Leica apMK12 Operation & Installation Manual
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Leica apMK12 Operation & Installation Manual

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apMK12 Navigation System
Operation &
Installation
Manual
1
8/13/01, 11:42 AM

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Summary of Contents for Leica apMK12

  • Page 1: Installation Manual

    Navigation System Operation & Installation Manual 8/13/01, 11:42 AM...
  • Page 2 ap MK12 Operator’s Manual MK12 Navigation System MK12 GPS MK12 DGPS Product Information The model and serial number of your instrument are given on the instrument. Enter the model and serial number in the spaces provided below. Always refer to this information when you contact your dealer.
  • Page 3 Symbols Used In This Manual Danger Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Warning Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Caution Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury and/or appreciable material, financial and environmental damage.

  • Page 4: Related Documents

    Scope Of This Manual This manual reflects the software capabilities in version 1.5 software. We have attempted to take care and develop manuals which provide in-depth information. Where possible, we have attempted not only to describe what you see on the screen, but how to understand and use it as well.
  • Page 5 Unlike many other consumer electronics industries that only sell con- sumer electronic devices, your marine dealer is often your best advisor for installation and service of your new GPS receiver. Leica strongly encourages you to utilize the knowledge and experience of your sales and service dealer.

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Operation & Installation Manual Table of Contents About GPS Navigation ................. 1 Special Notes ..................... 2 GPS ....................2 DGPS ....................2 Charts and Navigational Aids ..........2 Functional Description ................. 3 MK12 Configurations ..................... 3 MK12 GPS ..................... 3 MK12 DGPS ....................
  • Page 7 Operation & Installation Manual Table of Contents GOTO .................. 12 LIGHT ................. 12 POWER ON/OFF ............... 12 MAN OVER BOARD (MOB) ..........13 E (EDIT) ................13 C (CLEAR) ................14 CURSOR ................14 FUNCTION ................. 14 N AV Navigate ......................16 Dead Reckoning ....................
  • Page 8 Table of Contents Operation & Installation Manual Inserting Waypoints or Routes into an Existing Route .. 38 Reversing the Active Route ............. 40 ETA Setup ........................ 41 SOG Based on Arrival Date & Time: ............ 42 ETA Based on Speed: ................42 RTE2 - The Route Bank ..................
  • Page 9 Operation & Installation Manual Table of Contents PLOT 2 - Relative to Marker ................75 Plot Screen Use Examples ................. 76 Station Keeping ..................76 Grid Search ....................77 Man Over Board ................78 Tide ........................ 81 TIDE1 - Current Tide Display ................81 TIDE2 - Tide Table Port List ................
  • Page 10 Table of Contents Operation & Installation Manual Configuration ....................97 Alarms ........................97 Anchor - Anchor Watch Alarm ................98 COG SOG - Course & Speed Filter Settings & Setup ........98 Compass - External Compass Input & Magnetic VariationTable ....99 Datum - Current Position Calculation .............
  • Page 11 Operation & Installation Manual Table of Contents Wpt & Rte Input - Uploading Waypoints into the Receiver ....... 128 Appendix A - Datum List ................129 Appendix B - Beacon List................ 130 Appendix C- Engineering Mode ............. 142 AUX7 - Unit Information & Self Test ..............142 CDU Cold Start - Clearing Memory to Factory Default ........
  • Page 12 Table of Contents Operation & Installation Manual Input NMEA 0183 Sentences ..............171 Viewing Input Data ..................171 Dual Control (Remote) Interface ............173 Troubleshooting Guide ..................175 Memory Backup Battery ................... 176 Appendix G - Technical Specifications ..........177 Glossary ......................
  • Page 13 Operation & Installation Manual Table of Contents viii Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:12 AM...

  • Page 14: About Gps Navigation

    About GPS Navigation Operation & Installation Manual About GPS Navigation This GPS receiver is a precision navigation instrument utilizing the latest technology available today to provide optimum performance from the GPS satellite and Beacon land signals received. As with all other forms of radio signals, the ultimate navigation result is depen- dent upon the quality of these signals.

  • Page 15: Special Notes

    Operation & Installation Manual Functional Description Special Notes Never rely solely on any single navigational aid. Always use whatever information is available, and cross-check information when possible. GPS expected position accuracy is better than 30 meters (95% of the time) but may be up to 100 meters occasionally. The derived speed and course readings may be hampered accordingly.

  • Page 16: Functional Description

    Functional Description Operation & Installation Manual Functional Description MK12 Configurations The MK12 Navigation System is available in two basic configurations. Described below are the MK12 configurations and their differences. MK12 GPS This is a basic MK12 Control and Display Unit (CDU) model with two (2) bidirectional user NMEA ports.

  • Page 17: Dgps Beacon System

    Operation & Installation Manual DGPS DGPS Beacon System As Maritime Safety Administrations, Navy, and Coast Guard Organi- zations realize the limitations of standard GPS positioning, many have begun installing DGPS Beacon Stations. While an understanding of this system is not necessary for operating receivers with internal bea- con receivers, you may want to read on to have a better understanding of how your receiver is capable of achieving the high levels of accu- racy made possible by this network of transmitters.
  • Page 18 DGPS Operation & Installation Manual Because of the limited range of the beacon transmitters, typically 150 to 400 km, the corrections generated by the reference station are al- ways valid for users who can receive the correction signals and main- tain a 5 meter or better accuracy figure.
  • Page 19 Operation & Installation Manual DGPS Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:30 AM...

  • Page 20: Keypad & Display Description

    Keypad & Display Description Operation & Installation Manual Keypad & Display Description Traffic Display Function Keys Lights R T E N A V W P T P L O T A U X T I D E P O S G P S A I S C F G...

  • Page 21: Differential Gps Traffic Light Operation

    Operation & Installation Manual Keypad & Display Description Differential GPS Traffic Light Operation: Red Flashing Not tracking satellites (no position update). This is normal for the first 2 minutes or so when turning the unit on. The very first time you turn the unit on, or if the memory is reset or lost, this condition is also normal.

  • Page 22: Yellow Solid

    Keypad & Display Description Operation & Installation Manual Yellow Solid DGPS position update with poor HDOP value. You may see this from time to time during normal operation. It usually occurs when you are tracking 3, 4, or 5 satellites, and the satellites have poor geometry relative to your position.

  • Page 23: Yellow Solid

    Operation & Installation Manual Keypad & Display Description minutes after changing to Red Solid to collect an almanac from the satellites, regardless of whether a position update has been calculated or not. This is also a normal indication if the HDOP is greater than 10. The HDOP value can be read in the GPS function screens.

  • Page 24: The Softkeys

    Keypad & Display Description Operation & Installation Manual With the exception of a portion of the PLOT and MOB screens which use two softkeys to change the view scale, all of the screens require that you press the E (Edit Mode) function key before you are allowed to change data on the screen.

  • Page 25: Goto

    Operation & Installation Manual Keypad & Display Description GOTO This function key allows you to quickly create a route from your present position to one other waypoint. This single waypoint route can use an existing waypoint from the Waypoint Bank, or you can quickly create one by either defining the appropriate coordinates or specifying a range and bearing.

  • Page 26: Man Over Board (Mob)

    Keypad & Display Description Operation & Installation Manual MAN OVER BOARD (MOB) This dedicated function key is located at the bottom right hand corner of the front panel. When depressed for a few seconds, it activates a number of automatic functions: Ø...

  • Page 27: C C (Clear)

    Operation & Installation Manual Keypad & Display Description finished editing. If after editing you press a function key and nothing seems to happen, check to make sure you didn’t accidentally alter your information and press the E key to end editing. Most edit screens provides an Escape softkey.
  • Page 28 Keypad & Display Description Operation & Installation Manual Another helpful feature on this CDU is that successive depressions on the function key (when not in the edit mode) allow you to page through all of the screens available for that particular function. You can accomplish the same thing by selecting a function and using the left and right arrows on the cursor key (which is sometimes faster).

  • Page 29: Navigate

    Operation & Installation Manual Navigate Navigate There are four basic NAV screens. NAV4 only provides data if appro- priate sensors (e.g. wind speed/direction logs, NMEA compass, etc.) are interfaced and activated on the CDU. The NAV functions are highly interactive with the RTE1 screen, and a number of CFG menu selec- tions.

  • Page 30: Dead Reckoning

    Navigate Operation & Installation Manual UTM, and some alarm limits. There is an optional software pack- age available to setup a user grid as well. The option is explained in the Position, and CFG Position sections of this manual. Ø Time - sets appropriate offsets, and 12 or 24 hour clock mode. Ø...
  • Page 31 Operation & Installation Manual Navigate to this object. The two dash lines extending from the bottom of the screen towards the center of the screen represent your cross-track error limits. The dotted line extending from the bow of the boat icon represents your course line.
  • Page 32 Navigate Operation & Installation Manual Ø View - allows you to adjust the display for a Close (zoomed-in) or a Far (zoomed-out) representation of your route. Ø Show Waypoints - allows you to turn waypoints which are not part of the active route on and off. Ø...

  • Page 33: Nav2 - Basic Steering Information

    Operation & Installation Manual Navigate NAV2 - Basic Steering Information Navigate screen 2 provides the bearing (BRG) and range (RNG) to the waypoint you are approaching in large easily viewed characters. Be- low these, you will see your actual Course Over Ground (COG) and Speed Over Ground (SOG).

  • Page 34: Nav 3 - Expanded Navigation Information

    Navigate Operation & Installation Manual From time to time, you might drift off course and decide not to return to your original course line. If you drift outside of your cross-track error limit, you can reset your course line from your present position to the waypoint by pressing the E key and selecting Reset XTE from the display.

  • Page 35: Nav4 - Sensor Input Navigation

    Operation & Installation Manual Navigate time to go is greater than 99:59:59. Also, these values are calculated by using your Waypoint Closure Velocity (WCV), not your SOG. WCV is described in short detail in the NAV4 section which follows. You will find the right hand window to be a helpful tool. In addition to identifying the waypoint you are currently approaching, it identifies the waypoint at the end of the next leg.
  • Page 36 Navigate Operation & Installation Manual tide data, sensor offset, alarms, and the input NMEA 0183 record from which to derive the depth information. The NMEA 0183 record should be specified by the user, because several NMEA 0183 records may contain depth information. This provides you the ca- pability of knowing the depth source exactly.
  • Page 37 Operation & Installation Manual Navigate The window below the wind data provides information relating to your course and speed. You will find the Course Over Ground (COG calcu- lated by the MX421 smart GPS antenna), Heading (HDG, your NMEA 0183 compass input), and Heading To Steer (HTS) data on the left side of the window.
  • Page 38 Navigate Operation & Installation Manual Below this information, you will find your Set and Drift data, which is calculated using GPS and your compass and speed sensor inputs. Reset XTE and Skip Waypoint, described at the end of NAV2, is also available in NAV4.

  • Page 39: Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Route Route There are two RTE screens. The NAV functions are highly interactive with the RTE1 screen. The RTE2 screen allows you to create a pool of predetermined routes that you might use often, so you need only create the route one time.

  • Page 40: Rte1 - The Active Route

    Route Operation & Installation Manual main intact in the RTE2 screen. The following CFG1 menus directly impact the RTE functions: Ø Navigation - sets a variety of important functions and alarms. ð Rhumb line or Great Circle navigation ð Range units: nautical miles, nautical miles and meters (when under 1,000 meters), nautical miles and feet (when under 1,000 feet), statute miles, statute miles and meters (when under 1,000 meters), statute miles and feet (when under 1,000 feet), kilo-...

  • Page 41: Creating A Route Using The Goto Key

    Operation & Installation Manual GOTO Creating a Route Using the GOTO Key: Using the GOTO function key is the fastest way to create a single leg route. Using this method will cause the existing active route to be erased and overwritten with the new position you define. 1.
  • Page 42 GOTO Operation & Installation Manual Lat. Lon., Grid Point, Loran C TD’s - allows you to define a coordi- nate and description, which is also stored at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. Once the coordi- nates are defined, press the E key to copy the waypoint to the active route.
  • Page 43 Operation & Installation Manual GOTO International characters are available by selecting the associated function key. Refer to the Keypad & Display Description section at the front of the manual. If you decide you don’t want to continue with this function, press the Escape softkey, then press the E key.

  • Page 44: Erasing An Existing Route

    Route Operation & Installation Manual Below Waypoint 0 is the waypoint you defined in the GOTO function. Notice that this information is in standard video, black characters on a white background, and that an ETA time is displayed in the same posi- tion as the waypoint passed time in Waypoint 0.

  • Page 45: Creating A Multi-Waypoint Active Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Route Creating a Multi-Waypoint Active Route There are four methods to create a multi-waypoint route: Ø Insert By Number - allows you to type in or scroll through in numerical order using the cursor key, waypoints that you previ- ously stored in the Waypoint Bank (see WPT later in this manual).

  • Page 46: Insert By Number

    Route Operation & Installation Manual Insert By Number The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing an Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen. 1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed. 2.

  • Page 47: Choose In Bank

    Operation & Installation Manual Route Choose in Bank The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing an Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen. 1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed. 2.

  • Page 48: Insert New Waypoint

    Route Operation & Installation Manual this WPT softkey. 7. When you are finished, press the Done softkey to get back to the main menu. 8. You can then choose to select another waypoint using the same method, select Escape to go back one level and use another method to enter waypoints, or select Done do go back to the main menu.

  • Page 49: Insert Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Route 6. When the information is correct, press the Done softkey. 7. You can then choose to enter another waypoint using the same method, select Escape to go back one level and use another method to enter waypoints, or select Done to go back to the main menu. 8.

  • Page 50: Maneuvering Within The Route

    Route Operation & Installation Manual Maneuvering Within the Route Scrolling You can use the cursor key to scroll up and down the active route. You will probably want to do this when you update your log book to indi- cate when you passed a given waypoint, or when you want to know the ETA to a waypoint other than the one you are currently traveling towards.

  • Page 51: Inserting Waypoints Or Routes Into An Existing Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Route Use the up (é) softkey to unpass or the down (ê) softkey to pass waypoints in the route until the waypoint marked by the cursor is displayed with white characters on a black background (Daylight dis- play, see CFG1 Lighting).
  • Page 52 Route Operation & Installation Manual 5. Press the E key to end editing. There is one special way to add a waypoint to the active route using the Plotter display. This method adds the waypoint between your present position and the next waypoint in your active route. 1.

  • Page 53: Reversing The Active Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Route Verify that the waypoint number and coordinates are correct in the left hand window. 4. Press the GOTO function key. 5. Press the E key to exit the edit mode. Note that RTE1 and PLOT1 are updated with your new waypoint. Reversing the Active Route Once you get to your final destination, you might want to follow the same route home.

  • Page 54: Eta Setup

    Route Operation & Installation Manual ETA Setup If you choose to use this function, it is probably better to operate the unit in UTC time mode if you are going to cross one or more time zones. Note that the time entered uses the offset to UTC applied in the CFG1 Time display.

  • Page 55: Sog Based On Arrival Date & Time

    Operation & Installation Manual Route SOG Based on Arrival Date & Time: 5. Enter the arrival time and date. Be sure to enter the date as day, month, year, as indicated on the screen. 6. Press the Done softkey. In this mode, the actual SOG is compared to the required SOG to meet the specified arrival date and time.

  • Page 56: Rte2 - The Route Bank

    Route Operation & Installation Manual RTE2 - The Route Bank The Route Bank is a convenient place for you to preprogram segments of a long voyage, or to program routes that you follow over and over again. Creating routes for the Route Bank uses the same methods as the Active Route with a few exceptions: you can’t use the GOTO key, and you can’t use the Plotter screen.
  • Page 57 Operation & Installation Manual Route 6. Press the Done softkey when you are finished editing the name. Note: It is a good idea at this point to select Lock Route so that way you won’t accidentally erase the route sometime in the future. 7.

  • Page 58: Waypoint

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint The Waypoint Bank (WPT) is a single list of up to 2,000 waypoints that you store for use in the routes you create. It also stores special coordinates and time, through the use of the Mark or Event function key or external input, or the MOB function key or external input.

  • Page 59: Creating And Editing Waypoints

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint For example, if you are looking for the LA HARBOR ENTRANCE and you enter HAR, the screen will display all waypoints with these three characters in this exact order. Creating and Editing Waypoints When editing a waypoint, you are always prompted to select the ap- propriate datum.
  • Page 60 Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual 3. Make New WPT 4a. Use WGS-84 Datum 4b. Use Datum Other 4c. Create a new WPT Based Select Than WGS-84 on a Range & Bearing Lat/Lon (W84) Select from an existing WPT Lat/Lon Datum Select Range Bearing Select desired datum...
  • Page 61 Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint Lat/Lon (W84) - allows you to enter coordinates in the WGS 84 datum. This choice takes you directly into the coordinate input screen. Go to step 5. Lat/Lon Datum - allows you to choose a datum (see the list in the screen sample above) from the more than 110 available Datums.
  • Page 62 Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual 5. Enter the appropriate coordinates using the cursor key and nu- meric keypad. 6. Move the cursor down and modify the waypoint number if you wish. Otherwise the CDU assigns the next available number, begin- ning at 1.
  • Page 63 Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint The following international characters are supported by cycling through the standard letter function key: ABC = Ä, Å, Æ, À, Ç DEF = É, È GHI = Í MNO = Ñ, Ó, Ö STU = Ú, Ü Press the CFG key when in the edit mode to cycle through these additional characters: ‘...

  • Page 64: Waypoint Lock/Unlock

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual Note: Locked waypoints can not be overwritten by waypoints downloaded from the NMEA port or saved by the Mark or MOB func- tions. 9. Then press the E function key to end editing. You can press the E key when you finish editing a waypoint. This is treated the same as pressing the Done softkey.

  • Page 65: To Lock A Waypoint

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint To Lock a Waypoint 1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed. 2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint. 3. Press the E key. 4. Press the Lock this WPT softkey. 5.

  • Page 66: To Lock All Waypoints

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual To Lock all Waypoints 1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed. 2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint. 3. Press the E key. 4. Press the More softkey. 5. Press the More softkey again. 6.

  • Page 67: Removing Waypoints

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint Removing Waypoints Unlocked waypoints can be overwritten by waypoints received on the NMEA port containing the same waypoint number, by the Mark func- tion, or the MOB function. The Mark and MOB functions start storing waypoints beginning at waypoint 1999 and work their way backwards.

  • Page 68: Moving Waypoints

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual 5c If you select Remove Range, the CDU will delete all unlocked waypoints that are not stored in a route between a range of waypoint numbers that you enter. You will be prompted to con- firm the deletion: 6.
  • Page 69 Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint 5a. To move a single waypoint, enter the original waypoint number on the First WPT Number and Last WPT Number. 5b. To move a range of waypoints, enter the first and last waypoint numbers to move on the First WPT Number and Last WPT Number. Keep in mind that the CDU will sort these waypoints numerically and all waypoints between the entered numbers will be moved to the new location.

  • Page 70: Downloading Waypoints & Routes To Other Devices

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual Downloading Waypoints & Routes to Other Devices Refer to the Installation & Service Manual for hardware interfacing guidelines. The CDU can download all of your stored waypoints and routes, and your active route to other NMEA 0183 devices which accept the RTE, Rnn, and WPL data sentences.

  • Page 71: Rte - Active Route

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint explanation / actual use: nn = active route number, 00 or 01 can be set to 00 or 01 (default 00). 2 - 15: 14 field sequence of route waypoint IDs. Checksum can be set on or off (default on). RTE - Active Route: Waypoint identifiers, listed in order with starting waypoint first, for the identified route.

  • Page 72: Wpl - Waypoint Location - Nmea 0183 Standard

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual WPL - Waypoint Location - NMEA 0183 Standard: Latitude and Longitude of specified waypoint. The content of this sentence will normally be the position of the next waypoint in the route. The CFG1 NMEA out WPL has a special “Send All” option. Selecting this feature will send all the waypoints in the Waypoint Bank once, independent of the WPL sentence setup as ON or OFF.

  • Page 73: Downloading Waypoints To A Personal Computer

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint field#: 2 $GPWPL,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,cccc xxxxxxxxxxzzzzzzzzzz*hh <CR><LF> explanation / actual use: 2 & 3: Waypoint Latitude, North or South, N/S number of deci- mals can be set to 2, 3, 4 or 5 (default 2). 4 & 5: Waypoint longitude, East or West, E/W number of decimals can be set to 2, 3, 4 or 5 (default 2).
  • Page 74 Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual 1. Connect the CDU’s port 2 RS-232 port to the PC’s communications port (Refer to the Installation & Service Manual). 2. On the CDU press the CFG key until CFG1 screen is displayed. 3. Scroll down the menu to NMEA Out 2. 4.

  • Page 75: Uploading Waypoints From Other Devices

    Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint 16. Click on the Transfers menu. 17. Double click on the CDU Text File menu item and make the follow- ing settings. [give the file a name.txt] [select a location (folder) to store the file] 18.

  • Page 76: Uploading Waypoints From A Personal Computer

    Waypoint Operation & Installation Manual Uploading Waypoints from a Personal Computer You can use any terminal or communications program to download or upload waypoints and routes to or from the CDU and a PC. Set the PC to: 4800 baud 8 bits 1 stop bit no parity...
  • Page 77 Operation & Installation Manual Waypoint 4800 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit Parity - none Flow Control - none Connector - Com1 (or Com2, depending where the external interface is) Parity Check - blank Carrier Detect - blank 12. Click on the Transfers menu. 13.

  • Page 78: Mark Or Event

    Mark or Event Operation & Installation Manual Mark or Event This function key stores your present position, date and time at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. A window pops up on the screen to confirm your key depression, and to tell you where the Mark position is being stored.

  • Page 79: Goto

    Operation & Installation Manual GOTO GOTO Using the GOTO function key is the fastest way to create a single leg route. This method will cause the existing active route to be erased and overwritten with the new position you define. 1.
  • Page 80 GOTO Operation & Installation Manual briefly displayed indicating that the active route will be replaced with the GOTO route. If you decide you don’t want to continue with this function, press the Escape softkey, then select another function key (e.g. NAV) and your original route will have been left intact.
  • Page 81 Operation & Installation Manual GOTO see in the navigate screens between your present position and your next waypoint during normal navigation. Below Waypoint 0 is the waypoint you defined in the GOTO function. Notice that this information is in standard video, black characters on a white background, and that an ETA time is displayed in the same posi- tion as the waypoint passed time in Waypoint 0.

  • Page 82: Plot

    Plot Operation & Installation Manual Plot There are two PLOT screens. The RTE1 and WPT functions are highly interactive with the PLOT screens. The primary difference between the PLOT1 and PLOT2 screens is the point of reference. The PLOT1 screen displays graphic information around the boat at your present position.
  • Page 83 Operation & Installation Manual Plot The bottom left softkey is the Zoom-In softkey; the second softkey from the left is the Zoom-Out softkey. These two softkeys are active without pressing the E key. Each time you depress one of these softkeys, you scale by one-half or by double the graphical area.

  • Page 84: Plot 1 - Relative To Boat

    Plot Operation & Installation Manual PLOT 1 - Relative to Boat The information in PLOT1 is always relative to your present position. The boat always remains in the center of the screen and the bearing and range are always from your present position to the next waypoint identified in RTE1.

  • Page 85: Customizing The Display

    Operation & Installation Manual Plot number. So you go into the PLOT1 screen, locate WPT 35 with the magnifying glass and press the GOTO function key. At this point, the active route (RTE1) is modified by placing a new waypoint, your present position (i.e.

  • Page 86: Operation & Installation Manual

    Plot Operation & Installation Manual Ø Show All Waypoints - Yes is the default condition, which displays all waypoints, where the first character of the description is a sym- bol, in its proper location relative to the boat’s position. No causes none of the waypoints to be displayed.
  • Page 87 Operation & Installation Manual Plot Ø Automatic Zoom - No is the default condition, which causes the displayed scale to be controlled by you. Yes causes the boat icon to be placed along one edge of the screen and the next waypoint flag to be placed along the opposite edge of the screen.

  • Page 88: Plot 2 - Relative To Marker

    Plot Operation & Installation Manual Selecting Record Track allows you to define how your course is saved. Choosing not to save your track may free the processor up to run other functions a little bit faster; however, you are not likely to notice any difference in performance unless the four data ports are near their full throughput capacity.

  • Page 89: Plot Screen Use Examples

    Operation & Installation Manual Plot If you want to relocate the marker, press E to enter the edit mode, then press the Move Marker softkey. You can move the marker by: defining a coordinate (see the flashing cursor over the coordinates in the upper left window), moving the magnifying glass using the cursor keys and pressing the To softkey, or by pressing the To o...

  • Page 90: Grid Search

    Plot Operation & Installation Manual By doing this and putting the coordinate you want to maintain in the RTE1 screen, you will always get the bearing and distance to the waypoint in the PLOT1 and NAV screens, regardless of your angle of approach.

  • Page 91: Man Over Board

    Operation & Installation Manual Man Over Board Man Over Board The Man Over Board function key is located at the bottom right hand corner of the CDU. When depressed for a few seconds, it activates a number of automatic functions described below. You can also active it by pressing E and selecting the Activate MOB softkey.
  • Page 92 Man Over Board Operation & Installation Manual NMEA 0183 sentences (i.e. BWC and BWR) and the printer output are changed to reflect the current crisis situation by also indicating the bearing and range back to the MOB position (until the MOB is can- celed).
  • Page 93 Operation & Installation Manual Man Over Board Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:31 AM...

  • Page 94: Tide

    Tide Operation & Installation Manual Tide There are two TIDE screens. The TIDE1 screen displays graphic and digital information about the tide conditions at your present position. This is based on tide table constants that you must enter in the TIDE2 screen, then access through the TIDE1 screen.

  • Page 95: Tide2 - Tide Table Port List

    Operation & Installation Manual Tide trol softkeys, or until you press the Marker to Now softkey - which returns the marker to automatic mode (indicated by the clock marker). The tide measurement units can be displayed in meters, feet, or fath- oms.
  • Page 96 Tide Operation & Installation Manual Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 3 6322-01A.600 The display provides the required tide table document name and sec- tion (Admiralty Tide Tables, Part III) under the Help softkey when in the edit mode as an added aid to help you identify the proper reference material.

  • Page 97: Adding A Port

    Operation & Installation Manual Tide Adding a Port To add a port to the list, first locate it in Part III of the tide table book, then align the cursor with Add port to the Port List and press E. The Zone in the upper left corner refers to the time zone offset to UTC.

  • Page 98: Auxiliary

    Auxiliary Operation & Installation Manual Auxiliary There are seven Auxiliary screens described in this section: AUX1 - Alarm Log AUX2 - Speed Graph AUX3 - Not Used AUX4 - Sun Almanac AUX5 - Moon Phases AUX6 - Batteries AUX7 - Unit Information AUX1 - Alarm Log All alarms are registered in this screen, whether or not they have been corrected, until the log is erased or the log is full.

  • Page 99: Aux2 - Speed Graph

    Operation & Installation Manual Auxiliary AUX2 - Speed Graph The graph scales automatically to the speed you are at. You can zoom out to the last 56 minutes or in to the last 3.5 minutes. It is a handy tool if you are trying to maintain a certain speed.

  • Page 100: Aux5 - Moon Phases

    Auxiliary Operation & Installation Manual AUX5 - Moon Phases There are no edit functions available here. Moon phases are given in approximately one week increments and include all dates for new, half, and full moon. You change the year displayed by pressing the up or down cursor keys.

  • Page 101: Aux7 -Unit Information

    Operation & Installation Manual Auxiliary AUX7 -Unit Information This screen indicates the specific CDU model, software version num- ber, the hardware configuration, and the printed circuit board (PCB) serial number of your CDU. If you are having problems with your CDU, refer to this screen for information to provide to customer ser- vice personnel.

  • Page 102: Position

    Position Operation & Installation Manual Position There are three POS screens in the CDU. The POS functions are highly interactive with a number of CFG1 menu selections. The following CFG1 menus directly impact the POS functions: Ø COG SOG - sets the filtering time for the displayed values. Ø...

  • Page 103: Loran-C

    Operation & Installation Manual Position Loran-C The POS1 screen expands to accommodate up to four (4) TD’s in areas where a fourth TD might be available. When using the UTM reference system in the polar regions of the Earth, the CDU displays position using the UPS coordinate system instead of invalid UTM coordinates.

  • Page 104: Pos2 - Position, Altitude, Magnetic Variation, & Time

    Position Operation & Installation Manual POS2 - Position, Altitude, Magnetic Variation, & Time This screen is divided into three windows. The upper left window provides your position coordinates, the antenna altitude (above Mean Sea Level - MSL), altitude mode (2D or 3D), the magnetic variation (Variation) for your present position, and the present datum in use for calculating your position.
  • Page 105 Operation & Installation Manual Position The lower left window is also the same as POS2 and displays your course and speed over ground. If the degree symbol has a small c under it, this indicates that the magnetic variation and compass devia- tion table are being calculated and displayed.

  • Page 106: Gps

    Operation & Installation Manual Three screens are available under the GPS function key. The GPS/ DGPS functions are highly interactive with these CFG1 menu selec- tions: Ø GPS - sets the lowest elevation at which a satellite will be tracked. Ø...

  • Page 107: Gps6 - Dgps Status

    Operation & Installation Manual GPS6 - DGPS STATUS There are three windows in this display, the two left hand windows are divided into control and configuration windows. The right hand win- dow displays all the corrections that are being received. Status will tell you whether the correction data is being decoded is error free or not.
  • Page 108 Operation & Installation Manual Use the cursor key to move down the screen again and program the frequency you desire. The receiver will automatically update the Sta- tion ID. If the beacon station is transmitting its location, the receiver will calculate the distance between the reference station and the re- ceiver.

  • Page 109: Gps7 - Dgps Messages

    Operation & Installation Manual GPS7 - DGPS Messages This screen will display the RTCM Type 16 messages received from the beacon station being used. These messages may contain information regarding operational problems and status or any scheduled equipment maintenance of beacon stations operating within the general area.

  • Page 110: Configuration

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Configuration There is one CFG screen in the receiver during normal operation. Additional configuration screens can be activated for special purposes, as described in the Engineering Mode section for example. The CFG screen includes setup and control of all of the receiver’s primary func- tions.

  • Page 111: Anchor - Anchor Watch Alarm

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Anchor - Anchor Watch Alarm This screen allows you to setup an anchor watch alarm and maximum drift radius after you the drop anchor. The receiver will remember the drop coordinates and provide an alarm if the antenna drifts beyond the maximum distance you entered.

  • Page 112: Compass - External Compass Input & Magnetic Variationtable

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Compass - External Compass Input & Magnetic Variation Table The receiver will accept a magnetic compass input using the NMEA 0183 data record of xxHDT, xxHDG, xxHDM, xxHCC, xxHCD, xxVHW, or any of the above. “xx” refers to the Talker Identifier as specified in the NMEA 0183 standard.

  • Page 113: Datum - Current Position Calculation

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Gyro: Set the constant Gyro Heading Offset (or bias) if any. Specify the input NMEA 0183 record for the Input Sentence. HDT, HDG, HDM, HCC, HCD, VHW, or Any. Datum - Current Position Calculation This screen controls which datum the receiver uses to display any po- sition.

  • Page 114: Depth - Nmea Input Control

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Depth - NMEA Input Control This screen allows you to configure the depth unit (meters, feet, or fathoms) for the NAV 4 and TIDE 1 screens . Depth information is accepted by the receiver from the NMEA 0183 data sentence DBK, DBS, DBT, or DPT on any input NMEA port.

  • Page 115: Dgps - Dgps Configuration

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Alarm Limit - allows you to specify at what depth you want an alarm to activate. This alarm limit is enabled by the Shallow Alarm Active selection of Yes. Alarm If No Data - Allows you to receive an audible and visual alarm if NMEA 0183 data is not being received on the data port at regu- lar intervals (typically every few seconds).
  • Page 116 Configuration Operation & Installation Manual When you drop to GPS mode, a DGPS symbol will be dis- played (indicating Non Differential GPS mode), and the traf- fic light will change to Yellow/Green. Use this mode when maximum navigation coverage is more important than accuracy.

  • Page 117: Dr - Dead Reckoning

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration receiver drops out of DGPS mode and into the mode selected in DGPS Mode described earlier in this section at the same time the alarm sounds. Alarm on health change - Sets the alarm to On or Off if the a satellite becomes unhealthy or unusable.

  • Page 118: Gps - Elevation Mask Control

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual MK12 Dual Control Menu GPS - Elevation Mask Control This screen controls the elevation mask angle, or the angle above the horizon, at which the receiver will attempt to track a satellite. Satel- lites with an elevation below this angle will be tracked but will not be included in the position solution.

  • Page 119: Language - Language Configuration

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration tion for 15 minutes before attempting other constellation possibilities. We assume the receiver will be turned on and off in the same general area each time, and we provide the unit every opportunity to try and track satellites at the last known coordinates.

  • Page 120: Lighting - Display/Keyboard Light & Contrast Control

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Lighting - Display/Keyboard Light & Contrast Control There are two basic display setups. The light function key allows you to instantly switch between two predefined screens (Daylight & Nightlight). Log - Speed Log Input (Pulse or NMEA 0183) This screen controls the input port (NMEA-0183 or Pulse) and format of the speed log input to the receiver.

  • Page 121: Log Pulses - Gps Sog Log Pulse Output

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration selected (the default condition). To disable the alarm, select No with the Change softkey. Correction Factor - Allows you to make minor adjustments to ob- served or measured errors in your speed through water calcu- lation.

  • Page 122: Mx480 - Mx480 Pc Chart Interface Control

    MX480 - MX480 PC Chart Interface Control The MK12 CDU can be interfaced with the previous Leica MX480 personal computer based electronic charting software. When the MX480 mode is enabled, the chart program assumes the following functions of the receiver: Active Route Creation, Waypoint Library, and Tides.

  • Page 123: Navigation - Navigation Method & Waypoint Pass Criterion Control

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Navigation - Navigation Method & Waypoint Pass Criterion Control This screen sets the navigation mode to Rhumb Line or Great Circle, Cross-track Error limits and alarms, Waypoint Pass Criterion, and Waypoint Approach alarms. These settings have a direct affect on your route calculation and how data is displayed in the NAV and PLOT screens.
  • Page 124 Configuration Operation & Installation Manual XTE Limit: Sets the distance left or right from the course line you consider to be the maximum allowable off-track error (known as cross-track error, “XTE”). The PLOT screens will display the scaled cross- track error distance. The NAV screens will indicate the cross-track error in numerical format and present the cross-track error graphi- cally scaled left or right of the course line.
  • Page 125 Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Distance: Passing the waypoint is determined by reaching an imaginary circle around the waypoint, the radius of which you can define in WPT Pass Distance. The default value is 0.10 Nm. If you set this distance to 0.00, you will never pass the waypoint. This is a great way to perform station keeping maneuvering.

  • Page 126: Nmea Out 1 & 2 - Nmea 0183 Output Data Control

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual to a new leg in your route (manually or automatically passing a waypoint) when Yes is selected. It also causes the NMEA data records of APA, APB, and XTE to change their reported status of Valid to Invalid when you reach the waypoint of the current leg.
  • Page 127 Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Scroll down the list using the cursor key until you identify a NMEA 0183 records that you need. Use the Change softkey or right arrow key on the cursor to select On. Press the Details softkey to view the characteristics for the NMEA record you select.
  • Page 128 Configuration Operation & Installation Manual record is output in the local datum selected in CFG Position; except GGA, which provides a selection in the Details screen to output in either WGS-84 or the datum selected in CFG Position. Most: NMEA Version - Some of the NMEA 0183 records are no longer supported by version 2.1.
  • Page 129 Operation & Installation Manual Configuration xxx loads the port by - The NMEA 0183 standard limits the port baud rate to 4800 bits per second. It is impossible to turn on every NMEA 0183 data record on one port in the receiver at a once per second output rate, due to the NMEA standard limi- tation.
  • Page 130 Chart Plotters. How- ever, Leica realizes that with 2000 waypoints, you have spent a lot of time preparing your library of waypoints with defini- tions and symbols.

  • Page 131: Other Special Cases Affecting Nmea 0183 Records

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Other Special Cases Affecting NMEA 0183 Records: BWC, BWR, APA, APB, RMB, RMC, and Man Over Board (MOB): During the period when the Man Over Board function is activated, NMEA 0183 records which contain bearing and range data, such as those identified above (but not limited to these), will reflect the bearing and range back to the MOB position until the MOB func- tion is canceled.

  • Page 132: Operation - General Setup And Control Settings

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Operation - General Setup and Control Settings This screen controls a few basic operating settings: Remember Display: When set to Yes (default), the receiver remem- bers the Page Number or screen you viewed the last time you used a particular function.

  • Page 133: Organizer - Automated Message Reminders

    Traffic Lights will be illuminated, and a D symbol is displayed in the upper left corner of every display. Generally speaking, this feature is used by Leica and your dealer for show room or trade show demonstrations. However, you can use it as a train- ing tool until you become familiar with the receiver.

  • Page 134: Position - Positioning Reference, Mode, & Alarm Control

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual offers an External Alarm controls software option. Check with your dealer or Leica for details on this software package. The setup is straight forward. Use the Change softkey to increment forward through the available choices. Use the Go Back softkey to increment backward through the available choices.
  • Page 135 Operation & Installation Manual Configuration metric relationship to your actual position. The HDOP and VDOP values described in the GPS section of this manual will give you a good clue as to the satellite geometry. Auto 2D/3D is the default setting. 3D Only: This selection causes the receiver to provide a position fix only when the HDOP and VDOP values or the number of satellites allows a 3 dimensional position to be calculated.
  • Page 136 Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Alarm For High HDOP: This allows the receiver to create an alarm for HDOP values which rise above a number that you determine. This indicates that posi- tion accuracy is becoming bad, due to poor satellite geometry rela- tive to your position and/or the number of satellites currently un- der track.

  • Page 137: Security

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Security The Security screen allows you to lock out the edit function in order to keep crew members or visitors from changing settings that you have made. Once this feature is enabled, a press of the E key will require the correct password to gain access.

  • Page 138: Set & Drift

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Set & Drift Set & Drift is obtained one of two ways: GPS Positioning: Set & Drift is calculated using GPS position, course and speed over ground, with compass and speed log inputs to de- termine the speed and direction of the water (Set &...

  • Page 139: Time - Mode And Format Control

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Time - Mode and Format Control This menu item sets the method in which time is displayed on the receiver. Time System: Sets the time to UTC (default) or Local. When Local is selected, several parameters associated with local time are dis- played.

  • Page 140: Wind

    Configuration Operation & Installation Manual Wind The receiver will display wind information in the NAV4 screen when connected to a NMEA 0183 sensor which can provide the MWV or VWR sentence. Data Input Port: 1 (default) or 2 for MK12/2 1 (default) or 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 for MK12/8 Ports 3 &...

  • Page 141: Wpt & Rte Input - Uploading Waypoints Into The Receiver

    Operation & Installation Manual Configuration Wpt & Rte Input - Uploading Waypoints into the Receiver This screen enables the input data port to receive waypoints and routes from a chart plotter, PC, or other device to the receiver. You can re- ceive this data through any of the 4 NMEA 0183 input data ports.

  • Page 142: Appendix A - Datum List

    Datum List Operation & Installation Manual Appendix A - Datum List The receiver supports more than 100 datums. Table A-1 provides the names and abbreviations for these datums. Table A-1. Datum Names and Abbreviations WGS-84 HJORSEY 1955 WGS-84 + OFFSET HONG KONG 1963 WGS-72 INDIAN (VIETNAM)

  • Page 143: Appendix B - Beacon List

    You can usually find more informa- tion regarding available beacon stations from the maritime authority in the country you are in. Leica assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of the information which follows; it is only provided as a matter of convenience.
  • Page 144 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual CAP. DES ROSIERS REF2: 315 REF2: 331 LAUZON RIVIERE DU LOUP 48º51’ N.64º12’W. TBA kHz 46º48’ N. 71º09’W. 47º45’ N. 69º36’W. 100 baud 314.0 kHz TBA kHz ID:924 100 baud 100 baud REF1: 322 ID:927 ID:926...
  • Page 145 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix B - Beacon List WESTERN HEAD POINT ATKINSON CHINA 43º59’ N.64º39’W. 49º19’ N.123º15’W. BEI TANG 296.0 kHz, 100 baud 320.0 kHz 39º06’ N.117º43’E. ID:935 100 baud 310.5 kHz REF1: 334 ID:902 200 baud REF2: 335 REF1: 302 ID: BT CAPE RACE...
  • Page 146 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual SHANGHAI REF 1: 100 Baud REF 2: xxºxx’ N.xx ºxx’E REF1: XXX.X kHz FINLAND REF2: 100 baud PORKKALA GATTEVILLE REF1: 59º58’N.24º23’E 49º42,N. 01º16’W. REF2: 285.0 kHz 297.5 kHz 16 Stations Planned 100 baud 100 Baud DENMARK...
  • Page 147 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix B - Beacon List SKAGATA TORY ISLAND 294.5 kHz 100 Baud 66º07,N. 20º06’W.. 55º16,N. 08º15’E. 304.5 kHz 313.5. kHz REF1: 100 baud 100 baud REF2: ID:413 ID:435 GERMANY REF1: REF1: 670 REF2: REF2: WUSTROW RAUFARHÜFN JAPAN 54º20,N.
  • Page 148 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual Planned: VENTSPILS REF1: REF1: REF2: REF2: 57º22,N. 21º31’E. 42º58’ N.144º23’E. 34º53’ N.132º02’E. 308.5. kHz 288.0 kHz 305.0 kHz 100 baud 100/200 baud 100/200 baud REF1: REF1: REF1: REF2: REF2: REF2: NETHERLANDS 41º25’...
  • Page 149 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix B - Beacon List SKLINNA REF1: 785 100 baud REF2: ID: 523 65º12,N.10º59’E. UTVAER REF1: 288.5 kHz REF2: 100 baud 61º02,N. 04º30’E. ID: 511 POLAND 300.0. kHz, REF1: 100 baud DZIWNOW REF2: ID: 507 TORSVAAG 54º01,N.14º44’E.
  • Page 150 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual ID: 464 50º34’ N. 01º18’ W. REF1: REF1: 293.5 kHz REF2: REF2: 100 baud MEDITERRANEAN HOBURG ID: 440 REF1: 680 CABO GATA 56º55’N. 18º09’E. REF2: 302.0 kHz 36º43’N. 02º11’W. LIZARD 100 baud 298.5 kHz ID: 465 49º57’...
  • Page 151 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix B - Beacon List GIRDLE NESS 100 baud 300 KHz ID: 838 100 baud 57º08’ N. 02º03’ W. REF 1: 296 ID: 813 311.5 kHz REF 2: 297 REF 1: 026 100 baud Message: TYPE-9 REF 2: 027 ID: 446 GUSTAVUS, AK...
  • Page 152 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual REF 2: 269 REF 1: 020 325 KHz Message: TYPE-9 REF 2: 021 200 baud POINT LOMA, CA Message: TYPE-9 ID: 802 KOKOLE PT, HI REF 1: 004 32°40’N.117°15’ W REF 2: 005 302 KHz 21°59’N.159°45’W Message: TYPE-9...
  • Page 153 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix B - Beacon List REF 2: 111 REF 2: 151 ID: 803 Message: TYPE-9 Message: TYPE-9 REF 1: 006 SAGINAW BAY, MI FT MACON, NC REF 2: 007 Message: TYPE-9 43°38’N.083°50’ W 34° 42’ N 76° 41’ W YOUNGSTON, NY 301 KHz 294 KHz...
  • Page 154 Appendix B - Beacon List Operation & Installation Manual ID: 808 REF 1: 016 REF 2: 017 Message: TYPE-9 MEMPHIS, TN 35°28’N.090°12’ W 310 KHz 200 baud Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:07 AM...

  • Page 155: Appendix C- Engineering Mode

    In general, these screens are used by the technician during trouble- shooting or by Leica engineers during testing and software debug- ging. This section describes what information is relevant to you, or the information we need to help you troubleshoot your CDU.
  • Page 156 Appendix C - Engineering Mode Operation & Installation Manual The CDU will go on to conduct a Contrast test. Observe that the dis- play goes through its full range of contrast from white to black. Press OK if it varies correctly or Fail if it doesn’t. Next, the CDU will con- duct a Backlight test.

  • Page 157: Cdu Cold Start - Clearing Memory To Factory Default

    A cold start sets the CDU back to factory de- fault settings. Otherwise, record the failure(s) and contact your dealer or Leica to arrange for service or repairs. It is possible, but unlikely, that a cold start will correct other failures noted during the selftest. Leica will need the CDU serial number (from the rear panel) and the Software Version number to help you further.

  • Page 158: Gps - Gps Cdu Troubleshooting

    This will result in either a slow deterioration of memory retention or it may abruptly dump all its memory. Leica recommends the battery be changed every 2 to 3 years of opera- tion by an authorized technical dealer. Marine electronics dealers or radio shops will typically stock the replacement battery, Lithium type CR2032, 3V.

  • Page 159: Gps4 - Gps Position Uncertainty

    Operation & Installation Manual Appendix C - Engineering Mode GPS4 - GPS Position Uncertainty This screen presents a bar graph representing the HDOP for the past 23 hours. If you are trying to do precision work or navigation in the same general area (within 100 miles) as the day before, you can look at this screen to see when the best HDOP periods are.
  • Page 160 Appendix C - Engineering Mode Operation & Installation Manual Columns 1 & 5: represents the PRN number assigned to a specific receiver channel; a PRN number of 0 indicates there are no satellites available to track on that channel. Columns 2 & 6: represents the current receiver channel status: -1 or 1: the receiver channel is unlocked and searching for a satellite.
  • Page 161 Oscillator: represents the current oscillator offset value. This value is present for Leica engineering use only. It has a wide range of varia- tion possibilities. Refer to the GPS8 - Oscillator Offset Tempera- ture Curve Fit section in this manual.

  • Page 162: Appendix D - Dual Control Head Mode

    Appendix D - Dual Control Head Mode The Dual Control mode, which is enabled in the CFG Dual Contr. screen, allows you to connect two apMK12 CDUs in a Master/Slave configuration where a common data base is shared between the two CDU control heads.
  • Page 163 Operation & Installation Manual Appendix D - Dual Control Head Mode Table D-1. Master/Slave Common Database Data Base Comments Present Position Update once per second Time Update once per second. Displayed in the same mode on both units. Date Routes Only one unit can make changes at any given time.
  • Page 164 Appendix D - Dual Control Head Mode Operation & Installation Manual Turning Master and Slave Units Off Before turning the power off to either the master or slave unit, make sure you go to the CFG1 screen and disable the dual control function. If the master unit is turned off while in dual control mode, the slave unit will not be connected to the antenna nor display a position.

  • Page 165: Appendix E - Demonstration Mode

    Yes, all three Traffic Lights will be illuminated, and a D symbol is displayed in the upper left corner of every display. Generally speak- ing, this feature is used by Leica and your dealer for show room or trade show demonstrations. However, you can use it as a training tool until you become familiar with the CDU.
  • Page 166 Appendix E - Demonstration Mode Operation & Installation Manual Before you adjust your position, set your WPT Pass Criterion to Dis- tance in the CFG1 Navigation screen. To adjust your position, pick a point near your first waypoint. A distance of 1 or 2 miles from the first waypoint is good to start with.

  • Page 167: Appendix F - Installation Section

    MX421-10B smart DGPS Antenna unit P/N 726232). GENERAL The apMK12 Control and Display Unit (CDU) is splashproof and can be in- stalled both above and below deck. To ensure that the back of the display unit remains splashproof, protection covers must be used around the connectors.

  • Page 168: External Power

    Installation Manual External Power The apMK12 operates on 12 ~ 32 VDC supply. It can tolerate voltages no lower than 10 volts and no higher than 35 volts. It draws about 1 ampere at 12 VDC (with the MX421/B antenna connected). Power wire colors are: •...

  • Page 169: Antenna Installation

    Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section 18-Pin (Female) Connector Cable A SHIELD Main Pwr. Input [PWR In +12~32 Vdc] Switched 12 VDC RED/WHT [+12 V Out to Ant.] [NMEA1 In (A)] BRN/WHT [NMEA1 In (B)] Port 1 PRPL [NMEA1 Out (A)] PRPL/WHT [NMEA1 Out (B)] ORG [NMEA3 / GPS In (A) from Ant.] Antenna...

  • Page 170: Antenna Options

    The antenna model is indicated on the serial number tag on the under- side of the antenna. The drive voltage to the antenna is 12 VDC +10%, and normally provided by the apMK12. Refer to Figures 4 and 5 for the MX421 antenna wiring diagrams.
  • Page 171 Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section Black (GND) Purple/Gray (1PPS -) Red (+12 VDC in) Purple (1PPS +) Blue (LPM In -) *White (Ext. Beacon Corr +) *Yellow (Ext. Beacon Corr -) Brown (LPM In +) Green (GPS Out+) Orange(GPS Out-) Mx421-10 (10 Pin Conn.) MX421-10 (GPS Only)
  • Page 172 Appendix F - Installation Section Installation Manual Black(GND) Purple/Gray (1PPS -) Red (+12 VDC in) Purple (1PPS +) Blue (LPM In -) White (Int. Beacon Status Out+) Yellow (Int. Beacon Status Out-) Brown (LPM In +) Green (GPS Out+) Orange(GPS Out-) Mx421B-10 (10 Pin Conn.) MX421B-10 (DGPS) Mk12...

  • Page 173: Navigator Installation

    Frame mount Each of these techniques are described below. All the hardware neces- sary to complete the Flush and Gimbal mount is provided with the apMK12. You will need rear panel access to complete these types of mounts. The Frame mount is an option for applications where front panel removal is not desired or rear panel access is not available.

  • Page 174: Flush Mounting

    Appendix F - Installation Section Installation Manual Flush Mounting Drilling and cutting instructions for flush mounting are given in Figure 4. The maximum bulkhead thickness which can be used in this configuration is 9 mm (7/ 16 in). Cut a notch deep enough to accommodate the flush mount bracket, Allen head bolt, and Allen screw driver for thicker bulkheads MK12 Flush Mount...
  • Page 175 Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section Flush Mount Frame If access to tighten the screws from the backside is impossible, an op- tional Flush Mounting Frame is available (P/ N 715707). First, mount the frame to the navigator. Next, attach all of the hardware interfaces to the appropriate port (i.

  • Page 176: Turning Power On And Off

    EQUIPMENT INTERFACING Introduction The apMK12 has two user data I/O ports which are NMEA 0183 protocol capable. Anyone of these ports can be used to communicate with other external equipment which utilize the NMEA 0183 standard. Ports 1 & 2 are configured for RS-422 standard.
  • Page 177 (15) Blu/wht Out (B) (17) Gry NMEA2 Tx (RS-232) 62 90-0 7A .400 (18) Blk/Wht Ext. Alarm (3) Blk (2) Red Terminal Strip (User Supplied) 12~32 VDC Supply Figure 6 - apMK12 GPS Navigator System Diagram Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:08 AM...
  • Page 178 Appendix F - Installation Section Installation Manual Figure 7 - apMK12/MX421 Wiring Diagram Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:08 AM...

  • Page 179: Speed Over Ground Pulse Output

    (Pulse) of the speed over ground log out- put from the apMK12 at a user determined pulse rate of 100 to 500 pulses per nautical mile (200 is the pre-selected value). The default condition of the Speed-Over-Ground output is not active.

  • Page 180: Port 2: Rs- 422 / Rs- 232 Serial Interface

    Appendix F - Installation Section Installation Manual the alarm is acknowledged in the unit. The external alarm is derived from the “ALARMout” port on pin 18 (Black/White - ALARMout). The software is set up in each of the appropriate CFG1 menu screens. Using an external relay connected to an external 12 VDC power supply will allow you to have a choice of a normally open or close isolated contacts.

  • Page 181: Nmea Interface

    RS-232 Figure 8 - Port 2: RS- 422 / RS- 232 Port Schematic NMEA Interface The apMK12 meets the NMEA 0183 version v1.5, v2.01 or v2.1 electri- cal standard for marine interface communications with other on-board electronic equipment, such as: Radars, Plotters, Autopilots, Fish Finders, etc.

  • Page 182: Mk12 Nmea 0183 Sentences

    Appendix F - Installation Section Installation Manual apMK12 NMEA 0183 Sentences The NMEA Standard provides for asynchronous transmission, with a single Talker and multiple Listeners per line. Typical use includes information transfer from electronic positioning and navigational devices to autopi- lots, plotters, terminals, printers, etc.
  • Page 183 Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION Recommended Minimum * APA Autopilot Sentence A Navigation Information Recommended Minimum Autopilot Sentence B Specific GPS/ Transit Data *Rnn Bearing Origin to Destination Routes Bearing & Distance to Waypoint - Great Routes Circle Bearing &...

  • Page 184: Input Nmea 0183 Sentences

    You can view data being sent to the APMK12 by other equipment or loop a APMK12 output port back to an unused input port to verify if it is output- ting data to other equipment. This is a great tool to use when you are first interfacing equipment.
  • Page 185 Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section Press E and change Engineering Display from No to Yes. Press E again to exit the edit mode. Press the left cursor key until the CFG3 Input Data screen is displayed. Press the up or down cursor key until the proper input port number is displayed.

  • Page 186: Dual Control (Remote) Interface

    The Dual Control mode, which is enabled in the CFG Dual Contr. screen, allows you to connect two apMK12s in a Master/Slave configuration where a common database is shared between two apMK12 control heads. This configuration also allows you to use one antenna connected to the Mas- ter unit, for both apMK12s.
  • Page 187 Installation Manual Appendix F - Installation Section listens for a configuration polling message from the slave. Once the mas- ter recognizes the slave’s polling message, the Common Data Base (see Table below) is downloaded from the master to the slave. This function also takes place each time the units are powered up.

  • Page 188: Troubleshooting Guide

    Please check your installation carefully before returning the apMK12 to the dealer or factory for service. A few troubleshooting tips follow. The apMK12 performs a variety of self tests during normal operation. If a function fails the self test, the navigator displays an Internal Error mes- sage every one minute.

  • Page 189: Memory Backup Battery

    Marine electronics dealers or a radio shops will typically stock the re- placement battery, Type CR2032, 3V Lithium battery. The battery is located on the apMK12 processor board. Leica recom- mends this service to be done by a qualified service technician.

  • Page 190: Appendix G - Technical Specifications

    Adjacent Channel Rejection: 40dB (500 Hz) Bit rate: 25, 50,100, or 200 (auto- sync) RTCM Messages Supported: Type 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9,16 apMK12 Control and Display Unit (CDU) Display: Part name: LMG7410PLFC (Hitachi) Dots: 240 by 128 Duty:...
  • Page 191 GPS L1 , 1575 MHz MX421B-10 DGPS Smart Antenna Unit Freq.: GPS L1 , 1575 MHz Beacon: 283.5 - 325 KHz Physical apMK12 CDU: Height: 145 mm (5.71in) Width: 271 mm (10.67in) Depth overall: 53 mm (2.52in) Depth flush mounted: 24.5 mm (0.98in) to wall...
  • Page 192 182 mm (7.28in) Cable Length: Supplied: 15 m. (Standard length) Options: 20 or 40 meters Environmental apMK12 CDU: -15 to +55 °C. IEC 60, clause Operating Temperature: 4.5.2 and 4.5.4 (draft 3 edition). -30 to +70 °C. IEC 945, clause Storage Temperature: 4.5.2 and 4.5.4 (draft 3...
  • Page 193 Operating Temperature: Humidity: MIL- STD- 810E, Method 507.3, Procedure I. 100% R. H. for 30 days at 24 °C. Power: apMK12 CDU: Type: DC/ DC switch mode with galvanic separation. Consumption: Less than 11W (display back light on). Typical 8W at 24 volt external supply voltage.
  • Page 194 Appendix G - Technical Specifications Installation Manual apMK12 CDU Inputs and Outputs: NMEA talker (all outputs): Meets NMEA 0183 version 2.1. Levels: Maximum ±6 volt, minimum ±2 volt, A out relative to B out. Current: Minimum 15mA. Protection: -1 volt to +6 volt, output relative to shield, ±50 volt, output relative to...
  • Page 195 Installation Manual Appendix G - Technical Specifications Version 1.5 8/13/01, 11:08 AM...

  • Page 196: Glossary

    Appendix G - Technical Specifications Installation Manual Glossary ALARM Message by which the navigator signals the occurrence of an event. The alarm is indicated by an audible tone and/or a message (or icon) on the display. ALMANAC Library of coarse satellite orbital characteristics used to calculate satellite rise times, set times, angles of elevation, etc.
  • Page 197 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary Transmission rate unit of measurement for binary coded data (bit per second). BEARING The direction of one terrestrial point from another, expressed as angular distance from North, clockwise through 360°. Short form of Binary Digit. The smallest element of data in a bi- nary-coded value.
  • Page 198 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual COEFFICIENT OF EARTH FLATTENING The value F that quantitatively describes by how much the earth’s ellipsoid semimajor axis (A) is shorter than the semiminor axis (B). F = (A-B)/A. See COURSE OVER GROUND COMPASS BIAS Angle of misalignment between the steering compass and the keel line of the vessel or long axis of the vehicle.
  • Page 199 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary CURSOR A flashing rectangle superimposed on a character position in the display window, indicating that a character may be entered in that position, or that the existing character may be changed via the key- board. DATUM The framework on which the coordinates used to define position on the Earth’s surface are based.
  • Page 200 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual DILUTION OF PRECISION (DOP) A figure of merit for the quality of GPS-derived position and clock bias estimates, based on the geometry of the selected satellite con- stellation. The smaller the DOP, the less the magnification of the range measurement error into position and clock bias errors.
  • Page 201 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary EPHEMERIDES (Singular: EPHEMERIS) Tabulations of accurate data describing celestial position and health of the satellites over a 24-hour period. The data is up-loaded to the satellites every 12 hours. Estimated Time of Arrival. Calculated on basis of the distance to the destination and the current (or estimated) speed.
  • Page 202 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual on the Earth’s surface. GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES Angular displacements along parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude on an ellipsoidal surface. Ellipsoidal coordinates. GEOID The Earth’s surface with all topographical undulations removed (equipotential surface) so that all points on the surface approxi- mate mean sea level.
  • Page 203 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary GREAT CIRCLE NAVIGATION Navigation based on a Great Circle calculation. The advantage of Great Circle navigation is that it brings you the shortest way through the active route. The disadvantage is that a Great Circle track may differ from the straight rhumb line that is easily drawn on a Mercator projected chart.
  • Page 204 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual navigator processor. IONOSPHERE A layer of ionized air about 80 kilometers (50 miles) above the earth’s surface. IONOSPHERIC INTERFERENCE Distortion imparted to a broadcast radio signal as it passes through the ionosphere. KALMAN FILTER A software routine that produces the navigation solution (see NAVI- GATION SOLUTION).
  • Page 205 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary The error introduced into the steering compass reading by nearby ferrous metal mass distorting the earth magnetic flux field surround- ing the compass. MAGNETIC HEADING Direction, as sensed by the steering compass, in relation to mag- netic north.
  • Page 206 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual The mathematical derivation of navigation components (for ex- ample, speed, heading, set, drift) from a series of satellite position updates plotted over time. NMEA National Marine Electronics Association. The NMEA electronics interface specifications have been developed under the auspices of the Association.
  • Page 207 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary PLANE PROJECTION The technique of converting the curved surface of the Earth to a flat surface to represent a map. POSITION UPDATE The redefining of position by analysis of satellite orbital data as referenced to time. See PSEUDO-RANDOM NUMBER.
  • Page 208 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual tation. REFERENCE GPS MONITOR A GPS CDU whose precise (surveyed) position is known. It com- pares its own GPS position solution to the surveyed position and generates correction values as a function of the position coordinate differentials.
  • Page 209 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary See SELECTIVE AVAILABILITY SATELLITE HEALTH Go or no-go message for each satellite included in the almanac data. The message states whether or not the measurements from those particular satellites can be relied upon for accurate results. SATELLITE SIGNAL Transmitted electromagnetic energy from a GPS satellite whose time of arrival is measured by the navigator to calculate the posi-...
  • Page 210 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual functions (computations) of the navigator. See SPEED OVER GROUND SPACE SEGMENT The orbiting satellite part of the Global Positioning System. SPEED OVER GROUND Speed in relation to the sea bed. SPHEROID See ELLIPSOID. STEERING COMPASS The compass used for navigation.
  • Page 211 TRANSDUCER A device that transfers power from one system to another in the same or in different form. See also SENSOR. TRIP LOG In the navigator, an easily resetable sum log that accumulates the distance sailed over ground based on the GPS signals. See also GPS LOG.
  • Page 212 Glossary Operation & Installation Manual Greenwich mean time corrected for polar motion of theEarth and seasonal variation in the Earth’s rotation. UPDATE See POSITION UPDATE. See UNIVERSAL TIME COORDINATED. See UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR. UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR Alternative grid system used in harbor areas and for land applica- tions instead of latitude and longitude.
  • Page 213 Operation & Installation Manual Glossary The speed the vessel is moving in the direction of the next waypoint. WCV should be used for optimization in cases where TWD is ex- pected to vary drastically before the waypoint is reached. See also VELOCITY MADE GOOD.
  • Page 214 We look for- ward to finding out how we can improve our information services. All of your comments and suggestions become the property of Leica. Please send them to: Leica Geosystems, Inc.
  • Page 215 APMK12 Operation & Installation Manual P/N 726226 Leica welcomes your evaluation of this manual. Please note errors, suggest ad- ditions, or make general comments below. Use extra pages if you like. All com- ments and suggestions become the property of Leica.
  • Page 216 Place Stamp Here Leica Geosystems, Inc. 23868 Hawthorne Blvd. Torrance, CA 90505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8/13/01, 11:08 AM...
  • Page 217 REQUEST FOR SERVICE Leica is represented by a worldwide network of service representa- tives who are available to service the complete range of Leica marine and survey products. Contact Leica for the location of your nearest authorized service representative.
  • Page 218 Leica Geosystems, Inc. 23868 Hawthorne Blvd. Torrance, CA 90505, U.S.A. Phone +1 310 791 5300 Fax +1 310 791 6108 www.leica-geosystems.com...

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