listed in chapter Overview, section Beamsplitter.
  • Page 58 (operating position) Figure 27: a) Location of the interferometer compartment b) Open interferometer compartment (TENSOR 37) Take out the beamsplitter: Pull the beamsplitter straight upwards without catching an edge. The exchange beamsplitter is either in the storage box which is situated in the source/ laser compartment of the spectrometer (fig.
  • Page 59 Figure 28: a) Source/Laser compartment (closed) b) Beamsplitter storage box (only in case of TENSOR 37) Insert the beamsplitter: Insert the beamsplitter in the holder (operating position) with the electrical contacts facing to the right. (See fig. 27b.) Press the beamsplitter right down.

  • Page 60: Substituting The Detector

    G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n A detector substitution is possible with both TENSOR 27 and TENSOR 37. For TENSOR 27, several optional MCT detectors for measurements in the MIR range but with different spectral ranges are available. See chapter Overview, section Detector.
  • Page 61 Figure 29: a) Top view - Location of the detector compartment MCT detector (optional) DLaTGS detector (standard) Fixing screw of the detector (Allen Screw) Mirror Figure 29: c) Open detector Figure 29: b) Open detector compartment compartment with optional with standard DLaTGS detector MCT detector TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 62: Substituting The Sample Compartment Windows

    (serious) health problems or even death. During normal spectrometer operation according to the instructions, the harmful or toxic window materials do not pose any health risk. However, should such a window break, be extremely careful. Avoid generating dust! TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 63 OPUS. (See the following section Checking the Signal.) Lock ring in the sample compartment wall (for bayonet joint) Window assembly Flange tool Figure 30: Removing / reinstalling the window assembly TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 64: Checking The Signal

    Make sure that the Interferogram option button is activated. (See fig. 31.) The amplitude value indicates the signal intensity that is currently detected. The interferogram indicates that a signal is detected. activated Interfero- gram option button Figure 31: OPUS Dialog Window - Measurement TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 65 1. The supplied OQ test protocol documents the result of a factory-performed OQ test. The test has been per- formed with your spectrometer being optimally adjusted. You will find the OQ test protocol in the Bruker folder supplied with the spectrometer.

  • Page 66: Cooling The Mct Detector

    ............G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n For both TENSOR 27 and TENSOR 37, optional MCT detectors are available. See chapter Overview, section Detector.
  • Page 67 Warning: High nitrogen gas concentrations in an enclosed area can cause asphyxiation! Use liquid nitrogen only in well-ventilated areas. Nitrogen gas is colorless, odorless and tasteless. There- fore, it can not be detected by human senses and will be inhaled as if it were normal air. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 68 Avoid overfilling. In this case the liquid flows out of the filling port. After having filled in sufficient liquid nitrogen, remove the funnel and insert the plug in the filling hole instead. Wait about 20 minutes before starting the measurement to allow the detector to stabilize. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 69: Maintenance And Repair

    Perform only the maintenance and repair works that are described in this manual. Adhere strictly to the described procedures and observe the relevant safety precau- tions. Otherwise, Bruker does not assume any liability if personal injury and/or spec- trometer damage occur. Maintenance and repair works that are not described in this manual should only be performed by Bruker service personnel.

  • Page 70: Replacing The Cartridge And Regenerating The Desiccant

    (fig. 10) lights red. The desiccant car- tridge in the beamsplitter storage box (only in case of TENSOR 37) has its own humidity indicator. (See fig. 35b.) When the field 50 (max. field 60) of the humidity indicator has turned from blue to pink this desiccant cartridge needs to be replaced.
  • Page 71 Figure 35: a) TENSOR 27 b) TENSOR 37 Replacement Procedure of the D e s i c c a n t C a r t r i d g e i n t h e...
  • Page 72 Desiccant cartridge Figure 36: a) TENSOR - Top view b) Open detector compartment Replacement Procedure of the D e s i c c a n t C a r t r i d g e i n t h e...
  • Page 73 Open the source/laser compartment: Press on the spot of the source/ laser compartment cover shown in fig. 38a and turn the cover upwards. Open the beamsplitter storage box: Loosen the knurled thumb screw (fig. 38b) of the beamsplitter storage box and open the box. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 74 Press here to open/close the source/laser compartment. Figure 38: a) Source/Laser compartment (closed) b) Source/Laser compartment open (TENSOR 37) Replace the desiccant cartridge by a new or regenerated one. Close the beamsplitter storage box and fasten the knurled thumb screw (fig. 38b).

  • Page 75: Evacuating A Mct Detector Dewar

    2x flexible metal hose Note: The above listed evacuating equipment is NOT included in the standard delivery scope of the MCT detector. But Bruker offers suitable evacuat- ing equipment (part number S105-V2, D126 and I10290). Alternatively, Bruker also offers the service of evacuating the MCT detector dewar (part number SD128).
  • Page 76 Make sure whether the shut-off valve is closed. Switch on the vacuum pump. Leave the pump running until it has reached its operating temper- ature. Inspect the O-ring inside the adapter (C in fig. 41) for signs of wear. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 77 When the optimal vacuum is achieved, close the dewar evacuation valve by pushing the adapter knob (G in fig. 41) to the closed position. Press the adapter knob firmly to the stop position to ensure that the dewar evacuation valve is sealed air-tightly. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 78 Connection nozzle (without cap) Figure 40: a) MCT detector b) How to hold the MCT detector when oping or closing the dewar evacuation valve TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 79 Figure 41: Adapter - Cross Section Fig. 41 Component Coupling nut O-ring retainer O-ring Threaded rod (to remove the valve closure of the detector dewar) Connecting piece for vacuum pump (OD = 9,7mm) Washer and O-ring packing Adapter knob TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 80: Replacing A Defective Laser

    The laser module is situated in the source/laser compartment. Switch off the spectrometer. (See chapter Operation, section Switching TENSOR on or off.) Interrupt the mains power supply. Unplug the power cable. Open the source/laser compartment: Press on the spot of the source/ laser compartment cover shown in fig.
  • Page 81 Figure 42: a) TENSOR top view b) Open source/laser compartment (TENSOR 37) Remove the laser module: Loosen the Allen screw (A in fig. 43) and rotate the holding plate (B in fig. 43) aside. Take the laser module out of the holder.
  • Page 82 (B in fig. 43) in place and fasten the Allen screw (A in fig. 43). Reinstall the beamsplitter storage box (only in case of TENSOR 37): Insert the beamsplitter storage box in the holder (E in fig. 43).

  • Page 83: Replacing A Defective Source

    Measure menu the Optics Diagnostics function. The Instrument Status window opens. Click on the source icon and then on the Service Info button. The source diagnostics page opens. (See fig. 46.) Click on the Reset button. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 84: Replacing A Damaged Sample Compartment Window

    Contaminations on the window surface can decrease the infrared transparency significantly. Therefore, do not touch the window surface. Because most of the window materials are hygroscopic and/or harmful or toxic we strongly advise you against trying to clean the windows! TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 85 (fig. 48) pointing upwards. Insert the corresponding pins of the flange tool into the holes of the window assem- bly retainer ring and rotate the flange tool counterclockwise. Disassemble the window assembly. Replace the window. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 86: Cleaning

    Do not try to clean a mirror surface! Even the usage of a cleaning cloth especially intended for cleaning optical lenses will irreversibly damage the mirror surface. So in case of a polluted mirror surface, contact the Bruker Service. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 87: Troubleshooting

    (The available diagnostic means are described in the following section.) In addition, there is the possi- bility of a remote fault diagnosis by the Bruker service. See section Fault Diagnosis, subsection Remote Fault Diagnosis.

  • Page 88: Fault Diagnosis

    H u m i d i t y I n d i c a t o r Red - Water vapor concentration inside the spectrometer is too high. Off - Water vapor concentration inside the spectrometer is OK. 1. The terms Interferometer and Scanner are used synonymously. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 89 OVP in order to validate the spectrometer. OVP (OPUS Validation Program) is part of OPUS. The general purpose of these validation tests is to check whether the spectrometer system achieves the specified performance or not. For information about OVP refer to the OPUS Reference Manual. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 90 If a spectrometer component has the status WARNING or ERROR click on the respective icon in the first row of the Instrument Status dialog. The Instrument Status Message dialog opens. (See fig. 51.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 91 The following figures (fig. 52 to fig. 57) show the diagnostics pages of the following spectrometer components: • HeNe-Laser (HeNe-Laser Diagnostics Page) • Source (SCR Diagnostics) • Interferometer (Scanner Diagnostics) • Electronic (Instrument Ready Diagnostics) • Automation (Automation units Diagnostics) • Detector (DTC Diagnostics) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 92 Possible error messages (Note: They are iden- tical to the instrument status messages in OPUS.) Currently installed source type Figure 53: Source diagnostics page TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 93 (Note: They are identical to the in- strument status mes- sages in OPUS.) Current state Parameters that of readiness of define the readi- the parame- ness for mea- ters in ques- surement tion Figure 55: Electronics diagnostics page TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 94 Possible error messages (Note: They are identical to the instrument status messages in OPUS.) Figure 56: Automation diagnostics page Possible error messages (Note: They are identical to the instrument status messages in OPUS.) Figure 57: Detector diagnostics page TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 95 LED lights, measurement is not possible. B and C SR LED (red) and These two LEDs indicate the internal operating state of SG LED (green) the spectrometer communication processor. (The abbreviation SR stands for ’Status Red’ and SG for ’Status Green’.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 96 For more information about the component in question, open the correspond- ing diagnostic page of the spectrometer firmware and try to find a hint for the cause of the spectrometer problem. (See fig. 52 to fig. 57.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 97 ..With OPUS version 6 or higher, it is possible to send the full report by e-mail to Bruker with just the click of a button. Proceed as follows: Click on the OPUS status light.
  • Page 98 See the following figure. (Note: In case of the stand-alone configuration, the default spectrometer IP address is http://10.10.0.1.) The following page appears: Spectrometer IP address Click on Service. The following page appears: TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 99 Save as. Note: Save the full report as *.htm file for sending it as an e-mail attachment. Note: It is highly recommended to save the full report instantly after a spectrometer problem or failure has occurred. Otherwise, important information may be overwritten by newer ones. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 100: Troubleshooting

    If the solutions listed in this section do not elimi- nate your spectrometer fault contact the Bruker service. (For service addresses and telephone numbers refer to appendix H.
  • Page 101 STATUS indicator turns from red to green.) If the laser is the cause of the prob- Blocked laser beam: Contact the Bruker service. (See lem either: appendix H.) • the laser beam is blocked or Improperly installed laser: Check whether the laser rests on the holder bottom in a plane manner.
  • Page 102 See also section Spectrometer problem indicated by an instrument status message in OPUS below in this chap- ter; instrument status messages regarding the automa- tion. If you can not solve the problem contact the Bruker ser- vice. (See appendix H.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 103 To turn the OPUS status light green again click on the Ignore button in the Instrument Status Message dialog (fig. 51). Note: This instrument status message will be repeated in certain intervals until the laser mod- ule has been replaced. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 104 STATUS indicator turns from red to Note: Also other instrument green.) status messages can be dis- played. As in this case there is not a spectrometer problem you can ignore them. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 105 Install the detector. (See chapter Oper- analog board ation, section Substituting the Detec- selected. tor.) No analog board found. If an instrument status message appears which is not listed in the above tables contact the Bruker service. See appendix H. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 106 If LEDs do not light at all, contact the Bruker service. (See appendix H.) O n e v o l t a g e s t a t u s L E D i s o f f...
  • Page 107 (See chapter Operation, section Substituting the Beam- instrument status message BMS door is open. splitter.) Note: In case of TENSOR 27, you can neither inspect visually the Both TENSOR versions beamsplitter nor substitute this component due to the interferometer • The beamsplitter is damaged or design.
  • Page 108 N o c o m m u n i c a t i o n b e t w e e n s p e c t r o m e t e r a n d c o m p u t e r In case of communication problems, the troubleshooting procedure depends on the connection variant. (See chapter Installation, section Connecting TENSOR to a PC.) The direction of the data transfer is indicated by the LEDs RX and TX at the spectrome- ter rear side.
  • Page 109 (See chapter Installation, section Site Require- ments, subsection Power Supply.) Check whether the spectrometer is switched on. (See chapter Operation, section Switching TENSOR on or off.) If these actions do not solve the problem contact the Bruker service. (See appendix H.) D u r i n g t h e c o n n e c t i o n e s t a b l i s h m e n t t h e g r e e n R X L E D l i g h t s b u t t h e y e l l o w T X L E D d o e s n o t .
  • Page 110 (See chapter Operation, section Cooling the MCT Detec- detector temperature is too high. tor.) Thermoelectrically cooled detector: Contact the Note: This problem is indicated by the instru- Bruker service. (See appendix H.) ment status message Detector not ready. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 111 But if you assume that the beamsplitter is the cause of the problem contact the Bruker service. (See appendix H.) TENSOR 37: Order a new beamsplitter and replace it. (See chapter Operation, section Substituting the Beam- splitter.) The laser is defective.
  • Page 112 Bruker service. (See appendix H.) TENSOR 37: Order a new beamsplitter and replace it. (See chapter Operation, section Substituting the Beam- splitter.) Afterwards, repeat the validation test.
  • Page 113 Thermoelectrically cooled detector: Contact the Note: This problem is indicated by the instru- Bruker service. (See appendix H.) ment status message Detector not ready. MCT detector: In the course of time, Evacuate the MCT detector dewar. (See chapter Mainte-...
  • Page 114 For the order number refer to appendix B. TENSOR 27: Note that in case of TENSOR 27, the detector compartment is not equipped with a desiccant cartridge. The water vapor concentration in this compartment can by reduced...

  • Page 115: Specifications

    MIR region surements in the MIR, NIR and FIR region Laser TENSOR 27 is a laser class 1 product TENSOR 37 is a laser class 2 product containing a laser class 2 laser according containing a laser class 2 laser according EN 60825-1/10.2003.
  • Page 116 NH salts Barium Fluoride, 50,000 - 800 1.45 Low water solubility; soluble in acid and NH CAUTION - HARMFUL! Sodium Chloride, 28,000 - 580 1.50 Hygroscopic; slightly soluble in NaCl alcohol and NH TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 117 * 50% value at a window thickness of 4mm Warning: Some window materials are harmful or (very) toxic. Observe the safety instructions on the packaging and the safety data sheets attached. Non-observance may cause serious health problems or even death. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 118 S P E C I F I C A T I O N S TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 119: B Replacement Parts

    ........Order number Replacement part Q328/7 MIR source Q428/7 NIR source (only in case of TENSOR 37) Q101/B Laser module S119/B Desiccant cartridge (2x) F173-1...
  • Page 120 R E P L A C E M E N T P A R T S TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 121: C Measurement Parameters

    Note that the following table lists only the parameter values and set- tings for the standard spectrometer configuration. (Standard spectrometer configuration means that the spectrometer is equipped with a MIR source, the standard KBr beam- splitter, KBr sample compartment windows and the standard DLaTGS detector.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 122 (e.g. A518, reflection unit, grazing incidence 80°: < 1mm). Note: In addition to the 12 default aperture wheel positions, there are four vacant aperture wheel positions which can be equipped with customer-specific apertures, if desired. These optional aperture settings are selectable by direct commands. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 123 OPUS path\XPM. When you load this experiment file in the OPUS Measurement dialog window (see fig. 62) the above listed parameter values and settings are selected automatically. Loaded experiment file Figure 62: Loading an experiment file TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 124 M E A S U R E M E N T P A R A M E T E R S TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 125: D Dimensional Drawings

    ........Figure 63: TENSOR - Isometric View...
  • Page 126 D I M E N S I O N A L D R A W I N G S Figure 64: TENSOR - Top View Figure 65: TENSOR - Top View Showing Sample Compartment Dimensions TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 127 D I M E N S I O N A L D R A W I N G S Figure 66: TENSOR - Right Side View Figure 67: TENSOR - Right Side View Showing Sample Compartment Dimensions TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 128 D I M E N S I O N A L D R A W I N G S TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 129: E Electronics And Power Supply

    The connector panel of the electronics unit at the spectrometer rear side includes cable connections (e.g. Ethernet connection) and LEDs. The LEDs serve for instrument diag- nostics purposes. Each LED indicates a specific operating state (e.g. interferometer mir- ror movement, data transfer). Figure 68: Connector panel of the electronics unit TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 130 This port is used to connect the spectrometer to a PC (Ethernet port) or to a network (Ethernet standard 10/100Base-T). For detailed information refer to chapter Installation, section Connecting TENSOR to a PC. The ETH port is designed for RJ-45 plugs and complies with the 10/100Base-T Ethernet standard. COM1 port...
  • Page 131 In addition, this button can be used to assign an IP address to the spectrometer. Refer to chapter Instal- lation, section Connecting TENSOR to a PC. J and K (green)

  • Page 132: Connector Panel For Power Supply

    Note: A dark power supply LED indicates a major elec- tronics problem. (See chapter Troubleshooting, section Problem - Possible Cause - Solution, subsection Spec- trometer problem indicated by the voltage status LEDs.) TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 133 Low-voltage socket The low-voltage socket is used to connect the low-volt- (male connector) age cable of the external power supply unit to spec- trometer. For detailed information see chapter Installation, sec- tion Connecting TENSOR to Power Supply. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 134 E L E C T R O N I C S A N D P O W E R S U P P L Y Connector Panel for Power Supply TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 135: F Firmware Update

    • initializing the firmware (For service purposes only!), • modifying IP settings (See chapter Installation, section Connecting TENSOR to a PC, subsection Assigning Network Address to the Spectrometer.), • running a custom script (For service purposes only!).

  • Page 136: Updating The Firmware

    IP address you will find it at the spectrometer rear side. In this case, it is the operating company’s duty to inscribe the IP address on the provided label at the spectrometer rear side. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 137 At the end of the update procedure, the FCONF program resets the spectrometer (tell- ing it in the log window: Resetting the spectrometer... done.). After a successful spec- trometer initialization, the firmware version is displayed in the log window. TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 138: Restoring A Previous Firmware Version

    Restoring a previous firmware version is only possible if an update has been performed from that PC before. To restore the previous firmware version, proceed as follows: • Activate the Restore previous firmware option button and click on the Next button. The following window appears: TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 139: Backing Up The Current Firmware Version

    ............To backup the current firmware version, proceed as follows: • Activate the Backup current firmware option button and click on the Next button. • The following backup procedure is identical to the update procedure described above. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 140 F I R M W A R E U P D A T E Backing up the current Firmware Version TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 141: G Sample Preparation

    According to Lambert-Beer Law, the absorbance (i.e. peak intensity) in an absorbance spectrum is directly proportional to the component concentration in the sample, path- length of the sample and the absorptivity. bC TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 142 To find out whether a sample is strongly absorbing in the wavelength range of interest or not you have to acquire a test transmission spectrum. The figure below shows a transmission spectrum of a strongly absorbing sample. Regions of total Absorption Figure 70: Transmission Spectrum of a strongly absorbing Sample TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 143: Sample Preparation Techniques

    2. i.e. IR-transparent within the frequency range of interest 3. A mull is a mixture (more precisely a suspension) of two substances, one of which (i.e. the sample) is finely divided and dispersed in the other (e.g. the paraffin oil Nujol). TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 144 A second variant is to apply the sample solution on an IR-transparent plate and allow the solvent to evaporate leaving a thin sample film on the plate. Then, slot the plate in the sample holder of the spectrometer and start the measurement. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 145 Note that a mull prepared from a coarsely ground solid will yield only a poorly resolved spectrum. Grinding the sample into very fine particles is also important to reduce light scattering and salt plate scratching. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 146 • Add a spatula full of oven-dry KBr material to the ground sample and mix it until a uniform mixture is obtained. Do not grind the mixture as this may increase the absorption of water by KBr. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 147 IR beam several times through the sample using a set of mir- rors positioned on the opposite ends of the cell. Note that the cell thickness, the pres- sure of the gas (proportional to concentration) inside the cell, and the molar absorptivity determine the peak intensity. TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 148 S A M P L E P R E P A R A T I O N Sample Preparation Techniques TENSOR User Manual...

  • Page 149: H Service Addresses

    Bruker Optik has an international network of branch offices and representations to ensure worldwide a competent customer service. Below the addresses of the Bruker headquarters are listed. For a complete list with the addresses and telephone numbers of the Bruker branch offices and representations worldwide refer to the internet: http://www.brukerop- tics.com/offices.html...
  • Page 150 S E R V I C E A D D R E S S E S TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 151 Full report Order number Generating and saving Replacing FWD LED Storage notes 8, 36, 56, 111 Detector Gas cell 36, 37 Cooling method Gateway 90, 8, 9, 36, 37, 57 Diagnostics page Globar 34, 35, 42 Installation position TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 152 Network interface card Handle for opening the cover NIR source Opening Nujol mull In case of TENSOR 27 68, 69 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 105, 127 IP address Assigning to the spectrometer 15, 33, 44, 129 On/off switch...
  • Page 153 Handling instructions Source/laser compartment 115, 39 Order number Opening Refraction index Spectral range 58, 81, 59 Safety notes 8, 50 Extending Transmission range Specifications Spectrometer 82, 18, 19, 17, 14, 26 Cleaning 12, 111 Dimensions Environmental requirements TENSOR User Manual...
  • Page 154 I n d e x TENSOR User Manual...
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