Chapter 6; Appendix; Calculating A Reaction Ratio; Selecting The Result Units - Thermo Scientific Orion Star T900 Series User Manual

Chapter 6

Appendix

Calculating a Reaction
Ratio
Write down the chemical reaction involved in the
analysis you will be performing, then balance the
equation. Here are some examples:
Sample Titrant
NaCI + AgNO = AgCl
3
CaCl + 2 AgNO = 2 AgCl + Ca(NO
2 3
NaOH + HCl = NaCl
2 NaOH + H SO = Na
2 4
To calculate the reaction ratio, divide the number of
moles of titrant by the number of moles of sample.
Sample Titrant
NaCI + AgNO = AgCl
3
CaCl + 2 AgNO = 2 AgCl
2 3
NaOH + HCl = NaCl
2 NaOH + H SO = Na
2 4
For example, when performing a titratable acidity titration
with orange juice, the sample is citric acid (C
titrant is sodium hydroxide (NaOH), so the chemical reaction
is C H O + 3 NaOH = 3 H
6 8 7
ratio is 0.333.
When performing a titratable acidity titration with wine, the
sample is tartaric acid (C
hydroxide (NaOH) so the chemical reaction is C
NaOH = 2 H O + Na C H
2 2 4
66 Chapter 6 | Appendix
Products
+ NaNO
3
)
3 2
+ H2O
SO + 2 H O
2 4 2
Products
+ NaNO
3
+ Ca(NO )
3 2
+ H2O
SO + 2 H O
2 4 2
H O
6 8
O + Na C H O and the reaction
2 3 6 5 7
H O ) and the titrant is sodium
4 6 6
H
4
O and the reaction ratio is 0.5.
2 4

Selecting the Result Units

Select the result units from the list shown on the titrator. The
selected units will determine which parameters need to be
entered to calculate the titration sample concentration
results. Available result units include those listed here and
new result units are added through titrator software updates.

Titration Result Units

Units
M
mM
mg/100mL
mg/L
g/100mL
g/L
ppm
ppb
oz/gal
% w/v
mol/kg
mmol/kg
mmol/g
Reaction
mg/100g
Ratio
mg/g
1
mg/kg
0.5
g/100g
1
g/kg
ppm by weight
2
% w/w
) and the
7 TAN
TBA
O + 2
6 6
Consumption
mmol
F *
consumption
mmol
Definition
Molar, moles per liter
Millimolar, millimoles per liter
Milligrams per 100 milliliters
Milligrams per liter
Grams per 100 milliliters
Grams per liter
Parts per million
Parts per billion
Ounces per gallon
Percent weight per volume
Moles per kilogram
Millimoles per kilogram
Millimoles per gram
Milligrams per 100 grams
Milligrams per gram
Milligrams per kilogram
Grams per 100 grams
Grams per kilogram
Parts per million on a weight basis
Percent weight per weight
Total acid number - quantity of base,
expressed in milligrams of potassium
hydroxide (KOH) required to neutralize all
acidic constituents present in 1 gram of
sample
Total base number - quantity of acid,
expressed in the equivalent number of
milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH)
required to neutralize all basic
constituents present in 1 gram of sample
Millimoles of sample consumed during
the titration
Enter a value for the F factor and the
entered factor value will be multiplied by
the millimoles of sample consumed
during the titration