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Infineon AIROC CYW43012 Manual

Low-power system design wi-fi & bluetooth combo chip and psoc 6 mcu
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AN227910
Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi &
Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU

About this document

Scope and purpose
AN227910 describes how to use AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU to design a low-
power connectivity solution for Internet of Things (IoT) applications using AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi &
Bluetooth® combo chip.
The technical description in this application note applies to other AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and
PSoC™ 6 MCU.
The 28-nm radio combined with a 40-nm PSoC™ 6 MCU enables an ultra-low-power platform for IoT
applications. This application note provides an overview of low-power modes and features in the AIROC™
CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and describes various techniques such as host offload features to
optimize power consumption in the system, assist with low power assistant (LPA) tool.
Intended audience
This document is intended for anyone using AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU to
design a low-power connectivity solution for IoT applications.
Application note
Please read the sections "Important notice" and "Warnings" at the end of this document
002-27910 Rev. *C
www.infineon.com
2023-05-29

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Summary of Contents for Infineon AIROC CYW43012

  • Page 1: About This Document

    This document is intended for anyone using AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU to design a low-power connectivity solution for IoT applications. Application note Please read the sections “Important notice” and “Warnings” at the end of this document 002-27910 Rev. *C www.infineon.com 2023-05-29...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Table of contents Table of contents About this document ........................1 Table of contents ..........................2 Introduction .......................... 4 Low-power overview ......................5 AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip power modes ............5 PSoC™...
  • Page 3 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Table of contents mtb-example-wlan-offloads ......................... 43 mtb-example-btstack-freertos-cts-client ..................... 47 mtb-example-btstack-freertos-cts-server .................... 53 7.5.1 Power measurement ........................53 Summary ..........................56 References ............................ 57 Revision history..........................58 Disclaimer.............................

  • Page 4: Introduction

    This application note discusses various low-power design techniques along with low-power features offered by the Infineon AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip + PSoC™ 6 MCU platform and how to use them in your application. This application note requires a basic knowledge of the AIROC™ CYW43xxx Wi-Fi & Bluetooth®...

  • Page 5: Low-Power Overview

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low-power overview Low-power overview AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip power modes AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip has been designed with the stringent power consumption requirements of battery-powered IoT devices in mind.

  • Page 6: Psoc™ 6 Mcu Power Modes

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low-power overview PSoC™ 6 MCU power modes PSoC™ 6 MCU features seven power modes split into system modes that affect the whole device and standard Arm® CPU modes that affect only one CPU. The system power modes are Low-Power (LP), Ultra-Low-Power (ULP), Deep Sleep, and Hibernate.

  • Page 7: Airoc™ Cyw43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® Combo Chip Power-Related Hardware Signals

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low-power overview AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip power-related hardware signals AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip has six hardware signals that provide the power control interface to the host (PSoC™...

  • Page 8: Power Mode Transition

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low-power overview Power mode transition CYW43012 PSoC WL_REG_ON BT_REG_ON Reset Reset SDIO (Wi-Fi) WL_HOST_WAKE Active Active BT_DEV_WAKE BT_HOST_WAKE Deep Sleep Sleep/Deep (DS0) Sleep UART (BT) LEGEND: Power down events Reset events Peripheral interrupts/...
  • Page 9 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low-power overview Transition Description Trigger AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & External events transition AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip reset Bluetooth® combo chip out of reset; either BT_REG_ON or to active transition WL_REG_ON pulled HIGH by PSoC™...

  • Page 10: Wlan Power Optimization Techniques

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques WLAN power optimization techniques IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) power saving Topics in this section are partly based on information contained in IEEE 802.11 specification document.

  • Page 11: Power Saving Methods

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Increasing the DTIM allows stations to conserve power more effectively at the cost of buffer space in the AP and delays in the reception of multicast and broadcast frames by all stations, including stations in active mode. It should be noted that the listen interval is recommended to be equal to (or less than) the DTIM period for the STA to receive all unicast, multicast, and broadcast packets.

  • Page 12: Power Save Poll

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques 3.1.4.1 Power save poll Power save poll suits for STAs that primarily transmit data to the Wi-Fi network at low-duty cycles. The PS-poll mechanism works as follows: 1.

  • Page 13: Association Timeout Limit

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques TIM with data for DTIM = 3 STA1 Beacon with DTIM STA1 Slave listening to Beacon @ DTIM interval (With PS without Poll) Data for STA1 Null frame from STA1...
  • Page 14 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques WHD API Description Enables 802.11 PS-non-poll mode in the device (see 802.11 whd_wifi_enable_powersave_with_t hroughput() power save without poll). Use this mode when it is important to maintain throughput.
  • Page 15 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Code Listing 1 Example: Power save handler using WHD APIs in ModusToolbox™ ERR_INFO(("Failed to get AP info.\n")); /* Configure power-save mode of the WLAN device.*/ switch (mode) case POWERSAVE_WITHOUT_THROUGHPUT: result = whd_wifi_enable_powersave(ifp);...

  • Page 16: Cyclic Timers In Network Stack

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Code Listing 1 Example: Power save handler using WHD APIs in ModusToolbox™ else ERR_INFO(("Wi-Fi interface is not powered on. Failed to configure power- save mode\n"));...

  • Page 17: Host Offloads To Wlan Device

    The following sections describe offloads supported by AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip. The offloads can be enabled using the Infineon low power assistant middleware. Using the LPA middleware in ModusToolbox™ is explained in Low power assistant (LPA).

  • Page 18: Packet Filter Offload

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Because ARP request and response packets are a common activity in any WLAN network, the host device usually gets flooded by many requests; the host needs to remain active to respond to such requests, especially in a crowded network.
  • Page 19 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques You want to keep the host processor involvement to a minimum by filtering and passing only the wanted • traffic to it. Filters can be configured to be active either when the host processor is active or asleep (or both).

  • Page 20: Network Layer Or Ethertype Filter

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Note: In the AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip, the number of discard packet filter offload is limited to one, i.e., only one discard packet filter can be enabled in the design; enabling more than one discard filter will let all packets to pass through (no filter).

  • Page 21: Tcp Keepalive Offload

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques 3.3.3 TCP keepalive offload TCP keepalive packets, as the name suggests, are used to keep an established TCP/IP connection between two hosts active. These are empty TCP packets that are transmitted at a periodic rate, typically 45 or 60 seconds, by a host.
  • Page 22 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU WLAN power optimization techniques Figure 9 TCP activity when TCP keepalive offload is enabled Application note 002-27910 Rev. *C 2023-05-29...

  • Page 23: Bluetooth® Power Optimization Techniques

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Bluetooth® power optimization techniques Bluetooth® power optimization techniques AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip supports a Bluetooth® 5.0 BR/EDR/Bluetooth® LE radio. This section describes the power optimization techniques. Common operations related to power consumption in a Bluetooth®...

  • Page 24: Connection Events

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Bluetooth® power optimization techniques Connection events 4.2.1 Connection interval The connection interval for a Bluetooth® LE link is set by the Central device when a connection is created with the Peripheral device.
  • Page 25 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Bluetooth® power optimization techniques Figure 11 Advertisement settings in Bluetooth® Configurator Figure 12 Scan settings in Bluetooth® Configurator Application note 002-27910 Rev. *C 2023-05-29...

  • Page 26: Psoc™ 6 Mcu Power Optimization Techniques

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU PSoC™ 6 MCU power optimization techniques PSoC™ 6 MCU power optimization techniques Core voltage and operating frequency PSoC™ 6 MCU supports two core regulators – LDO or Buck – either of which can be used to power the CPU core. In addition, the system supports two active power modes –...
  • Page 27 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU PSoC™ 6 MCU power optimization techniques Do the following to disable an unused SRAM block in the code: Find out the SRAM consumed by the application. CPU Stack statistics and other memory analyzer tools supported in the platforms can be used to determine memory usage.

  • Page 28: Rtos Tickless Mode

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU PSoC™ 6 MCU power optimization techniques RTOS tickless mode All RTOS requires a clock or a "tick" for timing and managing tasks. These ticks are usually small RTOS kernel tasks that wake up periodically and update the RTOS tick count used by delays, timeouts, and other timing- related tasks.

  • Page 29: Low Power Assistant (Lpa)

    Low power assistant (LPA) Low power assistant (LPA) The Infineon low power assistant (LPA) allows configuring PSoC™ 6 MCU host and WLAN (Wi-Fi/Bluetooth® radio) devices to provide low-power features. Key highlights of the LPA include the following: Self-aware firmware that detects configurations automatically and enables appropriate low-power features •...
  • Page 30 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Figure 13 PSoC™ 6 MCU LPA configurations in design.modus Figure 14 Wi-Fi/Bluetooth® LPA configuration in design.modus Application note 002-27910 Rev. *C 2023-05-29...
  • Page 31 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Table 7 Guidelines for LPA configuration Parameter Description Recommended configuration PSoC™ 6 MCU (Host) System active power Selects the power mode the core operates in Table mode when active –...

  • Page 32: Using Lpa In Modustoolbox™ Software

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Parameter Description Recommended configuration ARP offload Enables ARP offload feature Enabled ARP offload features Selects the functionality of ARP offload Peer Auto Reply is sufficient for most use cases.
  • Page 33 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Figure 15 No 'device support library' path found error 5. Back up the existing design.modus file if required. Open design.modus and configure the LPA as explained in LPA configuration.
  • Page 34 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Parameter Configuration Comment Packet filters Enable the Add Minimal Ensures that the device can connect to a Wi-Fi AP and Set of Keep Filters obtain an IP address option Enable MQTT TLS filter...
  • Page 35 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Low power assistant (LPA) Figure 17 CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 clock setup for low power 8. Select File > Save to save the configuration. 9. Build and program the example from the Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox™ software. A list of LPA examples available in ModusToolbox™...

  • Page 36: Power Measurement Using Cy8Ckit-062S2-43012

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Hardware setup For power measurement, you should use a power analyzer such as N6705B from Keysight because it gives insights on power transitions and a better estimate of power saving achieved using offloads.

  • Page 37: Mtb-Example-Wifi-Wlan-Lowpower

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 19 Power measurement setup using N6705B power analyzer from Keysight mtb-example-wifi-wlan-lowpower This section describes power measurement in CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 with the mtb-example-wifi-wlan- lowpower code example.
  • Page 38 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 20 Connect to AP and suspend the network stack Figure 21 Deep Sleep current measurement values 4. Monitor the power consumption at P6.VDD and VBAT. Figure 22 shows the power consumption of both PSoC™...
  • Page 39 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 22 shows a measurement taken in an open environment and therefore shows slightly higher consumption than the values provided in the datasheet (shielded environment). Figure 22 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption (associated, DTIM = 1, 2.4 GHz) Figure 23...
  • Page 40 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 24 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption (associated, DTIM = 2, 2.4 GHz) Figure 25 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption (associated, DTIM = 2, 5 GHz) Application note 002-27910 Rev.
  • Page 41 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 26 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption (associated, DTIM = 3, 2.4 GHz) Figure 27 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption (associated, DTIM = 3, 5 GHz) Application note 002-27910 Rev.
  • Page 42 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 5. Open a command prompt and ping the IP address displayed on the serial terminal: ping <IP address> The network stack is resumed. The device displays the Deep Sleep and Wi-Fi SDIO bus statistics on the terminal.

  • Page 43: Mtb-Example-Wlan-Offloads

    This code example demonstrates various WLAN offloads such as Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) offload, packet filter offload, and the TCP keepalive offload functionality offered by Infineon AIROC™ Wi-Fi devices using PSoC™ 6 MCU. The WLAN Offload functionalities allow the WLAN device to handle incoming TCP keepalive, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), and packet filter packets from the network on its own so that the PSoC™...
  • Page 44 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 30 Test network setup 4. To realize the capability of WLAN offloads and their impact on the host MCU in terms of power savings, the current measurement has been done by considering the following cases.
  • Page 45 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 31 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption during ping activity Table 11 Case 1: Power consumption PSoC™ 6 MCU current CYW43012 Wi-Fi current PSoC™ 6 MCU + CYW43012 Wi-Fi current 27 uA 270 uA 297 uA...
  • Page 46 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 32 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption during ping activity Table 12 Case 2: Power consumption PSoC™ 6 MCU current CYW43012 Wi-Fi current PSoC™ 6 MCU + CYW43012 Wi-Fi current 66 uA 634 uA 700 uA...

  • Page 47: Mtb-Example-Btstack-Freertos-Cts-Client

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 33 CY8CKIT-062S-43012 power consumption during ping activity Table 13 Case 3: Power consumption PSoC™ 6 MCU current CYW43012 Wi-Fi current PSoC™ 6 MCU + CYW43012 Wi-Fi current 117 uA 1229 uA 1346 uA...
  • Page 48 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 34 Current consumption during high-duty advertisement After 60 seconds, the device will switch to the low-duty advertisement with an interval of 1.28 s. You can see the yellow pulses which indicate that the AIROC™...
  • Page 49 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 35 Current consumption during low-duty advertisement From the graph, it may seem that the current in the low-duty advertisement period has a higher peak. This is because the device is in sleep mode and needs to wake up for every advertisement event.
  • Page 50 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 36 Current consumption with connection interval of 10 ms Figure 37 Current consumption with connection interval of 50 ms Application note 002-27910 Rev.
  • Page 51 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 38 Current consumption with connection interval of 500 ms Application note 002-27910 Rev. *C 2023-05-29...
  • Page 52 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 39 Current consumption with connection interval of 1000 ms Table 14 Typical current values for mtb-example-btstack-freertos-cts-client Bluetooth® state Setting Device CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 High-duty advertisement ADV interval: 30 ms PSoC™...

  • Page 53: Mtb-Example-Btstack-Freertos-Cts-Server

    Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 mtb-example-btstack-freertos-cts-server This section describes power measurement in CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 with the mtb-example-btstack-freertos- cts-server code example. This example allows you to measure the current while the device is scanning in high- duty and in low-duty.
  • Page 54 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 40 Current consumption during high-duty scanning Application note 002-27910 Rev. *C 2023-05-29...
  • Page 55 Low-power system design with AIROC™ Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and PSoC™ 6 MCU Power measurement using CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Figure 41 Current consumption during low-duty scanning Table 15 Typical current values for mtb-example-btstack-freertos-cts-server Bluetooth® state Setting Device CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 High duty scanning Scan interval: 120 ms PSoC™...

  • Page 56: Summary

    PSoC™ 6 MCU and AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip provide an industry-leading low-power IoT platform that provides many power management options. The Infineon Low power assistant middleware enables adding the low-power operation to your IoT design with ease. By following proper methods and design techniques, you can optimize your system for the lowest possible power consumption without degrading performance.

  • Page 57: References

    PSoC™ 6 MCU References References For a comprehensive list of PSoC™ 6 MCU resources, see KBA223067 in the Infineon community. Application notes AN221774 – Getting started with PSoC™ 6 MCU AN218241 – PSoC™ 6 MCU hardware design considerations AN219528 –...

  • Page 58: Revision History

    Date Description of changes revision 2019-12-06 Initial release 2021-02-24 Updated in Infineon template 2021-09-22 Added content on TCP keepalive offload, Bluetooth® LE low power features, and instructions on using LPA in AWS IoT and FreeRTOS, and ModusToolbox™ software 2023-05-29 Removed MBedOS information Application note 002-27910 Rev.

  • Page 59: Disclaimer

    Infineon Technologies hereby Infineon Technologies’ products may not be used in disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any applications where a failure of the product or any any kind (including without limitation warranties of © 2023 Infineon Technologies AG.

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