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Related Manuals for Kipp & Zonen CMA Series
Summary of Contents for Kipp & Zonen CMA Series
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Page 1: Instruction Manual
CMA series Albedometer CMP series Pyranometer Instruction Manual... -
Page 2: Important User Information
IMPORTANT USER INFORMATION Reading this entire manual is recommended for full understanding of the use of this product. Should you have any comments on this manual we will be pleased to receive them at: Kipp & Zonen B.V. Delftechpark 36, 2628 XH Delft, The Netherlands or P.O. -
Page 3: Declaration Of Conformity
Declaration of Conformity According to EC guideline 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Kipp & Zonen B.V. Delftechpark 36 2628 XH Delft The Netherlands Declare under our sole responsibility that the products Type: CMP 3 / CMP 6 / CMP 11 / CMP 21 / CMP 22 Name: Pyranometer Type:... -
Page 4: Table Of Contents
CMP/CMA series manual Table of Contents IMPORTANT USER INFORMATION ....................... 1 Declaration of Conformity ......................... 2 Table of Contents ............................. 3 Introduction ............................ 5 Installation and operation....................... 6 2.1. Delivery ............................6 2.2. Mechanical installation........................6 2.2.1. Installation for measurement of global radiation ................ 6 2.2.2. - Page 5 6.3. CMP 21 ............................24 6.4. CMP 22 ............................24 6.5. CMP / CMA series performance specifications ................25 6.6. CMP / CMA series general specifications ................... 26 Frequently asked questions......................27 Trouble shooting .......................... 28 Appendix I Radiometric terminology....................... 29 Appendix II 10k thermistor specifications ....................
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Page 6: Introduction
A CMP series pyranometer or CMA series albedometer is a high quality radiometer designed for measuring short-wave irradiance on a plane surface (radiant flux, W/m ) which results from the sum of direct solar radiation and the diffuse radiation incident from the hemisphere above the instrument. -
Page 7: Installation And Operation
CMP/CMA series manual 2. Installation and operation 2.1. Delivery Check the contents of the shipment for completeness (see below) and note whether any damage has occurred during transport. If there is damage, a claim should be filed with the carrier immediately. In this case, or if the contents are incomplete, your dealer should be notified in order to facilitate the repair or replacement of the instrument. - Page 8 CMP/CMA series manual This is important for an accurate measurement of the direct solar radiation. The diffuse solar radiation is less influenced by obstructions near the horizon. For instance, an obstruction with an elevation of 5 over the whole azimuth range of 360 decreases the downward diffuse solar radiation by only 0.8%.
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Page 9: Installation For Measurement Of Radiation On Inclined Surfaces
CMP/CMA series manual 5. Level pyranometer Accurate measurement of the global radiation requires proper levelling of the thermopile surface. Level the instrument by turning the two levelling screws to bring the bubble of the spirit level centrally within the marked ring. For easy levelling, first use the screw nearest to the spirit level. When the pyranometer is placed horizontally using the bubble level, or when it is mounted with its base directly on a horizontal plane, the thermopile is horizontal within 0.1... -
Page 10: Installation For Measurement Of Diffuse Radiation
Figure 4. According to the WMO the height should be 1 m to 2 m above a uniform surface covered by short grass. Installation of the CMA series differs slightly because there are no levelling screws. The integrated mounting rod is fixed to the mast. -
Page 11: Electrical Installation
The AMPBOX can be factory adjusted to suit the sensitivity of an individual radiometer to produce a defined range, typically 4 – 20 mA represents 0 – 1600 W/m . The CMA series have two independent signal outputs, so two AMPBOX amplifiers are required. Page 10... -
Page 12: Operation
CMP/CMA series manual 2.4. Operation After completing the installation the radiometer will be ready for operation. The irradiance value (E ) can be simply calculated by dividing the output signal (U ) of the ↓Solar pyranometer by its sensitivity (S ) as shown in Formula 1. - Page 13 CMP/CMA series manual The temperature dependence of the sensitivity is a function of the individual CMP 22. For a given CMP 22 the response lies in the region between the curved lines in Figure 6. The temperature dependence of each CMP 21 and CMP 22 pyranometer is characterised and supplied with the instrument.
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Page 14: Maintenance
CMP/CMA series manual 2.6. Maintenance Once installed the radiometer needs little maintenance. The outer dome(s) must be cleaned and inspected regularly, ideally every morning. On clear windless nights the outer dome temperature of horizontally placed radiometers will decrease, even to the dew point temperature of the air, due to infrared radiation exchange with the cold sky. -
Page 15: Principle Components Of Pyranometers
CMP/CMA series manual 3. Principle components of pyranometers The detector of the Kipp & Zonen CMP/CMA series pyranometer is based on a passive thermal sensing element called a thermopile. Although the detector construction differs from model to model, the fundamental working principle is applicable to all CMP/CMA series radiometers. -
Page 16: Detector
Replacement desiccant is available through Kipp & Zonen distributors. 3.5. Cable and connector For ease of installation and replacement during recalibration of the radiometer, the CMP/CMA series are provided with a weather proof signal cable connector. Kipp & Zonen radiometers use a custom-made cable that is selected as a low noise type particularly suited to handle the low voltage output of the thermopile or of a temperature sensor. -
Page 17: Pyranometer Physical Properties
Due to the excellent physical properties of the glass dome and black absorber paint, Kipp & Zonen CMP/CMA series radiometers are equally sensitive in a wide spectral range. 97-98% of the total energy will be absorbed by the thermal detector. The CMP 22 pyranometer has a wider spectral range due to the quartz domes used in its construction. -
Page 18: Non-Linearity
The temperature dependence is given as percent deviation with respect to the calibrated sensitivity at +20°C. Some of the CMP/CMA series radiometer models have passive electrical compensation circuits to minimise this effect. Each CMP 21 and CMP 22 pyranometer is supplied with an individual test certificate stating the temperature dependency in the range from -20°C to +50°C, at 10°C intervals. -
Page 19: Zero Offset B
CMP/CMA series manual 4.9. Zero offset B Proportionally to the ambient temperature the instrument temperature varies and causes heat currents inside the instrument. This will cause an offset commonly called Zero Offset type B. It is quantified as the response in W/m to a 5 K/hr change in ambient temperature. -
Page 20: Non-Stability
% of the mean value. 4.16. Environmental The CMP/CMA series are intended for outdoor use under all expected weather conditions. The radiometers comply with IP 67 and their solid mechanical construction is suitable to be used under all environmental conditions within the specified ranges. -
Page 21: Calibration
CMP/CMA series manual 5. Calibration 5.1. Calibration principle An ideal radiometer gives voltage output that is proportional to the absolute irradiance level. This relationship can be expressed as a constant ratio called ‘sensitivity’ (S ensitivity The sensitivity figure of a particular radiometer is unique. It is determined in the manufacturer's laboratory by comparison against a reference radiometer of similar type. -
Page 22: Calculation
CMP/CMA series manual 5.2.3. Calculation The sensitivity of the unknown pyranometer is calculated with formula 2: ⋅ Formula 2 = Sensitivity of the reference radiometer at +20 °C. = Output of test radiometer at position 1 A’ = Output of test radiometer at position 2 = Output of reference radiometer at position 2 B’... - Page 23 CMP/CMA series manual There are several procedures for transferring calibration from a narrow field of view instrument (pyrheliometer) to a wide field of view instrument (pyranometer). For example the direct component of the solar radiation is eliminated temporarily from the pyranometer by shading the whole outer dome of the instrument with a disk.
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Page 24: Cmp/Cma Models
A CMP/CMA radiometer includes an integrated bubble level, refillable drying cartridge, white snap-on sun shield, and a shielded signal output cable with connector. In addition, the CMA series albedometers also have an integrated conical lower glare shield to prevent illumination of the lower glass dome at sunrise and sunset. -
Page 25: Cmp 21
CMP/CMA series manual 6.3. CMP 21 CMP 21 is a high precision scientific pyranometer based upon the CMP 11 but with individual optimisation and characterisation and an integrated housing temperature sensor. CMP exceeds the ISO-9060 specification criteria for an ISO Secondary Standard pyranometer The special features of the CMP 21 are: •... -
Page 26: Cmp / Cma Series Performance Specifications
CMP/CMA series manual 6.5. CMP / CMA series performance specifications Specification Unit CMP 6/ CMA 6 CMP 11 / CMA 11 CMP 21 CMP 22 Definition Spectral range µm 310 - 2800 310 - 2800 310 - 2800 200 - 3600... -
Page 27: Cmp / Cma Series General Specifications
CMP/CMA series manual 6.6. CMP / CMA series general specifications Page 26... -
Page 28: Frequently Asked Questions
CMP/CMA series manual 7. Frequently asked questions The most frequently asked questions are listed below. For an update refer to the Kipp & Zonen website at www.kippzonen.com Negative output during night-time measurements? This error is related to Zero Offset type A. Normally this zero offset is present when the inner dome has a different temperature from the cold junctions of the sensor. -
Page 29: Trouble Shooting
CMP/CMA series manual 8. Trouble shooting The following contains a procedure for checking the instrument in case it appears that it does not function as it should. Trouble shooting: Output signal fails or shows improbable results: Check the wires are properly connected to the readout equipment. -
Page 30: Appendix I Radiometric Terminology
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix I Radiometric terminology Term Explanation Albedo The portion of incoming radiation which is reflected by a surface Azimuth angle Angle in horizontal direction (0-360°) Angle of incidence Incident angle from zenith (vertical) Cosine response Detector response according to the cosine law... -
Page 31: Appendix Ii 10K Thermistor Specifications
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix II 10k thermistor specifications YSI Thermistor 44031 - Resistance versus Temperature in °C YSI 44031 Temperature vs. Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance [ °C ] [ °F ] [ Ohm ] [ °C ] [ °F ]... -
Page 32: Appendix Iii Pt-100 Specifications
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix III Pt-100 specifications Pt-100 - Resistance versus Temperature in ºC and ºF Pt-100 Temperature vs. Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance [ °C ] [ °F ] [ Ohm ] [ °C ] [ °F ] [ Ohm ] [ °C ]... -
Page 33: Appendix Iv Classification According To Wmo Guide 1996
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix IV classification According to WMO Guide 1996 CMP 11 CMP 6 High Good Moderate Characteristics CMP 22 CMP 21 CMA 11 CMA 6 quality quality quality Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Second ISO 9060 classification First class... -
Page 34: Appendix V List Of World And Regional Radiation Centres
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix V List of World and Regional Radiation Centres World Radiation Centres Davos (Switzerland) St. Petersburg (Russia) (data centre only) Region I (Africa) - Cairo (Egypt) - Khartoum (Sudan) - Kinshasa (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) - Lagos (Nigeria) -
Page 35: Appendix Vi Recalibration Service
CMP/CMA series manual Appendix VI Recalibration service Pyranometers, Albedometers, Pyrgeometers, UV-Radiometers & Sunshine Duration Sensors Kipp & Zonen solar radiation measurement instruments comply with the most demanding international standards. In order to maintain the specified performance of these instruments, Kipp & Zonen recommends calibration of their instruments every two years. - Page 36 Our customer support remains at your disposal for any maintenance or repair, calibration, supplies and spares. Für Servicearbeiten und Kalibrierung, Verbrauchsmaterial und Ersatzteile steht Ihnen unsere Customer Support Abteilung zur Verfügung. Notre service 'Support Clientèle' reste à votre entière disposition pour tout problème de maintenance, réparation ou d'étalonnage ainsi que pour les accessoires et pièces de rechange.