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Forza FIO-P11K12 User Manual

Off-grid hybrid solar inverter and charger
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User Manual
Off-grid hybrid solar inverter and charger
FIO-P11K12
1KW

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Summary of Contents for Forza FIO-P11K12

  • Page 1 User Manual Off-grid hybrid solar inverter and charger FIO-P11K12...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Table of content IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 1. Introduction 2. Product overview 3. Preliminary steps 4. HARDWARE CONNECTIONS 4.1. AC connections 4.2. PV 4.3. Other communications 5. Operation 5.1. Power on/off 5.2. Display panel 6. Advanced operation 6.1. Main LCD configuration screen 6.2.

  • Page 3: Introduction

    MPPT charger, the PULSAR optimizes energy harvesting while reducing maintenance and operational costs. As the inverter has been conceived to easily integrate with the Forza battery and the embedded application, it provides seamless status monitoring along with remote management, all in real-time.
  • Page 4 Basic system architecture The following diagram illustrates a basic application for this inverter/charger. A complete running system should include the following power sources: - Generator or utility - PV modules Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements. This inverter can power a wide assortment of appliances in home or office environments, including motor-type appliances such as fans, refrigerators, air conditioners and even tube lights.

  • Page 5: Product Overview

    2. Product overview 1. LCD display panel 2. Status LED indicator 3. Charging LED indicator 4. Fault LED indicator 5. Configuration buttons 6. Power on/off switch 7. Grid connection (input) 8. AC output (load connection) 9. PV connector 10. Battery input 11.
  • Page 6 Preparation 1. On the underside of the unit, unfasten the screws holding the cover in place. 2. Remove the bottom cover to expose the wired connections and ports. Leave the screws in a safe place for replacing the cover once the hardware connections are completed. Mounting the unit Important •...

  • Page 7: Hardware Connections

    For proper ventilation and heat dissipation, allow clearances of approximately 20cm (8in) to either side and 50 cm (20in) above and below the unit. • To secure the unit(s) in place, insert the supplied M5x12mm hex screws at points A, B and C. M4 screws can be used as well.
  • Page 8 3. Insert the positive (+) and negative (–) ring terminals on the studs of the inverter observing the correct polarity at both ends. Ring terminal: 4. Tighten all connections according to the torque values listed in the table. It also contains the amperage values, plus the recommended size of cables and terminals.

  • Page 9: Ac Connections

    4.1 AC connections Before any connections are made, open all disconnect devices on both AC and DC sources. CAUTION!! Before connecting to AC input power, install a separate circuit breaker between the inverter and AC source. It is needed for AC input overcurrent protection and also as a manual disconnect device during maintenance.
  • Page 10 3. After inserting the AC output wires observing the polarity marked on the terminal block, proceed to tighten the screws. The protective earth (PE) conductor ( ) must be connected first. Ground (yellow-green) LINE (brown or black) Neutral (blue) 4. Verify that that all wire connections are properly secured. Recommended AC conductor size Model Gauge...
  • Page 11 Table– Module voltages Solar charging mode INVERTER MODEL Max. PV array open-circuit voltage 102VDC PV array MPPT voltage range 15~80VDC Min. battery voltage for PV charge 8.5VDC Connection of the modules NOTES: • PV wires should be sized according to the table below. •...

  • Page 12: Other Communications

    Final assembly 1. Place the bottom cover near the inverter housing. 2. Install the supplied communication cables in the corresponding ports. 3. Set the bottom cover in place. Then, secure it using the same screws that were removed in the previous steps. 4.3 Other communications The inverter supports several forms of communication.
  • Page 13 When item 38 is set as disable, this could be used to send a signal to an external device when the battery voltage reaches the warning level (default setting): Dry contact terminals: Unit status Condition Normally closed (NC) Common (C) Normally open (NO) State NC and C...

  • Page 14: Operation

    5. OPERATION 5.1. Power on/off Once the inverter/charger has been properly installed and the batteries set as its power source, simply press the on/off switch (located at the bottom) to turn on the unit. 5.2. Display panel Located on the front of the unit, this panel features a LCD screen, LED indicators and configuration buttons. LCD display LED indicators Configuration buttons...
  • Page 15 Configuration buttons The display panel features four buttons for setting up the inverter parameters. Description Command To exit the current setting To move up to the previous selection DOWN To move down to next selection ENTER To confirm or select a parameter. It is also used to access the configuration mode LCD display icons The display contains a variety of icons showing the status and operation mode of the inverter.
  • Page 16 Battery data Battery level indicator at 0-24%, 25-49%, 50-74%, and 75-100% of its capacity In battery mode, the number of bars shows the remaining charge In line mode, the number of bars indicates how much charge it will need to reach its full capacity In AC mode, the battery state of charge is displayed Status...

  • Page 17: Advanced Operation

    Mode of operation Indicates that the unit is connected to an AC source Indicates that the unit is connected to a PV panel Indicates that the inverter is operating in bypass mode Indicates that the AC source is charging the battery Indicates that the DC-AC conversion is enabled Mute control Indicates that the audible alarm is disabled...
  • Page 18 40A (default) This setting ranges from 10A to 60A The total input generated with increments of 10A per click. 40A by solar and AC sources is the default value combined (Max. charging current = utility charging current + solar charging current) Appliances (default) When selected, the acceptable AC input voltage will range...
  • Page 19 11.0V 11.3V 11.5V (default) 11.8V Defines the AC transfer voltage when the priority source in item 01 is set to 12.0V 12.3V SBU or SUB 12.5V 12.8V Fully-charged battery 12.0V 12.3V 12.5V 12.8V 13.0V Defines the battery transfer voltage when the priority source has been set to 13.3V 13.5V (default)
  • Page 20 When the inverter/charger operates in standby, line or fault mode, the charger source can be programmed as shown below Solar first Solar energy will be used to charge the battery as first priority AC power will be used to charge the battery when solar energy is not available Utility first (default)
  • Page 21 Bypass disable (default) Bypass enable Bypass function: When enabled, the unit will transfer to line mode if an overload occurs in battery mode. Record enable Record disable (default) Record fault code Default setting: 14.1V Bulk charging voltage (Constant voltage CV) This is selectable when item 05 is set to USER-DEFINED - Selection range: 12.0V to 14.6V Increments of 0.1V per click...
  • Page 22 Battery equalization enabled Battery equalization disabled (default) Equalization mode This item is selectable when item 05 is set to either FLOOD or USER DEFINED Default setting: 14.6V Equalization mode - Selection range: 12.0V to 14.6V Increments of 0.1V per click. 60min (default) The time allowed for the equalization to take place.

  • Page 23: Display Information

    Enabled Disabled (default) Immediate equalization This item can be selected when item 33 is set to enable. In this case “ ” will appear on the main display, causing the immediate activation of the battery equalization cycle When Disable is selected, equalization will be cancelled until the next automatic cycle starts, as per configuration of item 37 Display information The LCD display has three sections with system information and readings.
  • Page 24 Charging current from PV Charging current ≥10A The upper field displays the BATT marker instead of the INPUT Charging current < 10A Charging power from PV PV power = 500W The W marker appears on the left, next to the power reading Battery voltage (with decimal) / DC discharge current Battery voltage=13.5V / Discharge current=1A...
  • Page 25 Load in volt-amperes When the load size is less than 1kVA, the right field will display the VA marker, as shown below. The upper right field displays a VA marker The upper left field continues to display battery voltage When the load size exceeds 1kVA (≥1KVA), the right field and marker will change to kVA, as shown below.

  • Page 26: Battery Charging

    6.3 Battery charging Mode Description LCD display Standby mode In this state, the unit does not Charging from utility and PV power The charger can operate supply output to the loads, but it even if the inverter is not can still provide power to charge turned on the batteries from PV or AC sources Charging from an AC source...

  • Page 27: Battery Equalization

    Fault mode Utility power is transferred to No charging / AC bypass Errors or failures can be bypass caused by internal issues or other external factors No charging Line mode In this mode, the inverter can pro- Charging from PV power vide output power from the mains, while charging the batteries at the same time...
  • Page 28 • When to equalize Once the interval setpoint (battery equalization cycle) is reached, or the equalization cycle is activated immediately in float stage, the controller will initiate the equalization process. Equalization voltage Float voltage BULK ABSORPTION FLOAT EQUALIZE FLOAT • Equalization charging time and timeout During this process, the controller will supply power to charge battery and hold it there until the voltage reaches the set equalization point.

  • Page 29: Fault Codes And Warning Indicators

    7. Fault codes and warning indicators The inverter has indications for error or warning conditions. An error is defined as a critical fault that shuts the unit down. A warning is a non-critical fault that allows the unit to continue operating. Some warnings may become errors if left unattended.

  • Page 30: Troubleshooting

    8. Troubleshooting Problem LCD/LED/Buzzer Explanation / Possible cause What to do Unit shuts down LCD/LEDs and buzzer automatically turn on for about The battery voltage is too low 1. Re-charge battery during the startup 3 seconds before (<1.91V/Cell) 2. Replace battery process completely shutting off 1.

  • Page 31: Approximate Runtime Chart

    9. Approximate runtime chart Model Load (VA) Backup time at 12VDC/100Ah (min) Backup time at 12VDC/200Ah (min) 1610 Note: Backup time depends on the quality, age and type of the battery. Specifications of batteries may vary depending on different manufacturers. 10.
  • Page 32 Table 2 Inverter mode specifications INVERTER MODEL Rated output power 1KVA/1KW Output voltage waveform Pure sine wave Output voltage regulation 110/120VAC±5%* Output frequency 60Hz or 50Hz Peak efficiency Overload protection 5s for a ≥150% load; 10s for a 110%~150% load Surge capacity 2 times rated power for 5 seconds Nominal DC input voltage...
  • Page 33 Charging curve Solar charging mode (MPPT type) INVERTER MODEL Rated power 500W Efficiency 98.0% max. Max. PV array open circuit voltage 102VDC PV array MPPT voltage range 15~80VDC Min. battery voltage for operation 8.5VDC Standby power consumption Battery voltage accuracy +/-0.3% PV voltage accuracy +/-2V...
  • Page 34 NOTES...
  • Page 35 NOTES...

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