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4.4.1.2 LAN
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached and is
limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building.
IPv6
The IPv6 address composes of two parts, thus, the prefix and the interface ID.
There are two ways to dynamically configure IPv6 address on hosts. One is statefull configuration, for example
using DHCPv6 (which resembles its counterpart DHCP in IPv4.) In the stateful autoconfiguration model, hosts
obtain interface addresses and/or configuration information and parameters from a DHCPv6 server. The Server
maintains a database that keeps track of which addresses have been assigned to which hosts.
The second way is stateless configuration. Stateless auto-configuration requires no manual configuration of
hosts, minimal (if any) configuration of routers, and no additional servers. The stateless mechanism allows a
host to generate its own addresses using a combination of locally available information (MAC address) and
information (prefix) advertised by routers. Routers advertise prefixes that identify the subnet(s) associated with
a link, while hosts generate an "interface identifier" that uniquely identifies an interface on a subnet. An address
is formed by combining the two. When using stateless configuration, you needn't configure anything on the
client.
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