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INSTRUCTION BOOK OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS RF DIRECTIONAL THRULINE WATTMETER MODEL 4314B Electronic Corporation Cleveland (Solon) Ohio USA Ó Copyright 2000 by Bird Electronic Corporation Instruction Book Part Number 920-4314B Rev. C Thruline ® is a Registered Trademark of Bird Electronic Corporation...
Safety Precautions The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publication. Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating personnel must at all times observe normal safety precautions. Do not replace components inside equipment with the high voltage supply turned on.
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Note: Calls attention to supplemental information. 4314B Warning Statements The following warnings appear in the text where there is danger to operating and maintenance personnel, and are repeated here for emphasis.
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If other than Female N type connectors are used, limit power and frequency to the capabilities of the RF coaxial cable or connectors used. Damage to connectors or errors in reading could result. Model 4314B Safety Statements USAGE ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION.
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EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO. BENUTZUNG WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN. UTILISATION TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE FABRI- CANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PRO- TECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.
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ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SID WARTUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFÜHREN. ENTRENTIEN L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ QUALIFIÉ...
About This Manual This instruction book guides the user through the operation and maintenance of the Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter. This instruction book is arranged so that the essential information about safety is in the front of the book. Reading the Safety Precautions section be- fore operating the equipment is strongly advised.
CW, AM, FM, SSB, TV, and pulse signals only. Description The Model 4314B Thruline Wattmeter is a portable unit contained in a die cast aluminum housing. The unit is equipped with a plastic strap for carrying, four rubber...
115 or 230 Vac line. Additional The only additional equipment required by the Model Equipment 4314B is a Plug-In Element (see table below). Most of them are designed to read both average and peak power. Some are designed exclusively for peak reading applica- tion.
(92.1 x 102 x 178 mm) AC Power requirements (using 115 Vac. ± 10%, 60 Hz adapter) 220 Vac, ± 10%, 50Hz Batteries Two 9 V alkaline Battery Life 20 hours of operation, typically 1 Use only adapter supplied by Bird Electronic Corporation...
Chapter 2 Installation Portability The Model 4314B is a portable instrument; the housing is not designed for fixed mounting. A strap is provided for carrying purposes. CAUTION Do not drop the Thruline Wattmeter or its elements or subject them to hard blows. The microammeter is shock mounted in the wattmeter housing, but its delicate mechanism may be damaged by severe impact.
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In- stall the new connector by reversing this procedure. Insert the Model 4314B Thruline Wattmeter in coaxial transmission lines of 50 ohms nominal impedance. The signal source and load connections can be made to either side of the wattmeter with no difference in effect.
Chapter 3 Theory of Operation Traveling The operation of this wattmeter is based on the travelling Wave wave concept of RF transmission. As RF power is applied Viewpoint to a transmission line, there is a forward wave travelling from the transmitter to the load, and a reflected wave travelling from the load to the transmitter.
Peak Power The Model 4314B is designed to measure peak power in Operation addition to average power. When the toggle switch is placed in peak mode, battery power energizes the ampli- fier system.
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Theory of Operation charged. These amplifiers provide a massive current gain ratio, but unity or slightly less voltage gain. This is ap- plied to meter M to indicate the peak power in the line. A portion of the dc output of amplifiers Q2 and Q3 is fed back to resistor R4 and to amplifier Q1.
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Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Figure 2 Schematic Diagram - Element RF Coaxial Line XMTR LOAD LOAD XMTR Directional Coupling Meter Diode Detector Element DC Contact Circuit Board...
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Theory of Operation Figure 3 Model 4314B Schematic Diagram...
Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Component Description Item Feature Description Meter Indicates in watts the transmission line power flow sensed by a Plug-In Element. Contains three scales which correspond to the full scale ratings of various Plug-In Elements.
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Theory of Operation Figure 4 Component Diagram THRULINE BIRD ELECTRONIC CORP. PN 2080 - 002 F.S. = 30 UA. BATTERY PEAK DANGER RF VOLTAGE KEEP ELEMENT IN LINE SOCKET DURING OPERATION 18V DC 20 mA...
Chapter 4 Operating Instructions Zero Adjust Before taking any readings with the wattmeter, it is nec- Meter essary to zero the meter under no-power conditions. Rotate Plug-In Element so that the arrow points down. Set wattmeter’s controls to ON and CW modes. Using a small screwdriver, turn the meter’s zero adjust screw clockwise or counterclockwise so that the meter pointer aligns with the zero mark on the meter scale.
A load closely matched to 50 ohms resulting in a VSWR of 1.2 or less, will require less than a one percent correc- tion. A good RF load resistor, such as a Bird Termaline Load Resistor, will produce this sort of negligible or un- readable reflected power.
Operating Instructions Determining The Model 4314B Thruline Wattmeter is not designed to VSWR provide direct VSWR readings. In most cases, operators find that the ratio of forward to reflected power is of equal use. However, VSWR readings can be determined...
The standing wave ratio or the reflected-power to forward-power ratio of a line can be determined by termi- nating the line with a good load resistor, such as a Bird Termaline Load Resistor. Proceed as described under de- termining VSWR. Low reflected power may be measured as described above.
Operating Instructions be terminated by a load resistor. The attenuation of the line can be determined by comparing readings made at the two ends. Allowances must be made for normal in- strument error where very small values of attenuation are involved. Some correction may be made by direct rigid connection of the Thruline Wattmeters.
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Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Figure 7 Graph Converting Carrier Power and Peak Power to Percent...
Quick-Change connectors, see Chapter 5 for the replace- ment parts list. When a Model 4314B is used to match a load to a trans- mitter and a good match is obtained, removing the in- strument will not cause any change in the conditions. A...
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Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Note: When using UHF Plug PL-259, the cable length is measured from tip to tip of center pin of plugs. When using other connectors, the cable length is measured from the ends of the outer conduc-...
Shutdown When all measurements are completed, be sure to set the CW/Peak switch to CW mode and the ON/BATTERY switch to the ON position. Leaving the unit in other switch positions will shorten battery life. WARNING Always be sure transmitter power is off before disconnecting the unit from the transmission line.
Use reasonable care in handling. Do not drop or subject the wattmeter or elements to hard blows as accuracy may be impaired or other damage could result. Care and maintenance required for the 4314B Thruline Preventative Maintenance Wattmeter is primarily limited to cleaning. Keeping the...
Inspect wattmeter line section for a damaged or missing latch and pivot pin assembly. Inspect all “QC” connectors for bent, broken, or missing pins. Due to its complexity, field repair of the Model 4314B Trouble- shooting Thruline Wattmeter is recommended only for certain mal- functions.
Maintenance Troubleshooting Guide Problem Possible Cause Remedy No meter indication No radio frequency Turn on transmitter. (CW or PEAK) Check transmitter op- erational conditions, refer to operating in- struction manual of equipment used. Check connections, in- terconnecting cables, and auxiliary in-line equipment.
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Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Erroneous or inaccu- Low battery Depress ON/BATTERY rate selector switch to the BATTERY position. If the battery test indi- cates weak batteries, replace them with new ones. (page 33) Shorted or opened Check connections,...
Maintenance Battery Test The Model 4314B Thruline Wattmeter uses two 9 V alka- line batteries to supply power for the peak circuitry. To test these batteries, set the ON/BATTERY switch to the BATTERY position. The meter pointer should travel to the right of the “BAT.TEST”...
Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Meter Remove the back cover by first unscrewing the four 8-32 Replace- Phillips flat head screws located two on each side of the ment meter housing near the back edge at the top and bottom of the sides.
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Maintenance Figure 10 Meter Replacement...
Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Instrumen- Remove the back as above in meter replacement. The in- tation strumentation module contains the line section and cir- Module cuit board chassis as an integral part. Replace- ment Using a 7/16 wrench, loosen the dress nut on the CW/PEAK switch.
Calibration Zero adjustment of the meter is the only calibration re- quired for the 4314B. This should be done any time the meter pointer is not exactly aligned with the zero mark on the meter scale when no power is being applied. Zero adjustment must also be performed after the meter or in- strumentation module has been replaced.
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Maintenance If the pointer reads a different value for peak reading than for average reading, adjust potentiometer R8 until the two readings coincide. Figure 12 Calibration Potentiometer Calibration Potentiometer Access Hole...
Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter Customer Service Bird Electronic Corporation maintains a complete repair and calibration department at our corporate headquar- ters. This department is set up to provide our customers with the best possible service of Bird equipment.
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Limited Warranty All products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year, unless otherwise spec- ified, from date of shipment and to conform to applicable specifications, draw- ings, blueprints and/or samples.
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Product: Thruline Wattmeter Models: 4314B The undersigned hereby declares, on behalf of Bird Electronic Corporation of Cleveland, Ohio, that the above-referenced product, to which this declaration relates, is in conformity with the provisions of the following standards; · EN 55011:1991 - Emissions: (Class B) ·...
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