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Arcteq AQ-F205 Instruction Manual

Feeder protection device
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AQ-F205
Feeder protection device
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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-F205

  • Page 1 AQ-F205 Feeder protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3.9 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 52 4 Functions unctions ...................................................... 55 4.1 Functions included in AQ-F205.................... 55 4.2 Measurements........................57 4.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................57 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................72 4.2.3 Power and energy calculation ..................86 4.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling .................
  • Page 3 6 Connections and applic 6 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................385 6.1 Connections of AQ-F205 ....................385 6.2 Application example and its connections................385 6.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............386 6.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................387...
  • Page 4 8.3 Tests and environmental ....................435 9 Or 9 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ..............................................438 10 Contact and r 10 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................439 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 5 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.

  • Page 6: Document Inf

    - Complete rewrite of every chapter. Changes - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Order codes revised. Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 7 - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Improved and updated device user interface display images. - AQ-F205 Functions included list Added: Voltage memory, indicator objects, programmable control switch, measurement recorder. - Added "32N" ANSI code to directional earth fault protection modes "unearthed" and "petersen coil grounded".
  • Page 8 Revision 2.09 Date 14.3.2023 - Updated the Arcteq logo on the cover page and refined the manual's visual look. - Added the "Safety information" chapter and changed the notes throughout the document accordingly. - Changed the "IED user interface" chapter's title to "Device user interface" and replaced all 'IED' terms with 'device' or 'unit'.

  • Page 9: Version 1 Revision Notes

    1.2 Version 1 revision notes Table. 1.2 - 2. Version 1 revision notes Revision 1.00 Date 8.4.2013 Changes • The first revision for AQ-F205. Revision 1.01 Date 22.11.2013 • Application example for ARON input connection added. • Application example for trip circuit supervision added.

  • Page 10: Safety Information

    W W ARNING! ARNING! "Warning" messages indicate a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could could result in death or serious personal injury as well as serious damage to equipment/property. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 11: Abbreviations

    DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DI – Digital input DO – Digital output DOL – Direct-on-line DR – Disturbance recorder DT – Definite time FF – Fundamental frequency FFT – Fast Fourier transform FTP – File Transfer Protocol © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 12 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 13: General

    The AQ-F205 feeder protection device is a member of the AQ 200 product line. However, while the hardware and the software are modular in the AQ 200 product line, AQ-F205 is provided as a fixed feeder protection device with a factory set of I/O and functionality. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-F205 feeder protection device.

  • Page 14: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    5. Eight (8) buttons for device local programming: the four navigation arrows and the E E nt nter er button in the middle, as well as the Home Home, the Back Back and the password activation buttons. 6. One (1) RJ-45 Ethernet port for device configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 15: Mimic And Main Menu

    LEDs you have set. The password activation button (with the padlock icon ) takes you to the password menu where you can enter the passwords for the various user levels (User, Operator, Configurator, and Super-user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 16: Navigation In The Main Configuration Menus

    The General main menu is divided into two submenus: the Device info tab presents the information of the device, while the Function comments tab allows you to view all comments you have added to the functions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 17 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.3 - 4. General menu structure. Device info Figure. 3.3 - 5. Device info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 18 Displays the UTC time used by the unit UTC time without time zone corrections. • - Clears the event history recorded in Clear events • - • Clear the device. LCD Contrast 0…255 Changes the contrast of the LCD display. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 19 Monitor profile Function comments Function comments displays notes of each function that has been activated in the Protection, Control and Monitoring menu. Function notes can be edited by the user. Figure. 3.3 - 6. Function comments. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 20: Protection Menu

    The Protection main menu includes the Stage activation submenu as well as the submenus for all the various protection functions, categorized under the following modules: "Arc protection", "Current", "Voltage", "Frequency", "Sequence" and "Supporting" (see the image below). The available functions depend on the device type in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 21 For example, the I> (overcurrent) protection stage can be found in the "Current" module, whereas the U< (undervoltage) protection stage can be found in the "Voltage" module. Figure. 3.4 - 9. Submenus for Stage activation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 22 Figure. 3.4 - 10. Accessing the submenu of an individual activated stage. Each protection stage and supporting function has five sections in their stage submenus: "Info", "Settings", " Registers", "I/O" and "Events". Figure. 3.4 - 11. Info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 23 Voltage and current transformers nominal values can be set at Measurement → Transformers . • Delay type and operating time delay settings are described in detail in General properties of a protection function chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 24 Data included in the register depend on the protection function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 25 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs • logical inputs or outputs • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 26: Control Menu

    , for configuring the objects ( Objects) , for setting the various control functions ( Control functions) , and for configuring the inputs and outputs ( Device I/O) . The available control functions depend on the model of the device in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 27 • F F or orce se ce set t ting gr ting group change oup change: this setting allows the activation of a setting group at will (please note that Force SG change enable must be "Enabled"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 28 Each activated object is visible in the Objects submenu. By default all objects are disabled unless specifically activated in the Controls → Controls enabled submenu. Each active object has four sections in their submenus: "Settings", "Application control" ("App contr"), "Registers" and "Events". These are described in further detail below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 29 A request is considered to have failed when the object does not change its status as a result of that request. • C C lear sta lear statistics tistics: statistics can be cleared by choosing "Clear statistics" and then "Clear". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 30 By default, the access level is set to "Configurator". • You can use digital inputs to control the object locally or remotely. Remote controlling via the bus is configured on the protocol level. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 31 Object blocking is done in the "Blocking input control" subsection. It can be done by any of the following: digital inputs, logical inputs or outputs, object status information as well as stage starts, trips or blocks. Figure. 3.5 - 23. Registers section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 32 In the image series below, the user has activated three control functions. The user accesses the list of activated control stages through the "Control functions" module, and selects the control function for further inspection. Figure. 3.5 - 25. Control functions submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 33 While the function is activated and disabled in the Control → Controls enabled submenu, you can disable the function through the "Info" section (the [function name] mode at the top of the section). Figure. 3.5 - 27. Settings section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 34 Data included in the register depend on the control function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 35 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs. • logical inputs or outputs. • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage. • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 36 Mimic Indicator", "Logic signals" and "GOOSE matrix". Please note that digital inputs, logic outputs, protection stage status signals (START, TRIP, BLOCKED, etc.) as well as object status signals can be connected to an output relay or to LEDs in the "Device I/O matrix" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 37 "Event masks" subsection you can determine which events are masked –and therefore recorded into the event history– and which are not. Figure. 3.5 - 33. Digital outputs section. All settings related to digital outputs can be found in the "Digital outputs" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 38 LED quick displays and the matrices. You can also modify the color of the LED ("LED color settings") between green and yellow; by default all LEDs are green. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 39 These signals can be used in a variety of situations, such as for controlling the logic program, for function blocking, etc. You can name each switch and set the access level to determine who can control the switch. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 40 Logical output signals can be used as the end result of a logic that has been built in the AQtivate 200 setting tool. The end result can then be connected to a digital output or a LED in the matrix, block functions and much more. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 41: Communication Menu

    Connecting to AQtivate requires knowing the IP address of your device: this can be found in the Communication → Connections submenu. As a standard, the devices support the following communication protocols: • NTP • Modbus/TCP • Modbus/RTU • IEC-103 • IEC -101/104 • SPA • DNP3 • ModbusIO. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 42 When communicating with a device via the front Ethernet port connection, the IP address is always 192.168.66.9. SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 and SERIAL COM2 are reserved for serial communication option cards. They have the same settings as the RS-485 port. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 43 • DNP3: supports both serial and Ethernet communication. • ModbusIO: used for connecting external devices like ADAM RTD measurement units. NOTICE! TICE! Please refer to the "Communication" chapter for a more detailed text on the various communication options. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 44: Measurement Menu

    Transformers menu is used for setting up the measurement settings of available current transformer modules or voltage transformer modules. Some unit types have more than one CT or VT module. Some unit types like AQ-S214 do not have current or voltage transformers at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 45 U4 channel can be set to work as residual voltage mode or "SS" (system set) mode, which can be used for synchrochecking, synchronizing and other uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 46 Ref1, fRef2 and fRef3. With these parameters it is possible to set up three voltage or current channels to be used for frequency sampling. Parameter "f.meas in use" indicates which of the three channels are used for sampling if any. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 47 (IL1, IL2, IL3) as well as the two residual currents (I01, I02); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary amperages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 48 • "Harmonics" displays harmonics up to the 31 harmonic for all four voltages (U1, U2, U3, U4); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary voltages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 49 "Energy measurements" displays the three-phase energy as well as the energies of the individual phases. Impedance calculations Figure. 3.7 - 50. Impedance calculations submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 50: Monitoring Menu

    ( Disturbance REC ) and accessing the device diagnostics ( Device diagnostics ). The available monitoring functions depend on the type of the device in use. Figure. 3.8 - 52. Monitoring menu view. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 51 Configuring monitor functions is very similar to configuring protection and control stages. They, too, have the five sections that display information ("Info"), set the parameters ("Settings"), show the inputs and outputs ("I/O") and present the events and registers ("Events" and "Registers"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 52 • "Pretriggering time" can be selected between 0.1…15.0 s. • The device can record up to 20 (20) analog channels that can be selected from the twenty (20) available channels. Every measured current or voltage signal can be selected to be recorded. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 53: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    L L ock ock button in the device's HMI and set the desired passwords for the different user levels. NOTICE! TICE! Passwords can only be set locally in an HMI. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 54 As mentioned above, the access level of the different user levels is indicated by the number of stars. The required access level to change a parameter is indicated with a star (*) symbol if such is required. As a general rule the access levels are divided as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 55 • Super user: Can change any setting and can operate breakers and other equipment. NOTICE! TICE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 56: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-F205 The AQ-F205 feeder protection device includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 4.1 - 4. Protection functions of AQ-F205. Name (number...
  • Page 57 OPW (1) P> Overpower protection UPW (1) P< Underpower protection RPW (1) Reverse power protection Table. 4.1 - 5. Control functions of AQ-F205. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (5 objects available) Indicator object monitoring (5 indicators available)

  • Page 58: Measurements

    The current measurements are updated every 5 milliseconds. The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions. It is essential to understand the concept of current measurements to be able to get correct measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 59 For the measurements to be correct the user needs to ensure that the measurement signals are connected to the correct inputs, that the current direction is connected to the correct polarity, and that the scaling is set according to the nominal values of the current transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 60 The following figure presents how CTs are connected to the device's measurement inputs. It also shows example CT ratings and nominal current of the load. Figure. 4.2.1 - 58. Connections. The following table presents the initial data of the connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 61 (in this case they are the set primary and secondary currents of the CT). If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 62 The ring core CT is connected to the CTM directly, which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings: the "I02 CT" settings are set according to the ring core CT's ratings (10/1 A). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 63 As the images above show, the scaling selection does not affect how primary and secondary currents are displayed (as actual values). The only effect is that the per-unit system in the device is scaled either to the CT nominal or to the object nominal, making the settings input straightforward. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 64 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the device. phases./ The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 65 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 66 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 67 • Invert connector 6, with the secondary currents' starpoint pointing towards the line. A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is CT scaling the ratio between the primary current and the factor P/S secondary current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 68 9 to connector A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the scaling ratio between the primary current and the secondary factor P/S current. Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured current channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 69 TRMS Sec") Table. 4.2.1 - 14. Phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase angle The phase angle measurement from each of the three phase 0.00…360.00 0.01 ("Pha.angle current inputs. ILx") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 70 I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") Secondary residual The secondary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 current I0x TRMS 0.00…300.00 0.01 measurement from the secondary residual current channel (Res.curr.I0x TRMS I01 or I02. Sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 71 Secondary positive sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Positive sequence positive sequence current. curr.") Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence negative sequence current. curr") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 72 Displays the selected harmonic from the current input ILx or 0.01 ...31 000.00 I0x. harmonic) Ixx Amplitude % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Amplitude ratio THD voltage. Recognized by IEC. Ixx Power THD % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Power ratio THD voltage. Recognized by the IEEE. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 73: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 74 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 75 In the image below is an example of 2LL+U0+SS, that is, two line-to-line measurements with the zero sequence voltage and voltage from side 2 for Synchrocheck. Since U0 is available, line-to-neutral voltages can be calculated. Figure. 4.2.2 - 71. 2LL+U0+SS settings and connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 76 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the device. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 77 Measured • Neutral Example with scaling 20000/100 for Uo and injection 10V delta from point secondary: • Open delta • Broken delta: 1155V (10%) • Neutral point: 2000 V (17.34%) • Open delta: 667V (5.78%) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 78 U4 Res/SS VT 1.0…1 000 The primary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS 0.1V primary 000.0V 000.0V U4 Res/SS VT The secondary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS 0.2…400.0V 0.1V 100.0V secondary © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 79 This setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. U4 scaling A feedback value for channel U4; the scaling factor for the secondary voltage's per-unit value. factor p.u. Sec This setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 80 ("Pos.seq.Volt.p.u.") Negative sequence The measurement (in p.u.) from the calculated negative voltage 0.00…500.00xU 0.01xU sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.p.u.") Zero sequence The measurement (in p.u.) from the calculated zero 0.00…500.00xU 0.01xU voltage sequence voltage. ("Zero.seq.Volt.p.u.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 81 Description System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary line-to-line UL12 voltage fundamental frequency component UL12 0.01V (measured or calculated). You can also select the row where the unit for this is ("System 000.00V volt UL12 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 82 (SS). This magnitude is displayed only when the "2LL+U3+U4" mode 0.01V is selected and both U3 and U4 are in use. You can also select the row where ("System 000.00V the unit for this is kV. volt U3 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 83 UL3 0.00…360.00° 0.01° The primary line-to-neutral angle UL3 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL3 ang") System voltage angle U0 0.00…360.00° 0.01° The primary zero sequence angle U0 (measured or calculated). ("System volt U0 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 84 The determination is made by comparing the angle between the operating quantity (zone/tripping area) and the actual measured quantity. The function then produces an output when the required terms are met. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 85 Healthy state angles (before a fault) are used during a fault. This is why a drift between the assumed voltage angle and the actual measured phase current angle takes place. While voltage memory is used, the angle of phase currents drifts approximately one degree for each passing second (see the graph below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 86 60 Hz, there could be an error in current magnitude and in angle measurement. To minimize these errors, it is recommended that the frequency is measured and protection-based sampling from the current is performed while voltages are gone. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 87: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 88 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 89 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 4.2.3 - 38. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active • Disabled Enables/disables the active energy energy Disabled • Enabled measurement. measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 90 Reset energy calculators Resets the memory of the indivisual phase • - (per phase) energy calculator. Goes automatically back to • Reset ("Reset E per the "-" state after the reset is finished. phase") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 91 3PH Apparent power (S) 0.01kVA -1x10 …1x10 ampere 3PH Active power (P) 0.01kW The total three-phase active power in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 3PH Reactive power (Q) 0.01kVar The total three-phase reactive power in kilovars -1x10 …1x10 kVar © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 92 The total amount of exported reactive energy while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (kVarh or MVarh) active power is exported. Imported (Q) while Export Total amount of imported reactive energy while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (P). (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 93 Lx (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. Reactive Energy (Q) balance while The sum of the phase's imported and exported 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 Export (P) Lx (kVarh or MVarh) reactive energy while active energy is exported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 94 L3 (S) L3 (S) 9.77 MVA 3PH (S) H (S) 20.00 MVA L1 (P) L1 (P) 2.89 MW L2 (P) L2 (P) 4.72 MW L3 (P) L3 (P) 9.71 MW 3PH (P) H (P) 17.32 MW © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 95 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 96: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 97 CT1IL1 The first reference source for frequency tracking. reference 1 • VT1U1 • VT2U1 • None • CT1IL2 Frequency The second reference source for frequency • CT2IL2 CT1IL2 reference 2 tracking. • VT1U2 • VT2U2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 98 Displays the rough value of the tracked frequency 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - channel C in Channel C. • One f measured System • Two f Displays the amount of frequencies that are measured measured measured. frequency • Three f measured © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 99: General Menu

    The order code identification of the unit. System phase rotating order at The selected system phase rotating order. Can be changed with parameter the moment "System phase rotating order". UTC time The UTC time value which the device's clock uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 100 When a reset command is given, the parameter • Reset automatically returns back to "-". • Disabled Enables the measurement recorder tool, further Measurement recorder Disabled • Enabled configured in Tools → Misc → Measurement recorder. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 101: Protection Functions

    4.4.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 102 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 103 ). The reset ratio of 97 % is built into the function and is always relative to the X value. If a function's pick-up characteristics vary from this description, they are defined in the function section in the manual. Figure. 4.4.1 - 80. Pick up and reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 104 (independent time characteristics). • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): activates the trip signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up value X and the measured value X (dependent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 105 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard Delay curve • IEC defined characteristics. series • IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 106 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 parameter is set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 107 NOTE TE: : when "k" has been set lower than 0.3 calculated operation time can be lower with mechanical relays. than 0 seconds with some measurement values. In these cases operation time will be instant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 108 • Yes even if the pick-up element is reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 109 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 84. No delayed pick-up release. Figure. 4.4.1 - 85. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 110 Figure. 4.4.1 - 87. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is decreasing during the release time. The resetting characteristics can be set according to the application. The default setting is delayed 60 ms and the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 111: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    32 components, or to peak-to-peak values. Table. 4.4.2 - 53. Measurement inputs of the I> function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 112 • Start CA • Start • Trip AB • Trip BC • Trip CA • Trip • RMS Measured • TRMS Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the • RMS magnitude • Peak-to- function. peak © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 113 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping to trip occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 114 The function's output can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. Table. 4.4.2 - 58. Event messages. Event block name Event names NOC1...NOC4 Start ON NOC1...NOC4 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 115 Event Event name Fault type L1-E…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 116: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 117 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.3 - 63. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • Normal I0> • Start Displays status of the protection function. condition • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 118 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 119 Event Event name Fault type A-G-R…C-G-F Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 120: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 121 The angle memory captures the measured voltage angle 100 ms before the fault starts. After 0.5 seconds the angle memory is no longer used, and the reference angle is forced to 0°. The inbuilt reset ratio for the tripping area angle is 2°. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 122 If the 3LL mode is used without the U measurement in a single-phase fault situation, the voltage reference comes from the healthy phase and the current reference from the faulty phase. In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 123 Figure. 4.4.4 - 92. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. Figure. 4.4.4 - 93. When Idir> function has been set to "Non-directional" the function works basically just like a traditional non-directional overcurrent protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 124 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 125 START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.4 - 73. Register content. Register name Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 126: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    Both I and U must be above the squelch limit to be able to detect the angle. The squelch limit for the I current is 0.01 x I and for the U voltage 0.01 x U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 127 • U0 Defines which available neutral voltage measurement is used. input Calculated Select Available neutral voltages depend on measurement settings select • U3 Input ( Measurements → Transformers → VT module ). • U4 Input © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 128 & I0 broad range mode. Angle ±45.0…135.0° 0.1° ±88° Tripping area size (earthed network) Angle offset 0.0…360.0° 0.1° 0.0° Protection area direction (earthed network) Angle blinder -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 129 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 130 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 4.4.5 - 96. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 131 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 132 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 133 Finally, in a compensated network protection relays with traditional algorithms may sporadically detect an earth fault in a long healthy feeder due to CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 134 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 135 Table. 4.4.5 - 78. Internal inrush harmonic blocking settings. Name Range Step Default Description Inrush harmonic blocking • No Enables and disables the 2 (internal-only trip) • Yes harmonic blocking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 136 Trip ON DEF1...DEF4 Trip OFF DEF1...DEF4 Block ON DEF1...DEF4 Block OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 137: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    I and I . The zero sequence current is also recorded into the registers as well as the angles of the positive, negative and zero sequence currents in order to better verify any fault cases. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 138 Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 139 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. When IDMT Expected mode is used, the expected operating time depends on the measured operating 0.000...1800.000s highest phase current value. If the measured current changes during a time fault, the expected operating time changes accordingly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 140 Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: • t = Operating time • I = Calculated negative sequence 2meas • k = Constant k value (user settable delay multiplier) • I = Pick-up setting of the function © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 141 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.6 - 85. Event messages. Event block name Event names CUB1...CUB4 Start ON CUB1...CUB4 Start OFF CUB1...CUB4 Trip ON CUB1...CUB4 Trip OFF CUB1...CUB4 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 142: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    The number of stages in the function depends on the device model. The function constantly measures the selected harmonic component of the selected measurement channels, the value being either absolute value or relative to the RMS value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 143 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 144 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 145 Name Range Default Description • Normal Ih> force • Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. status to • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 146 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.7 - 89. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting 0.05…2.00×I 0.01×I 0.20×I (per unit monitoring) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 147 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 148 Event Event name Fault type L1-G…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 149: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of residual input I measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 150 (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 151 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 152 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s starting condition has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 153 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incoming feeder circuit breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 154 CBFP signal to the incoming feeder breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 155 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current- based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 156 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 157 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 158 CBFP signal is sent to the incoming feeder circuit breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 159 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 160 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 161 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.8 - 112. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 162 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counters for RETRIP, CBFP, CBFP START and BLOCKED events. Table. 4.4.8 - 100. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 163 Highest phase current Residual current I01, I02 channel or calculated residual current Time to RETR Time remaining to retrip activation Time to CBFP Time remaining to CBFP activation Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 164: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of residual input I01 measurement Fundamental frequency component of residual input I02 measurement Angle of phase L1 (A) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 165 The default setting (Add) means that • Add I0Calc + I01 or I0Calc + I02 in a through fault yields Direction • Subtract no differential current. See figures below for connection examples. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 166 Figure. 4.4.9 - 116. "I0 direction" parameter must be set to "Add" when current transformers are facing each other or away from each other. The following figure presents the differential characteristics with default settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 167 Figure. 4.4.9 - 118. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). Figure. 4.4.9 - 119. Bias current (the calculation is based on the user-selected mode). Figure. 4.4.9 - 120. Characteristics settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 168 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. The following figures present some typical applications for this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 169 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 170 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 171 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 172 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 173: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    The overvoltage function is used for instant and time-delayed overvoltage protection. Devices with a voltage protection module has four (4) available stages of the function (U>, U>>, U>>>, U>>>>). The function constantly measures phase voltage magnitudes or line-to-line magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 174 • U3 Measured Selection of phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages. Additionally, the input magnitude voltages U3 or U4 input can be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. (2LL- U3SS) • U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 175 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.10 - 126. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.10 - 127. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 176 (in single, dual or all voltages) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 177 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 178 0.005...1800 s, the stage operates as independent delayed. This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected Time dial delay type. 0.01…60.00s 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 179 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.10 - 115. Event messages. Event block name Event names OV1...OV4 Start ON OV1...OV4 Start OFF OV1...OV4 Trip ON OV1...OV4 Trip OFF OV1...OV4 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 180: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Undervoltage protection has two blocking stages: internal blocking (based on voltage measurement and low voltage), or external blocking (e.g. during voltage transformer fuse failure). Figure. 4.4.11 - 129. Simplified function block diagram of the U< function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 181 Measured Selection of P-P or P-E voltages. Additionally, the U3 or U4 input can • U3 input magnitude voltages be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. (2LL- U3SS) • U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 182 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.11 - 130. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.11 - 131. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 183 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.11 - 120. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description 0.00…120.00%U 0.01%U 60%U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 184 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. Expected When IDMT mode is used, the expected operating time operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s depends on the measured voltage value. If the measured time voltage changes during a fault, the expected operating time changes accordingly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 185 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 186 • No release time if the pick-up element is not activated during release • Yes this time. When disabled, the operating time counter is reset time directly after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 187 START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.11 - 125. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Fault type A…A-B-C Pre-trigger voltage Start/Trip -20ms voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 188: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 134. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 135. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 189 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U0/V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 190 • U3 Input connected to device. If no channel is set to "U0" mode and line- • U4 Input to-line voltages are connected, no residual voltage is available and "No U0 avail!" will be displayed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 191 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 192 The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 193 Event Event name Fault type L1-G…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger voltage Start/Trip -20ms voltage Fault voltage Start/Trip voltage Pre-fault voltage Start -200ms voltage Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 194: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.13 - 138. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.13 - 139. Earth fault in an isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 195 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.13 - 141. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.13 - 142. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 196 Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 197 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 198 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 199 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 200 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.13 - 139. Event messages. Event block name Event names VUB1...VUB4 Start ON VUB1...VUB4 Start OFF VUB1...VUB4 Trip ON VUB1...VUB4 Trip OFF VUB1...VUB4 Block ON VUB1...VUB4 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 201: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    ( Protection → Stage activation → Frequency stages ), the user can activate and deactivate the individual stages at will ( Protection → Frequency → Frequency protection f >/< → INFO → Stage operational setup ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 202 Frequency reference 3 Tertiary frequency reference General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 203 Pick-up setting f< Block setting. If set to zero, blocking is not in undervoltage 0.00...120.00%Un 0.01%Un 0.00%Un use. When the measured voltage drops below the block set value, the operation of the functions is blocked. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 204 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 205: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    (i.e. becomes an islanded network). A generator that is not disconnected from the network can cause safety hazards. A generator can also be automatically reconnected to the network, which can cause damage to the generator and the network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 206 ( Protection → Stage activation → Frequency stages ), the user can activate and deactivate the individual stages at will ( Protection → Frequency → Frequency protection f >/< → INFO → Stage operational setup ). Figure. 4.4.15 - 149. Simplified function block diagram of the df/dt>/< function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 207 Table. 4.4.15 - 149. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description df/dt>/< (1…8) • No used in setting Enables the protection stage in setting group. • Yes group © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 208 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s operating time occurs. When the function has detected a fault and counts Time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s down time towards a trip, this displays how much time is to trip left before tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 209 Table. 4.4.15 - 152. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name df/dt>/< Pre-trig (Hz/s) Start/Trip –20ms df/dt>/< f Pre-trig (Hz) Start/Trip –20ms frequency df/dt>/< Fault (Hz/s) Fault df/dt>/< © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 210: Overpower Protection (P>; 32O)

    Figure. 4.4.16 - 150. Operating characteristics of overpower protection. Figure. 4.4.16 - 151. Simplified function block diagram of the P> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 211 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.16 - 155. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description > 0.0…100 000kW 0.01kW 100kW Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 212 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 213: Underpower Protection (P<; 32U)

    4.4.17 Underpower protection (P<; 32U) The underpower function is used for instant and time-delayed active underpower protection. This function is used to detect loss of load conditions when there is no significant loss of current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 214 Table. 4.4.17 - 159. Measurement inputs of the P< function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 215 (= 1.03 x P Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 216 This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 217: Reverse Power Protection (Pr; 32R)

    Reverse power protection is not used to protect the generator itself but to protect the generator's turbine. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 218 Table. 4.4.18 - 165. Measurement inputs of the Prev> function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 219 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.18 - 168. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • Normal • Start Prev> condition Displays the status of the protection function. • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 220 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The function offers one (1) independent stage. Table. 4.4.18 - 169. Event messages. Event block name Event names RPW1 Start ON RPW1 Start OFF RPW1 Trip ON RPW1 Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 221: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    = Thermal image status in percentages of the maximum thermal capacity available • θ = Thermal image status in a previous calculation cycle (the memory of the function) • I = Measured maximum of the three TRMS phase currents © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 222 100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. Figure. 4.4.19 - 157. Example of thermal image calculation with nominal conditions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 223 = Ambient temperature correction factor for the minimum temperature • t = Ambient temperature reference (can be set in ̊C or in ̊F, the temperature in which the manufacturer's temperature presumptions apply, the temperature correction factor is 1.0) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 224 Figure. 4.4.19 - 159. Example of the relationship between ground temperature and correction factor. The temperature coefficient may be informed in a similar manner to the figure above in a datasheet provided by the manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 225 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.19 - 160. Settings of the function's ambient temperature coefficient curve. The temperature and correction factor pairs are set to the function's settable curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 226 For example, cable data may be presented as in the figures below (an example from a Prysmian Group cable datasheet) which show the cable's temperature characteristics and voltage ratings (1st image) with different installations and copper or aluminum conductors (2nd and 3rd image). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 227 The following figure is an example of these general presumption as presented in a Prysmian Group cable datasheet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 228 If the installation conditions vary from the presumed conditions manufacturers may give additional information on how to correct the the current-carrying capacity to match the changed conditions. Below is an example of the correction factors provided a manufacturer (Prysmian) for correcting the current-carrying capacity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 229 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.19 - 164. Example of correction factors for the current-carrying capacity as given by a manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 230 The rest of the settings are in the initial data text above: • I = 680 A • T = 90 ̊C • T = 15 ̊C • T = 15 ̊C • k = 1.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 231 τ. This uses approximately 71 % of the thermal capacity. According to the datasheet, this current should set the temperature around 65 ̊C; therefore, the model overprotects by three degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 232 A in 90 ̊C. The reference temperature for ground installation is 15 ̊C. The cable's thermal time constant is 183.8 min. From this initial data one can calculate the k correction factor according to the following formula (k factor related information in italics): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 233 If the k had not been set, the thermal image would show a temperature of appr. 68 ̊C instead of the real temperature of 96 ̊C. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 234 = calculated effective nominal current • k = the service factor • k = the ambient temperature factor • I = the nominal current of the protected device Calcula Calculat t ed end hea ed end heating: ting: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 235 Calc tripping time is wanted to be calculated (in per-unit value). Function inputs and outputs The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the line thermal overload protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 236 • Inhibit • Trip On Temp C • C The selection of whether the temperature values of the thermal image or F deg • F and RTD compensation are shown in Celsius or in Fahrenheit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 237 Table. 4.4.19 - 174. Environmental settings Name Range Step Default Description Object The maximum allowed temperature for the protected object. max. 0…500deg 1deg 90deg The default suits for Celsius range and for PEX-insulated temp. (t cables. = 100%) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 238 The coefficient value for the temperature reference point. Amb. The coefficient and temperature reference points must be temp. 0.01…5.00 1.00 0.01 set as pairs. This setting is visible if "Ambient lin. or curve" is k1...k10 set to "Set curve". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 239 • Enabled Inhibit TF> Inhibit 0.0…150.0% 0.1% INHIBIT activation threshold. level Enable • Disabled TF> Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 1 signal and the I/O. • Enabled Trip TF> Trip 0.0…150.0% 0.1% 100% TRIP activation threshold. level © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 240 • SF setting TF> • Service Indicates if SF setting has been set wrong and the actually used setting is 1.0. Setting factor set Visible only when there is a setting fault. alarm fault. Override to © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 241 - TF> Alarm 2 time to rel.: the time to reach theta while staying below the Alarm 2 limit during cooling - TF> Inhibit time to rel.: the time to reach theta while staying below the Inhibit limit during cooling © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 242 ON event process data for TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.19 - 180. Register content. Name Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 243: Control Functions

    Table. 4.5.1 - 182. Common signals extra inputs. Name Description Common Assign extra signals to activate common START signal. Please note that all protection function Start In START signals are already assigned internally to Common START. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 244: Setting Group Selection

    (SG1) is active and therefore the selection logic is idle. When more than one setting group is enabled, the setting group selector logic takes control of the setting group activations based on the logic and conditions the user has programmed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 245 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 4.5.2 - 171. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 246 Please note that if a higher priority setting setting • SG4 None group is being controlled by a signal, a lower priority setting group group change • SG5 cannot be activated with this parameter. • SG6 • SG7 • SG8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 247 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 248 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 249 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.2 - 173. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 250 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the device's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 251 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. Table. 4.5.2 - 187. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2...8 Enabled SG2...8 Disabled SG1...8 Request ON SG1...8 Request OFF Remote Change SG Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 252: Object Control And Monitoring

    The main outputs of the function are the OBJECT OPEN and OBJECT CLOSE control signals. Additionally, the function reports the monitored object's status and applied operations. The setting parameters are static inputs for the function, which can only be changed by the user in the function's setup phase. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 253 General menu. force to • NotrdyFail On • NosyncFail On • Opentout On • Clotout On • OpenreqUSR • CloreqUSR On The user-set name of the object, at maximum 32 characters Object name Objectx long. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 254 Displays the number of failed "Close" requests. 0…2 –1 failed Clear • - Clears the request statistics, setting them back to zero (0). statistics • Clear Automatically returns to "-" after the clearing is finished. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 255 Objectx Open command The physical "Open" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Open relay. Command") OUT1…OUTx Objectx Close command The physical "Close" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Close relay. Command") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 256 The remote Open command from a physical digital Open control input input (e.g. RTU). Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Close logical signal. Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Open logical signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 257 Figure. 4.5.3 - 177. Example of an interlock application. In order for the blocking signal to be received on time, it has to reach the function 5 ms before the control command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 258 Close Command On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Command Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Not Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Ok OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Not Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 259 The cause of an "Open" command's failure. Close fail The cause of a "Close" command's failure. Open command The source of an "Open" command. Close command The source of an "Open" command. General status The general status of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 260: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Close input A link to a physical digital input. The monitored indicator's signal selected by the user ("Ind.X CLOSE status. "1" refers to the active "Close" state of the monitored Close indicator. (SWx) Status In") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 261: Auto-Recloser (79)

    Alternatively, the function can be set to initiate the final trip, locking the feeder closing. The decision between a single-shot and a multi-shot auto-recloser depends on the following: protection type, switchgear, circuit breaker, stability requirements, network type, consumer loads as well as local utility knowledge and network practices. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 262 (especially in rural areas) that there are multiple forest areas the line runs through between the consumer connections. In longer lines in sparsely populated areas it is possible to isolate areas of the overhead line by dividing it up with disconnectors (at least in branches). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 263 • from Trip with two shots (high-speed fails, time-delayed succeeds) • from Trip with two shots (high-speed succeeds) • from Start with two shots (both fail) • from Start with two shots (high-speed fails, time-delayed succeeds) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 264 Therefore, the auto-recloser function only monitors the status of the directional earth fault stage's tripping before initiating requests and shots. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 265 A "Close" command is dropped after the breaker's "Closed" indication is received and the auto-recloser function starts calculating S S ho hot2 t2 R R eclaim T eclaim Time ime. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 266 Figure. 4.5.5 - 183. Settings for I0dir> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. two shots required to clear the fault) represents 10...15 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 267 9. The circuit breaker is closed and since the fault has been cleared, no pick-ups are detected. The "Close" command is dropped after the breaker's "Closed" indication is received and the auto- recloser function starts calculating S S ho hot2 t2 R R eclaim T eclaim Time ime. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 268 This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. Figure. 4.5.5 - 186. Signal status graph of the transient earth fault auto-recloser cycle. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 269 The protection's main operating time settings should be longer than the values set to the auto-recloser function; this way the state changes work properly with this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 270 Running Running, S S ho hot2 Running t2 Running and AR1 AR1 R R equest equested ed signals. The function enters the AR L AR Lock-out ock-out state to prevent any further requests for reclosing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 271 S S ho hot1 Star t1 Start T t Time ime. This activates the S S ho hot 1 Running Running signal eventhough the auto-recloser function is not yet running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 272 However, in this example the fault is cleared by the high-speed shot. Figure. 4.5.5 - 191. Settings for I> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 273 AR Reclaim is not used at all after a successful recloser cycle. 7. The AR R AR Reclaim eclaim time is exceeded and the function is set to "Ready" to wait for the next request. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 274 This means that the time set to the "ARx Shot action time" parameter is a cumulative counter of time allowed before deciding whether a shot is failed or successful. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 275 The behavior of the function can be changed even during sequences that are based on programmed reclosing schemes and on active requests. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 276 All status changes in the input signals (inc. the requests) always cause recorded events, also in the object's registers and the object's continuous status indications. Events can be enabled or disabled according to the application requirements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 277 Output signals of the auto-recloser function The outputs of the function are only indication signals ( Control → Control functions → Auto-recloser → I/O ). The breaker's "Open" and "Close" commands are controlled by the object control and monitoring function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 278 The signal "AR Arcing time ON" is activated and displayed when the function is calculating the time ON arcing time. AR Reclaim The signal "AR Reclaim time ON" is activated and displayed when the function is calculating the time ON reclaim time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 279 Use AR • Yes to "No" the auto-recloser is always in use. If set to "Yes" binary signal On/Off • No set to "AR ON/OFF" has to be active for the auto-recloser to be signals enabled. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 280 When the function is counting down towards any action, this parameter displays how much time is left until the action is executed. Timer 0...1800.00s The "Timer active" setting displays what is the action when this timer value reaches zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 281 If "Enabled", the ARx request ARx Shot x Disabled • Enabled executes a shot according to Shot 1 settings. This selection can be changed via the device's setting group selection in real time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 282 After the dead time has elapsed and the breaker is closed by the auto-recloser, the reclaim time starts ARx Shot 0.000…1800.000s 0.0005s 0.000s calculating. If the process is interrupted by a new reclaim time reclosing request, the function continues to the next shot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 283 The auto-recloser function's shot settings are grouped into corresponding rows to make the setting of each shot straightforward. From the settings the user can see how the reclosing cycle is executed by each request, which functions initiate requests, and which shots and requests are in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 284 The user can enable timers to be displayed in the MIMIC view. Enable the AR timer value at Tools → Events and logs → Set alarm events (see the image below). The timer displays the reclaim time and the dead time delay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 285 Shot failed AR cycle ends due to a discrimination request AR Shot clear Object "Close" request Object "Open" request Inhibit condition ON Inhibit condition OFF Locking condition ON Locking condition OFF Reserved AR1 Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 286 Shot 5 Execute OFF Seqeunce finished, the Final trip armed Final trip executed Lock-out time ON Lock-out time OFF General reclaim time ON General reclaim time OFF Shot start time ON Shot start time OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 287 The auto-recloser function's registers are treated differently than the registers of other functions. Below is an exhaustive example of how the registers work based on a partial auto-recloser sequence. First is how the register list is displayed: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 288 2945 OBJ1 Open request dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2956 OBJ1 Open command OFF dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4082 AR1 Shot start time OFF dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4083 AR1 Dead time ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2963 OBJ1 Status change OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 289 • AR started The counters are cumulative and they update automatically according to the operations of the auto- recloser function. They can be found in the Statistics tab at Control → Auto-recloser → Registers . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 290: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    Table. 4.5.6 - 206. Measurement inputs of the cold load pick-up function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 291 If the CLPU ACT function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and processes the release time characteristics similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 292 Additionally, this parameter operates as the "reclaim" time for the function in case the inrush current is not immediately initiated in the start-up sequence. The six examples below showcase some typical cases with the cold load pick-up function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 293 . This is high when the start-up condition is considered to be over. The cold load pick-up signal can be prolonged beyond this time by setting the T to a value higher than 0.000 s. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 294 If the user wants the function to activate within a shorter period of time, the T parameter can be se to a lower value. If the user wants no delay, the T can be zero seconds and the operation will be immediate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 295 I setting, a high counter starts counting towards the T time. The measured current exceeds the I setting during over the start-up situation and causes the cold load pick-up signal to be released immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 296 When the current exceeds the I setting, a timer high starts counting towards the T time. The measured current stays above the I setting until the high is reached, which causes the release of the cold load pick-up signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 297 The current stays between the I setting and the I high setting, so the cold load pick-up signal is active for T time. As no inrush current is detected during that time, the signal is released. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 298 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CLPU ACT and BLOCKED events. Table. 4.5.6 - 210. Event messages. Event block name Event names CLP1 LowStart ON CLP1 LowStart OFF CLP1 HighStart ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 299: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    " SOTF activate input " input. The duration of the SOTF-armed condition can be set by the "Release time for SOTF" setting parameter; it can be changed if the application so requires through setting group selection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 300 Name Range Default Description • Normal SOTF force • Blocked Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal status to • Active forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. • Trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 301 Event block name Event names SOF1 SOTF Init ON SOF1 SOTF Init OFF SOF1 SOTF Block ON SOF1 SOTF Block OFF SOF1 SOTF Active ON SOF1 SOTF Active OFF SOF1 SOTF Trip ON SOF1 SOTF Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 302: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    (UL12, UL23 or UL31). • SYN3 – Supervises the synchronization condition between the channels U3 and U4. The seven images below present three different example connections and four example applications of the synchrocheck function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 303 Figure. 4.5.8 - 204. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.8 - 205. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 304 Figure. 4.5.8 - 206. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.8 - 207. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 305 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.8 - 208. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 306 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.8 - 209. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 307 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 308 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.8 - 211. System states. Figure. 4.5.8 - 212. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 309 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 310 If the blocking signal is active when the SYN OK activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the SYN OK function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 311 • UL31 Enables and disables the SYN3 stage. Operable SYN3 V • Not in use Not in in the 2LL+U3+U4 mode, with references UL12, Reference • U3–U4 UL23 and UL31 can be connected to the channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 312 SYNx U live > 0.10…100.00%Un 0.01%Un 20%Un The voltage limit of the live state. SYNx U dead The voltage limit of the dead state. Not in use when 0.00…100.00%Un 0.01%Un 20%Un < set to 0%Un © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 313 SYN1 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting SYNX1 SYN1 Voltage difference Ok On SYNX1 SYN1 Voltage difference Ok Off SYNX1 SYN1 Angle difference Ok On © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 314 SYN1 Bus voltage Dead On SYNX1 SYN1 Bus voltage Dead Off SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Live On SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Live Off SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Dead On SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Dead Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 315: Programmable Control Switch

    (see the image below). The switch cannot be controlled by an auxiliary input, such as digital inputs or logic signals; it can only be controlled locally (mimic) or remotely (RTU). Settings. These settings can be accessed at Control → Device I/O → Programmable control switch . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 316: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    Currently following measurements can be scaled with analog input scaling curves: • RTD inputs and mA inputs in "RTD & mA input" option cards • mA inputs in "4x mA output & 1x mA input" option cards © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 317 -1 000 Defines the minimum input of the curve. If input is Curve1...10 input 000.00...1 000 0.00001 0 below the set limit, "ASC1...4 input out of range" minimum 000.00 is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 318 0...4000 The measured input value at Curve Point 1. Scaled 0.000 output value Scales the measured milliampere signal at Point 1..10 0.000 Input value 2 0...4000 The measured input value at Curve Point 2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 319: Logical Outputs

    Figure. 4.5.11 - 214. Logic output example. Logical output is connected to an output relay in matrix. Logical output descriptions Logical outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix • block settings • • • etc. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 320: Logical Inputs

    Figure. 4.5.12 - 215. Operation of logical input in "Hold" and "Pulse" modes. A logical input pulse can also be extended by connecting a DELAY-low gate to a logical output, as has been done in the example figure below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 321 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's output signals can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 322: Monitoring Functions

    • The ratio between the negative sequence and the positive sequence exceeds the I2/I1 ratio setting. • The calculated difference (IL1+IL2+IL3+I0) exceeds the I difference setting (optional). • The above-mentioned condition is met until the set time delay for alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 323 I02 channel. Table. 4.6.1 - 231. Measured inputs of the CTS function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 324 This setting limit defines the upper limit for high 0.01…40.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I the phase current's pick-up element. limit If this condition is met, it is considered as fault and the function is not activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 325 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 326 Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. Figure. 4.6.1 - 219. All works properly, no faults. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 327 (secondary circuit fault) continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. This means that the function supervises both the primary and the secondary circuit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 328 Figure. 4.6.1 - 223. Low current and heavy unbalance. If all of the measured phase magnitudes are below the I low limit setting, the function is not activated even when the other conditions (inc. the unbalance condition) are met. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 329 When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. Figure. 4.6.1 - 225. Broken secondary phase current wiring. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 330 Figure. 4.6.1 - 226. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. Figure. 4.6.1 - 227. Primary side high-impedance earth fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 331: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    Voltage transformer supervision is used to detect errors in the secondary circuit of the voltage transformer wiring and during fuse failure. This signal is mostly used as an alarming function or to disable functions that require adequate voltage measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 332 The function also monitors the angle of each voltage channel. Table. 4.6.2 - 237. Measurement inputs of the voltage transformer supervision function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 333 All of the voltages are within the set limits BUT BUT the voltages are in a reversed Bus Live VTS Ok SEQ Rev sequence. Bus Live VTS Ok SEQ Voltages are within the set limits BUT BUT the sequence cannot be defined. Undef © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 334 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 335 ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.6.2 - 241. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 336: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    The "Trip contact" setting defines the output that triggers the current monitoring at the breaker's "Open" command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 337 The circuit breaker characteristics are set by two operating points, defined by the nominal breaking current, the maximum allowed breaking current and their respective operation settings. This data is provided by the circuit breaker's manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 338 Let us examine the settings, using a low-duty vacuum circuit breaker as an example. The image below presents the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, with the data relevant to our settings highlighted in red: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 339 Current 1 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations Enable Alarm 2 Enabled Alarm 2 Set 100 operations © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 340 CBWEAR1 Alarm 2 OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 341: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    Figure. 4.6.4 - 232. THD calculation formulas. While both of these formulas exist, the power ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEEE, and the amplitude ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEC. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 342 Table. 4.6.4 - 250. General settings. Name Range Default Description Measurement • Amplitude Defines which available measured magnitude the function Amplitude magnitude • Power uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 343 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 344 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 345: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    The function can be used if all three phase currents and three phase voltages have been connected to the device. The triggering signals, the triggering current and "Reactance per km" must be set in the configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 346 Sets the trigger current. Affects which impedance loop is Trigger 0.0…40.0×I 0.1×I 1×I recorded, if anything is recorded at all (see the table current> below). Reactance 0.000…5.000Ω/ 0.001Ω/ 0.125Ω/ This setting helps calculate the distance to a fault. per km © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 347 FLX1 Flocator triggered OFF FLX1 Flocator Calculation ON FLX1 Flocator Calculation OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 348: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    Analog and digital recording channels Up to 20 analog recording channels and 95 digital channels are supported. Table. 4.6.6 - 261. Analog recording channels. Signal Description Phase current I Phase current I Phase current I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 349 Residual current I coarse* (CT card 3) I02'''f Residual current I fine* (CT card 3) ISup_3 Current measurement module voltage supply supervision (CT card 3) Line-to-neutral U or line-to-line voltage U (VT card 2) UL1(2)VT2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 350 (I01, I02) I0x (I01, I02) Secondary residual Primary residual current TRMS I0x Sec.Res.curr.I0x Res.curr.I0x TRMS Pri current I0x (I01, I02) (I01, I02) Phase Lx amplitude THD (L1, L2, Pri.cal.I0 Primary calculated I0 Pha.Lx ampl. THD © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 351 Ux angle (U1, U2, U3, Ux Angle System volt U0 ang Angle of the system voltage U0 Positive/Negative/Zero Pos./Neg./Zero sequence voltage Ux Angle difference Ux angle difference (U1, U2, U3) Seq volt.Angle angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 352 (P) power POW1 3PH Active Three-phase active Sampl.f. used Used sample frequency power (P MW) power in megawatts POW1 3PH Three-phase reactive Tracked frequency (channels A, B, Reactive power Tr f CH x power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 353 "Always false" is always "0". Always PushButton Always True/False true is always "1". x Off Forced SG in Stage forcing in use OUTx Output contact statuses SGx Active Setting group 1...8 active GOOSE INx GOOSE input 1...64 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 354 Clear from memory. If "10" is inserted, tenth (10th) recording will be cleared from 0…2 record+ memory. Manual • - Triggers disturbance recording manually. This parameter will return back to trigger • Trig "-" automatically. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 355 • 16s/c measured wave according to this setting. • 8s/c Digital channel 5ms (fixed) The fixed sample rate of the recorded digital channels. samples ms(fixed) Pretriggering 0.2…15.0s 0.2s Sets the recording length before the trigger. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 356 = the number of digital channels recorded. For example, let us say the nominal frequency is 50 Hz, the selected sample rate is 64 s/c, nine (9) analog channels and two (2) digital channels record. The calculation is as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 357 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or device HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 358 ) . Alternatively, the user can load the recordings individually ( Disturbance recorder → DR List ) from a folder in the PC's hard disk drive; the exact location of the folder is described in Tools → Settings → DR path . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 359: Event Logger

    Version: 2.12 The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below.

  • Page 360: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 361 V V olta oltage mea ge measur surements ements L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Res.Curr.I01 TRMS Pri U1Volt Pri L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.Curr.I02 TRMS Pri U2Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL1 U3Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL2 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 362 Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Pha.L2 pow. THD U2Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Pha.L3 pow. THD U3Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 363 S2 Measurement I” Pri.Neg.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL31 ang S3 Measurement I” Pri.Zero.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res.Curr.I”01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res.Curr.I”02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 364 L1 Exp.Active Energy kWh Curve1 Input Pha.IL”2 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy MWh Curve1 Output Pha.IL”3 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy kWh Curve2 Input Pha.IL”1 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Curve2 Output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 365: Measurement Value Recorder

    ). The resetting of the fault values is done by the input selected in the General menu. Function keeps 12 latest recordings in memory. Recordings can be viewed in the HMI if "Fault registers" view has been added with "Carousel designer" tool. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 366 , harmonic 15 , harmonic 17 , harmonic 19 harmonic current. The positive sequence current, the negative sequence current and the zero I1, I2, I0Z sequence current. I0CalcMag The residual current calculated from phase currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 367 The conductances, susceptances and admittances. YL1, YL2, YL3, Y0 YL1angle, YL2angle, YL3angle The admittance angles. Y0angle Others Others Descrip Description tion System f. The tracking frequency in use at that moment. Ref f1 The reference frequency 1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 368 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 369 • U1/2 >>>> Trip • U0> Trip • U0>> Trip • U0>>> Trip • U0>>>> Trip • A-G • B-G • A-B Overcurrent fault type • C-G The overcurrent fault type. • A-C • B-C • A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 370 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. Table. 4.6.9 - 271. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 371: Communica A Tion

    Ethernet connection. Virtual Ethernet has its own separate IP address and network configurations. All Ethernet-based protocol servers listen for client connections on the IP addresses of both the physical Ethernet and the Virtual Ethernet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 372 Bitrate used by serial fiber channels. • 38400bps Databits 7...8 Databits used by serial fiber channels. • None Parity • Even Paritybits used by serial fiber channels. • Odd Stopbits 1...2 Stopbits used by serial fiber channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 373: Time Synchronization

    Time synchronization source can be selected with "Time synchronization" parameter in the "General" menu. Table. 5.2 - 277. General time synchronization source settings. Name Range Description • Internal • External NTP Time synchronization source • External serial Selection of time synchronization source. • IRIG-B • PTP © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 374: Internal

    Displays the status of the NTP time synchronization at the moment. • No sync NTP quality for events NOTE TE: : This indication is not valid if another time synchronization • Synchronized method is used (external serial). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 375: Communication Protocols

    • Get oldest available Get oldest event possible (Default) Event read • Continue previous Continue with the event idx from previous connection mode connection Get only new events from connection time and forward. • New events only © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 376: Iec 103

    IEC 104 protocol uses Ethernet communication. The IEC 101/104 implementation works as a slave in the unbalanced mode. For detailed information please refer to the IEC 101/104 interoperability document (www.arcteq.fi/ downloads/ → AQ-200 series → Resources → "AQ-200 IEC101 & IEC104 interoperability"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 377 (t3) inactivity. Test frame is sent at an interval specified here. Measurement scaling coefficients The measurement scaling coefficients are available for the following measurements, in addition to the general measurement scaling coefficient: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 378 Determines the data reporting deadband power deadband settings for this measurement. Power factor deadband 0.01…0.99 0.01 0.05 Frequency deadband 0.01…1.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.1Hz Current deadband 0.01…50.00A 0.01A Residual 0.01…50.00A 0.01A 0.2A current deadband Voltage deadband 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 379: Spa

    DNP3 slave is compliant with the DNP3 subset (level) 2, but it also contains some functionalities of the higher levels. For detailed information please refer to the DNP3 Device Profile document (www.arcteq.fi/downloads/ → AQ-200 series → Resources). Settings The following table describes the DNP3 setting parameters. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 380 Selects the variation of the double point signal. • Var 2 • Var 1 • Var 2 Group 20 variation (CNTR) Var 1 Selects the variation of the control signal. • Var 5 • Var 6 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 381 Frequency deadband 0.01…1.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.1Hz Current deadband 0.01…50.00A 0.01A Residual 0.01…50.00A 0.01A 0.2A current deadband Voltage deadband 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V Residual 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband Angle 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 382: Modbus I/O

    These values can be read in two ways: locally from this same menu, or through a communication protocol if one is in use. The following table presents the setting parameters available for the 12 channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 383: Real-Time Measurements To Communication

    , harmonic 17 , harmonic 19 harmonic h., 13 h., 15 h., 17 h., 19 current. Positive sequence current, negative sequence current and zero sequence I1, I2, I0Z current. I0CalcMag Residual current calculated from phase currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 384 Rseq, Xseq, Zseq Positive sequence resistance, reactance and impedance values and RseqAng, XseqAng, ZseqAng angles. GL1, GL2, GL3, G0 BL1, BL2, BL3, B0 Conductances, susceptances and admittances. YL1, YL2, YL3, Y0 YL1angle, YL2angle, YL3angle, Admittance angles. Y0angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 385 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - The unit depends on the selected 000.000 magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per- unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 386: Connections And Applica A Tion Examples

    Version: 2.12 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-F205 Figure. 6.1 - 238. AQ-F205 application example with function block diagram. 6.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the feeder protection relay. Since three line-to-neutral voltages and the zero sequence voltage (U4) are connected, this application uses the voltage measurement mode "3LN+U0"...

  • Page 387: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series device with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 388: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 389 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 390 (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the device's trip output. Figure. 6.4 - 244. Trip circuit supervision with one DI and one latched output contact. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 391 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. Figure. 6.4 - 245. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 392: Construction And Installation Tion

    7 Construction and installation 7.1 Construction Even though AQ-F205 is a member of the modular and scalable AQ-200 series, it does not have optional modules. This means that the construction and content of the device’s hardware are fixed. The device includes the CPU module (which consists of the CPU, a number of inputs and outputs, and the power supply) as well as one current measurement module, one voltage measurement module, a digital input module (DI8), and digital output module (DO5).

  • Page 393: Cpu Module

    Output relay 2, with a normally open (NO) contact. X1-9:10 Output relay 3, with a normally open (NO) contact. X1-11:12 Output relay 4, with a normally open (NO) contact. X1-13:14:15 Output relay 5, with a changeover contact. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 394 Digital input and output descriptions CPU card digital inputs and outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 395: Current Measurement Module

    Figure. 7.3 - 248. Module connections with standard and ring lug terminals. Connector Description CTM 1-2 Phase current measurement for phase L1 (A). CTM 3-4 Phase current measurement for phase L2 (B). CTM 5-6 Phase current measurement for phase L3 (C). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 396: Voltage Measurement Module

    For further details please refer to the "Current measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. 7.4 Voltage measurement module Figure. 7.4 - 249. Voltage measurement module. Connector Description VTM 1-2 Configurable voltage measurement input U1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 397: Option Cards

    Figure. 7.5.1 - 250. Digital input module (DI8) with eight add-on digital inputs. Description (x = the number of digital inputs in other modules that preceed this one in the Connector configuration) DIx + 1 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 398 When "NO" is the selected polarity, the measured voltage Activation 16.0…200.0 V 0.1 V 88 V exceeding this setting activates the input. When "NC" is the threshold selected polarity, the measured voltage exceeding this setting deactivates the input. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 399 Figure. 7.5.1 - 251. Digital input state when energizing and de-energizing the digital input channels. Digital input descriptions Option card inputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 400: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    Figure. 7.5.2 - 252. Digital output module (DO5) with five add-on digital outputs. Connector Description X 1–2 OUTx + 1 (1 and 2 pole NO) X 3–4 OUTx + 2 (1 and 2 pole NO) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 401: Dimensions And Installation

    (¼) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of four devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 402 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 253. Device dimensions. Figure. 7.6 - 254. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 403 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 255. Panel cutout dimensions and device spacing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 404: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    < ±0.2° (I> 0.1 A) Angle measurement inaccuracy < ±1.0° (I≤ 0.1 A) Burden (50/60 Hz) <0.1 VA Transient overreach <8 % Coarse residual current input (I01) Rated current I 1 A (configurable 0.1…10 A) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 405 Max 8mm diameter, with minimum 3,5mm screw hole NOTICE! TICE! Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50/60 Hz. The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 406: Voltage Measurement

    The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. 8.1.1.3 Voltage memory Table. 8.1.1.3 - 304. Technical data for the voltage memory function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 407: Power And Energy Measurement

    Power measurements (P, Q, S) Frequency range 6…75 Hz 0.3 % <1.2 × I or 3 VA of secondary Inaccuracy 1.0 % >1.2 × I or 3 VA of secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6…75 Hz © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 408: Frequency Measurement

    Rated auxiliary voltage 80…265 V (AC/DC) < 7 W (no option cards) Power consumption < 15 W (maximum number of option cards) Maximum permitted interrupt time < 60 ms with 110 VDC DC ripple < 15 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 409: Cpu Communication Ports

    Cannot be used for system protocols, only for local programming Table. 8.1.2.2 - 311. Rear panel system communication port A. Port Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features IEC 104 Modbus/TCP Port protocols DNP3 Telnet © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 410: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Pick-up delay Software settable: 0…1800 s Polarity Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Current drain 2 mA 8.1.2.4 CPU digital outputs Table. 8.1.2.4 - 314. Digital outputs (Normally Open) Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 411: Option Cards

    Table. 8.1.3.1 - 316. Technical data for the digital input module. General information Spare part code #SP-200-DI8 Compatibility AQ-200 series models Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 5…265 V (AC/DC) Current drain 2 mA Scanning rate 5 ms Activation/release delay 5...11 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 412: Digital Output Module

    Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Terminal block connection Screw connection terminal block (standard) Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/10-ST-5,08 Spring cage terminals block (option) Phoenix Contact FKC 2,5/10-STF-5,08 Solid or stranded wire Nominal cross section 2.5 mm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 413: Display

    Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time: I ratio > 3 ±1.0 % or ±20 ms - Definite time: I ratio = 1.05…3 ±1.0 % or ±30 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 414: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    ±3 mA (0.005…10.0 × I - Starting I01 (1 A) - Starting I02 (0.2 A) ±1.5 %I0 or ±1.0 mA (0.005…25.0 × I - Starting I0Calc (5 A) ±1.0 %I0 or ±15 mA (0.005…4.0 × I Operating time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 415: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    (B), I Current inputs RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes TRMS phase currents Peak-to-peak phase currents Current input calculations Positive sequence current angle Voltage inputs + U0 Voltage input calculations Positive sequence voltage angle Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 416: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0.5 seconds in case the voltage drops below 1.0 V. 8.2.1.4 Directional earth fault protection (I0dir>; 67N/32N) Table. 8.2.1.4 - 322. Technical data for the directional earth fault function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 417 Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio > 3 <55 ms (typically 45 ms) ratio = 1.05…3 <65 ms Reset Current and voltage reset 97 % of the pick-up current and voltage setting U0/I0 angle 2.0° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 418: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <5 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio > 1.05 <70 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 419: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 95 % of the pick-up setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±35 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 420: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    0.050…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Current criteria (I ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±55 ms - DO or DI only ±15 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 421: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    Table. 8.2.1.9 - 327. Technical data for the overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages Pick-up 1 voltage Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages Pick-up setting 50.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 422: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages Pick-up setting 0.00…120.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: - Voltage ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV Low voltage block 0.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 423: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Table. 8.2.1.11 - 329. Technical data for the neutral overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input (selectable) Residual voltage calculated from U RMS residual voltage U Voltage input magnitudes Calculated RMS residual voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 424: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    Voltage inputs (+ U Positive sequence voltage (I1) Voltage input calculations Negative sequence voltage (I2) Pick-up 5.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Low voltage block © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 425: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    7.00…65.00 Hz, setting step 0.01 Hz Inaccuracy (sampling mode): ±20 mHz (50/60 Hz fixed frequency) - Fixed ±20 mHz (U > 30 V secondary) - Tracking ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) Operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 426: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    ±5.0 %I or ±20 mHz/s ±15 mHz (U > 30 V secondary) Frequency ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 427: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    - Trip delay 0.000…3600.000 s, step 0.005 s - Restart inhibit 0…150 %, step 1 % Inaccuracy - Starting ±0.5 % of the set pick-up value - Operating time ±5 % or ± 500 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 428: Overpower (P>; 32O), Underpower (P<; 32U) And Reverse Power (Pr; 32R) Protection

    8.2.2.1 Setting group selection Table. 8.2.2.1 - 335. Technical data for the setting group selection function. Settings and control modes Setting groups 8 independent, control-prioritized setting groups Control scale Common for all installed functions which support setting groups © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 429: Object Control And Monitoring

    External object control time <75 ms Object control during auto-reclosing See the technical sheet for the auto-reclosing function. 8.2.2.3 Indicator object monitoring Table. 8.2.2.3 - 337. Technical data for the indicator object monitoring function. General Number of objects © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 430: Auto-Reclosing (0 → 1; 79)

    Protection activation delay + 15 ms (Protection + AR delay) 8.2.2.5 Cold load pick-up (CLPU) Table. 8.2.2.5 - 339. Technical data for the cold load pick-up function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 431: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    <40 ms (measured from the trip contact) SOTF release time Release time setting 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time ±1.0 % or ±30 ms SOTF instant release time <40 ms (measured from the trip contact) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 432: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    , setting step 0.01 %U NOTICE! TICE! The minimum voltage for direction and frequency solving is 20.0 %U 8.2.3 Monitoring functions 8.2.3.1 Current transformer supervision Table. 8.2.3.1 - 342. Technical data for the current transformer supervision function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 433: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    - Voltage (high pick-up) 0.50…1.10 × U , setting step 0.01 × U - Angle shift limit 2.00…90.00 deg, setting step 0.10 deg Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U - Voltage - U angle (U> 1 V) ±1.5° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 434: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    ±0.2 % of the measured current, rest 0.5 % - Operation counter ±0.5 % of operations deducted 8.2.3.4 Current total harmonic distortion Table. 8.2.3.4 - 345. Technical data for the total harmonic distortion function. Input signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 435: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Calculated reactance magnitudes when line-to-line voltages XL12, XL23, XL31 available Pick-up 0.00…40.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I Trigger current > Inaccuracy: ±0.5 %I or ±15 mA (0.10…4.0 × I - Triggering Reactance © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 436: Disturbance Recorder

    General information Event history capacity 15 000 events Event timestamp resolution 1 ms 8.3 Tests and environmental Electrical environment compatibility Table. 8.3 - 349. Disturbance tests. All tests CE-approved and tested according to EN 60255-26 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 437 Shock and bump test EN 60255-1,EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-21-2 Class 1 20 g, 1 000 bumps/direction. Table. 8.3 - 352. Environmental tests. Damp heat (cyclic) EN 60255-1, IEC 60068-2-30 Operational: +25…+55 °C, 93…97 % (RH), 12+12h Dry heat © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 438 Height: 117 mm (4U) Dimensions Width: 127 mm (¼ rack) Depth: 174 mm (no cards & connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 170 mm Dimensions Width: 242 mm Depth: 219 mm Weight 2 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 439: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    AQX009 Raising frame 87 mm AX010 Raising frame 40 mm AQX011 AQ-210 series combiflex frame AQX012 AQ-210 series wall mounting bracket AQ-01A Light point sensor unit (8,000 lux threshold) Max. cable length 200 m © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 440: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.com Technical support: arcteq.com/support-login +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

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