Arcteq AQ-M255 Instruction Manual
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Arcteq AQ-M255 Instruction Manual

Motor protection ied
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AQ-M255
Motor protection IED
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-M255

  • Page 1 AQ-M255 Motor protection IED Instruction manual...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    4.2 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 14 5 Functions unctions ...................................................... 16 5.1 Functions included in AQ-M255................... 16 5.2 Measurements........................18 5.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................18 5.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................30 5.2.3 Power and energy calculation ..................41 5.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling .................
  • Page 4 7 Connections and applic 7 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................374 7.1 Connections of AQ-M255 ....................374 7.2 Application example and its connections................376 7.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............377 7.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................378...
  • Page 5 9.3 Tests and environmental ....................436 10 Or 10 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ............................................438 11 Contact and r 11 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................440 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.
  • Page 7 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Copyright Copyright © Arcteq Relays Ltd. 2022. All rights reserved. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 8: Document Inf

    - Order codes revised. - Added double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module and Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module descriptions Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 9 - AQ-M255 Functions included list Added: Rate-of-change-of-frequency, PQS power protection, voltage memory, indicator objects, measurement recorder, running hour counter. - AQ-M255 Functions included list Removed: Power factor protection, underimpedance protection. - Added "32N" ANSI code to directional earth fault protection modes "unearthed" and "petersen coil grounded".

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    - Added spare part codes and compatibilities to option cards. 1.2 Version 1 revision notes Table. 1.2 - 2. Version 1 revision notes Revision 1.00 Date 20.1.2017 Changes The first revision for AQ-M255 IED. Revision 1.01 Date 5.1.2018 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 11 Ring-lug CT card option description added Fault view description added New U> and U< function measurement modes documented Order code revised Revision 1.02 Date 14.8.2018 Added mA output option card description and ordercode Changes Added HMI display technical data © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 12: Abbr Bbre E Via Viations Tions

    FFT – Fast Fourier transform FTP – File Transfer Protocol GI – General interrogation HMI – Human-machine interface HR – Holding register HV – High voltage HW – Hardware IDMT– Inverse definite minimum time IED – Intelligent electronic device © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 13 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 14: General

    Version: 2.06 3 General The AQ-M255 motor protection IED is a member of the AQ-200 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-M255 motor protection IED.

  • Page 15: Ied User Interface Erface

    (hardware or software) error that affects the operation of the unit. The activation of the yellow "Start" LED and the red "Trip" LED are based on the setting the user has put in place in the software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 16: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): • Super user (***) • Configurator (**) • Operator (*) • User ( - ) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 17 In AQ-250 frame units unlocking and locking a user level generates a time-stamped event to the event log. NOTE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 18: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.06 5 Functions 5.1 Functions included in AQ-M255 The AQ-M255 motor protection relay includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 5.1 - 3. Protection functions of AQ-M255. Name (number...
  • Page 19 PGx>/< Programmable stage VMEM (1) Voltage memory ARC (1) IArc>/I0Arc> 50Arc/50NArc Arc fault protection (optional) Table. 5.1 - 4. Control functions of AQ-M255. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (10 objects available) Indicator object monitoring (10 indicator available) Table.

  • Page 20: Measurements

    SEC: SEC: The secondary current, i.e. the current which the current transformer transforms according to its ratios. This current is measured by the protection relay. NOM: NOM: The nominal primary current of the protected object. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 21 The following figure presents how CTs are connected to the relay's measurement inputs. It also shows example CT ratings and nominal current of the load. Figure. 5.2.1 - 3. Connections. The following table presents the initial data of the connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 22 (in this case they are the set primary and secondary currents of the CT). If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 23 The ring core CT is connected to the CTM directly, which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings: the "I02 CT" settings are set according to the ring core CT's ratings (10/1 A). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 24 As the images above show, the scaling selection does not affect how primary and secondary currents are displayed (as actual values). The only effect is that the per-unit system in the relay is scaled either to the CT nominal or to the object nominal, making the settings input straightforward. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 25 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the relay. The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 26 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 27 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 28 "Scale measurement to In" setting. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary current's primary per-unit value. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the secondary current's secondary per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 29 The primary RMS current measurement from each of the phase current ILx 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 current channels. ("Pri.Pha.curr.ILx") Primary phase current ILx TRMS The primary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 ("Pha.curr.ILx measurement from each of the phase current channels. TRMS Pri") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 30 The secondary RMS current measurement from the residual current current I0x 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I01 or I02. ("Sec.Res.curr.I0x") Secondary The secondary RMS current measurement from the calculated current calculated I0 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 31 Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated negative 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence sequence current. curr") Secondary zero sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated zero current 0.00…300.00 0.01 sequence current. ("Sec.Zero sequence curr.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 32: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions (the protection function availability depends of the relay type). It is essential to understand the concept of voltage measurements to be able to get correct measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 33 VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 34 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the relay type. Figure. 5.2.2 - 15. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 35 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 36 The measurement mode is 3LN+U4 which means that the relay is measuring line-to-neutral voltages. The VT scaling has been set to 20 000 : 100 V. The U4 channel measures the zero sequence voltage which has the same ratio (20 000 : 100 V). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 37 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the relay. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 38 "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. U3 Res/SS VT The secondary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS VT. This 0.2…400V 0.1V 100.0V secondary setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 39 The following measurements are available in the measured voltage channels. Table. 5.2.2 - 25. Per-unit voltage measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Voltage Ux × U 0.00…500.0 0.01 The RMS voltage measurement (in p.u.) from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt p.u.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 40 Range Step Description Secondary positive sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated positive voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated negative voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 41 ("System volt UL2 mag") System voltage magnitude The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL3 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System volt UL3 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 42 System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary line-to-neutral angle UL3 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL3 ang") System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary zero sequence angle U0 (measured or calculated). ("System volt U0 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 43: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 44 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 45 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 5.2.3 - 35. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active 0: Disabled energy Enables/disables the active energy measurement. 1: Enabled Disabled measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 46 Clear pulse 0: - Resets the "DC 1…4 Pulses sent" counters back to 0: - counter 1: Clear zero. DC 1…4 0: Disabled Enables/disables the energy dose counter 1…4 0: Disabled enable 1: Enabled individually. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 47 Name Unit Range Step Description Lx Apparent power (S) 0.01 The apparent power of Phase Lx in kilo-volt-amperes -1x10 …1x10 Lx Active power (P) 0.01 The active power of Phase Lx in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 48 (P) (kVAh or MVAh) active energy is imported. 904.00 Table. 5.2.3 - 41. Single-phase energy calculations (L1...L3). Name Range Step Description Export Active Energy Lx (kWh or MWh) 0.01 The exported active energy of the phase. -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 49 1000 : 5 A. Voltages (line-to-neutral): Currents: = 40.825 V, 45.00° = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 61.481 V, -159.90° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 97.742 V, 126.21° = 2.5 A, 120.00° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 50 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 51: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 52 0: Use track 0: Use Defines the start of the sampling. Sampling can begin with Start sampling frequency track a previously tracked frequency, or with a user-set nominal with 1: Use nom frequency frequency. frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 53: Protection Functions

    5.3.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 54 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 55 Figure. 5.3.1 - 25. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 56 • Definite time operation (DT): activates the trip signal after a user-defined time delay regardless of the measured current as long as the current is above or below the X value and thus the pick-up element is active (independent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 57 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard defined characteristics. Delay curve 0: IEC 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 58 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 59 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 60 1: Yes reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 5.3.1 - 29. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 61 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.1 - 30. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 5.3.1 - 31. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 62: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 63 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 5.3.2 - 33. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 64 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/ mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off 1: RMS 2: TRMS Measured magnitude 1: RMS Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the function. 3: Peak- to-peak © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 65 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, remaining 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip meas 0.00...1250.00 0.01 The ratio between the highest measured phase current and the pick-up value. at the moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 66 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 67 NOC1 Phase B Start ON NOC1 Phase B Start OFF NOC1 Phase C Start ON NOC1 Phase C Start OFF NOC1 Phase A Trip ON NOC1 Phase A Trip OFF NOC1 Phase B Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 68 NOC3 Phase C Start ON NOC3 Phase C Start OFF NOC3 Phase A Trip ON NOC3 Phase A Trip OFF NOC3 Phase B Trip ON NOC3 Phase B Trip OFF NOC3 Phase C Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 69: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    The non-directional earth fault function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 70 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional earth fault function. Figure. 5.3.3 - 35. Simplified function block diagram of the I0> fucntion. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 71 3: Peak- parameter is available when "Input selection" has been set to "I01" or "I02". to-peak 1: I01 2: I02 Input selection 1: I01 Defines which measured residual current is used by the function. I0Calc © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 72 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, this remaining 0.000...1800.000 s displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip meas at the 0.00...1250.00 0.01 The ratio between the measured current and the pick-up value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 73 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.3 - 59. Event messages. Event block name Event names NEF1 Start ON NEF1 Start OFF NEF1 Trip ON NEF1 Trip OFF NEF1 Block ON NEF1 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 74: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    The directional overcurrent function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 75 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional overcurrent function. Figure. 5.3.4 - 36. Simplified function block diagram of the Idir> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 76 2: Blocked Set mode of DOC block. 3: Test Idir> LN mode 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 77 Pick-up setting 0.10…40.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 78 In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. Figure. 5.3.4 - 38. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 79 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, remaining -1800.000...1800.00s 0.005s this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip meas The ratio between the highest measured phase current and the pick-up 0.00...1250.00I 0.01I at the value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 80 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.4 - 66. Event messages. Event block name Event names DOC1 Start ON DOC1 Start OFF DOC1 Trip ON DOC1 Trip OFF DOC1 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 81 Measuring live angle OFF DOC3 Using voltmem ON DOC3 Using voltmem OFF DOC4 Start ON DOC4 Start OFF DOC4 Trip ON DOC4 Trip OFF DOC4 Block ON DOC4 Block OFF DOC4 No voltage, Blocking ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 82: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    (DT) or for inverse definite minimum time (IDMT); the IDMT operation supports both IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 83 Both I and U must be above the squelch limit to be able to detect the angle. The squelch limit for the I current is 0.01 x I and for the U voltage 0.01 x U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 84 3: Peak- available when "Input selection" has been set to "I01" or "I02". to-peak 1: I01 Input 2: I02 1: I01 Defines which measured residual current is used by the function. selection 3: I0Calc © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 85 I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 86 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 87 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 5.3.5 - 42. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 88 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 89 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 90 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 91 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 92 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 93 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF1 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF1 I0Sinfi Trip OFF DEF2 Start ON DEF2 Start OFF DEF2 Trip ON DEF2 Trip OFF DEF2 Block ON DEF2 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 94 DEF4 Block OFF DEF4 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF4 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF4 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF4 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 95: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    (DT) or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT). The IDMT operation supports both IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selelction • input magnitude processing © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 96 Time base Positive sequence current magnitude 5 ms Negative sequence current magnitude 5 ms Zero sequence current magnitude 5 ms I1 ANG Positive sequence current angle 5 ms I2 ANG Negative sequence current angle 5 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 97 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 98 Both IEC and IEEE/ANSI standard characteristics as well as user settable parameters are available for the IDMT operation. Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 99 OFF for messages in the main event buffer. The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 100 Date and time Event Used SG current current current currents remaining Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip Start/Trip Start -200ms I1, I2, IZ mag. 0 ms...1800s group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name -20ms current current current and ang. active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 101: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 102 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 103 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 104 Set mode of HOC block. Blocked Ih> LN mode 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in 4: Test/ General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 105 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 106 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 107 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 108: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counters for RETRIP, CBFP, CBFP START and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker failure protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 109 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 110 ("DO"), or a combination signals only of the three. 7: Signals and DO 8: Signals or 9: Current or DO or signals 10: Current and DO and Signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 111 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 112 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the starting condition CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 113 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incomer breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 114 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 115 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 116 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 117 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 118 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 119 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 120 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 121 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 5.3.8 - 58. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 122 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.8 - 94. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF CBF1 Retrip ON CBF1 Retrip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 123: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    The function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operating mode of the function can be changed via setting group selection. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 124 RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 IL1Ang Angle of phase L1 (A) current IL2 Ang Angle of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 125 Setting for basic sensitivity of the differential characteristics. (of I Turnpoint 0.01…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.00×I Setting for first turn point in the bias axe of the differential characteristics. Slope 1 0.01…150.00% 0.01% 10.00% Setting for the first slope of the differential characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 126 The equations for the differential characteristics are the following: Figure. 5.3.9 - 62. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). Figure. 5.3.9 - 63. Bias current (the calculation is based on the user-selected mode). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 127 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. The following figures present some typical applications for this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 128 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 129 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 130 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 131 TRIP-activated and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 132: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 133 0: P-P Measured Selection of phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages. Additionally, the U3 or voltages voltages magnitude U4 input can be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. 2: U3 input (2LL-U3SS) 3: U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 134 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.10 - 70. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.10 - 71. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 135 Table. 5.3.10 - 105. Pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default 0: 1 voltage Operation mode Pick-up criteria selection 1: 2 voltages 0: 1 voltage 2: 3 voltages 50.00…150.00%U 0.01%U 105%U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 136 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 137 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected delay type. IDMT 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 138 Table. 5.3.10 - 109. Event messages. Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 139: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    (DT) mode and inverse definite minimum time (IDMT). The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal checks (undervoltage block or stage external signal) • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 140 Table. 5.3.11 - 111. Measurement inputs of the U< function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 141 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.11 - 74. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.11 - 75. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 142 Name Description Range Step Default 0.00…120.00%U 0.01%U 60%U Pick-up setting U Block Block setting. If set to zero, blocking is not in use. The operation is 0.00…100.00%U 0.01%U 10%U setting explained in the next chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 143 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 144 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 145 2: Yes element is reset. release time The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 146 Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 147: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    100/√3 V = 57.74 V. Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 5.3.12 - 78. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 148 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 149 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 150 Primary voltage required for tripping. The displayed pick-up voltage level U0> Pick- 0.0...1 000 000.0V 0.1V depends on the chosen U0 measurement input selection, on the pick-up up setting settings and on the voltage transformer settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 151 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 152 In the release delay option the operating time counter calculates the operating time during the release. When using this option the function does not trip if the input signal is not re-activated while the release time count is on-going. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 153 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 154: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 5.3.13 - 82. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 155 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 5.3.13 - 85. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 156 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the sequence voltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 157 Set mode of VUB block. 2: Blocked U1/2 >/< LN 3: Test 0: On mode This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 158 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. Figure. 5.3.13 - 89. Example of the block setting operation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 159 There are three basic operating modes available for the function: • Instant operation: gives the TRIP signal with no additional time delay simultaneously with the START signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 160 2: Yes release 2: Yes element is not activated during this time. When disabled, the operating time time counter is reset directly after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 161 Trip OFF VUB2 Block ON VUB2 Block OFF VUB3 Start ON VUB3 Start OFF VUB3 Trip ON VUB3 Trip OFF VUB3 Block ON VUB3 Block OFF VUB4 Start ON VUB4 Start OFF VUB4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 162: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 163 The frequency protection function compares the measured frequency to the pick-up setting (given in Hz). The source of the measured frequency depends on the user-defined tracking reference which can be chosen from the Frequency tab of the Measurement menu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 164 0: No 0: No f< used in setting group group. 1: Yes f<< used in setting group f<<< used in setting group f<<<< used in setting group fset> fset>> Pick-up setting 10.00…80.00Hz 0.01Hz 51Hz fset>>> fset>>>> © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 165 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 166 Start OFF FRQV1 f>>>> Trip ON FRQV1 f>>>> Trip OFF FRQV1 f< Start ON FRQV1 f< Start OFF FRQV1 f< Trip ON FRQV1 f< Trip OFF FRQV1 f<< Start ON FRQV1 f<< Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 167: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    One of the most common causes for the frequency to deviate from its nominal value is an unbalance between the generated power and the load demand. If the unbalance is big the frequency changes rapidly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 168 The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 169 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 170 This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on this delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 171 START, TRIP and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 172 DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Trip ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Trip OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (1) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (1) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (2) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (2) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 173: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    The power protection function is for instant and time-delayed, three-phase overpower or underpower protection (active, reactive, or apparent). The user can select the operating mode with parameter settings. The figure below presents the pick-up areas of the function's different modes, displayed in a PQ diagram. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 174 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the power protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 175 The function constantly calculates the ratio between the PQS>/< and the measured power magnitude. The reset ratios of 97 % (pick-up mode "Over") and 103 % (pick-up mode "Under") are built into the function and is always relative to the pick-up value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 176 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining to -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping trip occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 177 Start ON PWR1 Start OFF PWR1 Trip ON PWR1 Trip OFF PWR1 Block ON PWR1 Block OFF PWR2 Start ON PWR2 Start OFF PWR2 Trip ON PWR2 Trip OFF PWR2 Block ON PWR2 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 178: Motor Status Monitoring

    • missing phase • load normal • overloading • high overcurrent signals. The signals can be used in indication or in application logics. They are also the basis of the events the function generates (if so chosen). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 179 Figure. 5.3.17 - 96. Simplified function block diagram of the motor status monitoring function. The function's outputs are dependent on the motor data the user has set. The following two diagram present the function's outputs in various situations. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 180 “No load current” setting. These motor status signals can be used in the motor protection scheme to block overcurrent stages, to change setting groups, and to release blockings (e.g if something happens during start-up). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 181 START signals behave during a motor start-up. Also note that the Mo Mot t or star or starting ting signal can be used to block the overcurrent stage. Figure. 5.3.17 - 99. Blocking application in the relay configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 182 Settings and signals The settings of the motor status monitoring function are mostly shared with other motor protection functions in the device's motor module. The following table shows these other functions that also use these settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 183 This setting is used for automatic curve 0.1…40.0xI 0.1xI 6.0xI starting (Tm>; 49M) selection and calculation. Also, the nominal starting current - Motor start capacity calculation is based on this value. monitoring (Ist>; 48) - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 184 - Motor start this setting limit it is considered to be overcurrent fault monitoring and corresponding measures can be applied to (Ist>; 48) disconnect the feeder and motor from the supply. - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 185 (Tm>; 49M) - Undercurrent (I<; 37) - Motor status monitoring - Machine thermal No load 0.1...5000A 0.1A overload The motor's no load current in amperes. current < A protection (Tm>; 49M) - Undercurrent (I<; 37) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 186 0.1s 15.0s overload automatic control. This parameter is also used in the protection motor start-up and the number of starts calculations. (Tm>; 49M) - Motor start monitoring (Ist>; 48) - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 187 "No active Load 0: Not load current" and below the motor's nominal current (including the ambient and Normal active service factor corrections). Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 188: Motor Start/ Locked Rotor Monitoring (Ist>; 48/14)

    5.3.18 Motor start/ locked rotor monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) The motor start/locked rotor monitoring function is used for monitoring the start-up's duration as well as the start-up's stress on the motor. The function can also be used after starting locked rotor protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 189 Ist> function for various situations. It is advised that the speed switch –if available– is also used for the motor start monitoring, especially when the motor has a high load when starting, thus making the start-up take very long. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 190 If the starting of the motor takes longer than the function's set value, the function trips the breaker and halts the starting process; if the motor cannot start normally there is something wrong with the application. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 191 If the speed switch is in use while a similar situation happens (that is, that the motor starting is taking longer than it should), the speed switch ensures that the start-up of the motor is still going fine and the function lets the starting process continue. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 192 If the motor start-up with a speed switch exceeds the allowed safe stall time of the motor specifications, the function trips. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 193 The function monitors either given definite time, or the I value and the speed switch input. If given time is exceeded during the stall time the function initiates tripping of the motor from the stall condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 194 The motor starting mode selection. The user can select Motor 1: Y-delta 0: DOL - Motor start between direct-on-line (DOL), Star-Delta and Soft start in Start 2: Soft start monitoring future releases. (Ist>; 48/14) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 195 1.5xI detect - Motor start load current limit and the start detect current limit within a current monitoring ten-millisecond period. If the current increases slower, it is (Ist>; 48/14) not defined as a motor start. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 196 - Motor status monitoring - Machine thermal overload protection locked (Tm>; 49M) 0.1...5000A 0.1A The maximum locked rotor current in amperes. rotor - Motor start current A monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) Mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 197 This (Tm>; 49M) parameter is also used in the motor start-up and the number - Motor start of starts calculations. monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) - Mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 198 Active 0: Not Ist> active 0: Not The BLOCKED output of the function. This signal activates when the START output is BLOCKED active activated but the function is blocked from operating normally. Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 199: Frequent Start Protection (N>; 66)

    N> function, thus allowing the motor to cool down sufficiently before the next start attempt. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 200 (in hours) is then subtracted from this sum. This way the start counter can be applied to follow the motor's thermal status and the number of starts per hour accurately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 201 In each start the counter is increased by this product which is then in every cycle deduct by starts/given time divided by program cycle time. This way the start-up counter can be precisely set for each motor. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 202 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 203 This parameter is also used (Tm>; 49M) in the motor start-up and the number of starts calculations. - Motor start monitoring (Ist>; 48) - Load jam protection (Im>; 50M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 204 (1) or more starts available. Active 0: Not N> active Blocked output of the function. This signal activates when the function is activated BLOCKED but is blocked from operating normally. Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 205: Non-Directional Undercurrent Protection (I<; 37)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. In the time-delayed mode the operation can be set to operate on definite time (DT) delay. The inputs for the function are the following: • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 206 2: Blocked Set mode of NUC block. I< LN 3: Test 0: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled mode 4: Test/ in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 207 (Tm>; 49M) - Undercurrent (I<; 37) - Motor status monitoring - Machine No load thermal 0.1...5 000 current< 0.1 A overload The motor's no load current in amperes. protection (Tm>; 49M) - Undercurrent (I<; 37) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 208 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 209: Mechanical Jam Protection (Im>; 51M)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. In the time-delayed mode the operation can be set to definite time (DT) delay. The inputs for the function are the following: • setting parameters © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 210 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 211 - Machine thermal overload protection (Tm>; 49M) Motor In 0.1...5 0.1A - Motor start The motor's nominal current in amperes. 000.0A monitoring (Ist>; 48) Undercurrent (I<; 37) - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 212 0.1A 000.0A (Tm>; 49M) automatic curve selection and the control only short time current - Motor start constant (stall) are in use. monitoring (Ist>; 48) - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 213 - Machine thermal overload overload 0.1...5 protection 0.1A The maximum overload current of the motor in amperes. current 000.0A (Tm>; 49M) - Motor start monitoring (Ist>; 48) - Load jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 214 This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on this delay type please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 215 START, TRIP, and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 216: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    The power factor protection function is the ratio of active power to apparent power (cos φ = P/S). In a fully resistive load the power factor is 1.00. In partially inductive loads the power factor is under 1.00. Power factor protection cannot detect a power factor value that is too low. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 217 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 218 2: Blocked Set mode of UPF block. PF< LN 3: Test 0: On mode 4: Test/ This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 219 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s to trip trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. / PF meas 0.00...1250.00 0.01 The ratio between the measured power factor and the pick-up value. at the moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 220 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 221: Machine Thermal Overload Protection (Tm>; 49M)

    = Long thermal cooling time constant (motor stopped) of the protected object (in minutes) • τ = Long thermal cooling time constant (motor running) of the protected object (in minutes) • W = Correction factor between the times t and t © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 222 100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is completely zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 223 The formulas below present examples of the calculation of the ambient temperature coefficient (a linear correction factor to the maximum allowed current): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 224 The settable thermal capacity curve uses linear interpolation for ambient temperature correction with a maximum of ten (10) pairs of temperature–correction factor pairs. The temperature and coefficient pairs are set to the TM> function's settable correction curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 225 (locked rotor, overloading situations) in order to achieve a suitable thermal image for the machine. The following figure presents the various differences to consider when solve the time constants in the motor (as compared to single time constant objects like cables). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 226 Figure. 5.3.23 - 120. Simplified motor construction and time constants. Any normal induction machine such as electric motors have the following major components: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 227 (DOL) starting. Table. 5.3.23 - 187. Motor heating during DOL starting. The motor is de-energized and all parts of it are in the ambient temperature. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 228 Most motors are rotor- limited which results in the rotor heating up to dangerously high temperatures before the stator. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 229 Now, the heat transfer is stabilized and the heat generated in the motor is transferred to the surrounding air and the temperatures of the internal components are not increasing any longer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 230 RTD elements. The rotor temperature is highest on the drive end becuase the cooling is the weakest there (as can be seen in the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 231 1.15 and the ambient temperature was measured to be 24 degrees Celsius. In this case the motor was started without a load, and the loading was increased directly after starting in order to concentrate the heating effects of stable loading. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 232 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 122. Measured motor temperature in heating/cooling test. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 233 Thermal trip curves Motor thermal curves are useful when studying motor heating in possible overload and start-up situations. These are usually available upon request from manufacturers, and the relay operation can be set according to these. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 234 If the motor is continuously running with a constant load, the cooling time constant is not that significant and can be estimated to be e.g. two to three times longer than the heating time constant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 235 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 125. Comparing single time constant thermal replica tripping curves to given motor thermal characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 236 In the curve simulations the hot condition was defined as 70 % of the thermal capacity. The following figures present the tripping and cooling curves of the thermal replica. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 237 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 127. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 0% (cold). Figure. 5.3.23 - 128. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 90% (hot). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 238 Figure. 5.3.23 - 129. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre-load 0% (cold) Figure. 5.3.23 - 130. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre-load 90% (hot). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 239 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 131. Thermal cooling curves, single cooling time constant. Figure. 5.3.23 - 132. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic dual time constant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 240 Figure. 5.3.23 - 133. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic triple time constant (motor is running without load in the first part with dedicated time constant). Figure. 5.3.23 - 134. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 241 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 135. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 3. Figure. 5.3.23 - 136. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 7. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 242 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the TRIP, ALARM 1, ALARM 2, INHIBIT and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the machine thermal overload protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 243 Activated Temp C or 0: C The selection of whether the temperature values of the thermal image and RTD 0: C F deg 1: F compensation are shown in Celsius or in Fahrenheit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 244 - motor status monitoring - machine thermal overload Nominal protection starting (TM>; 49M) 0.1...5000.0A 0.1A The motor's locked rotor current in amperes. current - motor start/ locked rotor monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 245 - motor status monitoring - machine thermal overload protection locked (TM>; 49M) rotor 0.1...5000.0A 0.1A The maximum locked rotor current in amperes. - motor start/ current locked rotor monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 246 If the (TM>; 49M) service factor is not known, this parameter should be left at its default setting of 1.00 x I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 247 The negative sequence current biasing factor. This factor depends on the NPS-bias motor's construction and is in relation to the positive and negative 0.1…10.0 factor sequence rotor resistances. A typical value for this is the default setting 3.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 248 T 0…3000.0min 1.0min 10.0min heating and cooling. This setting is visible when the time constants option const "Multiple" and the "Set manually" option from "Estimate short TC and timings" are both selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 249 0: Linear est. calculated compensation based on end temperatures or by a user-settable lin. or Linear 1: Set curve curve. The default setting is "0: Linear est." which means the internally curve calculated correction for ambient temperature. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 250 40 % ALARM 1 activation threshold. level Enable 0: Disabled TM> Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 2 signal and the IO. 1: Enabled Alarm 2 TM> Alarm 2 0.0…150.0 % 40 % ALARM 2 activation threshold. level © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 251 2: Blocked Displays the mode of TOLM block. TM> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General behaviour 4: Test/ menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 252 - TM> T est. with act. curr.: estimation of the used thermal capacity including the current at a given moment - TM> T at a given moment: the thermal capacity used at that moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 253 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for TRIP, BLOCKED, etc. signals. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 254: Resistance Temperature Detectors

    (2) separate alarms from one selected input. The user can set alarms and measurements to be either in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. The following figure shows the principal structure of the resistance temperature detection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 255 There are sixteen (16) available sensor inputs in the function. An active alarm requires a valid channel measurement. It can be invalid if communication is not working or if a sensor is broken. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 256 Enables/disables the selection of Alarm 2 for the 0: Disable 1: Enable measurement channel x. 0: > Selects whether the measurement is above or S1...S16 Alarm2 >/< 0: > 1: < below the setting value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 257 S4 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S5 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S5 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S5 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S5 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S6 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S6 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S6 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S6 Alarm2 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 258 S14 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S14 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S14 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S15 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S15 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S15 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S15 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S16 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S16 Alarm1 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 259 S12 Meas Invalid RTD2 S13 Meas Ok RTD2 S13 Meas Invalid RTD2 S14 Meas Ok RTD2 S14 Meas Invalid RTD2 S15 Meas Ok RTD2 S15 Meas Invalid RTD2 S16 Meas Ok RTD2 S16 Meas Invalid © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 260: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 261 26 output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the TRIP and BLOCKED events for each zone. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 262 AQ-100 series units. The parameter I/I0 Arc> Self supervision test pulse should be activated when connecting the AQ-100 series units to the AQ-200 series arc protection card to prevent the pulses from activating ArcBI1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 263 If either phase overcurrent or residual overcurrent is needed for the tripping decision, they can be enabled in the same way as light sensors in the zone. When a current channel is enabled, the measured current needs to be above the set current limit in addition to light sensing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 264 Table. 5.3.25 - 205. Enabled Zone pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default Phase 0.05...40.00 0.01 current The phase current measurement's pick-up value (in p.u.). 1.2 x I pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 265 HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. Table. 5.3.25 - 206. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Description © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 266 START, TRIP, and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 267 ARC1 Channel 2 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 2 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 3 Light ON ARC1 Channel 3 Light OFF ARC1 Channel 3 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 3 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 4 Light ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 268: Programmable Stage (Pgx>/<; 99)

    (10) depending on how many the application needs. In the image below, the number of programmable stages have been set to two which makes PS1 and PS2 to appear. Inactive stages are hidden until they are activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 269 2: Blocked Displays the mode of PGS block. PSx >/< LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is behaviour 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 270 Divides Signal 1 by Signal 2. The comparison uses the product of this calculation. 2: Max (Mag1, The bigger value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. Mag2) 3: Min (Mag1, The smaller value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. Mag2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 271 2: Min (Mag1, Mag2, Mag3) The smallest value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. 3: Mag1 OR Mag2 OR Mag3 Any of the signals fulfills the pick-up condition. Each signal has their own pick-up setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 272 Signal 1 or Signal 2 as well as Signal 3 fulfill the pick-up condition. The settings for different comparisons are in the setting groups. This means that each signal parameter can be changed by changing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 273 (in p.u.) IL1 7 IL1 7 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 9 IL1 9 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 11 IL1 11 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 13 IL1 13 harmonic value (in p.u.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 274 Description I01 ff (p.u.) I01 Fundamental frequency RMS value (in p.u.) I01 2 I01 2 harmonic value (in p.u.) I01 3 I01 3 harmonic value (in p.u.) I01 4 I01 4 harmonic value (in p.u.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 275 Positive sequence current value (in p.u.) I2 Mag Negative sequence current value (in p.u.) IL1 Ang IL1 angle of current IL2 Ang IL2 angle of current IL3 Ang IL3 angle of current I01 Ang I01 angle of current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 276 Positive sequence voltage U2 neg.seq.V Mag Negative sequence voltage U0CalcAng Calculated residual voltage angle U1 pos.seq.V Ang Positive sequence voltage angle U2 neg.seq.V Ang Negative sequence voltage angle P P o o w w ers © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 277 Reactance X L23 secondary (Ω) RL31Sec Resistance R L31 secondary (Ω) XL31Sec Reactance X L31 secondary (Ω) Z12Pri Impedance Z L12 primary (Ω) Z23Pri Impedance Z L23 primary (Ω) Z31Pri Impedance Z L31 primary (Ω) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 278 ZSeqSec Positive Impedance Z secondary (Ω) ZSeqAngle Positive Impedance Z angle GL1Pri Conductance G L1 primary (mS) BL1Pri Susceptance B L1 primary (mS) GL2Pri Conductance G L2 primary (mS) BL2Pri Susceptance B L2 primary (mS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 279 Transformer thermal temperature RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16 Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM) mA input 7,8,15,16 mA input channels 7, 8, 15, 16 ASC 1…4 Analog scaled curves 1…4 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 280 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 281 PGS1 PS4 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS5 >/< Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 282 PGS1 PS9 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 283: Voltage Memory

    2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. Figure. 5.3.27 - 143. Distance protection characteristics and directional overcurrent. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 284 Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 285 For example, let us say a 500 A current is measured on the primary side while the fixed frequency is set to 50 Hz. This results in the frequency dropping to 46 Hz, while the actual current measurement would be 460 A. Therefore, the system would have an error of 40 A. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 286: Control Functions

    The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 287 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 5.4.1 - 147. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 288 The selection of Setting group 1 ("SG1"). Has the highest priority input in setting group active 0: Not group control. Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, active no other SG requests will be processed. Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 289 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 290 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 291 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.4.1 - 149. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 292 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 293 The function does not have a register. Table. 5.4.1 - 217. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2 Enabled SG2 Disabled SG3 Enabled SG3 Disabled SG4 Enabled SG4 Disabled SG5 Enabled SG5 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 294 Force Request Fail Force ON Force Request Fail Force OFF SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request ON SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request OFF SG1 Active ON SG1 Active OFF SG2 Active ON SG2 Active OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 295: Object Control And Monitoring

    • digital input status indications (the OPEN and CLOSE status signals) • blockings (if applicable) • the OBJECT READY and SYNCHROCHECK monitor signals (if applicable). • Withdrawable cart IN and OUT status signals (if applicable). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 296 Circuit 2: Disconnector withdrawable cart is in/out status is monitored. See the next table ("Object breaker (MC) types") for a more detailed look at which functionalities each of the object types 3: Disconnector have. (GND) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 297 Functionalities Description Breaker cart position Circuit breaker position Circuit breaker control Withdrawable circuit Object ready check before closing The monitor and control configuration of the withdrawable breaker breaker circuit breaker. Synchrochecking before closing breaker Interlocks © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 298 Determines the maximum length for a Close pulse from the output relay to the 0.02…500.00 0.02 command 0.2 s controlled object. If the object operates faster than this set time, the control pulse pulse is reset and a status change is detected. length © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 299 Blocking and interlocking can be based on any of the following: other object statuses, a software function or a digital input. The image below presents an example of an interlock application, where the closed earthing switch interlocks the circuit breaker close command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 300 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 301 Final trip ON OBJ1 Final trip OFF OBJ2 Object Intermediate OBJ2 Object Open OBJ2 Object Close OBJ2 Object Bad OBJ2 WD Intermediate OBJ2 WD Out OBJ2 WD In OBJ2 WD Bad OBJ2 Open Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 302 Open Command ON OBJ3 Open Command OFF OBJ3 Close Request ON OBJ3 Close Request OFF OBJ3 Close Command ON OBJ3 Close Command OFF OBJ3 Open Blocked ON OBJ3 Open Blocked OFF OBJ3 Close Blocked ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 303 Close Blocked OFF OBJ4 Object Ready OBJ4 Object Not Ready OBJ4 Sync Ok OBJ4 Sync Not Ok OBJ4 Open Command Fail OBJ4 Close Command Fail OBJ4 Final trip ON OBJ4 Final trip OFF OBJ5 Object Intermediate © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 304 Object Intermediate OBJ6 Object Open OBJ6 Object Close OBJ6 Object Bad OBJ6 WD Intermediate OBJ6 WD Out OBJ6 WD In OBJ6 WD Bad OBJ6 Open Request ON OBJ6 Open Request OFF OBJ6 Open Command ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 305 OBJ7 Close Request ON OBJ7 Close Request OFF OBJ7 Close Command ON OBJ7 Close Command OFF OBJ7 Open Blocked ON OBJ7 Open Blocked OFF OBJ7 Close Blocked ON OBJ7 Close Blocked OFF OBJ7 Object Ready © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 306 Object Not Ready OBJ8 Sync Ok OBJ8 Sync Not Ok OBJ8 Open Command Fail OBJ8 Close Command Fail OBJ8 Final trip ON OBJ8 Final trip OFF OBJ9 Object Intermediate OBJ9 Object Open OBJ9 Object Close © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 307 OBJ10 Object Bad OBJ10 WD Intermediate OBJ10 WD Out OBJ10 WD In OBJ10 WD Bad OBJ10 Open Request ON OBJ10 Open Request OFF OBJ10 Open Command ON OBJ10 Open Command OFF OBJ10 Close Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 308: Indicator Object Monitoring

    (2) digital inputs. Alternatively, object status monitoring can be performed with a single digital input: the input's active state and its zero state (switched to 1 with a NOT gate in the Logic editor). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 309 ON, OFF, or both. Table. 5.4.3 - 227. Event messages (instances 1-10). Event block name Event names CIN1 Intermediate CIN1 Open CIN1 Close CIN1 CIN2 Intermediate © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 310 CIN6 Intermediate CIN6 Open CIN6 Close CIN6 CIN7 Intermediate CIN7 Open CIN7 Close CIN7 CIN8 Intermediate CIN8 Open CIN8 Close CIN8 CIN9 Intermediate CIN9 Open CIN9 Close CIN9 CIN10 Intermediate CIN10 Open CIN10 Close CIN10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 311: Milliampere Output Control

    0: Currents Magnitude 1: Voltages selection for 2: Powers Defines the measurement category that is used for mA 0: Currents mA output 3: Impedance and output control. channel admittance 4: Other © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 312 Table. 5.4.4 - 231. Measurement values reported by mA output cards. Name Range Step Description mA in Channel 1 Displays the measured mA value of the selected input 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA channel. mA in Channel 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 313: Programmable Control Switch

    ON, OFF, or both. The function offers five (5) independent switches. Table. 5.4.5 - 233. Event messages. Event block name Event names Switch 1 ON Switch 1 OFF Switch 2 ON Switch 2 OFF Switch 3 ON Switch 3 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 314: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    "ASC1...4 input out of range" signal is 1: Yes activated. -1 000 Curve1...4 input Defines the minimum input of the curve. If input is below the 000.00...1 000 0.00001 0 minimum set limit, "ASC1...4 input out of range" is activated. 000.00 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 315 If for some reason the input signal is lost, the value is fixed to the last actual measured cycle value. The value does not go down to the minimum if it has been something else at the time of the signal breaking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 316: Logical Outputs

    5 ("OUT5") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". The image above is from the logic editor and the image below from AQtivate 200. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 317: Logical Inputs

    "Pulse" mode is controlled to "1", the input will switch to status "1" and return back to "0" after 5 ms. The figure below presents the operation of a logical input in Hold mode and in Pulse mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 318: Monitoring Functions

    CTs as well as the wirings between the device and the CT inputs for malfunctions and wire breaks. An open CT circuit can generate dangerously high voltages into the CT secondary side, and cause unintended activations of current balance monitoring functions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 319 • The calculated difference (IL1+IL2+IL3+I0) exceeds the I difference setting (optional). • The above-mentioned condition is met until the set time delay for alarm. The inputs of the function are the following: • setting parameters • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 320 The function block uses analog current measurement values, the RMS magnitude of the current measurement inputs, and the calculated positive and negative sequence currents. The user can select what is used for the residual current measurement: nothing, the I01 RMS measurement, or the I02 RMS measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 321 0: Add Defines the polarity of residual current channel connection. Subtract 0: - Compensate natural When activated while the line is energized, the currently present calculated 0: - unbalance residual current is compensated to 0. Comp © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 322 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 323 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 324 Figure. 5.5.1 - 162. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 325 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 326 Figure. 5.5.1 - 166. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 327 Figure. 5.5.1 - 168. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 328 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 329: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM BUS, ALARM LINE and BLOCKED events. Figure. 5.5.2 - 170. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 330 RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U Positive sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage Zero sequence voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 331 The voltage transformer supervision can also report several different states of the measured voltage. These can be seen in the function's INFO tab in the relay's HMI or in AQtivate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 332 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 333 Event 1: Voltage OK 2: Bus live, VTS Setting group 0.00...360.00deg alarm hh:mm:ss.mss name 2: Low OK, Seq. reversed 1...8 active voltage 3: Bus live, VTS 0...1800s OK, Seq. undefined 4: Bus live, VTS fault © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 334: Circuit Breaker Wear

    "Open" operations as well as the ALARM 1 and ALARM 2 events. The function can also monitor the operations left for each phase. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 335 Table. 5.5.3 - 252. Settings for circuit breaker characteristics. Name Range Step Default Description The number of interrupting life operations at the nominal current (Close - Operations 1 0…200 000 50 000 Open). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 336 Let us examine the settings, using a low-duty vacuum circuit breaker (ISM25_LD_1/3) manufactured by Tavrida as an example. The image below presents the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, with the data relevant to our settings highlighted in red: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 337 With these settings, Alarm 1 is issued when the cumulative interruption counter for any of the three phases dips below the set 1000 remaining operations ("Alarm 1 Set"). Similarly, when any of the counters dips below 100 remaining operations, Alarm 2 is issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 338 CBWEAR1 Alarm 2 OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 339: Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal chec • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 340 The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter (common for all measurement channels). General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 341 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 342 Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual current 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay I01's measured THD. I02 THD alarm Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual current 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay I02's measured THD. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 343: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    The maximum sample rate of the recorder's analog channels is 64 samples per cycle. The recorder also supports 95 digital channels simultaneously with the twenty (20) measured analog channels. Maximum capacity of recordings is 100. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 344 Voltage measurement module voltage supply supervision (VT card 2) Phase current I (CT card 3) IL1''' IL2''' Phase current I (CT card 3) Phase current I (CT card 3) IL3''' Residual current I coarse* (CT card 3) I01'''c © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 345 Pha.Lx pow. THD Phase Lx power THD (L1, L2, L3) calc.I0 Calculated I0 Res.I0x ampl. THD Residual I0x amplitude THD (I01, I02) calc.I0 Pha.angle Calculated I0 phase angle Res.I0x pow. THD Residual I0x power THD (I01, I02) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 346 Current Pri. (IL1, IL2, IL3) Current Sec. (I01, I02) ILx Reactive Primary reactive current ILx I0x Residual Reactive Secondary residual reactive current I0x Current Pri. (IL1, IL2, IL3) Current Sec. (I01, I02) Power, GYB, frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 347 Internal Relay Fault active front panel are pressed. is active. buttons Status (Protection, control and (see the individual function description for PushButton x Status of Push Button 1...12 is ON monitoring event signals) the specific outputs) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 348 Manual 0: - Triggers disturbance recording manually. This parameter will return 0: - trigger 1: Trig back to "-" automatically. Clear all 0: - 0: - Clears all disturbance recordings. records 1: Clear © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 349 Sets the recording length before the trigger. time 0…8 freely Selects the analog channel for recording. Please see the list of all Analog recording selectable available analog channels in the section titled "Analog and digital CH1...CH20 channels recording channels". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 350 For example, let us say the nominal frequency is 50 Hz, the selected sample rate is 64 s/c, nine (9) analog channels and two (2) digital channels record. The calculation is as follows: Therefore, the maximum recording length in our example is approximately 496 seconds. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 351 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 352 Once clicked, the "Add graph" pop-up window appears (see the image below on the right). In the example the line-to-neutral voltages UL1, UL2 and UL3 are selected and moved to the window on the right. Confirm the selection by clicking the "OK" button. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 353 (manually or by dedicated signals). Events cannot be masked off. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 354: Running Hour Counter

    1: Clear Table. 5.5.6 - 273. Event messages. Event block name Event name RHC1 Running hour counter ON RHC1 Running hour counter OFF RHC1 Running hour counter cleared ON RHC1 Running hour counter cleared OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 355: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 356 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL3 U1Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I01 U2Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I02 U3Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Calc.I0 U4Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.Mvarh Pha.Curr.IL1 TRMS Sec Pos.Seq.Volt.Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.kvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 357 Pha.angle IL1 System Volt UL31 mag (kV) Other mea Other measur surements ements Pha.angle IL2 System Volt UL1 mag TM> Trip expect mode Pha.angle IL3 System Volt UL1 mag (kV) TM> Time to 100% T © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 358 L2 Tan(phi) L1 Diff current Pha.Curr.I”L2 L2 Cos(phi) L1 Char current Pha.Curr.I”L3 L3 Apparent Power (S) L2 Bias current Res.Curr.I”01 L3 Active Power (P) L2 Diff current Res.Curr.I”02 L3 Reactive Power (Q) L2 Char current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 359: Measurement Value Recorder

    Measured input The function block uses analog current and voltage measurement values. Based on these values, the relay calculates the primary and secondary values of currents, voltages, powers, and impedances as well as other values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 360 XL12, XL23, XL31, RL1, RL2, RL3 The phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral resistances, reactances and impedances. XL1, XL2, XL3 Z12, Z23, Z31 ZL1, ZL2, ZL3 Z12Ang, Z23Ang, Z31Ang, The phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral impedance angles. ZL1Ang, ZL2Ang, ZL3Ang © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 361 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 362 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G 3: A-B Overcurrent fault type The overcurrent fault type. 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 363 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. Table. 5.5.8 - 276. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 364: Sy Y St Stem Int 6 S Em Integra Egration Tion

    • Write multiple holding registers (function code 16) • Read/Write multiple registers (function code 23) The following data can be accessed using both Modbus/TCP and Modbus/RTU: • Device measurements • Device I/O • Commands • Events • Time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 365: Modbus I/O

    Defines the Modbus unit address for the selected I/O Module (A, B, or C). If this setting 0…247 address is set to "0", the selected module is not in use. Module x 0: ADAM-4018+ Selects the module type. type 1: ADAM-4015 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 366: Iec 61850

    AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: • Up to six data sets (predefined data sets can be edited with the IEC 61850 tool in AQtivate) •...

  • Page 367: Goose

    → AQ-200 series → Resources). 6.1.5 GOOSE Arcteq relays support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.

  • Page 368: Iec 103

    (slave) station. The IEC 103 protocol can be selected for the serial ports that are available in the device. A primary (master) station can then communicate with the Arcteq device and receive information by polling from the slave device. The transfer of disturbance recordings is not supported.

  • Page 369: Dnp3

    Selects the variation of the double point signal. 1: Var 2 0: Var 1 1: Var 2 Group 20 variation (CNTR) 0: Var 1 Selects the variation of the control signal. 2: Var 5 3: Var 6 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 370 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 371: Iec 101/104

    The measurement scaling coefficients are available for the following measurements, in addition to the general measurement scaling coefficient: • Active energy • Reactive energy • Active power • Reactive power • Apparent power • Power factor • Frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 372 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 373: Spa

    With the Real-time signals to communication menu the user can report to SCADA measurements that are not normally available in the communication protocols mapping. Up to eight (8) magnitudes can be selected. The recorded value can be either a per-unit value or a primary value (set by the user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 374 Cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL2 cosfiL3 Impedances and admittances RL12, RL23, RL31 XL12, XL23, XL31 RL1, RL2, RL3 XL1, XL2, XL3 Phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral resistances, reactances and impedances. Z12, Z23, Z31 ZL1, ZL2, ZL3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 375 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - 000.000 The unit depends on the selected magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per-unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 376: Connections Of Aq-M255

    A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 7 Connections and application examples 7.1 Connections of AQ-M255 Figure. 7.1 - 180. AQ-M255 variant without add-on modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 377 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 7.1 - 181. AQ-M255 variant with digital input and output modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 378: Application Example And Its Connections

    A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 7.1 - 182. AQ-M255 application example with function block diagram. 7.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the motor protection IED. © Arcteq Relays Ltd...

  • Page 379: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series IED with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 380: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 381 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 382 There is one main difference between non-latched and latched control in trip circuit supervision: when using the latched control, the trip circuit (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the IED's trip output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 383 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 384 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 7.4 - 189. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 385: Construction And Installa

    The images below present the modules of both the non-optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA) and a partially optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-BBBBBCAAAA BBBBBCAAAAJ J ). Figure. 8.1 - 190. Modular construction of AQ-X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 386 In field upgrades, therefore, the add-on module must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 387 "OUT11", "OUT12", "OUT13", "OUT14" and "OUT15" to this slot. If the scan finds the arc protection module, it reserves the sensor channels ("S1", "S2", "S3", "S4"), the high-speed outputs ("HSO1", "HSO2"), and the digital input channel ("ArcBI") to this slot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 388: Cpu Module

    = DATA +, Pin 2 = DATA –, Pin 3 = GND, Pins 4 & 5 = Terminator resistor enabled by shorting. X1-1 Digital input 1, nominal threshold voltage 24 V, 110 V or 220 V. X1-2 Digital input 2, nominal threshold voltage 24 V, 110 V or 220 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 389 Defines the delay for the status change from 1 to 0. time 0: Disabled Selects whether or not a 30-ms deactivation delay is added to DIx AC mode 1: Enabled Disabled account for alternating current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 390: Current Measurement Module

    1 A and 5 A, which provide ±0.5 % inaccuracy when the range is 0.005…4 × I The measurement ranges are as follows: • Phase currents 25 mA…250 A (RMS) • Coarse residual current 5 mA…150 A (RMS) • Fine residual current 1 mA…75 A (RMS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 391: Voltage Measurement Module

    • The quantization of the measurement signal is applied with 18-bit AD converters, and the sample rate of the signal is 64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 392: Digital Input Module (Optional)

    For the naming convention of the digital inputs provided by this module please refer to the chapter titled "Construction and installation". For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital input module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 393 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 394 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 8.5 - 299. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 395: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    Table. 8.6 - 300. Digital output user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 Description of the digital output. This description is used in several menu OUTx description OUTx characters types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 396: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    The rated voltage of the binary input is 24 VDC. The threshold picks up at ≥16 VDC. The binary input can be used for external light information or for similar applications. It can also be used as a part of various ARC schemes. Please note that the binary input's delay is 5…10ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 397: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 398: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    Description • Serial-based communications • Wavelength 660 nm Serial fiber (GG/ • Compatible with 50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 100/140 μm, and COM E PP/GP/PG) 200 μm Plastic-Clad Silica (PCS) fiber • Compatible with ST connectors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 399: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/plastic option, COM F is an RS-232 interface. 8.10 LC or RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 8.10 - 203. LC and RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet module connectors. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 400: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    Two-pin connector • Duplex ST connectors • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber • Transmitter wavelength: 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm) ST connectors • Receiver wavelength: 1100…1600 nm • 100BASE-FX • Up to 2 km © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 401 The images below present two example configurations: the first displays a ring configuration (note how the third party devices are connected in a separate ring), while the second displays a multidrop configuration. Figure. 8.11 - 205. Example of a ring configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 402: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    Figure. 8.11 - 206. Example of a multidrop configuration. 8.12 Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 8.12 - 207. Double RJ-45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Connector Description • IRIG-B input Two-pin connector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 403: Milliampere (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". Figure. 8.12 - 208. Example of a multidrop configuration. 8.13 Milliampere (mA) I/O module (optional) Figure. 8.13 - 209. Milliampere (mA) I/O module connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 404: Dimensions And Installation

    (½) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of two devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 8.14 - 210. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 405 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 8.14 - 211. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 406 A A Q Q -M255 -M255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 8.14 - 212. Panel cut-out and spacing of the IED. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 407: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    From 6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current Current measurement range 5 mA…150 A (RMS) 0.002…10.000 × I < ±0.5 % or < ±3 mA Current measurement inaccuracy 10…150 × I < ±0.5 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 408: Voltage Measurement

    4 independent VT inputs (U1, U2, U3 and U4) Measurement Sample rate 64 samples per cycle in frequency range 6...75Hz Voltage measuring range 0.50…480.00 V (RMS) 1…2 V ±1.5 % Voltage measurement inaccuracy 2…10 V ±0.5 % 10…480 V ±0.35 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 409: Power And Energy Measurement

    Inaccuracy 10 mHz 9.1.2 CPU & Power supply 9.1.2.1 Auxiliary voltage Table. 9.1.2.1 - 306. Power supply model A Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 85…265 V (AC/DC) < 20 W Power consumption < 40 W © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 410: Cpu Communication Ports

    Data transfer rate 100 MB System integration Cannot be used for system protocols, only for local programming Table. 9.1.2.2 - 309. Rear panel system communication port A. Port Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 411: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Settings Pick-up delay Software settable: 0…1800 s Polarity Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Current drain 2 mA Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 412: Cpu Digital Outputs

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm 9.1.3 Option cards 9.1.3.1 Digital input module Table. 9.1.3.1 - 314. Technical data for the digital input module. Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 5…265 V (AC/DC) Current drain 2 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 413: Digital Output Module

    8, 25 or 50 kLx (the sensor is selectable in the order code) Point sensor detection radius 180 degrees Typically <5 ms with dedicated semiconductor outputs (HSO) Start and instant operating time (light only) Typically <10 ms regular output relays © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 414: Milliampere Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    Table. 9.1.3.4 - 319. Technical data for the milliampere module. Signals Output magnitudes 4 × mA output signal (DC) Input magnitudes 1 × mA input signal (DC) mA input Range (hardware) 0...33 mA Range (measurement) 0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 415: Version

    Table. 9.1.3.7 - 322. Technical data for the double LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Protocols Protocols HSR and PRP Ports Quantity of fiber ports LC fiber connector Communication port C & D Wavelength 1300 nm Fiber cable 50/125 μm or 62.5/125 μm multimode (glass) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 416: Display

    ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio = 2 Typically 25 ms ratio = 5 Typically 16 ms ratio = 10 Typically 12 ms Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 417: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    <55 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 418: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    = 1.05…3 <50 ms Reset Reset ratio: - Current 97 % of the pick-up current setting - U1/I1 angle 2.0° Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 419: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: ±1.5 % or ±25 ms - IDMT operating time ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 420: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance

    <70 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.5 % or ±60 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <55 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 421: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    • Tripping: When using the harmonic overcurrent stage for tripping, please ensure that the operation time is set to 20 ms (DT) or longer to avoid nuisance tripping caused by the above- mentioned reasons. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 422: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    Bias (Turnpoint 1 & 2) 0.01…50.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I ±3% of the set pick-up value > 0.5 × I setting. Inaccuracy - Starting ±5 mA < 0.5 × I setting Operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 423: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms 9.2.1.10 Undervoltage protection (U<; 27) Table. 9.2.1.10 - 333. Technical data for the undervoltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 424: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Table. 9.2.1.11 - 334. Technical data for the neutral overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input (selectable) Residual voltage calculated from U RMS residual voltage U Voltage input magnitudes Calculated RMS residual voltage U Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 425: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV -Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy -Definite Time (U ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 426: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    <3 cycles or <70 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) Not t e! e! • The secondary voltage must exceed 2 volts or the current must exceed 0.25 amperes (peak- to peak) in order for the function to measure frequency. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 427: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    Table. 9.2.1.15 - 338. Technical data for the machine thermal overload protection function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current input magnitudes TRMS phase currents (up to the 31 harmonic) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 428: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    Three-phase active, reactive or apparent power (P, Q or S) value based on the chosen or Calculated measurements set nominal amplitude. Pick-up Comparator selection > or < -500.000...500.000 %/MVA , setting step 0.005 %/MVA > or < Inaccuracy: - Active, reactive, or apparent Typically <1.0 %P power Operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 429: Motor Start/ Locked Rotor Monitoring (Ist>; 48/14)

    Cumulative I2t sum inverse operation time 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio 0.95) ±1.0 % or ±40 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio 1.05→ <55 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 430: Frequent Start Protection (N>; 66)

    Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…150.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio 0.95) ±1.0 % or ±30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio <0.95 <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 431: Mechanical Jam Protection (Im>; 51M)

    24 alarms available (two per each alarm channel) Pick-up Alarm setting range 101.00…2000.00 deg, setting step 0.1 deg (either < or > setting) Inaccuracy ±3 % of the set pick-up value Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting Operation © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 432: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    8, 25 or 50 kLx (the sensor is selected in the order code) Starting inaccuracy (IArc> and I0Arc>) ±3 % of the set pick-up value > 0.5 × I setting. 5 mA < 0.5 × I setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 433: Voltage Memory

    103 % of the pick-up voltage setting - Voltage memory (current) 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time <50 ms Note! • Voltage memory is activated only when all line voltages fall below set pick-up value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 434: Control Functions

    Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse) (optional) Current inputs Residual current channel I (Fine) (optional) RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes RMS residual current (I ) (optional) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 435: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    <80 ms VTS MCB trip bus/line (external input) <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 97/103 % of the pick-up voltage setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±2.0 % or ±80 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 436: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio 1.05 < Typically <25 ms < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 437: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    The maximum number of recordings according to the chosen signals and operation time setting combined 9.2.3.7 Event logger Table. 9.2.3.7 - 356. Technical data for the event logger function. General information Event history capacity 15 000 events Event timestamp resolution 0.001 seconds © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 438: Tests And Environmental

    Shock and bump test EN 60255-1, EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-21-2 20 g, 1 000 bumps/dir. Table. 9.3 - 360. Environmental tests. Damp heat (cyclic) EN 60255-1, IEC 60068-2-30 Operational: +25…+55 °C, 93…97 % (RH), 12+12h © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 439 Height: 208 mm Dimensions Width: 257 mm (½ rack) Depth: 165 mm (no cards or connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 250 mm Dimensions Width: 343 mm Depth: 256 mm Weight 2.0 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 440: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module, pre- Requires an external power Advanced Co. ADAM-4015-CE configured module Ltd. ADAM-4018+- External 8-ch Thermocouple mA Input module, pre- Requires an external power Advanced Co. configured module Ltd. AQX121 Raising frame 120mm Arcteq Ltd. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...
  • Page 441 Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux AQ-02B Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux AQ-02C Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

  • Page 442: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00020...

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