Star Micronics NX-15 User Manual
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Star Micronics NX-15 User Manual

Star Micronics NX-15 User Manual

Star micronics printer user's manual
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  • Page 1 USERS MANUAL...
  • Page 2 The equipment may only be opened by qualified service representatives. This shtement will be a#lied onlyfor the~n”nters marketedin West @many. TrademarkAcknowledgement NX-15: Star Micronics Co., Ltd. Apple II: Apple Computer Inc. EasyWriterII: Information Unlimited Software, Inc. FX-85: Seiko Epson Corp.
  • Page 3 of Contents Table Up Your Printer Setting Chapter1 Locating the printer Check the carton contents Removing the printer cover Removing the packing tube Installing the ribbon cartridge Installing the interface board Gettingto Know Your Printer Chapter2 Controls and parts of the printer Parts of the printer Controls and indicators Extra functions...
  • Page 4 Chapter3 Using the Printerwith Commercial 21 Software Using commercial software Word processing with the printer General concepts The escape code The master reset code Using Near Letter Quality (NLQ) Getting the most from your print choices Using the printer with EasyWriter II Redefining pitch settings and print control codes A sample printout with EasyWriter II...
  • Page 5 FormattingText Chapter5 Lines and line spacing Starting a new line Reverse line feeds Changing the line spacing Moving down the page without a carriage return Page control Form feed Reverse form feed Changing the page length Top and bottom margins Setting left and right margins Horizontal and vertical tabs Horizontal tabs...
  • Page 6 Chapter7 Chapter8 Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F DownloadCharactersand Dot Graphics Dot matrix printing Designing your own characters Defining proportional characters Designing your own NLQ characters User-designed Dot Graphics Higher resolution graphics More graphics programming tips Redefining alternate graphics codes 9-pin graphics mode Caringfor Your Printer...
  • Page 7 AppendixG Serial InterfaceSpecifications Configuring the serial interface The serial protocols Serial busy protocols XON/XOFF protocol ACK protocol Index...
  • Page 9 CHAPTER 1 SETTING UP YOUR PRINTER Subjectscoveredin Chapter 1 include– Choosinga suitableplace for your printer Unpacking . Settingup LOCATING THE PRINTER Give some thought to the best place to put the printer. Both the printer and computer should be used in normal office sur- roundings.
  • Page 10 -–— Figure Checkto make sure you haveall four items: 1)printer, 1-1. 2) paper cartridge, and 4) User’smanual. guide, 3) ribbon You should also have a parallel interface board to connect your computer to the printer. Also available are a parallel inter- face board with extra buffer memory and a serial interface board, both optional.
  • Page 11 Remo;e the printer cover by lifting carefully. Figure 1-2. Removing the packing tube The printer is shipped with a protective spiral tube to keep the print head from being damaged during shipping. This tube must be removed before use. First, take off the printer cover. The protective tube is split along its bottom side to allow easy removal.
  • Page 12 Installing the ribbon cartridge This printer uses a neat, easy-to-change ribbon cartridge with automatic threading. To fit or change the ribbon cartridge: 1. Turn o~~the power and remove the printer cover. Slide the print head gently to the center of the printer. Warning: The print head gets hot during operation, so let it cool off before you touch it.
  • Page 13 ~—-..-.–. print head L———...—. Figure 1-5. To thread the ribbon, slide the print head carriage manually to the right or left, and the ribbon will slip down by itself into its proper position. Replace the printer cover. (A switch on the printer prevents the printer from operating when the cover is off.) 9 Installing the interface board...
  • Page 14 terface board ~igure 1-6. Slidethe I/F board into the slot.
  • Page 15 CHAPTER 2 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR PRINTER Subjects coveredin Chapter2 include– Partsof the printer —whatthey’re for andhow to use them . Paper selectionand loading . Adjustment Testing printeroperation CONTROLS AND PARTS OF THE PRINTER H Parts of the printer PRINTERCOVER – This protects the ribbon and the print head from dust and dirt, and cuts down the sound of the printer.
  • Page 16 Figu;e Front and rear views of the printer. 2-1. INTERFACE COVER – On the back of the printer, this cover conceals and protects the interface board. The cover is cut away to expose the external connector to which you attach your computer cable.
  • Page 17 9 Controls and indicators Now let’s go over the controls and indicators of the printer, starting with the control panel on the right. There are nine in- dicators and five keys on the control panel. ,,------ . .—.–- Figure 2-2. POWER INDICATOR –...
  • Page 18 Extra functions There are eleven more functions that are not directly specified on the control panel. You can access six of them by pressing one particular key when you turn on the power; five others are activated by pressing two control keys at once. For details, please refer to the end of next chapter.
  • Page 19 h – The second setting is for normal single sheets. & – The third is for sprocket-feed paper. # – The bottom one is used when you want to release the paper completely to adjust it. The paper bail holds the paper against the platen according to ‘the setting of the release lever.
  • Page 20 1 ,> Sliding adjuster the paper guide for load~ng sin~lesheets. Figure 2-4. Raise Insert the guide stand in the notches provided for it and prop up the paper guide. Position the adjuster at the triangle marked on the guide for standard margins, or set it according to your own requirements.
  • Page 21 Align a sheet of paper on the guide along the adjuster. Turn on the power switch. (The Paper Empty in- dicator will glow because there is no paper.) Now set the release lever to the auto-feed setting – the top position. The printer will advance the paper automatically.
  • Page 22 1. Turn on the printer and set the release lever for sprocket-feed paper. If the paper guide is installed, remove it, and put it aside for a moment. Place a stack of fan-fold paper behind the printer. Open the sprocket covers, on the right and left sprocket units, as shown in Figure 2-7.
  • Page 23 ~–—- ——... —-—– Closethe sprocketcoverswhenthe paper is positioned Figure 2-8. correctly. L.—— —--- Readyto loadthe sprocket-feedpaper. Notethe rever~ Figure 2-91 ed positionof the paper guide. “-- “ “1...
  • Page 24 ADJUSTING THE PRINT HEAD The distance between the print head and the platen must be adjusted to accommodate papers of different thicknesses. To make this adjustment, move the adjustment lever, which is under the printer cover and immediately in front of the release Release lever Adjustment lever...
  • Page 25 lever (Figure 2-10). Pulling the adjustment lever towards you will. gap; wicle~ pushing tkie ,-- . --, ,%a. $l. ‘~~ere are four positions; the various notches. The first step (shown) mordy used for single sheets of paper. Try different positions until you get the best printing results. TESTING THE PRINTER your prln~er has two built-in lines of letters, numbers, and other characters –...
  • Page 26 You can print the self-test without hooking up the printer to your computer. Simply: Plug in the printer (don’t turn it on yet). Insert a sheet of paper (or sprocket paper, either one). ‘3. While holding down one of the following keys, turn on the power switch: Paper Feed key –...
  • Page 27 Make sure that both your computer and printer are turned off. Connect the printer end of the interface cable to the connector socket at the right rear of the printer as shown in Figure 2-12. Connect the other end of the cable to your computer as described in the computer manual.
  • Page 28 — MEMO...
  • Page 29 CHAPTER 3 USING THE PRINTER WITH COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Subjects covered in Chapter3 include– Using commercialsoftware Controllingthe printer with the Panel mode USING COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Many of you purchased this printer to use with commercial software. You made a good choice because this printer is com- patible with most commercial programs, from word processing programs to spreadsheet programs to accounting programs.
  • Page 30 With these questions answered, you are ready to start print- ing. Read the manual that came with your commercial software and the next Chapter to see how to make it send information for this printer to print. This is all you need to know to use this printer as a regular printer.
  • Page 31 standard text entry mode in order to accept the special printer function codes. WordStar uses the CONTROL key in different ways to define the print function codes. EasyWriter II has a system function which allows you to define print pitches and special print functions for use with the ALT key.
  • Page 32 values defined by their respective DIP switch settings. We suggest you get in the habit of using the master reset code in any document where you use function codes. If you do not, the printer will keep the most recently defined characteristics, and print any following documents the same way.
  • Page 33 USING THE PRINTER WITH EASYWRITER II (Note: If you have not read the “General Concepts” section in this chapter, you should do so before continuing.) This printer can be used with most of the standard print func- tions available with your EasyWriter II word processing pro- gram.
  • Page 34 EasyWriter II program. Before making any changes in the printer driver, you should first check to be sure the printer selec- tion is set for printer Type B (Option 7 on the System Functions menu.) Then follow the instructions in Appendix B of your EasyWriter II User’s Manual to reconfigure Type B printers.
  • Page 35 [10 ] [10] [12 ] [12 ] (17 ] [17 ] [1 ] [1 ] [2 ] [10 ] [3 ] [3 ] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] Thecodes 120inlines 23through 26canbe changedtoreflect more pitch settings. We recommend that until you are more familiar with using special function codes, you usejust the six we have defined.
  • Page 36 print function assigned to each control key. Table 3-1 shows the current control function, the print function we will assign to it and the keyboard keys used. Table 3-1 EasyWriter EasyWriter II Function‘ New function Boldface Boldface Shadow Italic Underline Underline Double Expanded...
  • Page 37 ample below shows the use of expanded and italic prints used in combination with condensed and pica pitch settings. Use your EasyWriter II program hands-on and type the example below. ‘SUBJECT : ORDERING STATIONERYSUPPLIES I would like to place an order for stationery supplies from your mail order catalog.Enclosed is my order form and a check for $247.67.
  • Page 38 example; you should be able to apply most of the function codes to the setup used here. Redefining your own print pitches If you want to define a new print pitch (Edit Pitch Table), enter your function code to choose the print you want. For example, if you find yourself frequently using italic print for large blocks of text in pica pitch, you can combine italic and pica pitch to define italic pica and use it in the ruler line of your...
  • Page 39 Select and print variable information for merge letters, etc. User-defined print commands There are several CONTROL-P (-P) ‘automatically work with this printer and require no changes. They include: ‘PS Underscore ‘PD Double-strike IPT Superscript PC Print Pause It is also possible to define the ‘PA (alternate pitch) command to change the print pitch of your document.
  • Page 40 If you do change several of the things listed in the /Print menu, Lotus 1-2-3 will remember the selections that you have made and use them each time you print the spreadsheet. They are even saved with the spreadsheet so that they will be the same the next time that you use the spreadsheet.

  • Page 41: Table Of Contents

    with the date to the left, a title in the center, and a page number to the right, the header might look like this: And, on August 12, 1986, the results might look like this: Spreadsheet. Tit le 12-.41J13-86 Another of the selections under options is Setup. This selec- tion allows you to create a setup string that will be sent to the printer before each section of the spreadsheet is printed.
  • Page 42 Selection of any of the Panel Modes at power-on ensures that your choices remain in effect until you turn the power off. This means that the printer will ignore any codes sent by the soft- ware that you are using. The Panel Modes allow selection of the following printing attributes: Mode Print pitch...
  • Page 43 I — More than one attribute may be set in this way. For example, if you wish to set both print pitch and print quality, press BOTH the PRINT PITCH and power, and after the ON selections as necessary. ADVANCED PANEL FUNCTIONS The printer has the capability to do some basic formatting from the control panel, as well as move the platen by precise amounts.
  • Page 44 Set the Off Line mode by pressing the On Line key. While holding down the On Line key, press oneof the following keys. Paper Feed key – Forward micro-feed TOF key – Reverse micro-feed When you can set the print start position, release the Paper Feed key or the TOF key first, then release the On Line key.
  • Page 45 CHAPTER 4 PRINTINGWITH BASIC Subjects covered in Chapter4 include– Listing BASIC programs on the printer How a program prints things Controlcodes, escapecodes,andcommandsyn- Selectingthe right software mode Near letter quality (NLQ) characters Fixed and proportionalcharacterspacing Specialprinting– Printingin italics Underlining Superscriptsand subscripts Boldface and emphasizedtext Mixing print modes To show you how to control your printer from a program, we...
  • Page 46 easiest operations one can do, but even they may depend on what computer you have. In Microsoft BASIC, we can list all the steps in a program by entering LIST. This lists them on the CRT screen; if we want to print them on a printer, we prefix the command with an L (enter LLIST).
  • Page 47 Taken together, these numbers and their meanings make up the ASCII code (pronounced ask-key), which stands for the American Standard Codefor Information Interchange. There are ASCII codes for all the letters of the alphabet (upper case and lower case), Oto 9, most punctuation marks, and some (but not all) of the functions of the printer.
  • Page 48 That’s the printer’s bell (we call it that even though it sounds like a buzzer). We’ll learn more about it in later – we just wanted to show you a control code that would get your attention right away! There are four common ways of referring to a control code: the name of the code or its abbreviation, the decimal ASCII value, the hexadecimal ASCII value, and the “CTRL-”...
  • Page 49 numbers is called an escape sequence. A note on command syntax Because the readers of this manual will be running such a wide variety of applications on so many different computers, we can’t show the exact way of sending codes to the printer for each one of them.
  • Page 50 must make sure that you’ve set the DIP switches properly. The rest of this manual discuss the various control codes to control this printer. You’ll find that many features have dif- ferent codes for either the Standard mode or the IBM mode. The Standard Mode emulates the Epson FX-85 printer.

  • Page 51: Table

    switch while holding the Mode key down on the control panel, set the NLQ mode with the Mode key while in the Off Line mode. Then run the program again. You should get like this: This 1 i ne shows NEAR LETTER QUALITY! This 1ine...
  • Page 52 Here is what you should get: In this program, line 20 turns italic on with (ESC) “4”, and line 40 turns italic off with (ESC) “5”. Now, set the “Italic Panel” mode, as described in Chapter 3, then run the program again. You should get like this: As you can see, this time the printer ignored the control codes to set or cancel italic characters.
  • Page 53 In this program underline is turned on in line 20 with (ESC) << –“ 1, and then off in line 40 with (ESC) “-” O.There’s a new aspect to this program, though. The semicolons at the end of the first three lines told BASIC that those lines were to be con- tinued.

  • Page 54: Pitch

    Here line 30 turns on superscripts with (ESC) “S” O.It’s turn- ed off in line 50 with (ESC) “T”. Then between printing text, subscripts are turned on in line 70 with (ESC) “S” 1, and finally off in line 90. Again, everything prints on one line because of the semicolons.
  • Page 55 the line at 12 characters per inch. The (ESC) “P” in line 40 resets the printer to pica pitch and line 50 prints the line in pica pitch. ~ Expanded print Each of the print pitches can be enlarged to twice its normal width.
  • Page 56 Now the results look like this: When you turn on expanded print with (ESC) “W” 1 it stays on until you turn it off with (ESC) “W” O. Table 4-6 Expanded print commands Function Oneline expandedON Oneline expandedOFF ExpandedON ExpandedOFF Condensed print Each of the print pitches also can be condensed to its normal width.

  • Page 57: Pica

    Table 4-7 Condensed print commands Function CondensedON CondensedOFF By combining expanded print and condensed print with the two pitches, this printer has eight different character widths available. Enter this program to see how the print pitches, expanded print and condensed print can be combined: Demo of various print...
  • Page 58 Proportional printing Have you ever looked closely at the printingin books and magazines? Doesn’t it look nice? The main reason is that each character is givenan amount of space proportional to its actual width. A typewriter (and most printers), on the other hand, give every character the same amount of space, no matter how wide it is.
  • Page 59 When you run this program Line 20 selects the elite pitch and line 40 turns on the propor- tional printing with (ESC) “p” 1. Line 50 prints a line with pro- portional elite pitch. Then, line 60 selects the pica pitch, so that line 70 prints a line with proportional pica pitch.
  • Page 60 10 ‘ Demoof boldface 20 LPRINTCHR$(27);’’G”; 30 LPRINT“This line is 40 LPRINTCHR$(27);’’E”; 50 LPRINT “This line is 60 LPRINTCHR$(27);’’H”; 70 LPRINT “This line is 80 LPRINTCHR$(27);’’F”; 90 LPRINT “This line is 100 END Run this program. The results will look like this: Line 20 turns onboldfacewith (ESC)’’G’’...
  • Page 61 Here, the value of n defines the print style to be selected. The value of n can range from Oto 255, which is the range of values that can be stored in one eight-bit byte. If you look at each bit in this byte, you’ll find that each one represents a printing style variation.
  • Page 62 Summa-y notes Pica is the default pitch and is active when Elite is turned off. 2) When two modes conflict, the one of lesser priority bit- wise is cancelled. For example, Condensed and Emphasiz- ed can not be printed at the same time, printing is Em- phasized.
  • Page 63 CHAPTER FORMATTING TEXT Subjects coveredin Chapter5 include– The carriage return and line feed Q The amount of space between lines c Moving to the next page . The number of lines on a printed page . Horizontal and vertical tabs Setting margins Centering and aligning Chapter 4 showed us the basic techniques for using the...
  • Page 64 Line feed is more complicated. Each time the printer receives a CHR$(1O)it both advances the paper one line and returns the print head to the left margin, ready to start a new line. Now to add a ittle confusion – most (but not all) versions of BASIC add a line feed (CHR$(1O))to every carriage return ‘(CHR$(13))they receive.
  • Page 65 ‘ Demo FOR 1=1 TO 25 IF 1=13 LPRINT CHR$(27);’’A’’;CHR$(I) LPRINT “THIS LINE SPACING IS SET TO”;I NEXT I LPRINT “LINE SPACING IS SET TO 1/6 INCH (NORMAL).” LPRINT CHR$(27);”2” This is whatyouwill.get: line spacing THEN 60...
  • Page 66 Line 40 changes the line spacing. The command (ESC) “A” CHR$(n) changes the line spacing to n/72 of an inch. The loop that is started in line 20 increases the value of n (the variable I in this program) each time it is executed. So the line spacing in- creases as the program continues.
  • Page 67 I I I . ..;. -- ,.+ , ; . . “,. : :..., . ,. , .::! .,” ..,, . . ,. ,,, “. “’\ ..- , ..,7 ..., . L,.:[ I’dli. 1..., :[ i.1~ $[::,(+(: The program works just the same as before, but the line spac- ings are just one-third what they were.
  • Page 68 30 LPRINT “LINE NUMBER 2.“; 40 ‘ One-time line feed !50LPRINT CHR$(27);“J”; CHR$(1O(J ) ; 60 LPRl NT “LINE NUMBER s .“ 70 LPRINT “L1NE NUMBER 4.“ 80 END Here is what your printer will produce: The (ESC) CHR$(1OO) in line 50 changes the spacing to “J”...
  • Page 69 Form feed The simplest forms control code is the@wz feed. Form feed (or (FF)) is CHR$(12) and causes the printer to move the paper to the top of the next sheet. Try it by changing lines 40 and 50 to this: ‘...
  • Page 70 Table 5-3 Form feed commands Function Advance paper totop ofnext pageCHR$(12) Reverse paper t otop ofcurrent Changing the page length You may have some computer forms that are not 11 inches high. That’s no problem, because you can tell your printer how high the forms are that you are using.
  • Page 71 TOP AND BOTTOM MARGINS Some programs don’t keep track of where they are printing on the page. This causes problems when you get to the bottom of a page because these programs just keep on printing, right ‘over the perforation. This makes it very hard to read, especially if a line happens to fall right on the perforation.
  • Page 72 When you run this program it will print 150 lines right down the page and across the perforations. When it’s done line 110 sends a form feed to advance to the top of the next page. Now add the following lines to your program. (Don’t forget the semicolons or you won’t get quite the same results that we did.) 20 ‘...
  • Page 73 —- -------- —------ TH19 1S LINE THIS LINE THIS 1S LINE Tkl 1S 1S 1.I NE ‘1 THIS L [NE THIS 1-INE THIS LINE 1141S 1S LINE TFI1s L 1NE 7 ; THIS L I NE 50 [ ;:;: ::;: [ TN] S I S L I NE 57 , Tt+IS...
  • Page 74 SETTING LEFT AND RIGHT MARGINS The left and right margins of this printer work just like a typewriter – once they are set all printing is done between them. You can set margins either by using the keys on the con- trol panel, as described in Chapter 3, or by escape commands.
  • Page 75 When you want to reset the margins to the default values, you have two choices. You can either turn the printer off and back on, or you can set margin values equal to the default values. This means that you should set a left margin of O and right margin of 136 in pica pitch.
  • Page 76 15 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“D”;CHR$(7) ;CHR$(14) ;CHR$(21 ): CHR$(O) (ESC) “D” is the command to begin setting horizontal tabs. It must be followed by characters representing the positions where you want the tabs set. In our program we are setting tabs in columns 7, 14, and 21.
  • Page 77 Table 5-8 one-time horzontal tabs Function One-time horizontaltab of spaces Absolutehorizontaltab Relativehorizontaltab The first command in Table 5-8 moves the print head n col- umns to the right. It has the same effect as sending n spaces to the printer. The absolute horizontal tab command moves the print head to a specified position on the page.
  • Page 78 Units of motion for the absolute and relative horizontal tab commands Print pitch Absolute tabcommand Relative t abcommand 1/60 inch Picapitch 1/72 inch Elitepitch Condensed picapitch 1/102 inch Condensed elitepitch 1/120 inch Try this program to see how this works. 10 ‘...
  • Page 79 !j(’)LP~I.x’rCHR$ (n); ’’SFXNND TAJ3. ” (>ol.[)[<J N 7’(;t-jR$ (I I); ’’THIRDTU3 .“’ 7[!LFy/lNT[}HR$ (I I); ’’F’OI.IRTHTAI3 Now, let’s set some vertical tabs of our own. Add these lines to the program: 20 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “B”; CHR$ ( 10) ;CHR.$ (15) ; 30 [.F’Ill N T W/$ (25) ;(:liR$(30 ) ;ClIR$(0 ) ;...
  • Page 80 80 LPRINTCHR$(ll) ; “F’IFTHTAB.” Now when you run the program the first page looks just like before, but line 80 sends one more (VT) than there are tabs. This doesn’t confuse the printer – it advances the paper to the next tab position, which happens to be the first tab position on the next page.
  • Page 81 Table 5-10 Vertical tab commands Function Advance paperto nexttab position CHR$(ll) Set verticaltabs at nl, n2, etc. Set verticaltabs every n lines One-timeverticaltab H Vertical tab channels Vertical tab channels are especially hefpful in two situations. The first occurs when you are writing a program to accompany a preprinted form that can accommodate verious types of responses.
  • Page 82 130 LPRINTCHR$(12); 140 NEXTI 150 LPRINTCHR$(27);”@” 160 END When you run this program the printout should look like this. OF FIIFOI OF FORM 1ST T613 OF CH6NNEL 1ST T(AB OF CHANNEL 2ND TRB OF CHANNEL 2ND TAB OF CH6NNEL Inthisprogram wesettabs 20.
  • Page 83 Table 5-12 Alignment commands lm_- _.: -- ..Try this program to see how easy it is. ‘ Demo of a I igrl ing and centering 20 I., P RINT CHR$ (27) ; “1“ ;~:HR$ ( 20) ; 30 I,PRINT CHR.$ (27) ; “Q”;CHR$ (60 ) ; 40 1.*PRI ?ir CHR.$ ( 27) ;...
  • Page 84 MEMO...
  • Page 85 CHAPTER 6 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter6 inckde- Printer’s bell Master reset Uni-directionalprinting Internationalcharactersets PrintingBIG characters The optionalsheet feeder Macro instruction Readinga hex dump In the previous chapters we have learned about several groups of control codes. In this chapter we will look at more con- trol codes.
  • Page 86 mind the operator to change the paper or to make other ad- justments to the printer. You can try this by typing: LPRINTCHR$(7) Resetting the printer Up to now when we wanted to reset the printer to the power on condition we have had to either turn the printer off and on again, or to send the specific codes that reset the particular features.
  • Page 87 trol the paper-out detector, along with the other codes that we have just looked at are in the following table. Table 6-1 Some miscellaneous commands Function Soundbell Master rest Off line On line Paper-outdetector off Paper-outdetector on Moveprint head back one space CHR$(8) Deletelast character sent Canceltext in print buffer Print “slash zero”...
  • Page 88 Here is what this program will print: The backspace codes in line 20 move the print head a total of three spaces to the left so that the first part of line 30 will over- print the word “NOT”. The delete codes in line 50 “erase” the three letters in the word “NOT”...
  • Page 89 20 A.$=’’”: INPIJT “ TYPEA CHARACTER “ ,A$ :~o IF A$=”” THENso 40 LPRINTA$; : GOTO 20 50 LPRINT : LPRINTCHR$(27); “@” Now type several characters, and after each press the RETURN key. The printer simply puts the characters into its buffer while it waits for a carriage return code.
  • Page 90 line Th i added This line This line added This line added This line added This line is Normal This command can be used to produce micro-justification, which is amethod ofjustifying linesby increasing the space be- tween each character. Uni-directional printing Uni-directional printing means printing inone direction on~.
  • Page 91 Here is what you will get. The top line is printed bi-directional- ly, and the bottom is printed uni-directionally. You will have to look hard because there isn’t much difference, but the bottom vertical lines are perfectly aligned. Let’s analyze the program. Line 20 defines the line spacing to 7/72 of an inch so that the characters that we print will touch top 50 print 10 vertical line characters.
  • Page 92 Table 6-3 Eighth bit controls Function Turn the eighth bit ON Turn the eighth bit OFF Acceptthe eighth bit “as is” from ~Esc) “#,, the comrmter Block graphics characters and special symbols Besides the upper and lower case letters and symbols that we are by now familiar with, your printer has a whole different set of characters that are for special uses.
  • Page 93 Figure 6-1 shows what this program will print. If your chart doesn’t look like this because it has regular letters and numbers instead of the special symbols, then your computer is only using seven bits (unless you have set DIP switch 2-5 on by mistake). You can get the correct printout by changing line 100 to this: 1()(-I LPRINT I ;...
  • Page 94 So how are all of these characters used? Here is a program that demonstrate how the graphics characters can be combined to create a figure: the 5 of clubs. LPRINTCHR$ (27) ; “6”; LPRINTCHR$(218);CHR$(196) ;CHR$(196);CHR$(196); CHR$(196);CHR$(196);CHR$(191) LPRINTCHR$(179);CHR$(53);CHR$(32) ;CHR$(32); CHR$(32);CHR$(32);CHR$(179) LPRINTCHR$(179);CHR$(~2);CHR$(5);CHR$(32); CHR$(5);CHR$(32);CHR$(179) LPRINTCHR$(179);CHR$(32);CHR$(32) ;CHR$(5);...
  • Page 95 Here is what this program prints: ....~::. +y+$ i’ ,::,. .,.. ! ..International character sets Your printer changes languages by changing 12 characters that are different in the different languages. These sets of characters are called internationalcharactersets —and there are 11 sets in all.
  • Page 96 International character sets 35 36 64 91 92 93 94 96 123 124 125 12( Country U.S.A France Germany England Demark t ype I Sweden ?3 E Italy Spain Japan Norway Denmark typeII Printing characters in the control code area When you refer the Appendix B, you’ll find many characters are printed in the control code area.
  • Page 97 That’s where the italic international characters have been stored. So the (ESC) “6” command without the (ESC) “R” gives you access to the international characters. The (ESC) “7” turns these characters back into control codes. The low-order control codes can also be defined, but not all of ‘them can be printed easily.
  • Page 98 Table 6-6 Control code area commands Function Printablecode area expansion Controlcode area exDansion Printing BIG characters You can even enlarge your character sets for attention-grab- bing headings or special effects. There are six commands you can use. Everything following any of them will be enlarged as shown below, until the cancel code is entered.
  • Page 99 90 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “h” ;cHR$(2) ; 100 LPRIN’1’ “QUAD”; 110 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “h” ;CHR$(0) ; 120 LPRINT “ SIZED PRINTING.V 130 END When you run this program, you will get like this: As you can see, when the big character command is used, the baseline for each character does not align.
  • Page 100 H The optional sheet feeder The automatic sheet feeder is a handy option that feeds single cut sheets automatically. Work done on cut sheets looks better that done on computer paper, and you don’t have to tear the “perforations” off each sheet as you must with fan-fold paper. The automatic sheet feeder feeds a new sheet automatically every time the printer receives or generates a form feed.
  • Page 101 Here is how the printer’s macro works. You dejlne a macro by telling the printer what normal control codes are to be included in the macro. Then you can use the macro any time that you want and the printer will do all the things that you included in the macro definition.
  • Page 102 This program will print one line using several printing features. Then it “calls” the macro in line 60. When line 80 prints the style is “plain vanilla” because the macro has reset it. 10 LPRINTCHR$(27); “Q”;CHR$(40); 20 LPRINTCHR$(27); “a” ;CHR$(2); 30 LPRINTCHR$(27);...
  • Page 103 (02 03 (06 07 OR 09 OA OB OC OD OE OF 1.4 IB 3.4 3B 3C .130 31 4A 4B 5A 5B .50 b 1 42 6.$ 67 7B 79 76 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F B8 B9 Be 9A 9B ’96 97 AS A9...
  • Page 104 MEMO...
  • Page 105 CHAPTER 7 DOWNLOAD CHARACTERS AND DOT GRAPHICS Subjects coveredin Chapter7 include– Designingand printingyour own characters User-designedgraphics Using the procedures outlined so far, all of the printer’s standard functions can be utilized. There are two additional user-defined functions available: designing and printing your own characters, and designing and printing your own dot graphics.
  • Page 106 For example, if the data representing “l” was sent to the print head, only the bottom pin would fire; if “2” was sent, only the second pin from the bottom would fire, and if “3” was sent, the two bottom pins would fire, and so on. Columns of these dots side by side make all the characters.
  • Page 107 The minimum width of a character is five dots. Unlike standard characters that are restricted to a height of seven dots, user-defined characters may use eight dots vertically. Dots cannot overlap – that is, you may not have a dot —...
  • Page 108 m, m,, m, m, m. m. m. m. m, m, m ~ Total Figure 7-3. this grid (or one similar to it) to define your own draft characters. —._.–– ——---- 1 ?8 ?i+i@& m, m, m. m. m. m, m, ma m,, m Total L–...
  • Page 109 You will see the letters ml, m2, nz3 etc., are above your values. When you define the character, you will substitute your value for each of these letters. Before you complete the definition, you will need to decide ex- actly where in the standard ASCII set you want to place your ‘characters.
  • Page 110 CHR$(27);CHR$(38);CHR$(0);CHR$(60);CHR$(6O);CHR$( 1 39) ;CHR$(2);CHR$(5); C HR$(8);CHR$(24l); CHR$(O);CHR$(O) ;CHR$(241);CHR$(8) ; CHR$(5);CHR$(2);CHR$(0) Put this command into the appropriate syntax for the language you are using. Before you run the program and send the data to the printer, remember to check that DIP switch 2-1 is set to off.
  • Page 111 10 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “ : “’ ; CHR$(O) ; CHR$(O) ; CHR$(O) ; 20 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “&”; 30 FOR N=60 TO 62 40 FOR M=OTO 11 50 READMM LPRINT CHRS (MM) ; 70 NEXT M 80 NEXT ?-i 90 LPRINT DATA 139, 11.()
  • Page 112 430 LPR1NT CHii$(27) ; “%0” 440 I-, FRIN’r (;tih+$ (27); “so’”; 4!50 LPRINr CHR.$ ( 9) ; “MILLIONS OF DOLLARS” 460 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “T’” 470 END DEFINING PROPORTIONAL CHARACTERS Defining proportional characters uses the same process as above, except that we add additional information. Being able to specify the width of the character allows you to specify the precise area inside the grid that the character will occupy, so that narrow characters will look attractive next to wide ones.
  • Page 113 NLQ characters can contain up to 23 dots in the horizon- reason, tal direction. Fundamentally, the process to define and print downloaded NLQ characters is the same as for draft characters, except that you must supply about four times as much character data, and ‘you must design the character with the two passes of the print head in mind.
  • Page 114 To make the character data easier to calculate, put the first pass dots inside the boxes on the grid when you are designing your characters, and the second pass dots on the lines. Remember that adjacent dots may not overlap on the same pass; in other words, if one dot is in a box, its adjacent dot on the same pass’...
  • Page 115 To demonstrate how to use the NLQ download characters, try this program. LPR1NT CHR$ (27) ; “xl”; 20 LF’RI NT CHR$ (27) ; “ : “ ; (;HR$( o ) ; CHR$ (O) ; CHR$ (0) ; 30 LPRINT CHR$(27);“&”: CHR$(0); FOR N=60 TO 62 FOR M=OTO 46 60 READ...
  • Page 116 310 NEXT I LPRINT 330 LPR1NT “CHEMICALS” ; CHR$ (9 ) ; 1=.4 T() 8.7 STEP .4 350 LPRINT CHR$(60) ; .NEXTI 370 LPRINT 380 LPRINT “GUNS’ ’; CHR$(9) ; 390 FOR 1=.4 TO 1.4 STEP .4 400 LPRINT CHR$(62); 410 NEXT I 420 LPRINT 430 LPRINT CHR$(9);’’+–-”;...
  • Page 117 with the standard resolution of 60 dots per inch (dpi). The command to print normal density (60 dpi horizontally, 72 dpi vertically) uses this format: (ESC) “*” CHR$(0) YZ~ 7z2ml mz ... (ESC) “*” specifies the graphics mode, the CHR$(0) specifies normal density.
  • Page 118 eight rows. Draw your graphics shape, and then calculate the values of each vertical column of eight dots; each value becomes one data byte. When drawing large shapes, the data byte CHR$(255) (all pins firing, or a solid block of dots) is common. A line spacing of 8/72 inch (using the (ESC) “A”...
  • Page 119 Table 7-3 Alternative graphics commands Single command Density CHR$(0)nl n2 (E7CJC)<’K” (ESC)”*” Noraml ml m2 ... CHR$(l) %1nz (ESC)<<L’> nl YZ2 ml WZ2 . .. (ESC)”*” Double ml m2 ... Doublewith (ESC)”*” CHR$(2)nl n2 (ESC>’’~,, ~ ~ ~z m] mz double-speed ml m2 ...
  • Page 120 The first occurs if you have written a program to be printed in one graphics mode and now want to print it in another. If you have used concatenation to store your graphics command in one short character string, that will not be difficult. You can simply change the mode number or alternate code in the definition of the character string.
  • Page 121 In addition, you can select the print density by the value of nO. When nOis Othe normal density is selcted, and when nOis 1 the double density is selected. Since computers are faster than printers, there is no signifi- cant time loss in printing a single line of graphics with 9 pins. You get 9 dots per line in about the same time as you get 8 dots in the other graphics modes.
  • Page 122 MEMO...
  • Page 123 CHAPTER 8 CARING FOR YOUR PRINTER Subjectscovered in Chapter8 include– . Cleaningthe printer . Changingthe ribbon c Replacingthe print head Dust and heat will make any mechanism wear more quickly. The best maintenance is preventive, so maintenance program is correct location of the printer. This is covered in greater detail in Chapter 1, but in general a normal of- fice environment is best for both the computer and the printer.
  • Page 124 Changing the whole cartridge is the simplest method, and because you don’t need to touch the ribbon itself, it is the cleanest way too. To remove the old cartridge, remove the printer cover, grasp the ribbon cartridge with both hands, and pull straight up gently until the holder springs release.
  • Page 125 Idler —. Replacethe ribbon sub-cassette. Figure 8-2. Take the new ribbon and holder out of the wrapper, remove the adhesive tape on the joint on the holder, and place it into the cassette as shown in Figure 8-2. Pull sufficient ribbon out of the holder, and thread it as shown in Figure 8-3.
  • Page 126 Figure 8-3. Make sure that the ribbon is not twisted when you thread it through its path. REPLACINGTHE PRINT HEAD The dot matrix print head has an extremely long life, around 100,000,000 characters, or years of normal use. However, when printing is too light even after replacing the ribbon, you’ll know that the print head has reached the end of its service life.
  • Page 127 8-4. Replacementof the print head. Figure Hold back the tab that locks the print head into place, and remove the print head. Making sure that the new print head is facing the cor- rect direction, carefully plug the cable into the connec- tor on the head cable board.
  • Page 128 MEMO...
  • Page 129 APPENDIX A DIP SWITCH SETTINGS The DIP (Dual In-line Package) switches control many of the functions of the printer. A DIP switch contains a number of small switches, and in this printer, one DIP switch has 10 in- dividual switches and the another has 6 individual switches. Both DIP switches are easily accessible from the top of the printer.
  • Page 130 CAUTION: Never change the setting of any of the DIP switches when the power is on. The printer only reads the DIP switch settings at the moment the power is turned on. Turn off power to both the computer and the printer when changing settings, and turn on again to use the new settings.
  • Page 131 This switch selects the default character style. If this switch is on the default character style is nor- mal draft characters. If this switch is off the default character style is Near Letter Quality (NLQ) characters. This switch is set on at the factory. This switch selects the print style of zeroes.
  • Page 132 enable and the print buffer is set to a one line buffer. This switch is set on at the factory. 2-2--2-4 These switches determine the default international character set, as shown in Table A-2. These switches are all set on at the factory. Table A-2 International character sets U.S.A.
  • Page 133 APPENDIX B ASCII CODESAND CONVERSIONCHART Standard Codes Control ASCII Decimal Binary Hex. Character 0000 0000 Ctrl-@ 0000 0001 0000 0010 0000 0011 0000 0100 0101 0000 00000110 00000111 00001000 Ctrl-H 00001001 00001010 0000loll Ctrl-K 00001100 00001101 Ctrl-M 00001110 Ctrl-N 00001111 00010000 00010001 00010010...
  • Page 134 Standard Codes ASCII Binary Decimal Hexadecimal 0010 0001 0010 0010 0010 0011 0010 0100 0010 0101 0010 0110 0010 0111 0010 1000 0010 1001 0010 1010 0010 loll 0010 1100 0010 1101 0010 1110 0010 1111 0011 0000 0011 0001 0011 0010 0011 0011 0011 0100...
  • Page 135 Standard ASCII Codes Decimal Hexadecimal Binary 0100 1101 0100 1110 0100 1111 0101 0000 0101 0001 0101 0010 0101 0011 0101 0100 0101 0101 0101 0110 0101 0111 0101 1000 0101 1001 0101 1010 0101 loll 0101 1100 0101 1101 0101 1110 0101 1111 0110 0000...
  • Page 136 Standard ASCII Codes Decimal Hexadecimal 145 ! Character set Binary Setl ,> 0111 1001 :“ 1’ 0111 1010 0111 loll “~ “~ 0111 1100 0111 1101 ,,,, 0111 1110 0111 1111 1000 0000 1000 0001 1000 0010 1000 0011 1000 0100 1000 0101 1000 0110 1000 0111...
  • Page 137 Standard A SCII Codes Decimal Hexadecimal Binary 1010 0101 1010 0110 1010 0111 1010 1000 1010 1001 1010 1010 1010 loll 1010 1100 1010 1101 1010 1110 1010 1111 1o11 0000 1o11 0001 1o11 0010 1o11 0011 1o11 0100 1011 0101 1o11 0110 1o11 0111 1o11 1000...
  • Page 138 Standard ASCII Codes Decimal Hexadecimal E .4 Character set Binary 1100 loll 1100 1100 1100 1101 1100 1110 1100 1111 1101 0000 1101 0001 1101 0010 1101 0011 1101 0100 1101 0101 1101 0110 1101 0111 1101 1000 1101 1001 1101 1010 1101 loll 1101 1100...
  • Page 139 Standard ASCIICodes Hexadecimal Binary Decimal 1111 0010 1111 0011 1111 0100 1111 0101 1111 0110 1111 0111 1111 1000 1111 1001 1111 1010 1111 loll 1111 1100 1111 1101 1111 1110 1111 1111 m’-...
  • Page 140 MEMO...
  • Page 141 APPENDIX C FUNCTIONCODES The purpose of this Appendix is to provide a quick reference for the various functions available on this printer. Codes are described in the following format. PURPOSE Tells what the function code does. CODE Control code mnemonic (decimal ASCII) ASCII decimal equivalent (hex ASCII)
  • Page 142 PURPOSE Cancels italic characters. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes the printer to REMARKS cancel italic printing and select the standard reman characters. This com- mand is ignored when the “Italic Panel” mode is selected at power-on. Chapter 4 PURPOSE Selects an international character...
  • Page 143 PURPOSE Selects character set #2. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command selects character set #2 when the DIP switch 2-5 is set off. You can select character set #2 as the power-on default by turning DIP switch l-7 offwhile the DIPswitch2-5 issetoff.
  • Page 144 PURPOSE Selects NLQ characters. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command causes the printer to print characters until the NLQ mode is cancell- ed. You can select NLQ characters as the power-on default by turning DIP switch 1-2 off. This command is ignored when the “Print Quality Panel”...
  • Page 145 I .- Font Ditch controls PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Sets the print pitch to pica. (ESC) “P” This command causes printing to be done in pica pitch, with 136 characters per line.
  • Page 146 Sets the printer p~TRposE print. CODE (S1) (decimal ASCII) (hex .ASCII) REMARKS This command causes printing to be done in condensed pitch, with 233 characters per line for pica condensed, and 272 characters per line for elite con- densed (NLQ characters are not printed in condensed pitch).
  • Page 147 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Sets the printer to proportional print. (ESC) “ “ This command causes all subsequent characters to be printed with propor- tional spacing until proportional printing is cancelled. This command is ignored when the “Print Pitch Panel”...

  • Page 148: Note: The Character "L

    PURPOSE Sets the printer to expanded print. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) RENfARKS This command causes characters to be printed twice as wide as normal (half the current pitch) until expanded printing is cancelled. NOTE: The character “l” (decimal code 49, hexadecimal code 31) can be used instead of ASCII 1.
  • Page 149 PURPOSE Sets the printer to expanded print for the remainder of the current line. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Same as (SO), above. Chapter 4 PURPOSE Cancels one line expanded print. CODE (DC4) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command cancels one line exanded print set with (SO) or (ESC) (SO).
  • Page 150 PURPOSE Selects emphasized printing. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes characters to be REMARKS printed in emphasized until cancelled. Chapter 4 Cancels emphasized printing. PURPOSE (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command REMARKS printing and returns the printer to nor- mal printing.
  • Page 151 PURPOSE Selects underlining. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command underlines the following REMARKS characters until cancelled. NOTE: The character “l” (decimal code 49, hexadecimal code 31) can be used instead of ASCII 1. Chapter 4 PURPOSE Cancels underlining. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII)
  • Page 152 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Selects subscripts. “s” (ESC) This command lowers the following characters and prints them as subscripts until cancelled. All conditions appliable to superscripts also apply to subscripts. NOTE: The character “l”...

  • Page 153: See Chapter

    CONTROLLING THE VERTICAL PRINT POSITION These commands are used to move the paper relative to the print head. By moving the paper up or down, the print head, in effect, moves the opposite direction (down or up) on the page. Line feed and reverse line feed PURPOSE Advances...

  • Page 154: Purpose Code

    PURPOSE Sets line spacing to 1/8 inch. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all subsequent line feeds tol/8 inch. Chapter 5 PURPOSE Sets line spacing to 7/72 inch. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII)

  • Page 155: See Chapter

    PURPOSE Sets or Defines line spacing to n172 CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) .(hex ASCII) This command works in two different REMARKS functions depending on the setting of DIP switch 2-5. When the DIP switch 2-5 is set on, this command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all subsequent line feeds to n/72 inch immediately.
  • Page 156 PURPOSE Sets line spacing to 1/6 inch, or Uses (ESC) “A” definition. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command works in two different functions depending on the setting of DIP switch 2-5. When the DIP switch 2-5 is set on, this command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all subsequent line feeds to 1/6 inch.
  • Page 157 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Form feed and related commands PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Sends a one-time reverse feed of n/216 inch. <<.9> (ESC) This command causes the printer to reverse the paper n/216 inch.
  • Page 158 PURPOSE Reverses the paper to the top of the current page. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command causes the printer to reverse the paper to the top of the cur- rent printing page (or form). This com- mand is ignored when the optional automatic sheet feeder is installed.
  • Page 159 9 Top/Bottom margins and vertical tabs PURPOSE Sets the top margin. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) ~(hex ASCII) This command sets the top margin to n RE.MARKS lines. Printing begins on the (n + l)th line on the page. This command is ignored when the optional automatic sheet feeder is installed.
  • Page 160 PURPOSE Advances paper to the next ver- tical tab position. CODE (VT) (decimal ASCII) (hex .ASCII) REMARKS This command causes the paper to be ad- vanced to the next vertical tab position, or the top of the next page, whichever is first.
  • Page 161 Sets vertical tab positions in a PURPOSE channel. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command cancels all current ver- REMARKS tical tab positions in channel nO and sets those defined at lines nl, n2, n3, The maximum number of vertical tab positions for each channel allowed is 16.
  • Page 162 CONTROLLING THE HORIZONTAL PRINT POSITION This section described commands that move the print head and restrict its printing range (such as setting margins and tabs). PURPOSE Returns print head to the left margin (carriage return). (CR) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command returns the print head to the left margin.
  • Page 163 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SIZE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Sets the left margin. (ESC) “l” This command sets the left margin to n characters. Each line will begin in the (n + l)th character position from the left edge.
  • Page 164 PURPOSE Moves the print head to horizontal tab position. CODE (HT) (decimal ASCII) (hex .ASCII) REMARKS This command causes the print head to advance to the next horizontal tab posi- tion. The horizontal tab positions are set at power-on to print positions 8, 16, 24, etc.
  • Page 165 Moves the print head to an ab- PURPOSE solute horizontal position. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes the printer to REMARKS move the print head to an absolute horizontal position. The position, in inch- es, is determined by the formula (nl + n2 256)/60.
  • Page 166 PURPOSE Adds characters. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ,ASCII) This command increases the space be- REMARKS tween characters by n dots when the DIP switch 2-5 is set on. Chapter 6 PURPOSE Sets characters. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command sets the next print posi- REMARKS tion to n columns from the left margin.

  • Page 167: Code (Esc) "$" Nl N2

    DOWNLOAD CHARACTER COMMANDS PURPOSE Defines download characters into RAM. (ESC) “&” .CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command is used to define one or more user-defined characters and to store them into RAM for later use. RAM is cleared when the power is turned off. The values of nl and n2 specify the range of positions in RAM that the characters are to occupy.
  • Page 168 PURPOSE Copies standard character ROM font into RAM. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hexASCII) REMARKS This command copies all the standard characters download character RAM area. This destroys characters in that range. NOTE: This command is ignored when the DIP switch 2-1 is set on. Chapter 7 PURPOSE Selects download character set.

  • Page 169: (Esc) Nl

    DOT GRAPHICS COMMANDS PURPOSE Prints normal-density graphics. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command selects 60 dots-per-inch, column-scan, bit-image graphics mode. The values of nl and n2 represent the number of graphics characters to be printed, where the total number of characters = n2 times 256 + nl.

  • Page 170: (Hex Ascii)

    Prints double-density graphics at PURPOSE double-speed. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command selects 120 dots-per-inch, column-scan, bit-image graphics mode at double-speed. The values of nl and n2 are the same as in normal-density graphics. graphics data bytes (ml, m2, etc.) must follow n2.

  • Page 171: See Chapter

    PURPOSE Selects graphics modes. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command selects one seven possi- ble graphics modes, depending on the value of nO.The values of nl and n2 are the same as normal-density graphics mode. The correct number of graphics data bytes (ml, m2, etc.) must follow n2.
  • Page 172 Selects 9-pin graphics. PURPOSE (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command selects column-scan, 9- REMARKS pin bit-image graphics mode. The value of nO determines the print density. The values of nl and n2 are the same as normal-density graphics mode. The cor- rect number of graphics data bytes (ml, m2, etc.) must follow n2.
  • Page 173 MACRO INSTRUCTION COMMANDS Defines macro instruction. PURPOSE (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command cancels any existing REMARKS macro instruction, and replace it with the defined number of characters allowed in the macro instruction is 16. The (RS) character marks the end of the macro definition.
  • Page 174 OTHER COMMANDS Sets the value of the eighth data PURPOSE bit to logical 1. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command forces the eighth data bit REMARKS of each subsequent character sent to the printer to logical 1. This code allows users with a 7-bit interface to access those characters whose ASCII code is greater than 127.
  • Page 175 Accepts the value of the eighth PURPOSE data bit as is. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command cancels either setting of REMARKS the eighth data bit. The printer will use the value of the eighth data bit that is sent from the computer.
  • Page 176 Moves the print head back one PURPOSE print position (backspace). (BS) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command shifts the print head one REMARKS column to the left. If the print head is at the left margin, the command is ignored. This command can be used to overstrike or combine characters.
  • Page 177 PURPOSE Sets printer off line. <DC3) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes the printer to go REMARKS off line, disregarding all subsequent characters and function codes, with the exception of (DC1 ), which will return the printer to the on line state. This is not the same as pushing the On Line key.
  • Page 178 PURPOSE Disables paper-out detector. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes the printer to REMARKS disregard the signal sent by the paper- out detector. The paper-out signal nor- mally sounds the printer bell and stops printing until paper is inserted and the printer is reset.
  • Page 179 I .- PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Cancels uni-directional printing. “u” (ESC) This command cancels uni-directional printing and returns to the standard bi- directional printing, which is con- siderably faster. The character “O”(decimal code NOTE: 48, hexadecimal code 30) can be used instead of ASCII O.
  • Page 180 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Enlarges characters in whole or in part; cancels same. “h” (ESC) This special command characters following the command until the enlargement is cancelled. The values of n have the following effects. n Effect Cancels enlargement Double-high, double-wide...

  • Page 181: (Decimal Ascii)

    PURPOSE Cancels the expansion of printable area. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command cancels the expansion of REMARKS the printable character area and restores the high-order control code area when the DIP switch 2-5 is set on. Chapter 6 Prints characters in the undefined PURPOSE control code area.

  • Page 182: (Hex Ascii)

    PURPOSE Sets immediate print mode. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS This command selects the immediate print mode. In the immediate print mode the print head prints one character at a time, as you send it. The printer also moves the paper up so that you can see the current line and then down to con- tinue printing.
  • Page 183 PURPOSE Resets the printer. CODE (ESC) (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command reinitializes the printer. REMARKS The print buffer is cleared, and the form length, character set, bottom margin, and international character set are all reset to the values defined by their respective DIP switches.

  • Page 184: Purpose Code (Bel)

    PURPOSE Cancels auto feed mode. (ESC) CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) This command causes the printer to REMARKS cancel the auto sheet feeding mode. This command is ignored when the optional automatic sheet feeder is not mounted on the printer. Chapter 6 PURPOSE Cancels auto feed mode.
  • Page 185 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS Ejects paper. “R” (ESC) (EM) This command causes the printer to eject paper. This command is ignored when the optional automatic sheet feeder is not mounted on the printer. Chapter 6 Ejects paper.
  • Page 186 MEMO...

  • Page 187: Sets Printer Off Line

    APPENDIX D COMMANDSUMMARY IN NUMERICORDER Function Control code Sounds the printer bell CHR$(7) Moves the print head back one print CHR$(8) position (backspace) Moves the print head to the next CHR$(9) horizontal tab position Advances the paper one line (line CHR$(1O) feed) Advances paper to the next vertical...
  • Page 188 (ESC) CHR$(25) CHR$(4) Selects auto feed mode Ejects paper (ESC) CHR$(25) “R” Adds n dot spaces between (ESC) CH,R$(32)n characters (ESC) “!” n Sets the master print mode Accepts the value of the eighth data (ESC) “#” bit as is Moves the print head to an absolute (ESC) “$”...
  • Page 189 (ESC) “)” Sets the value of the eighth data bit to logical 1 Redefines the graphics mode (ESC) “?” nO nl Resets the printer (ESC) “@” Sets or defines line spacing to n/72 (ESC) “A” n inch (ESC) “B” nl n2 n3 ... CHR$(0) Sets vertical tab positions Sets page length to n inches (ESC) “C”...
  • Page 190 nl n2 ml m2 ... (ESC) “Z” Prints quadruple-density graphics (ESC) “\” nl ?2.2 Moves the print head to a specified horizontal position (ESC) “ - “ nOnl n2 ml m2 ... Selects 9-pin graphics Sets alignment or centering (ESC) “a” n (ESC) “b”...
  • Page 191 SPECIFICATIONS Printing Printing method Printing speed Print buffer Paper feed Printing direction Character set Draft characters NLQ characters Other characters Character matrix APPENDIX E TECHNICAL Serial impact dot matrix 120 characters per second (in Draft pica) 30 characters per second (in NLQ mode) 4 KB 2.7 inches/second (for form feeding) Tractor and Friction feed...
  • Page 192 1/6 inch standard Line spacing 1/8, n/72 or n/216 inch programmable 136, nomal pica Column width 163, normal elite 233, condensed pica 272, condensed elite 68, expanded pica 81, expanded elite 116, expanded condensed pica 136, expanded condensed elite and Proportional spacing Near Letter Quality Special.features Automatic single sheet insertion...
  • Page 193 Temperature: 5 to 40°C (40 to 104”F) Environment Humidity: 10 to 809’0, n on condensing Black cloth ribbon in special cartridge Ribbon Ribbon life: 3 million draft characters 100 million draft characters Print head life Parallel interface Centronic-compatible, 7 or 8 bit Interface By external supplied Strobe pulses Synchronization...
  • Page 194 MEMO...
  • Page 195 APPENDIX F PARALLEL INTERFACE This printer has a parallel interface to communicate with the computer. The operating specifications of the parallel interface are as follows: 1,000 to 6,000 characters per second Data transfer rate: Via externally supplied STROBE pulses Synchronization: Handshaking: ACK and BUSY signals Logic level:...
  • Page 196 [ ‘----------- —.- —— STROBE ~ —1 L—..— ‘“s’ The interfacetiming diagram. Figure F-1. Siwd N’ame STROBE (To Printer) BUSY,ACK (From Printer) Typicalinterfacecircuit. Figure F-2. When the printer has successfully received the byte of data from the computer it sets pin 10 low for approximately 2.75 microseconds (15 microseconds when using the optional buffer board).
  • Page 197 The printer will report that it has run out of paper by making the PAPER OUT signal on pin 12 high. This pin can be held low by turning DIP switch 1-5 off. When the printer is in the on-line state, pin 13 is held high.
  • Page 198 Pins 14, 15, 34 and 35 are not used, while pins 16, 17, 19-30 and 33 are grounded. Pin 18 is connected to the +5VDC supply in the printer. Pin 31 can be used to reset the printer. If this signal (RESET) goes low the printer will reinitialize.
  • Page 199 APPENDIX G SERIAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS This printer provides a very flexible RS232C serial interface as an option. It can communicate at rates from 150 to 19,200 baud (bits per second) and supports four different kinds of hand- shaking. This interface can also function as a 20mA current loop interface.
  • Page 200 Table G-1 Serial interface pirf functions ~i::;l Direction Pio No. – – TTYTXI)R – TTY TXD OUT – 14-16 N/C ‘lTYTXDR – TTY RXDR – TTY RXD IN o’ 21-22 N/C TTY RXDR – TTY TXD OUT TTY RXD IN Function Printer’s chassis ground.
  • Page 201 Table G-2 DIP switch on serial board Switch 7 data bits Parity checked Handshaking protocols–see Table Odd parity Data transfer rate–see Table G-4 Table G-3 Handshaking protocols Protocol Serial busy, 1 byte mode Serial busy, 1 block mode mode XON/XOFF mode Table G-4 Data transfer rates Baudrate...
  • Page 202 data. These two pins go ON when the printer is ready to accept data. In the 1 byte mode they go OFF after each character is received. In the 1 block mode they only go OFF when the printer’s buffer approaches capacity. In both cases they will stay OFF if the buffer is too full to accept more data.
  • Page 203 Serial busy protocol (I byte) mode Fin 20 Pin I 1 au f f e r Serial busy protocol (1 block) mode P,” 3 g:~o – $::, Buffer XON/XOFF prutacol Pin 3 xOFF (DC31 XOFF IDC31’ P,” 2 f . . ACK protocol Pm 3 :::0...
  • Page 204 INDEX 9-pingraphics, 112, 164 tab, 69, 157 Absolute ACKprotocol,194 Adjustingpapergap, 16 Adjustingwidthof space,81 Advancepaper, 55, 145, 146, 147, 148, Aligning text, 74, 158 Alternategraphicscodes, Codefor Information American Standard Interchange, 3 9 ASCIIcodeconversion chart, 125 ASCIIcodes,39, 94 Attributebyte, 99 Autofeed mode, 175 Automatic sheet feeder, 92, 175 Backspace, 79, 168 BASIC, 37, 38...
  • Page 205 Defining characters, 98, 159 macro instruction, 93, 165 <DEL), 79, 168 Delete, 79, 168 Deselect printer, 78, 170 Detector, cover open, 5 paper-out, 78, 169 DIP switches, 10, 24, 56, 58, 81, 84, 92, 121, 134, 145, 147, 149, 154, 158, 1?0, 172, 175, 191 Dot graphics, 108, 163 Dot graphics commands, 161...
  • Page 206 Expanded print, 27, 33, 47, 53, 140 Extra functions, 10, 33 Feeding paper, 10, 13 <FF),61, 149 Fontpitchcommands, 1 37 Fontstylecommands, 1 33 Foreignlanguagecharacters,87,122, 134 Formfeed,61, 149 Formfeed commands, 1 49 Formfeed,reverse,61 Forwardmicro-feed, 3 5 Gap,adjusting,16 Graphics, 8 4 CRT, 110, 111 CRT type II, 110, 111 data, 109...
  • Page 207 Paper separator, 7, 14 Paper thickness, adjustment, 16 Paper-out, 122 Paper-out detector, 78 Parallel interface, 187 Pica Ditch.26.33, 46.137 Pitch; 26, ’46,“137 Pitch indicators, 9 Platen, 7 Platen knob, 10 Plotter graphics, 110, Power cord, 7 Power indicator, 9 Power switch, 10 Print head, 7, 118 Print pitch, 26 Print pitch key, 9, 34...
  • Page 208 Consumer Response Star Micronics Co., Ltd. invites your suggestions and com- ments on your printer and this manual. Please address your cor- respondence to: WorldwideHeadquutiers: STAR MICRONICS CO., LTD. 194 Nakayoshida Shizuoka, JAPAN 422-91 Attn: Product Manager American Market: STAR MICRONICS AMERICA INC.
  • Page 210 PRINTED IN JAPAN...

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