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Kistler 9323AAA Instruction Manual

Press force sensor
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Instruction
Manual
Press Force Sensor
Type 9323AA, 9323A,
Type 9323AAA,
9333A, 9343A, 9363A,
9323AA, 9323A,
9383A, 9393A
9333A, 9343A,
9363A, 9383A,
9393A
9323A_002-476e-11.24

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Summary of Contents for Kistler 9323AAA

  • Page 1 Instruction Manual Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, Type 9323AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9323AA, 9323A, 9383A, 9393A 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 3 Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Kistler reserves the right to change or improve its products and make changes in the content without obli- gation to notify any person or organization of such chan- ges or improvements.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Hints on using this instruction manual ....................7 General description ..........................8 What are Press Force Sensors used for? ................... 8 Design and functional principle of the Press Force Sensor Type 9323AAA, 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A......................9 Installation and startup ........................10 Important information ........................
  • Page 5 Content Maintenance work .......................... 50 Troubleshooting ........................... 51 Fault-finding and remedy ........................ 51 Repairing the Press Force Sensor ....................51 Technical data ............................52 Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A ..........52 9.1.1 Press Force Sensor Typ 93x3AU0109 ....................53 Dimensions Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A ........

  • Page 6: Introduction

    It will help you with the installation, maintenance, and use of this product. To the extent permitted by law Kistler does not accept any liability if this instruction manual is not followed or products other than those listed under Accessories are used.

  • Page 7: Important Notes

    Important notes 2. Important notes It is essential for you to study the following notes, which are for your personal safety during work, and to ensure long term, fault-free operation of this product. For your safety  This product has been thoroughly tested and has left the factory in a perfectly safe condition.

  • Page 8: Unpacking

    Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Unpacking Check all packaging for transport damage. Report any such damage to the transporters and to the authorized Kistler distributor. Check accessories delivered (see Section 9.4) before first use of the equipment. Report any missing parts to the au- thorized Kistler distributor.

  • Page 9: Hints On Using This Instruction Manual

    Please keep these instruction manual in a safe place where you can retrieve them at any time. If you lose this instruction manual, please contact your Kistler distributor and ask them for an immediate replace- ment. 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 7...

  • Page 10: General Description

    Calibration in  Force shunt measurement  Indirect force measurement Kistler Press Force Sensors are characterized by high rigidity and a high natural frequency. The effective useful frequen- cy range is, however, determined by the natural frequency of the entire measuring arrangement. The high resolution allows measurement of the smallest dynamic changes even in the case of large forces.

  • Page 11: Design And Functional Principle Of The Press Force Sensor Type 9323Aaa, 9323Aa, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Design and functional principle of the Press Force Sensor Type 9323AAA, 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A The special patented design of Kistler Press Force Sensors is characterized in that the sensor is axially preloaded. Particularly in the case of small compressive forces, this preloading of the sensor is a requirement for good linearity of the output signal.

  • Page 12: Installation And Startup

    Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4. Installation and startup Important information Press Force Sensor Type 9323AAA ... 9393A are precision instruments whose specifications are fully utilized only when they are correctly employed and only when they are carefully handled.
  • Page 13 The screws must not, however, protrude against the base of the blind hole. Fig. 3: Mounting Press Force Sensors Fig. 4: Type 9323AAA, 9323AA, 9323A, Type 9323AAA, 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A, 9393A 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 14 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A When tightening the screw connections, the force used can be counteracted by applying an open wrench to the sensor outer casing! We recommend the use of screws from the strength class 12.9 upwards.

  • Page 15: Overview Of Adaptation Possibilities Type 9323Aaa

    Installation and startup Overview of adaptation possibilities Type 9323AAA ... 9393A Punch Press Force Sensor Table mounting Press Fig. 5: Overview of mounting possibilities Mounting in press punch Fig. 6: Mounting in press punch Mounting in press ram Fig. 7: Mounting in press ram 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 16 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Table mounting Fig. 8: Table mounting These mounting possibilities are described in the following pages Page 14 9323A_002-476e-11.24...

  • Page 17: Adaption A: Mounting Via Integrated Threated Bushing With Mounting Screw

    Installation and startup 4.3.1 Adaption A: mounting via integrated threated bushing with mounting screw Threaded Mounting rings bushing (included accessories) Allen screw Centering rings (included (included accessories) accessories) Mounting Standard flange clearance S adaptation Customized tool adapter Fig. 9: Mounting example A Compressive force [N] Introduction via shaft with mounting thread Lateral force [N]...

  • Page 18: Adaptation B: Mounting Via Integrated Fine Thread

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4.3.2 Adaptation B: mounting via integrated fine thread Integrated fine thread Mounting clearance S Centering ring (included accessories) Standard flange adaptation Customized tool adapter Fig. 10: Mounting example B We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 19: Adaptation C: Mounting Via Adapter With Straight Shank Slot

    Installation and startup 4.3.3 Adaptation C: mounting via adapter with straight shank slot Adapter for straight shank slot (neg.) with grub screw Centering rings Mounting clearance S (included accessories) Mounting clearance S Straight shank Adapter for straight customized tool shank slot (pos.) adapter with grub screw Fig.

  • Page 20: Adaptation D: Mounting Via Thread Adapter

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4.3.4 Adaptation D: mounting via thread adapter Fig. 12: Mounting example D Zentrierringe Centering rings (Lieferumfang) (included accessories) Innengewindeadapter Inner thread adapter Typ 9584A... Type 9584A... Einbauspiel S Mounting clearance S Einbauspiel S Mounting clearance S Aussengewindeadapter...

  • Page 21: Adaptation E: Mounting Via Adaptation Plate/Flange

    Installation and startup 4.3.5 Adaptation E: mounting via adaptation plate/flange Mounting clearance S Adaptation flange for Customized centering flat mounting in ram sleeve Mounting clearance S Fig. 13: Mounting example E We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 22: Adaptation F: Mounting Via Integrated Flange

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4.3.6 Adaptation F: mounting via integrated flange Customized ram Mounting clearance Standard flange adaptation Mounting clearance Fig. 14: Mounting example F We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 23: Adaptation G: Deep Drawing Tool With Centric Ejection Tool

    Installation and startup 4.3.7 Adaptation G: deep drawing tool with centric ejection tool Workpiece Deep drawing tool Mounting Customized centering rings clearance S Ejection tool Customized table mounting (counter-sunk) Customized ejection tool Fig. 15: Mounting example G We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 24: Adaptation H: Punch With Centric Ejection Bore

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4.3.8 Adaptation H: punch with centric ejection bore Workpiece Punch Customized Mounting centering rings clearance S Ejection bore Customized table Mounting mounting (flush) clearance S Fig. 16: Mounting example H We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 25: Adaptation I: Riveting Tool

    Installation and startup 4.3.9 Adaptation I: riveting tool Riveting tool Toolholder Customized table Mounting mounting clearance S Fig. 17: Mounting example I We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2. 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 23...

  • Page 26: Adaptation J: Calibration Element With Pressure Distribution Cap And Flange

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 4.3.10 Adaptation J: calibration element with pressure distribution cap and flange Pressure distribution cap Type 9582A... Mounting clearance S Centering rings (included accessories) Flange Type 9580A... Fig. 18: Mounting example J We recommend the use of screws from strength class 12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.

  • Page 27: Basic Circuit And Cabling Of The Measuring Chain

     We recommend that the two connectors on the connec- ting cable are cleaned before connection using the cleaning and insulation spray Type 1003 from Kistler or white spirit. The connector on the Press Force Sensor is sealed with an O-ring. With some cables, this is enclosed separately and must be installed before using the con- nector.
  • Page 28 Calibration measuring chain comprising  Press Force Sensor, pressure distribution cap and flange, cable and charge amplifier Type 5015A Type 9323AAA ... 9393A Cable e.g. Type 1631C2 Fig. 19: Force calibration measuring chain Measuring chain for compressive force monitoring com- prising ...

  • Page 29: Measurement Range And Actuating Variables

    Measurement range and actuating variables 5. Measurement range and actuating variables The following example for Type 9332A is used to show how disturbance variables that arise, e.g. shear force, bending moment and torque, influence (i.e., reduce) the normal force Fz. ...

  • Page 30: Calculation Example

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A  Calculation of an applied bending moment with any given triaxial force, taking az0 into account: = Fy x (az + az) + Fz x ay = Fx x (az + az) + Fz x ax Fig.
  • Page 31 Measurement range and actuating variables Fig. 22: Load diagram F = f (Fz, az) for Type 9333A Depending on the point of the application of force, the following shear forces are permissible in accordance with the load diagram Fx,y: Case 1: Fz = 42.36 kN;...
  • Page 32 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 23: Load diagram Mb = f (Fz, F ) for Type 9333A Lift Given that only the forces and free moments (moments free of transverse forces) can be determined from the load diagram, the shear forces (Fx, Fy with lever arm az +az) produced by the appearance of a moment load must be...
  • Page 33 Measurement range and actuating variables The maximum bending moment of 45 N·m and the reduced shear force F , result in a maximum shear force-axial force shear ratio of shear ν  The Press Force Sensor in our example is loaded with the axial force = 42,36 kN and the bending moment...
  • Page 34 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 25: Load diagram M for Type 9333A In accordance with load diagram Mz the maximum torque is reduced to: = 26 N·m If the application necessitates a larger maximum permissible torque or if a larger torque arises through ax, ay and the associated forces Fx, Fy, then the maximum permissible lifting load must be reduced accordingly.
  • Page 35 Measurement range and actuating variables Fig. 26: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9323AAA 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 33...
  • Page 36 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 27: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9323AA Page 34 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 37 Measurement range and actuating variables Fig. 28: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9323A 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 35...
  • Page 38 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 29: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9333A Page 36 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 39 Measurement range and actuating variables Fig. 30: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9343A 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 37...
  • Page 40 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 31: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9363A Page 38 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 41 Measurement range and actuating variables Fig. 32: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9383A 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 39...
  • Page 42 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Fig. 33: Nomogram for determining the max. possible moment load for Type 9393A Page 40 9323A_002-476e-11.24...

  • Page 43: Operation

    Setting the charge amplifier In conjunction with the Press Force Sensors Types 9323AAA ... 9393A we recommend the use of a charge amplifier with sensitivity selection such as Type 5073A... or a ControlMonitor Type 5867..Details for equipment set up are given in the relevant instruction manuals.

  • Page 44: Resolution Of The Measuring Signal

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Resolution of the measuring signal The resolution is the smallest possible change in the measurand able to be measured by the system. It is deter- mined by the signal-to-noise ratio at the signal output of the charge amplifier.

  • Page 45: Tips For Good Measurands

    Operation A measurement of 10 minutes duration results in a drift of: ± ⋅ ± This absolute error is in relation to the measurand and, for example, with 2 500 N force amounts to around ±0,34 %. If conversely no more than, for example, 2% accuracy is to be lost, the measurement must not take longer than: ≈...

  • Page 46: Calibration And Maintenance

    If it is possible to remove the force measurement assembly, without influencing the pretension and load distributing of the force sensor, the assembly can be sent to a Kistler Calibration Centre for recalibration. If, however, the sensor is integrated into the machine structure, it normally is not possible to remove the force measurement assembly for recalibration.

  • Page 47: Test System Requirements

    Calibration and maintenance 7.1.1.1 Test system requirements  Reference measurement chain: The reference measurement chain consists of a calibrated pre-loaded force sensor and charge amplifier.  Signal conditioning: The signal readout devices for both the reference and test systems must be equipped with peak-hold functionality.

  • Page 48: Load Application

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 7.1.1.3 Load application A typical load cycle is shown in Fig. 34. 1. The system must be in an unloaded condition to define the zero force bias; 2. Reset the charge amplifiers and, if necessary, the peak hold functions for both the reference and test system measurement channels.

  • Page 49: Calibration Process Worksheet

    Calibration and maintenance 7.1.1.4 Calibration process worksheet Set up the charge amplifier for the maximum range of the reference sensor and the corresponding sensitivity as shown on the calibration certificate. Range: [MU] Sensitivity: Cal. Cert. [pC/MU] REF(F Set up the test system amplifier to approximately determine the charge output of the test sensor. For the first iteration, use the maximum range of the charge amplifier.
  • Page 50 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Apply load at the working point at least 5 times, note the peak values from both the reference and test systems for each cycle. F ˆ [MU] Q ˆ [pC] Calculate the peak sensitivity for each cycle.
  • Page 51 Calibration and maintenance Fig. 36: In-situ calibration procedure 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 49...

  • Page 52: Kistler Calibration Service

    Traceability must be ensured. Kistler offers the following calibration services: Swiss Calibration Service (SCS) Kistler is accredited as SCS Calibration Center No. 049 for equipment measuring pressure, force, acceleration and electrical charge. To ensure traceability and specified measurement uncertainties, calibration equipment and methods are regularly monitored and audited.

  • Page 53: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting 8. Troubleshooting Fault-finding and remedy Below is a list of the frequent causes of malfunction and instructions on how to remedy these. If a fault occurs which you cannot correct, please contact your Kistler distributor. Fault Cause Remedy No measuring signal at the...

  • Page 54: Technical Data

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 9. Technical data Please note that all technical data and all further infor- mation in this section can be changed at any time without prior notice. 9.1 Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Referring to FSO of the calibrated (!) measuring range For sub-range 0.1% determined only for ascending curve, without hysteresis Corresponds to lateral force at the flange...

  • Page 55: Press Force Sensor Typ 93X3Au0109

    Technical data 9.1.1 Press Force Sensor Type 93x3AU0109 Technical Data Press Force Sensors Type 9383AU0 109 9393AU0109 Compression force: Measuring range Fz, max –50…500 a) –100 ... 950 b) Overload Fz, max. –55/550 –110/1045 Calibrated range Fz customized customized Linearity incl. Hysteresis %FSO ≤±1 ≤±1...

  • Page 56: Dimensions Type 9323A/Aa/Aaa, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Dimensions Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Type 9323A/AA/AAA/9333A/9343A/9363A Type 9383A Fig. 37: Dimensional drawing: Press Force Sensor Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A and 9383A Page 54 9323A_002-476e-11.24...
  • Page 57 Technical data Fig. 38: Dimensional drawing: Press Force Sensor Type 9393A Type  9323A/AA/AAA 13,3 27,4 – M5x0,5 9333A 16,6 10,2 40,2 43,5 M9x0,5 0,12 9343A 21,7 10,2 46,2 46,5 M13x1 0,35 0,15 9363A 13,3 32,5 10,4 64,4 M20x1,5 0,15 9383A 23,5 24,5...

  • Page 58: Dimensions Included Accessories

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A * Free passage with mounted centering rings Dimensions included accessories 9.3.1 Threaded bushing for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A Sensor Type Art. No. 9323A/AA/AAA 3.315.076 – – M5x0,5 –...

  • Page 59: Centering Ring For Type 9323A/Aa/Aaa, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Technical data 9.3.2 Centering ring for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Sensor Type Art. No. 9323A/AA/AAA 3.420.196 9333A 3.420.179 9343A 3.420.180 9363A 3.420.181 9383A 3.420.197 23,5 9393A 3.420.280 45,5 *) Free passage with mounted centering rings 9.3.3 Hexagon socket screw for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Sensor Type Art.

  • Page 60: Included Accessories

    Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Included accessories Ordering key Type Scope of delivery including accessories Press Force Sensor F 0 ... 5 kN 9323AAA  Threaded bushing 3.640.867  M2x12 cheese head screw 6.120.235  Centering ring (2x) 3.420.196 Press Force Sensor F 0 ...

  • Page 61: Dimensions Of Optional Accessories

    Technical data Dimensions of optional accessories 9.5.1 Flange for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Type 9580A9/A0/A1/A2 Type 9580A4 Type 9580A6 For Type Type d1 d2 d4 d5 d6 H2 T1 9323A/AA/AAA 9580A9 4,5 3,2 4,5 5,6 9333A 9580A0 50 10 5,5 4,3 8,5 7,5 11 9343A 9580A1...

  • Page 62: Force Distribution Cap For Type 9323A/Aa, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 9.5.2 Force distribution cap for Type 9323A/AA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Type 9582A9/A0/A1/A2 Type 9582A4 Type 9582A6 For Type Type d2 d4 d6 H3 T1 9323A/AA/AAA 9582A9 6 3,2 5,6 8,5 9333A 9582A0 10 4,3 7,5 11...

  • Page 63: Female Thread Adapter For Type 9323A/Aa/Aaa, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Technical data 9.5.3 Female thread adapter for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Type 9584A9/A0/A1/A2 Type 9584A4 Type 9584A6 For Type Type D5 d2 d4 d6 9323A/AA/AAA 9584A9 6 3,2 5,6 8 9333A 9584A0 10 4,3 7,5 11 9343A 9584A1 36,5 14 5,3 9363A...

  • Page 64: Male Thread Adapter For Type 9323A/Aa/Aaa, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 9.5.4 Male thread adapter for Type 9323A/AA/AAA, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Type 9586A9/A0/A1/A2 Type 9586A4 Type 9586A6 For Type Type D5 d2 d4 d6 H 9323A/AA/AAA 9586A9 14 6 3,2 5,6 8 9333A 9586A0 21...

  • Page 65: Optional Accessories

    Technical data 9.5.5 Optional accessories Type  Connecting cable 1631C... KIAG 10-32 pos. – BNC pos.  Connecting cable 1633C... KIAG 10-32 pos. – TNC pos.  Connecting cable 1635C... KIAG 10-32 pos. – KIAG 10-32 pos.  Connecting cable 1939A...

  • Page 66: Annex

    Cable capacitance The cable capacitance, and thus the length of the connecting cable, has no noteworthy influence on the measuring result when Kistler special cables and Kistler charge amplifiers are used. Calibrated range Measuring range or part of the measuring range for which the sensor has been calibrated.
  • Page 67 Annex Disturbance Quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement. The contributions are expressed in terms of the measurand related to the acting quantity. Examples: • additional bending moment acts on a force sensor: M →...
  • Page 68 Describes the ability of Kistler sensors and charge amplifiers to undertake short-term measurements or DC-similar measure- ments. Range see "Measuring range"...
  • Page 69 Annex Note: sensitivity of piezoresistive and strain gauge sensors is additionally dependent on the excitation current or voltage. Sensor System which produces a definite change in the output signal as a function of the change of the measurand acting on it. Note: The term "Sensor"...

  • Page 70: Measurement Uncertainty

    ±0,2 ... 0,5 % FSO Laboratory charge amplifier ±1 % FSO Industrial charge amplifier Higher accuracy can be achieved with the following procedures: Calibration in the Kistler factory   Calibration with charge amplifier Type 5395A Restriction of the temperature range ...

  • Page 71: Linearity

    Errors due to zero drift caused by influences changing with time, such as the temperature, are thus basically excluded. With Kistler piezoelectric measuring chains, a typical repeatability within 0,1 % FSO can be assumed. 10.3 Linearity...
  • Page 72 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Best straight line – mathematical definition The minimization of maximum deviation is known as Chebyshev’s approximation. The best straight line is determined as follows: x = measurand (reference)  ...
  • Page 73 Annex Charge amplifier linearity The linearity of charge amplifiers is typically within the range of ±0,05 % of the measuring range selected. For the accuracy of the measurement, this is usually negligible compared with other influences. 9323A_002-476e-11.24 Page 71...

  • Page 74: Frequency Range

    Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A 10.4 Frequency range Because of their mechanical quality, piezoelectric sensors have very low damping. The useful frequency range is limited in the upwards direction by the increasing resonance rise. Key: f Measuring frequency Natural frequency...

  • Page 75: Influence Of Temperature

    Annex In their dynamic behavior, piezoelectric sensors are superior to all other measuring methods. Their high rigidity results in the highest possible natural frequencies. Piezoelectric sensors are thus ideal for measuring measurands which change rapidly over time. Their dynamic behavior is thereby largely determined by the surrounding structure.
  • Page 76 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A equilibrium with its environment. Temperature errors are caused by changes in stress in the sensor, which in turn are influenced by the preload or installation conditions. Temperature gradient error (dynamic error) A temporary change in the output signal is denoted as temperature gradient error, when the temperature of the environment or surrounding medium changes with a...

  • Page 77: Index

    10.6 Index international protection ........63 Accuracy ........... 67, 71 Adaptation ............. 13 Kalibrierter Bereich ......... 52 Adaptation possibilities ..15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 Linearity ............64 Bending moment ..........10 Measurand............. 64 Measuring chain ........25, 64 Cable ............
  • Page 78 Press Force Sensor Type 9323AA, 9323A, 9333A, 9343A, 9363A, 9383A, 9393A Technical Data ..........51 Überlast ............52 Temperature coefficient ..... 51, 66, 73 Unpacking ............6 Temperature error .......... 72 Temperature gradient error ......73 Threshold ..........51, 66 Warning notes ..........

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