Safety Precautions The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure, and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publication. These precautions must be thoroughly understood and apply to all phases of operation and maintenance. Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating personnel must at all times observe normal safety regulations.
The caution symbol appears on the equipment indicating there is important information in the instruction manual regarding that particular area. NOTE: Calls attention to supplemental information Fuse Replacement Always use the same type and rating of fuse when replacing the fuse. Fuse information can be found in the parts list on page 69.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Caution Statements The following equipment cautions appear in the text whenever the equipment is in danger of damage, and are repeated here for emphasis. CAUTION Never apply RF power to the Model 4391M Wattmeter unless both line section sockets are filled with either an element or a dust plug.
Safety Statements USAGE ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION. EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE. UNITS ARE EQUIPPED WITH RECHAREABLE BATTERIES. THESE ARE TO BE REPLACED BY AUTHORIZED SERVICE PERSONNEL ONLY!!! LAS UNIDADES VIENEN EQUIPADAS CON BATERIAS RECARGABLES.
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PRIMA DI EROGARE CORRENTE, ASSICURARSI CHE IL SELETTORE DI VOLTAGGIO 115/230 V.C.A. SIA REGOLATO CORRETTAMENTE E CHE IL FUSIBLE ADATTO ALLA LINEA DI ALIMENTAZIONE C.A. SIA INSTALLATO. RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT SOCKET - KEEP ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING OPERATION. DE LA TENSION H.F.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst About This Manual This instruction book is arranged so that essential information on safety is contained in the front of the book. Reading the Safety Precautions Section before operating the equipment is strongly advised. The remainder of this manual is divided into Chapters and Sections.
Table of Contents Safety Precautions ......0 Keep Away From Live Circuits ....0 Shock Hazard .
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Measuring Peak Envelope Power ....13 Measuring Amplitude Modulation ....13 Measuring Power in dBm .
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SN 01724 and above......35 Main printed Circuit (PC) Board Reassembly (SN 074100062 and below) or (SN 082700314 to 120801479) Main Printed Circuit (PC) Board Assembly (SN 074100063 to SN 082700313) .
Chapter 1 Introduction The Model 4391M is a multi-purpose Radio Frequency wattmeter designed around a microcomputer. A program stored in permanent memory controls the operation of the instrument at all times, permitting the detection and correction of various error sources and the refinement of the raw data produced by the directional detectors.
At each end of the line section are Bird Quick-Change type RF connectors which may be easily interchanged with any other Bird QC connector. See Bird Catalog for types available. Operating power is derived from either rechargeable nickel-...
Chapter 2 Theory of Operation Figure 2 is a block diagram of the major functional parts of Description of the Model 4391M RF Wattmeter. The Microcomputer Operation integrated circuit shown, controls all the other portions of the instrument, which fall into two major groups. The keyboard and range switches serve only to pass Keyboard, information to the computer.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Each reading output by the display is derived from up to three voltage readings using the circuitry described above. Once these voltages are measured, all remaining operations are performed within the computer chip as follows: The voltages are corrected for error due to dc drift in the analog circuitry.
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Theory of Operation The electrical values of the element circuits are carefully balanced and designed so that current from the reverse wave will cancel the other almost completely. The result is directivity always higher than 25 dB, which means that the element is highly insensitive (nulled) to the REVERSE direction wave.
Chapter 3 Installation The Model 4391M RF Power Analyst is completely portable and very suitable for field or laboratory use. Its power is derived from either rechargeable nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries for SN 074100063 and above, or rechargeable nickel-cadmium (NiCAD) batteries for SN 074100062 and below inside the unit, It can also be powered from a 115/230 VAC power source connected to the unit through the power cord supplied with the unit.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst The Model 4391M contains a short section of rigid 50 ohm Connections coaxial air dielectric transmission line. To make measurements relating to the travelling waves in a coaxial line, that line must be disconnected at some convenient point to permit the Model 4391M air line to be inserted.
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Installation “REFLECTED” and is normally pointed in the direction opposite to forward power flow. The elements are clamped in place by the hold-down catches on the face of the line section. These catches must be used to avoid error due to the element not contacting the bottom or seating plate of the socket.
The Model 4391M arrives at values of CW power by a method quite different from analog meters such as the Model 43, also manufactured by Bird Electronic. While the two instruments will agree when the measured wave is of constant amplitude, AM or SSB waves will result in different indications (in the CW mode).
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst average” the varying signal coming from the element, whereas the Model 4391M uses peak and negative peak detector circuits to measure peak and minimum square root of power and combines them using the equation: ...
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Peak Power – Minimum Power MODULATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Peak Power Minumum Power and is therefore limited to the range of 0 to 99.9 percent. Over-modulation will be indicated as 99.9 percent. Refer to Table 3.
Operating Instructions Figure 11 CW Power in dBm Table 4 Watts / dBm Equivalents Power Power 1 milliwatt 4 watts 10 milliwatts 10 watts 100 milliwatts 20 watts 1 watt 40 watts 2 watts 100 watts The measurement of return loss is the same as that of SWR Measuring except that the result is displayed in dB.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Table 5 Correction Factors Ratio of Elements Added dB Ratio of Added dB Elements –10 100:1 –7 200:1 2.5:1 –6 250:1 –4 400:1 –3 500:1 10:1 1000:1 20:1 2000:1 25:1 2500:1 40:1 4000:1 50:1 5000:1...
Operating Instructions measured quantity is increasing or a left-facing arrow head if it is decreasing. If there is no change, the digit is left blank. To find a peak, begin making the adjustment in whichever direction produces a right-facing arrow and continue slowly in that direction until the arrow head turns around.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst required. To recharge, connect the AC power to the unit. This takes approximately 16 hours. To prolong the life of the batteries, it is recommended that they be allowed to discharge until the decimal points light periodically before recharging.
Chapter 5 Maintenance General The 4391M RF Power Analyst was designed and built to provide many years of trouble free service. This section provides the information needed to prevent and correct equipment failure. Unit Serial Numbering Since the introduction of the 4391M product, there have been two different methods of serializing the instruments.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Preventive Maintenance To avoid unnecessary damage, always observe the following cautions: The RF Power Analyst is a rugged and portable instrument intended for field use. However, it should not be unnecessar- ily exposed to extreme environmental conditions.
Cable Assembly (2 Required) BNC to BNC (1 meter long) DC Feed-in Element (2 required) Bird Electronic 4381-050 V-Verification C-Calibration T-Troubleshooting Refer to Table 6 for the test equipment needed to perform Required the verification test.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst On a clean flat workspace perform the following setup Initial Setup procedure: Plug one DC feed-in adapter into the FWD element socket on the RF Power Analyst and another into the RFL element socket. Attach the BNC “T” adapter to the FWD DC feed-in adapter.
Maintenance Calibration The RF Power Analyst should be calibrated once each year or after any repair. Refer to Table 6 for test equipment needed to calibrate the Required RF Power Analyst. This equipment is available at most Equipment calibration labs. if the exact equipment is not available, a similar item can be substituted with reduced confidence in the results.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Element Wiper Contact Adjustment Occasionally, the element wipers must be adjusted to make a proper connection with the Plug-in Elements. If the wipers are recessed too far, use a small screwdriver to gently adjust them outward. Be careful not to bend them out so far as to interfere with insertion of the elements.
Maintenance Figure 17 Adjust Element Contact In and Out 3. If the contact is accidently moved too far into the element bore, the element will not slide into the socket. Move the contact back into the recessed area and repeat the process. Troubleshooting The troubleshooting instructions are intended to aid in General...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY Inaccurate power RF Power Analyst uncalibrated Recalibrate. readings Defective Plug-in Elements Replace defective elements. Intermittent connection at the Adjust the element wiper element wiper contact. Loose hold down catch Readjust catch to hold element securely in place.
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Maintenance PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY One segment of a Defective Display Replace the display. display does not light All decimal points Low charge on the batteries Recharge the batteries. stay lit Defect on Main PC board Replace the Main circuit assembly.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Disassembly WARNING Be sure that the power cable is unplugged before opening the wattmeter case. The power supply capacitor, C1 or C11 (depending upon model), can retain a dangerous charge that must be removed before touching. Always have another person standing by who is trained in electric shock first aid.
Maintenance Unscrew four pan head screws (Figure 45, item 30) and remove supports (28) and (29). Remove the four lock washers (31). With the front panel removed (Refer to “Front Panel SN 074100063 Removal” on page 28) unscrew four lower phillips oval to SN head screws (Figure 29, item 4) and remove four coun- 082700313...
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Line Section Removal Remove the main printed circuit (PC) board. Refer to “SN (SN 01723 074100062 and below or SN 082700314 to 120801479” on and below) page 28. Unscrew eight pan head screws (Figure 28, item 10).
Maintenance Remove line section assembly from the lower housing. Transformer Refer to Line Section Removal, (SN 01723 and below) or Assembly (SN 01724 and above). Removal (SN Unscrew two pan head screws (Figure 32, item 13) that 074100062 secure the rear panel assembly (16) to the lower hous- and below) ing.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Repair Figure 18 Battery Replacement Repair is limited to replacing defective parts with new ones. Refer to Chapter 5 for a complete list of parts used in the RF Power Analyst. Use of parts not specified in the parts list is not recommended.
Maintenance WARNING For SN 074100063 and above, use only Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries that have a minimum capacity of 4500 milliamper hours (mAh). Do not install batteries that are not Nickel Metal Hydride. Do not install NiMH batteries that have less than 4500 mAh capacity. Failure to comply may result in damage to the batteries, damage to the instrument, and injury to personnel from battery chemicals.
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Reassembly WARNING Use cleaning solvents in a well ventilated area. Avoid excessive inhalation of solvent fumes, since they can be toxic in heavy concentrations. Always wear eye protection and avoid contact with the solvent. CAUTION The RF Power Analyst contains MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) integrated circuits, which may be damaged by static electricity.
Maintenance Install and secure the PC board power supply assembly PC Board to the lower housing using the four screws Figure 34, Power Supply item (17) and lock washers (11). Replacement Carefully connect the power supply wire assembly (item 2) to the back side of the main PCBA (Figure 31, item 7). 120801480 Connect the four wire disconnects to the voltage selector and above)
Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Gently spread apart the sides of the lower housing just far enough to allow installation of the line section assembly (Figure 28, item 4). Secure with four pan head screws (23) and four lock washers (22).
Maintenance ports nearest the line section then tilt the PCB up to expose the under side. CAUTION Internal batteries are connected. Remove one of the battery tubes before soldering wires to the Main PCB. Failure to comply may result in permanent equipment damage and severe shock to individuals.
If you need to return the unit for any reason, contact the Bird Service Center for a return authorization. All instruments returned must be shipped prepaid and to the attention of Bird Service Center.
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Maintenance Figure 19 Power Supply and Main PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 082700313 and below)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 20 Acquisition PCB Schematic Diagram (SN 082700313 and below)
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Maintenance Figure 21 Processor PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 074100063 to SN 082700313)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 22 Microprocessor Auxiliary PC Board (SN 074100063 to SN 082700313)
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Maintenance Figure 23 Power Supply PC Board (SN 074100063 to SN 120801479)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 24 Acquisition PCB Schematic Diagram (SN 082700314 and above)
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Maintenance Figure 25 Processor PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 082700314 to SN 120801479, sheet 1)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 25 Processor PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 082700314 to SN 120801479, sheet 2)
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Maintenance Figure 26 Processor PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 120801480 and above, sheet 1)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 26 Processor PC Board Schematic Diagram (SN 120801480 and above, sheet 2)
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Maintenance Figure 27 Power Supply PC Board (SN 120801480 and above)
5-3/4 lb (2.6 kg) Frequency band and power range is determined by the Plug-in Elements selected. See Bird Catalog for availability. Some modes require two elements in a 10:1 power ratio. † VSWR and return loss functions settle in less than 1 second.
Maintenance Parts List This section contains an illustrated list of all replacement General parts for the 4391M RF power Analyst. Parts are grouped into major assemblies and subassemblies. Illustrations of the RF Power Analyst provided at the end of Parts this chapter show each component part and its relationship Illustrations with the next higher assembly...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Code Name and Address Code Name and Address 27014 National Semiconductor Corp 50434 Avago Technologies U.S. Inc. 2900 Semiconductor Dr 350 W Trimble Rd Santa Clara, CA 95051-0606 San Jopse, CA 95131-1008 80831 American Rivet Co, Inc.
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Maintenance Code Name and Address Code Name and Address 61935 Schurter, Inc FAHD5 ON Semiconductor 447 Aviation Blvd 14 R Paul MESPLE Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1069 P.O. Box 1112 Toulouse, France 31000 64155 Linear Technology Corp 68994 Xilinx Inc 1630 McCarthy Blvd 2100 Logic Dr Milpitas CA, 95035-7417 San Jose, CA 95124-3450...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 28 RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M (SN 074100062 and below) or (SN 082700314 to 120801479) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure 28 RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M 70998 4391-061 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly...
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Maintenance Screw, Machine, No. 8-32 COML 1-4 in. lg, pan head, sst Panel, Assembly 70998 4391-066 Screw, Machine, pan head, No 6-32 COML 5/16 in. lg, sst Lock Washer, Internal Tooth, COML No. 6 sst Cable, Power Cord, 115/230V, Assy 70903 17250 Cord, Power Supply...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 29 RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M (SN 074100063 to SN 082700313, sheet 1)
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Maintenance Figure 30 RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M (SN 074100063 to SN 082700313, sheet 2) Index No. Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure and RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M 70998 4391-061 Figure 30 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly 70998 4391A002 (See Figure 33 for Breakdown)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Lock Washer, External tooth, COML countersunk No. 4 sst PC Board, Assembly 70998 4391A007 (See Table 46 for Breakdown) Cable PC Board, Assembly 70998 5-1531 Connector, QC, F-N, Assembly 70998 4240-062 Screw, Machine, No. 8-32 COML 5/16 in.
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Maintenance Figure 31 RF Power Analyst, Model 4391M (SN 120801480 and above) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code RF Power Analyst, Subassembly 70998 4391B002 ••Power Supply Assembly (part of 4391B002 assembly) Battery, NiMH 1.2 V 3EUW5 5A1230 Line Section Assembly 70998 4391-064...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst #4 Internal Tooth Lockwasher, SS 70998 1132-0105-00 Dust Plug 70998 3610-031-1 Pad, Polyester, Round 70998 5-1948 Label, S/N, Bar Code 70998 5A2593 Instruction Book (Not Shown) 70998 920-4391M...
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Maintenance Figure 32 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly (SN 074100062 and below) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure 32 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly 70998 4391-002 Housing, Assembly 70998 4391-004 Housing, Lower (part of 4391-004 assembly) Foot, Detent (part of 4391-004 assembly) Rivet, Tubular (part of 4391-004 assembly)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Bail, Tilt (part of 4391-004 assembly) Bumper, Foot (part of 4391-004 assembly) Rivet, Tubular (part of 4391-004 assembly) Battery Holder, Assembly (part of 4391-004 assembly) - includes battery tubes Spacer, Battery holder (part of 4391-004 assembly) (not used) Strap, Velcro...
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Maintenance Figure 33 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly (SN 074100063 and above) Index No. Description CAGE Mfg Part No. Qty 1 2 3 Code RF Power Analyst, Subassembly 4391A002 Lock Washer, Ext. tooth, No. 4, sst COML Screw, Machine, pan head, No. 4-40, COML 3/8 in.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Electrical Wire, stranded COML No. 22GA., red vinyl insul. Shrink Tube, 3/16 in. ID, 1/2 in. lg 92194 FIT-221 Shrink Tube, 1/8 in. ID, 1/2 in. lg 9‘2194 FIT-221 Label, Caution 70998 5A2518-3 Housing, Assembly...
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Maintenance Figure 34 RF Power Analyst Subassembly (SN 120801480 and above) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure 33 RF Power Analyst, Subassembly 70998 4391B002 Housing, Assembly 70998 4391A004 Power Supply Assembly 70998 4391B041 #6-32 x 5/16 Phill Pan Head Screws 70998 1116-0513-00 #6 Internal Locking Washer...
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Maintenance Figure 36 Power Supply PCB Assembly (SN 074100063 to SN 120801479) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part No. 1 2 3 Code Figure 36 Power Supply PCB, Subassembly 70998 4391A041 PCB, Power Supply 70998 4391A040 Transformer, VDE (T1) 20462 SPW-2302 Capacitor, Electrolytic, 3300 μF, 20%, 2M734 EEVFK1E332M...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 37 Power Supply PCB Assembly (SN 120801480 and above) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part No. 1 2 3 Code Figure 32 PC Board, Power Supply Assembly 70998 4391B041 Figure 70998 4391A040 70998 4391B043-2 ...
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Maintenance Figure 38 Rear Panel Assembly (SN 074100062 and below) Index No. Description CAGE Mfg Part No. Qty 1 2 3 Code Figure 38 Rear Panel, Assembly 70998 4391-017 Rear Panel 70998 4391-023 Filter, Power Line 05245 1EEA1 Screw, Machine, pan head, COML No.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 39 Rear Panel Assembly (SN 074100063 to 120801479) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part No. 1 2 3 Code Figure 39 Rear Panel, Assembly 70998 4391A017 Rear Panel 70998 4391A023 Fuse, 5 x 22 mm, SLO-BLO, 1/8 amp 75915 218.125...
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Maintenance Figure 40 Rear Panel Assembly (SN 120801480 and above) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part No. 1 2 3 Code Figure 40 Rear Panel, Assembly 70998 4391B017 Rear Panel 70998 4391B023 Fuse, 5 x 22 mm, SLO-BLO, 1/8 amp 75915 218.125 250 volt Fuse Holder, Panel, 5 x 20 mm, Intl.
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 41 Line Section Assembly (SN 01723 and below) Index No. Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure 41A Line Section, Assembly 70998 4391-064 Line Section, Subssembly 70998 4391-065 PC Board, Data Acquisition Assy...
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Maintenance Figure 42 Line Section Assembly (SN 01724 and above) Index No. Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code Figure 41B Line Section, Assembly 70998 4391-064 Line Section, Subssembly 70998 4391-065 PC Board, Data Acquisition Assy 70998 4391-062 (See Figure 43 or Figure 44 for Breakdown) Bead, Keying 70998...
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 43 Data Acquisition PC Board (SN 074100062 and below)
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Maintenance Index Description CAGE Mfg Part 1 2 3 Code PC Board, Data Acquisition 70998 4391-062 Figure 43 PC Board, Subassembly 70998 4391-006 PC Board, Acquisition 70998 4391-010 Pad Mounting 32559 808-187 Spacer, TO-18 Mount 32559 109-045 Capacitor, Ceramic, 150 pF, 10%, 100V 99942 CN15A (C1, C2)
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Bird Model 4391M Power Analyst Figure 44 Data Acquisition PC Board (SN 074100063 and above) Index Description CAGE Mfg Part No. Qty 1 2 3 Code PC Board, Data Acquisition 70998 4391-062 Figure 44 PC Board, Subassembly 70998 4391A006...
Limited Warranty All products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year, unless otherwise specified, from date of shipment and to conform to applicable specifications, drawings, blueprints and/or samples.
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