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Under no circumstances Zapi S.p.A. will be held responsible to third parties for damage caused by the improper use of the present publication and of the device/devices described in it. Zapi S.p.A. reserves the right to make changes or improvements to its products at any time and without notice.
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13.1 Appendix A: PC CAN Console user guide ............... 88 13.1.1 PC CAN Console configuration ..............88 13.1.2 Parameter download .................. 89 13.1.3 How to modify parameters ................90 13.1.4 Program Vacc ..................... 91 Page 4/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
1.1.2 Manual revision This revision replaces all previous revisions of this document. Zapi has put much effort to ensure that this document is complete and accurate at the time of printing. In accordance with Zapi policy of continuous product improvement, all data in this document are subject to change or correction without prior notice.
1.2 About the controller 1.2.1 Safety Zapi provides this and other manuals to assist manufacturers in using the motor controller in a proper, efficient and safe manner. Manufacturers must ensure that all people responsible for the design and use of equipment employing the motor controller have the proper professional skills and knowledge of equipment.
2 SPECIFICATIONS 2.1 General features DUALPMX&HP PW controllers are suited for controlling a pair of traction permanent-magnet DC motors plus a pump series-wound DC motor. The controller has been developed to perform all the electric functions that are usually present in walkie and rider pallet trucks, stackers and low level order pickers.
Undervoltage and overvoltage thresholds are defined by hardware. After start-up, controller is fully operative if the supply voltage stays within these limits. Undervoltage is evaluated on the KEY input; overvoltage is evaluated on the positive battery terminal +B. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 9/103...
MOLEX MiniFit connectors. The following tables list the functional associations for all the pins of the MOLEX MiniFit connectors. For each I/O pin, the default Zapi function is indicated. The function of each pin 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 13/103...
“BASE DESCENT SW” input. Digital input 8, active when closed to +Batt. The default function is as “EB RELEASE” input. When active at key-on, it causes the electromechanical brake to be released. Page 14/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Negative reference for the pressure sensor. Analog input 1. The default function is as input for the signal from the SIGNAL pressure sensor. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 15/103...
Not used. Negative supply for auxiliary devices connected to pin D2. Not used. 4.2.5 Internal connector E An internal 8-way strip connector is used by Zapi technicians for flashing software, debug or diagnoses via proprietary serial link. Name Description Not used: it can be left unconnected.
-B, depending on the input configuration (refer to pin description in the paragraph 4.2). Pull-down or pull-up resistors are built-in. Functional devices (like FW, BACK, PB, etc.) are normally open, so that each 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 17/103...
In full-load condition, the voltage between the key-switch contacts must be lower than 0.1 V. If the microswitches to be adopted have different specifications, it is suggested to discuss them with Zapi technicians prior to employ them. 4.3.3 Analog inputs Analog inputs are acquired through a 10-bits analog-to-digital converter (resolution is given by the voltage excursion over 1024 levels).
PWM frequency can be changed by software. However, if a different PWM frequency has to be used it is suggested to discuss it with Zapi technicians. Protection Protected against inductive discharge with internal freewheeling diode to the...
Not protected against reverse polarity of the battery. A way to avoid a failure caused by the polarity inversion is to activate the contactor only when the voltage over the DC-bus capacitors has reached the accepted pre charge level. Built-in diagnostics: Page 20/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
EB output can be only a PWM voltage-controlled output. It cannot be used as current-controlled output. For version different from 24V, it is suggested to discuss with Zapi technicians about the supply of pin B1. Driving an inductive load on a PWM open-drain output, make sure to have always a path for the current through the freewheeling diode.
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When driving inductive loads on PWM Open drain outputs there must always be a path for the current to the freewheeling diodes. Do not connect any switch or fuse in series with the diode. Page 22/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Actual values for “+12V” and “+5V” are respectively 13.1 V ± 0.5 V and 5 V ± 0.3 V. Protection Auxiliary supply is protected against over current with a thermal shut down and protected against accidental connection to +B with a diode. Position (GND), (+12V/+5V) 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 23/103...
The CAN wiring shall have a characteristic impedance of 120 Ω and both physical ends of the CAN bus shall be terminated with 120 Ω between CANH and CANL for best possible noise immunity. Page 24/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Ensure the compartment to be ventilated and the heat-sinking materials ample. Heat-sinking material should be sized according to the performance requirement of the machine. Abnormal ambient temperatures should be considered. In situations where either external ventilation is poor or heat 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 25/103...
Selection of appropriate fuse ratings is a system design issue and falls under the OEMs responsibility. The fuse is not intended to protect the motor controller or motor against overloads. Page 26/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
CAN wires. The following figures show an overview of wrong and right layouts for the routing of CAN connected systems. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 27/103...
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(for example a steering controller), the best way to address this configuration is creating a common ground point (star configuration), as it is in the next figure. Page 28/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
5.1.6 Main contactor and key switch The main (or line) contactor and key switch can be connected as the following figure. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 29/103...
Special attention must be given to lengths, paths and shielding of the electric connections. These aspects are beyond of Zapi control. Zapi can offer assistance and suggestions on EMC related problems, basing on its long experience. However, ZAPI declines any responsibility for non-compliance, malfunctions and failures, if correct testing is not made.
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2) ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY. The considerations made for emissions are valid also for immunity. Additionally, further protection can be achieved with ferrite beads and bypass capacitors. 3) ELECTROSTATIC IMMUNITY. Three ways can be followed to prevent damages from ESD: 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 31/103...
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So it is strongly suggested to connect to truck frame all the parts of the truck which can be touched by the operator, who is most of the time the source of ESD. Page 32/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
6.3 DC pump motor Controllers that come with the HP option are also designed to drive a DC pump motor for the lifting function or for the hydraulic steering. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 33/103...
When the battery charge is low, the maximum current is reduced to half of the maximum current programmed. Accidental start-up A precise sequence of operations is necessary for the machine to start. Requests for drive must be made after closing the key switch. Page 34/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
ZAPI is always available to cooperate with the customer in order to evaluate installation and connection solutions. Furthermore, ZAPI is available to develop new SW or HW solutions to improve the safety of the machine, according to customer requirements.
Please refer to the OEM documentation for any further setup required during vehicle commissioning. Setting up a prototype controller for a new vehicle within a vehicle development program, may require extensive parameterization and possibly re-programming of the motor controller via CAN bus. Page 36/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
7.3 Set-up procedure This section describes the basic set-up procedure for DUALPMX and DUALPMX&HP to be carried out using the Zapi PC CAN Console or the Zapi Smart Console. When the key switch is closed, if no alarms or errors are present, the console display shows the standard Zapi details (software version, nominal voltage and current of the controller, hour-meter count).
Zapi PC CAN Console. To connect the Zapi Smart Console (or old hand console) through a remote module, like a Zapi tiller card of a Zapi display. This module is to be connected to the same CAN bus line of the inverter.
HP = DUALPMX&HP or DUALPMX&HP PW. C = Custom software configurations. The parameters and the functionalities described in the following paragraphs are referred to Zapi standard software. They could be different in any other customized software releases depending on customer’s requests. 8.2.1 PARAMETER CHANGE...
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See paragraph 9.6. 0% ÷ 50% This parameter defines the voltage applied to the motor VOLTAGE CREEP when a travel request is active and the accelerator input is (steps of 1%) at its minimum. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 41/103...
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0% ÷ 100% This parameter defines the maximum speed of the pump SPEED LIMIT motor for DUALPMX&HP versions. It is intended as a duty- (steps of 1%) cycle of the voltage applied to the motor when the lift function is performed.
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(HP) (steps of 0.1 s) travel demand has been released. (A): in pump configuration, it specifies how much time the AC motor must remain active after the hydraulic request has been released. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 43/103...
A22. The temperature sensor is a KTY 83-130 PTC (positive thermal coefficient resistance) OPTION#3 = an analog motor thermal sensor is connected to A22. The temperature sensor is a PT1000 PTC (positive thermal coefficient resistance). Page 44/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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This parameter defines the behavior of output EVP (A24). EVP TYPE NONE = Output is not enabled. ANALOG = Output manages a PWM-modulated current-controlled proportional valve. DIGITAL = Output manages an on/off valve. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 45/103...
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This parameter defines the hour counter mode: HOUR COUNTER RUNNING = The counter registers travel time only. KEYON = The counter registers the time when the KEY voltage is present (controller supplied). Page 46/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Allowable range Description Fine adjustment of the battery voltage measured by the ADJUST BATTERY controller. Calibrated by Zapi production department during the end of line test. 0 V ÷ 25.5 V It records the minimum value of lower potentiometer when MIN LOWER the lower switch is closed.
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For details and examples see paragraph 9.8. 0% ÷ 100% This parameter defines the duty-cycle of the PWM applied PWM EV2 to EV2 output (A11). (255 steps) Page 48/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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This parameter defines the minimum voltage of the XY MIN X AXIS joystick in the X direction. It is used only if parameter CARTESIAN COORD. = ON, otherwise it is disregarded. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 49/103...
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MIN L. TR MOHM N accepted for the diagnosis of a possible short between the (steps of 1 mΩ) terminals of the traction motors. It is used when N-mode is enabled active). Page 50/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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It is used to compensate for a possible asymmetry of the two motors. The unbalance is defined for the right-hand side motor as: STRAIGHT COMP.BW Right-hand side motor -20% No unbalance (default). +20% 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 51/103...
Note: SPECIAL ADJUST. must only be accessed by skilled people. To change settings in this group of settings, a special procedure is needed. Ask for this procedure directly to a Zapi technician. In SPECIAL ADJUST. there are factory-adjusted parameters that should be changed by expert technicians only.
20, 50, 125, 250, 500 8.2.5 HARDWARE SETTING The HARDWARE SETTINGS parameters group includes the motor-control- related parameters. Only those parameters the user can modify are here described. For descriptions and teaching about missing parameters contact a Zapi technician. HARDWARE SETTING Parameter Allowable range Description 0 Hz ÷...
In the following table, “Parameter” column includes the availability field (between parentheses) list, i.e. the controller configurations where each parameter is available. They are coded as: A = All controller configurations. HP = DUALPMX&HP or DUALPMX&HP PW. C = Only some custom configurations. TESTER Unit of measure...
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Voltage of the analog input 2 (pin C9). POT2 C9 POT % (1%) Setpoint of the EVP output (pin B3). SET-POINT EVP OFF/ON Status of the EV1 output (pin A1). EV1 FEEDBACK 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 55/103...
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PWM applied, expressed as percentage. % (1%) Voltage applied over the electromechanical brake coil. It ELEC.BRAKE VOLT. corresponds to the duty cycle value of PWM applied, expressed as percentage. Page 56/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Before ‘PROGRAM VACC’ After ‘PROGRAM VACC’ PROGRAM VACC can be carried out through Zapi PC CAN Console or through Zapi Smart Console. For the step-by-step procedures of the two cases, refer to paragraphs 13.1.4 or 13.2.6. 9.2 PROGRAM LIFT / LOWER function This function allows to adjust the minimum and maximum useful signal levels of lift and lowering request.
Examples with speed jumps greater than 33%. Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Initial speed 100% Destination speed Speed jump Deceleration time DECEL. BRAKING Page 58/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
90°, and by parameter STEER CUTBACK (under PARAMETER CHANGE). Higher values of the parameter result in a stronger reduction of the speed; 100% being the extreme case that results in a complete stall above 90°. Steering cutback profile. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 59/103...
9.8 NMC & NEB output For the NMC output [or NEB output] there is the possibility to set a pull-in voltage and to define a retention voltage continuously applied to the coil. Page 60/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
(100%) and the discharged- battery voltage (10%): BAT. MAX ADJ. and BAT. MIN ADJ. . It is possible to adapt the battery-charge detection to your specific battery by 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 61/103...
Then, the current set point applied to the valve increases proportionally with the potentiometer voltage up to the maximum (MAX EVP) (see paragraph 8.2.1), reached when the position of the potentiometer is at the maximum (MAX LOWER) (see paragraph 8.2.3). Page 62/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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In the same way, if the actual set point applied is the maximum and the lowering request is removed all at once, the current is reduced to minimum with a time delay equal to CLOSE DELAY and then is set to zero. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 63/103...
Steering table allows to automatically calibrate the rotation applied to the steering wheel or axle so to obtain the desired steering angle of the truck. This feature is usually customized basing on the geometrical steering-related data of the application. Page 64/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
If the signal from the motor thermal sensor is out of range (for example due to a problem related to the wiring), a cutback equal to 50% is applied. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 65/103...
Diagnoses are provided in two ways: the console can be used, which gives detailed information about the failure, moreover the failure code is also sent on the CAN bus. Page 66/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
MC remains closed, EB is applied Valves or (the command is released), AUX DRIV.SHRT. Stand-by, running Traction/Pump Traction/Pump and valves Request stopped MC is not closed, EB is applied, WRONG BATTERY Traction/Pump and valves Start-up stopped 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 67/103...
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Valves or VMN LOW LEFT Traction/Pump and valves Start-up, stand-by Traction/Pump stopped request MC is not closed, EB is applied, Valves or VMN LOW RIGHT Traction/Pump and valves Start-up, stand-by Traction/Pump stopped request Page 68/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
If the problem occurs permanently it is necessary to replace the logic board. AUX BATT. SHORT. (MDI code = 74) Cause The voltage on PEB output (pin A2) is at high value even if it should not. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 69/103...
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BATTERY VOLTAGE reading in the TESTER function. If they are different, adjust the ADJUST BATTERY parameter (ADJUSTMENTS list, paragraph 8.2.3) with the value measured through the voltmeter. If the problem is not solved, replace the logic board. Page 70/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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Collect information about characteristics of the coils connected to the two drivers and ask for assistance to a Zapi technician in order to verify that the maximum current that can be supplied by the hardware is not exceeded.
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According with this “sign”, only the customized firmware can be uploaded. Troubleshooting Upload the correct firmware. Ask for assistance to a Zapi technician in order to verify that the firmware is correct. CURRENT GAIN (MDI code = 92) Cause The current gain parameters are at the default values, which means that the maximum current adjustment procedure has not been carried out yet.
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Check the EB RELEASE input state through the TESTER function. Check the wirings relative to the EB RELEASE input. Check if there is any failure in the microswitch. If the problem is not solved, replace the logic board. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 73/103...
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Ask for assistance to Zapi in order to verify that the software diagnoses are in accordance with the type of coil employed. If the problem is not solved, it could be necessary to replace the controller.
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If the battery voltage is ok, replace the logic board. LOGIC FAILURE #1 (MDI code = 54) Cause The controller detects an undervoltage condition at the KEY input (pin A10). Undervoltage threshold is: Nominal voltage 36/48V Undervoltage threshold 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 75/103...
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Troubleshooting The fault condition could be affected by wrong adjustments of motor parameters, ask for assistance to a Zapi technician. If the alarm cannot be solved, the failure lies in the controller hardware, replace the controller.
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8.2.3). This alarm can occur if one output among EVP, EV1, EV2, EV3, HORN is present or AUX OUT FUNCTION is active. Troubleshooting Check PEV terminal (pin A3): it must be connected to the battery voltage (after the main contactor). 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 77/103...
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Pump request active at key-on. Pump request active without man presence. Troubleshooting Switch off and on the controller without any pump request. Check the wirings. Check the micro-switches. Page 78/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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That the LC power contact closer properly, with a good contact; If no problem are found on the motors, the problem is inside the controller, it is necessary to replace the logic board. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 79/103...
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Through the TESTER function, check if the sign of FREQUENCY and ENCODER are the same and if they are different from zero during a traction request. If the problem is not solved, replace the logic board. Page 80/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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Using the TESTER function of the controller verify that the input-related readings are in accordance with the actual state of the external input switches. Check if there is a short circuit between pins 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 81/103...
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If the alarm occurs while the motor is running, check: motor connections; that the MC power contact closes properly, with a good contact; if no problem is found, the problem is inside the controller, replace it. Page 82/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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Troubleshooting If the motor connected to -P is still moving, just wait for it to be still. If not, after 30 seconds the alarm PUMP VMN NOT OK appears (see paragraph 10.1). 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 83/103...
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If the battery nominal voltage is not available for the SET BATTERY parameter inside the ADJUSTMENTS list, record the value stored as HARDWARE BATTERY RANGE parameter in the SPECIAL ADJUST. list and contact a Zapi technician. Through the TESTER function, check that the KEY VOLTAGE reading shows the same value as the key voltage measured with a voltmeter on pin A10.
During periodic checks, if a technician finds any situation that could cause any damage or compromise safety, the matter should be immediately brought to the attention of a Zapi agent. The agent will then take the decision regarding the operational safety of the machine.
The description focuses on the basic information about connection and settings. For additional functionalities available for both tools, it is suggested to contact Zapi technicians in order to receive more detailed information or dedicated documentation. 13.1 Appendix A: PC CAN Console user guide Windows Pc CAN Console uses standard Zapi communication protocol to display inverter information.
Once you have chosen the node you want to connect to, start the connection. Insert the password in order to have the possibility to change the parameters: choose “Configuration” “Enter Password”. Type the password: “ZAPI” 13.1.2 Parameter download Once you are connected to the selected node, you need to download the inverter parameters: choose “Function”...
Once you have selected the menu inside that resides the parameter you want to change, it is possible to modify the value using the “+” and “–“ buttons. Click on the “Store” button to save the changes on EEPROM. Page 90/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Select the Enable switch, if any; Select the direction switch (either forward or backward); Depress the pedal to its maximum excursion. Displayed values will vary accordingly to operator inputs. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 91/103...
“Function” “Parameter” menu (or press the “Parameter” icon). Choose “Adjustment” menu. Select the value to acquire by pressing “acquiring” button, the acquisition will start: the procedure is the same described for Lift & Lower acquisition in the previous paragraph. Page 92/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
Update user can update alarm logbook; Clear user can clear alarm logbook on inverter EEPROM; Close closes the window; Print prints alarm logbook data on the selected printer. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 93/103...
Selectable baud-rate. Zapi can provide the serial cable compatible with Molex SPOX connector used in Console Ultra. CAN bus connection The Smart Console can connect to an existing CAN line and connect with any Zapi controller inside this line.
Green LED can blink in certain cases which will be described better in the following sections. 13.2.3 Home Screen After showing the Zapi logo, the HOME SCREEN will appear on the display: From top: First line tells which firmware version is running inside the console, in this case ZP 0.15.
First line displays the controller firmware. Second line shows controller voltage, controller current and hour meter. Last line shows the current alarm code, if present. Press OK to access the MAIN MENU. Page 96/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
(“auto-repeat” function): this function will speed up the procedure in case many parameter values must be changed. You can press ESC to exit the menu at any time. In case parameters have been modified, the console will prompt the request to confirm/discard changes. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 97/103...
Sequence above can slightly vary depending on controller firmware. Anyway the logic remains the same: before programming the min/max values, execute any starting sequence which is necessary, then press the pedal or push the joystick. Page 98/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
It is possible to acquire all the values in only one session. At the end you can press ESC and the console will prompt a request to confirm/discard changes. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 99/103...
Compared to standard console Ultra, the TESTER menu has been deeply modified. Now it shows four variables at once: use UP/DOWN keys to scroll the list. 13.2.10 Alarms ALARMS menu has changed from Console Ultra. Display shows all controller alarms at once. Page 100/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
This codification prevents any overwrite of previously saved files. Download procedure After entering SAVE PARAMETER TO USB, the Smart Console checks the presence of a USB stick. If the stick is not connected, it asks the operator to connect one. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 101/103...
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If the directory does not exist, it is created when download is carried out for the first time. Page 102/103 1Z014538A – DUALPMX&HP – User Manual...
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During download the led blinks slowly to indicate the console is running. When download has finished USB stick can be unplugged safely. Do not remove USB stick during download or the file will result empty or corrupted. 1Z014538A - DUALPMX&HP – User Manual Page 103/103...
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