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Arcteq AQ-G215 Instruction Manual

Generator protection device
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AQ-G215
Generator protection device
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-G215

  • Page 1 AQ-G215 Generator protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3.9 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 53 4 Functions unctions ...................................................... 56 4.1 Functions included in AQ-G215 ................... 56 4.2 Measurements........................58 4.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................58 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................73 4.2.3 Power and energy calculation ..................87 4.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling .................
  • Page 3 6 Connections and applic 6 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................399 6.1 Connections of AQ-G215 ....................399 6.2 Application example and its connections................399 6.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............400 6.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................401...
  • Page 4 8.2.1.23 Arc fault protection (IArc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50NArc) (optional) ..... 462 8.2.2 Control functions ..................... 463 8.2.2.1 Setting group selection ................463 8.2.2.2 Object control and monitoring..............463 8.2.2.3 Indicator object monitoring ................. 464 8.2.2.4 Vector jump (Δφ; 78) .................. 464 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 5 8.3 Tests and environmental ....................469 9 Or 9 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ..............................................472 10 Contact and r 10 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................474 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.

  • Page 7: Document Inf

    - Order codes revised. - Added double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module and Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module descriptions Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 8 - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Improved and updated device user interface display images. - AQ-G215 Functions included list Added: Voltage memory, additional instance of underimpedance, vector jump protection, indicator objects, programmable control switches, mA output control and measurement recorder.
  • Page 9 Revision 2.09 Date 14.3.2023 - Updated the Arcteq logo on the cover page and refined the manual's visual look. - Added the "Safety information" chapter and changed the notes throughout the document accordingly. - Changed the "IED user interface" chapter's title to "Device user interface" and replaced all 'IED' terms with 'device' or 'unit'.

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    Table. 1.2 - 2. Version 1 revision notes Revision 1.00 Date 2.9.2014 Changes • The first revision for AQ-G215. Revision 1.01 Date 23.1.2014 • Added the RTD & mA input module, the double LC 100Mb Ethernet card module, and the serial RS-232 & serial fiber module hardware descriptions.

  • Page 11: Safety Information

    Therefore, we expect any user to fully comply with these special messages. 1.4 Abbreviations AI – Analog input AR – Auto-recloser ASDU – Application service data unit AVR – Automatic voltage regulator © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 12 IDMT – Inverse definite minimum time IGBT – Insulated-gate bipolar transistor I/O – Input and output IRIG-B – Inter-range instruction group, timecode B LCD – Liquid-crystal display LED – Light emitting diode LV – Low voltage NC – Normally closed © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 13 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 14: General

    Version: 2.12 2 General The AQ-G215 generator protection device is a member of the AQ 200 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-G215 generator protection device.

  • Page 15: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    5. Eight (8) buttons for device local programming: the four navigation arrows and the E E nt nter er button in the middle, as well as the Home Home, the Back Back and the password activation buttons. 6. One (1) RJ-45 Ethernet port for device configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 16: Mimic And Main Menu

    LEDs you have set. The password activation button (with the padlock icon ) takes you to the password menu where you can enter the passwords for the various user levels (User, Operator, Configurator, and Super-user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 17: Navigation In The Main Configuration Menus

    The General main menu is divided into two submenus: the Device info tab presents the information of the device, while the Function comments tab allows you to view all comments you have added to the functions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 18 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.3 - 4. General menu structure. Device info Figure. 3.3 - 5. Device info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 19 Displays the UTC time used by the unit UTC time without time zone corrections. • - Clears the event history recorded in Clear events • - • Clear the device. LCD Contrast 0…255 Changes the contrast of the LCD display. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 20 Monitor profile Function comments Function comments displays notes of each function that has been activated in the Protection, Control and Monitoring menu. Function notes can be edited by the user. Figure. 3.3 - 6. Function comments. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 21: Protection Menu

    The Protection main menu includes the Stage activation submenu as well as the submenus for all the various protection functions, categorized under the following modules: "Arc protection", "Current", "Voltage", "Frequency", "Sequence" and "Supporting" (see the image below). The available functions depend on the device type in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 22 For example, the I> (overcurrent) protection stage can be found in the "Current" module, whereas the U< (undervoltage) protection stage can be found in the "Voltage" module. Figure. 3.4 - 9. Submenus for Stage activation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 23 Figure. 3.4 - 10. Accessing the submenu of an individual activated stage. Each protection stage and supporting function has five sections in their stage submenus: "Info", "Settings", " Registers", "I/O" and "Events". Figure. 3.4 - 11. Info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 24 Voltage and current transformers nominal values can be set at Measurement → Transformers . • Delay type and operating time delay settings are described in detail in General properties of a protection function chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 25 Data included in the register depend on the protection function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 26 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs • logical inputs or outputs • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 27: Control Menu

    , for configuring the objects ( Objects) , for setting the various control functions ( Control functions) , and for configuring the inputs and outputs ( Device I/O) . The available control functions depend on the model of the device in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 28 • F F or orce se ce set t ting gr ting group change oup change: this setting allows the activation of a setting group at will (please note that Force SG change enable must be "Enabled"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 29 Each activated object is visible in the Objects submenu. By default all objects are disabled unless specifically activated in the Controls → Controls enabled submenu. Each active object has four sections in their submenus: "Settings", "Application control" ("App contr"), "Registers" and "Events". These are described in further detail below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 30 A request is considered to have failed when the object does not change its status as a result of that request. • C C lear sta lear statistics tistics: statistics can be cleared by choosing "Clear statistics" and then "Clear". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 31 By default, the access level is set to "Configurator". • You can use digital inputs to control the object locally or remotely. Remote controlling via the bus is configured on the protocol level. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 32 Object blocking is done in the "Blocking input control" subsection. It can be done by any of the following: digital inputs, logical inputs or outputs, object status information as well as stage starts, trips or blocks. Figure. 3.5 - 23. Registers section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 33 In the image series below, the user has activated three control functions. The user accesses the list of activated control stages through the "Control functions" module, and selects the control function for further inspection. Figure. 3.5 - 25. Control functions submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 34 While the function is activated and disabled in the Control → Controls enabled submenu, you can disable the function through the "Info" section (the [function name] mode at the top of the section). Figure. 3.5 - 27. Settings section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 35 Data included in the register depend on the control function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 36 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs. • logical inputs or outputs. • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage. • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 37 Mimic Indicator", "Logic signals" and "GOOSE matrix". Please note that digital inputs, logic outputs, protection stage status signals (START, TRIP, BLOCKED, etc.) as well as object status signals can be connected to an output relay or to LEDs in the "Device I/O matrix" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 38 "Event masks" subsection you can determine which events are masked –and therefore recorded into the event history– and which are not. Figure. 3.5 - 33. Digital outputs section. All settings related to digital outputs can be found in the "Digital outputs" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 39 LED quick displays and the matrices. You can also modify the color of the LED ("LED color settings") between green and yellow; by default all LEDs are green. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 40 These signals can be used in a variety of situations, such as for controlling the logic program, for function blocking, etc. You can name each switch and set the access level to determine who can control the switch. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 41 Logical output signals can be used as the end result of a logic that has been built in the AQtivate 200 setting tool. The end result can then be connected to a digital output or a LED in the matrix, block functions and much more. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 42: Communication Menu

    Communication → Connections submenu. As a standard, the devices support the following communication protocols: • NTP • IEC 61850 • Modbus/TCP • Modbus/RTU • IEC-103 • IEC -101/104 • SPA • DNP3 • ModbusIO. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 43 When communicating with a device via the front Ethernet port connection, the IP address is always 192.168.66.9. SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 and SERIAL COM2 are reserved for serial communication option cards. They have the same settings as the RS-485 port. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 44 • DNP3: supports both serial and Ethernet communication. • ModbusIO: used for connecting external devices like ADAM RTD measurement units. NOTICE! TICE! Please refer to the "Communication" chapter for a more detailed text on the various communication options. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 45: Measurement Menu

    Transformers menu is used for setting up the measurement settings of available current transformer modules or voltage transformer modules. Some unit types have more than one CT or VT module. Some unit types like AQ-S214 do not have current or voltage transformers at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 46 U4 channel can be set to work as residual voltage mode or "SS" (system set) mode, which can be used for synchrochecking, synchronizing and other uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 47 Ref1, fRef2 and fRef3. With these parameters it is possible to set up three voltage or current channels to be used for frequency sampling. Parameter "f.meas in use" indicates which of the three channels are used for sampling if any. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 48 (IL1, IL2, IL3) as well as the two residual currents (I01, I02); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary amperages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 49 • "Harmonics" displays harmonics up to the 31 harmonic for all four voltages (U1, U2, U3, U4); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary voltages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 50 "Energy measurements" displays the three-phase energy as well as the energies of the individual phases. Impedance calculations Figure. 3.7 - 50. Impedance calculations submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 51: Monitoring Menu

    ( Disturbance REC ) and accessing the device diagnostics ( Device diagnostics ). The available monitoring functions depend on the type of the device in use. Figure. 3.8 - 52. Monitoring menu view. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 52 Configuring monitor functions is very similar to configuring protection and control stages. They, too, have the five sections that display information ("Info"), set the parameters ("Settings"), show the inputs and outputs ("I/O") and present the events and registers ("Events" and "Registers"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 53 • "Pretriggering time" can be selected between 0.1…15.0 s. • The device can record up to 20 (20) analog channels that can be selected from the twenty (20) available channels. Every measured current or voltage signal can be selected to be recorded. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 54: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    L L ock ock button in the device's HMI and set the desired passwords for the different user levels. NOTICE! TICE! Passwords can only be set locally in an HMI. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 55 As mentioned above, the access level of the different user levels is indicated by the number of stars. The required access level to change a parameter is indicated with a star (*) symbol if such is required. As a general rule the access levels are divided as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 56 • Super user: Can change any setting and can operate breakers and other equipment. NOTICE! TICE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 57: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-G215 The AQ-G215 generator protection device includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 4.1 - 4. Protection functions of AQ-G215. Name (number...
  • Page 58 >>>>/<<<< PGS (1) PGx>/< Programmable stage ARC (1) IArc>/I0Arc> 50Arc/50NArc Arc fault protection (optional) Table. 4.1 - 5. Control functions of AQ-G215. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (5 objects available) Indicator object monitoring (5 indicators available) Δφ...

  • Page 59: Measurements

    Version: 2.12 Name ANSI Description ΔV/Δa/Δf Synchrocheck Programmable control switch mA output Milliampere output control Table. 4.1 - 6. Monitoring functions of AQ-G215. Name ANSI Description Current transformer supervision Voltage transformer supervision Disturbance recorder Circuit breaker wear monitor Total harmonic distortion...
  • Page 60 For the measurements to be correct the user needs to ensure that the measurement signals are connected to the correct inputs, that the current direction is connected to the correct polarity, and that the scaling is set according to the nominal values of the current transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 61 The following figure presents how CTs are connected to the device's measurement inputs. It also shows example CT ratings and nominal current of the load. Figure. 4.2.1 - 58. Connections. The following table presents the initial data of the connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 62 (in this case they are the set primary and secondary currents of the CT). If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 63 The ring core CT is connected to the CTM directly, which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings: the "I02 CT" settings are set according to the ring core CT's ratings (10/1 A). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 64 As the images above show, the scaling selection does not affect how primary and secondary currents are displayed (as actual values). The only effect is that the per-unit system in the device is scaled either to the CT nominal or to the object nominal, making the settings input straightforward. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 65 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the device. phases./ The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 66 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 67 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 68 • Invert connector 6, with the secondary currents' starpoint pointing towards the line. A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is CT scaling the ratio between the primary current and the factor P/S secondary current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 69 9 to connector A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the scaling ratio between the primary current and the secondary factor P/S current. Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured current channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 70 TRMS Sec") Table. 4.2.1 - 14. Phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase angle The phase angle measurement from each of the three phase 0.00…360.00 0.01 ("Pha.angle current inputs. ILx") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 71 I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") Secondary residual The secondary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 current I0x TRMS 0.00…300.00 0.01 measurement from the secondary residual current channel (Res.curr.I0x TRMS I01 or I02. Sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 72 Secondary positive sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Positive sequence positive sequence current. curr.") Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence negative sequence current. curr") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 73 Displays the selected harmonic from the current input ILx or 0.01 ...31 000.00 I0x. harmonic) Ixx Amplitude % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Amplitude ratio THD voltage. Recognized by IEC. Ixx Power THD % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Power ratio THD voltage. Recognized by the IEEE. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 74: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 75 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 76 In the image below is an example of 2LL+U0+SS, that is, two line-to-line measurements with the zero sequence voltage and voltage from side 2 for Synchrocheck. Since U0 is available, line-to-neutral voltages can be calculated. Figure. 4.2.2 - 71. 2LL+U0+SS settings and connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 77 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the device. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 78 Measured • Neutral Example with scaling 20000/100 for Uo and injection 10V delta from point secondary: • Open delta • Broken delta: 1155V (10%) • Neutral point: 2000 V (17.34%) • Open delta: 667V (5.78%) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 79 U4 Res/SS VT 1.0…1 000 The primary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS 0.1V primary 000.0V 000.0V U4 Res/SS VT The secondary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS 0.2…400.0V 0.1V 100.0V secondary © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 80 This setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. U4 scaling A feedback value for channel U4; the scaling factor for the secondary voltage's per-unit value. factor p.u. Sec This setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 81 ("Pos.seq.Volt.p.u.") Negative sequence The measurement (in p.u.) from the calculated negative voltage 0.00…500.00xU 0.01xU sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.p.u.") Zero sequence The measurement (in p.u.) from the calculated zero 0.00…500.00xU 0.01xU voltage sequence voltage. ("Zero.seq.Volt.p.u.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 82 Description System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary line-to-line UL12 voltage fundamental frequency component UL12 0.01V (measured or calculated). You can also select the row where the unit for this is ("System 000.00V volt UL12 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 83 (SS). This magnitude is displayed only when the "2LL+U3+U4" mode 0.01V is selected and both U3 and U4 are in use. You can also select the row where ("System 000.00V the unit for this is kV. volt U3 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 84 UL3 0.00…360.00° 0.01° The primary line-to-neutral angle UL3 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL3 ang") System voltage angle U0 0.00…360.00° 0.01° The primary zero sequence angle U0 (measured or calculated). ("System volt U0 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 85 The determination is made by comparing the angle between the operating quantity (zone/tripping area) and the actual measured quantity. The function then produces an output when the required terms are met. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 86 Healthy state angles (before a fault) are used during a fault. This is why a drift between the assumed voltage angle and the actual measured phase current angle takes place. While voltage memory is used, the angle of phase currents drifts approximately one degree for each passing second (see the graph below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 87 60 Hz, there could be an error in current magnitude and in angle measurement. To minimize these errors, it is recommended that the frequency is measured and protection-based sampling from the current is performed while voltages are gone. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 88: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 89 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 90 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 4.2.3 - 38. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active • Disabled Enables/disables the active energy energy Disabled • Enabled measurement. measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 91 Reset energy calculators Resets the memory of the indivisual phase • - (per phase) energy calculator. Goes automatically back to • Reset ("Reset E per the "-" state after the reset is finished. phase") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 92 3PH Apparent power (S) 0.01kVA -1x10 …1x10 ampere 3PH Active power (P) 0.01kW The total three-phase active power in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 3PH Reactive power (Q) 0.01kVar The total three-phase reactive power in kilovars -1x10 …1x10 kVar © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 93 The total amount of exported reactive energy while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (kVarh or MVarh) active power is exported. Imported (Q) while Export Total amount of imported reactive energy while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (P). (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 94 Lx (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. Reactive Energy (Q) balance while The sum of the phase's imported and exported 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 Export (P) Lx (kVarh or MVarh) reactive energy while active energy is exported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 95 L3 (S) L3 (S) 9.77 MVA 3PH (S) H (S) 20.00 MVA L1 (P) L1 (P) 2.89 MW L2 (P) L2 (P) 4.72 MW L3 (P) L3 (P) 9.71 MW 3PH (P) H (P) 17.32 MW © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 96 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 97: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 98 CT1IL1 The first reference source for frequency tracking. reference 1 • VT1U1 • VT2U1 • None • CT1IL2 Frequency The second reference source for frequency • CT2IL2 CT1IL2 reference 2 tracking. • VT1U2 • VT2U2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 99 Displays the rough value of the tracked frequency 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - channel C in Channel C. • One f measured System • Two f Displays the amount of frequencies that are measured measured measured. frequency • Three f measured © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 100: General Menu

    The order code identification of the unit. System phase rotating order at The selected system phase rotating order. Can be changed with parameter the moment "System phase rotating order". UTC time The UTC time value which the device's clock uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 101 When a reset command is given, the parameter • Reset automatically returns back to "-". • Disabled Enables the measurement recorder tool, further Measurement recorder Disabled • Enabled configured in Tools → Misc → Measurement recorder. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 102: Protection Functions

    4.4.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 103 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 104 ). The reset ratio of 97 % is built into the function and is always relative to the X value. If a function's pick-up characteristics vary from this description, they are defined in the function section in the manual. Figure. 4.4.1 - 80. Pick up and reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 105 (independent time characteristics). • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): activates the trip signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up value X and the measured value X (dependent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 106 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard Delay curve • IEC defined characteristics. series • IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 107 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 parameter is set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 108 NOTE TE: : when "k" has been set lower than 0.3 calculated operation time can be lower with mechanical relays. than 0 seconds with some measurement values. In these cases operation time will be instant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 109 • Yes even if the pick-up element is reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 110 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 84. No delayed pick-up release. Figure. 4.4.1 - 85. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 111 Figure. 4.4.1 - 87. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is decreasing during the release time. The resetting characteristics can be set according to the application. The default setting is delayed 60 ms and the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 112: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    32 components, or to peak-to-peak values. Table. 4.4.2 - 53. Measurement inputs of the I> function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 113 • Start CA • Start • Trip AB • Trip BC • Trip CA • Trip • RMS Measured • TRMS Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the • RMS magnitude • Peak-to- function. peak © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 114 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping to trip occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 115 The function's output can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. Table. 4.4.2 - 58. Event messages. Event block name Event names NOC1...NOC4 Start ON NOC1...NOC4 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 116 Event Event name Fault type L1-E…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 117: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 118 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.3 - 63. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • Normal I0> • Start Displays status of the protection function. condition • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 119 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 120 Event Event name Fault type A-G-R…C-G-F Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 121: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 122 The angle memory captures the measured voltage angle 100 ms before the fault starts. After 0.5 seconds the angle memory is no longer used, and the reference angle is forced to 0°. The inbuilt reset ratio for the tripping area angle is 2°. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 123 If the 3LL mode is used without the U measurement in a single-phase fault situation, the voltage reference comes from the healthy phase and the current reference from the faulty phase. In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 124 Figure. 4.4.4 - 92. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. Figure. 4.4.4 - 93. When Idir> function has been set to "Non-directional" the function works basically just like a traditional non-directional overcurrent protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 125 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 126 START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.4 - 73. Register content. Register name Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 127: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    Both I and U must be above the squelch limit to be able to detect the angle. The squelch limit for the I current is 0.01 x I and for the U voltage 0.01 x U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 128 • U0 Defines which available neutral voltage measurement is used. input Calculated Select Available neutral voltages depend on measurement settings select • U3 Input ( Measurements → Transformers → VT module ). • U4 Input © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 129 & I0 broad range mode. Angle ±45.0…135.0° 0.1° ±88° Tripping area size (earthed network) Angle offset 0.0…360.0° 0.1° 0.0° Protection area direction (earthed network) Angle blinder -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 130 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 131 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 4.4.5 - 96. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 132 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 133 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 134 Finally, in a compensated network protection relays with traditional algorithms may sporadically detect an earth fault in a long healthy feeder due to CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 135 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 136 Table. 4.4.5 - 78. Internal inrush harmonic blocking settings. Name Range Step Default Description Inrush harmonic blocking • No Enables and disables the 2 (internal-only trip) • Yes harmonic blocking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 137 Trip ON DEF1...DEF4 Trip OFF DEF1...DEF4 Block ON DEF1...DEF4 Block OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 138: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    I and I . The zero sequence current is also recorded into the registers as well as the angles of the positive, negative and zero sequence currents in order to better verify any fault cases. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 139 Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 140 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. When IDMT Expected mode is used, the expected operating time depends on the measured operating 0.000...1800.000s highest phase current value. If the measured current changes during a time fault, the expected operating time changes accordingly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 141 Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: • t = Operating time • I = Calculated negative sequence 2meas • k = Constant k value (user settable delay multiplier) • I = Pick-up setting of the function © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 142 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.6 - 85. Event messages. Event block name Event names CUB1...CUB4 Start ON CUB1...CUB4 Start OFF CUB1...CUB4 Trip ON CUB1...CUB4 Trip OFF CUB1...CUB4 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 143: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    The number of stages in the function depends on the device model. The function constantly measures the selected harmonic component of the selected measurement channels, the value being either absolute value or relative to the RMS value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 144 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 145 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 146 Name Range Default Description • Normal Ih> force • Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. status to • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 147 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.7 - 89. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting 0.05…2.00×I 0.01×I 0.20×I (per unit monitoring) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 148 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 149 Event Event name Fault type L1-G…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms current Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 150: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement Fundamental frequency component of residual input I measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 151 (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 152 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 153 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s starting condition has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 154 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incoming feeder circuit breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 155 CBFP signal to the incoming feeder breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 156 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current- based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 157 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 158 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 159 CBFP signal is sent to the incoming feeder circuit breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 160 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 161 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 162 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.8 - 112. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 163 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counters for RETRIP, CBFP, CBFP START and BLOCKED events. Table. 4.4.8 - 100. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 164: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    The overvoltage function is used for instant and time-delayed overvoltage protection. Devices with a voltage protection module has four (4) available stages of the function (U>, U>>, U>>>, U>>>>). The function constantly measures phase voltage magnitudes or line-to-line magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 165 • U3 Measured Selection of phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages. Additionally, the input magnitude voltages U3 or U4 input can be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. (2LL- U3SS) • U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 166 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.9 - 115. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.9 - 116. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 167 (in single, dual or all voltages) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 168 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 169 0.005...1800 s, the stage operates as independent delayed. This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected Time dial delay type. 0.01…60.00s 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 170 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.9 - 109. Event messages. Event block name Event names OV1...OV4 Start ON OV1...OV4 Start OFF OV1...OV4 Trip ON OV1...OV4 Trip OFF OV1...OV4 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 171: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Undervoltage protection has two blocking stages: internal blocking (based on voltage measurement and low voltage), or external blocking (e.g. during voltage transformer fuse failure). Figure. 4.4.10 - 118. Simplified function block diagram of the U< function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 172 Measured Selection of P-P or P-E voltages. Additionally, the U3 or U4 input can • U3 input magnitude voltages be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. (2LL- U3SS) • U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 173 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.10 - 119. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.10 - 120. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 174 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.10 - 114. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description 0.00…120.00%U 0.01%U 60%U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 175 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. Expected When IDMT mode is used, the expected operating time operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s depends on the measured voltage value. If the measured time voltage changes during a fault, the expected operating time changes accordingly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 176 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 177 • No release time if the pick-up element is not activated during release • Yes this time. When disabled, the operating time counter is reset time directly after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 178 START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.10 - 119. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Fault type A…A-B-C Pre-trigger voltage Start/Trip -20ms voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 179: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 4.4.11 - 123. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.11 - 124. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 180 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U0/V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 181 • U3 Input connected to device. If no channel is set to "U0" mode and line- • U4 Input to-line voltages are connected, no residual voltage is available and "No U0 avail!" will be displayed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 182 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 183 The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 184 Event Event name Fault type L1-G…L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger voltage Start/Trip -20ms voltage Fault voltage Start/Trip voltage Pre-fault voltage Start -200ms voltage Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 185: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.12 - 127. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 128. Earth fault in an isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 186 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.12 - 130. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 131. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 187 Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 188 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 189 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 190 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 191 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.12 - 133. Event messages. Event block name Event names VUB1...VUB4 Start ON VUB1...VUB4 Start OFF VUB1...VUB4 Trip ON VUB1...VUB4 Trip OFF VUB1...VUB4 Block ON VUB1...VUB4 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 192: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    ( Protection → Stage activation → Frequency stages ), the user can activate and deactivate the individual stages at will ( Protection → Frequency → Frequency protection f >/< → INFO → Stage operational setup ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 193 Frequency reference 3 Tertiary frequency reference General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 194 Pick-up setting f< Block setting. If set to zero, blocking is not in undervoltage 0.00...120.00%Un 0.01%Un 0.00%Un use. When the measured voltage drops below the block set value, the operation of the functions is blocked. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 195 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 196: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    (i.e. becomes an islanded network). A generator that is not disconnected from the network can cause safety hazards. A generator can also be automatically reconnected to the network, which can cause damage to the generator and the network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 197 ( Protection → Stage activation → Frequency stages ), the user can activate and deactivate the individual stages at will ( Protection → Frequency → Frequency protection f >/< → INFO → Stage operational setup ). Figure. 4.4.14 - 138. Simplified function block diagram of the df/dt>/< function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 198 Table. 4.4.14 - 143. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description df/dt>/< (1…8) • No used in setting Enables the protection stage in setting group. • Yes group © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 199 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s operating time occurs. When the function has detected a fault and counts Time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s down time towards a trip, this displays how much time is to trip left before tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 200 Table. 4.4.14 - 146. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name df/dt>/< Pre-trig (Hz/s) Start/Trip –20ms df/dt>/< f Pre-trig (Hz) Start/Trip –20ms frequency df/dt>/< Fault (Hz/s) Fault df/dt>/< © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 201: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    The power protection function is for instant and time-delayed, three-phase overpower or underpower protection (active, reactive, or apparent). The user can select the operating mode with parameter settings. Figure. 4.4.15 - 139. PQ diagram of the pick-up areas in various modes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 202 Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 203 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.15 - 150. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description Normal PQS>/< Start Displays the status of the protection function. condition Trip Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 204 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's output can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 205: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    The power factor protection function is the ratio of active power to apparent power (cos φ = P/S). In a fully resistive load the power factor is 1.00. In partially inductive loads the power factor is under 1.00. Power factor protection cannot detect a power factor value that is too low. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 206 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.16 - 141. Operating characteristics of power factor protection. Figure. 4.4.16 - 142. Simplified function block diagram of the PF> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 207 Pick-up setting for tripping Trip Pick-up setting Pick-up setting for alarming. This parameter is only available PF< (lead or lag) 0.05…0.99 0.01 0.9 when "Available modes" parameter has been set to "Trip and Alarm alarm". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 208 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 209 Table. 4.4.16 - 158. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Pre-trigger PF Start/Trip -20ms power factor Fault PF Start/Trip power factor Pre-fault PF Start -200ms power factor © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 210: Machine Thermal Overload Protection (Tm>; 49M)

    = Long thermal cooling time constant (motor stopped) of the protected object (in minutes) • τ = Long thermal cooling time constant (motor running) of the protected object (in minutes) • W = Correction factor between the times t and t © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 211 100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is completely zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 212 The formulas below present examples of the calculation of the ambient temperature coefficient (a linear correction factor to the maximum allowed current): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 213 The settable thermal capacity curve uses linear interpolation for ambient temperature correction with a maximum of ten (10) pairs of temperature–correction factor pairs. The temperature and coefficient pairs are set to the TM> function's settable correction curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 214 (locked rotor, overloading situations) in order to achieve a suitable thermal image for the machine. The following figure presents the various differences to consider when solve the time constants in the motor (as compared to single time constant objects like cables). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 215 The only time constant to consider is the heating time constant, which is equal to the cooling time constant for underground cables. Figure. 4.4.17 - 149. Simplified motor construction and time constants. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 216 (DOL) starting. Table. 4.4.17 - 159. Motor heating during DOL starting. The motor is de-energized and all parts of it are in the ambient temperature. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 217 Most motors are rotor- limited which results in the rotor heating up to dangerously high temperatures before the stator. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 218 Now, the heat transfer is stabilized and the heat generated in the motor is transferred to the surrounding air and the temperatures of the internal components are not increasing any longer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 219 RTD elements. The rotor temperature is highest on the drive end becuase the cooling is the weakest there (as can be seen in the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 220 1.15 and the ambient temperature was measured to be 24 degrees Celsius. In this case the motor was started without a load, and the loading was increased directly after starting in order to concentrate the heating effects of stable loading. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 221 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 151. Measured motor temperature in heating/cooling test. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 222 Thermal trip curves Motor thermal curves are useful when studying motor heating in possible overload and start-up situations. These are usually available upon request from manufacturers, and the function operation can be set according to these. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 223 If the motor is continuously running with a constant load, the cooling time constant is not that significant and can be estimated to be e.g. two to three times longer than the heating time constant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 224 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 154. Comparing single time constant thermal replica tripping curves to given motor thermal characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 225 In the curve simulations the hot condition was defined as 70 % of the thermal capacity. The following figures present the tripping and cooling curves of the thermal replica. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 226 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 156. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 0% (cold). Figure. 4.4.17 - 157. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 90% (hot). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 227 Figure. 4.4.17 - 158. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre-load 0% (cold) Figure. 4.4.17 - 159. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre- load 90% (hot). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 228 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 160. Thermal cooling curves, single cooling time constant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 229 Figure. 4.4.17 - 161. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic dual time constant. Figure. 4.4.17 - 162. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic triple time constant (motor is running without load in the first part with dedicated time constant). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 230 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 163. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 1. Figure. 4.4.17 - 164. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 3. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 231 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 165. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 7. Figure. 4.4.17 - 166. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 10. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 232 Table. 4.4.17 - 162. General settings (not selectable under setting groups) Name Range Default Description TM> • Disabled The selection of the function is activated or disabled in the configuration. Disabled mode • Activated By default it is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 233 (TM>; 49M) - motor start/ locked rotor Motor In 0.1 ... 0.1A monitoring The motor's nominal current in amperes. 5000.0A (Ist>; 48/14) - non- directional undercurrent protection (I<; - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 234 0.1...5000.0A 0.1A current is exceeded while the automatic curve - motor start/ current selection and the control only short time locked rotor constant (stall) are in use. monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 235 - machine thermal overload protection overload (TM>; 49M) The maximum overload current of the motor in 0.1...5000.0A 0.1A current - motor start/ amperes. locked rotor monitoring (Ist>; 48/14) - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 236 Please note that locked rotor using this setting requires that the Machine monitoring thermal overload protection (TM>) function is (Ist>; 48/14) activated and in use. - mechanical jam protection (Im>; 51M) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 237 If "Single" is Time • Single Single selected, only the time constants Long heating (cold) and constants • Multiple Long cool Stop are shown. If "Multiple" is selected, all available time constants are shown. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 238 This setting is visible when the time constants (hot) option "Multiple" and the "Set manually" option from "Estimate short TC and timings" are both selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 239 The default theta when the function is restarted. It is also Cold possible to fully reset the thermal element. reset 0.0…150.0% 0.1% 60.0% default This parameter can be used when testing the function to theta manually set the current thermal cap to any value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 240 "Linear est." Amb. The temperature reference points for the user-settable ambient -50.0…500.0 temp. ref. 15 deg temperature coefficient curve. This setting is visible if "Ambient lin. 1...10 or curve" is set to "Set curve". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 241 The trip signal's additional delay. This delay delays the trip 0.000…3600.000 0.005 Trip 0.000 s signal generation by a set time. The default setting is 0.000 s delay which does not give an added time delay for the trip signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 242 TM> Setting • Ambient t Indicates if ambient temperature settings have been set wrong and actually alarm set fault. used setting is 1.0. Visible only when there is a setting fault. Override to © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 243 Table. 4.4.17 - 169. Counters. Name Description / values Alarm1 inits The number of times the function has activated the Alarm 1 output Alarm2 inits The number of times the function has activated the Alarm 2 output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 244 Table. 4.4.17 - 171. Register content. Name Event names Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Time to reach 100 % theta seconds Ref. T current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 245: Underexcitation Protection (Q<; 40)

    The image below presents the two modes of underexcitation and their protection areas. The Fixed mode is depicted on the left, the P-dependent mode on the right. Figure. 4.4.18 - 168. Underexcitation modes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 246 Q < value. Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 247 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 248 Table. 4.4.18 - 177. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Pre-trigger power (P&Q) Start/Trip -20ms power Fault power (P&Q) Start/Trip power Pre-fault power (P&Q) Start -200ms power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 249: Stator Earth Fault Protection (U03Rd<; 64S)

    100 % stator earth fault protection functions. The figure below demonstrates the overlapping range of the neutral overvoltage and the 100 % stator earth fault protection function. Figure. 4.4.19 - 170. Overlapping demonstration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 250 Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 251 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.19 - 181. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • Normal • Start Displays the status of the protection function. < condition • Trip • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 252 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 253 • No time if the pick-up element is not activated during this time. release • Yes When disabled, the operating time counter is reset directly time after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 254 ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.19 - 185. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Pre-trigger voltage Start/Trip -20ms impedance Fault voltage Start/Trip voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 255: Voltage-Restrained Overcurrent Protection (Iv>; 51V)

    However, the voltage- restrained overcurrent protection function is less prone to making unwanted operations on motor starting currents and system swings. Figure. 4.4.20 - 172. Pick-up levels in the two modes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 256 Name Range Default Description • Normal Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Iv> force • Start Normal status to • Trip forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. • Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 257 When IDMT mode is used, the expected operating time operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s depends on the measured highest phase current value. If time the measured current changes during a fault, the expected operating time changes accordingly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 258 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 259: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    The most common situation for overexcitation is when a machine is off-line prior to synchronization. The figure below shows how the pick-up settings and the measured frequency affect the pick-up level of the volts-per-hertz protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 260 The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase-to-phase voltage measurements. Frequency measurement values is used for determining the overvoltage pick-up level. Please refer to "Frequency tracking and scaling" chapter for a detailed description of frequency tracking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 261 Table. 4.4.21 - 194. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up V/Hz > The maximum allowed increase in the measured V/Hz 0.01…30.00% 0.01% 5.00% (% of nominal) ratio in relation to the nominal V/Hz ratio. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 262 "DT" or "DT and inverse". Inverse operating time characteristics are calculated according to the following equation: Figure. 4.4.21 - 176. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the TimeDial k setting effect. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 263 -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left trip before tripping occurs. U/f atm to The ratio between the measured power and the pick-up 0.01P pick-up U/f -100.00...100.00% value. ratio © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 264 VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Start ON VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Start OFF VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Alarm ON VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Alarm OFF VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Trip ON VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Trip OFF VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 265: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    Underimpedance protection is an alternative for voltage-restrained overcurrent protection. It can be used to detect short-circuit faults near the generator even when the short-circuit current is small. Additionally, under impedance protection can be used as backup protection for transformer protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 266 Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current Fundamental frequency component of voltage channel U Fundamental frequency component of voltage channel U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 267 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 268 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The function offers two (2) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 269: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    Sixteen (16) individual element monitors can be set for this alarm function, and each of those can be set to alarm two (2) separate alarms from one selected input. The user can set alarms and measurements to be either in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 270 • Channel 0 • Channel 1 • Channel 2 • Channel 3 Selects the measurement channel in S1...S16 channel Channel 0 • Channel 4 the selected module. • Channel 5 • Channel 6 • Channel 7 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 271 When the RTDs have been set, the values can be read to SCADA (or some other control system). The alarms can also be used for direct output control as well as in logics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 272: Programmable Stage (Psx>/<; 99)

    Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Analog values The numerous analog signals have been divided into categories to help the user find the desired value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 273 Angle of negative sequence current (degrees) I01ResP I01 primary current of a current-resistive component I01CapP I01 primary current of a current-capacitive component I01ResS I01 secondary current of a current-resistive component I01CapS I01 secondary current of a current-capacitive component © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 274 U1 pos.seq.V Ang Positive sequence voltage angle (degrees) U2 neg.seq.V Ang Negative sequence voltage angle (degrees) Table. 4.4.24 - 209. Power measurements Name Description S3PH Three-phase apparent power S (kVA) P3PH Three-phase active power P (kW) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 275 Positive Reactance X primary (Ω) XSeqPri RSeqSec Positive Resistance R secondary (Ω) XSeqSec Positive Reactance X secondary (Ω) ZSeqPri Positive Impedance Z primary (Ω) ZSeqSec Positive Impedance Z secondary (Ω) ZSeqAngle Positive Impedance Z angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 276 Transformer thermal temperature RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16 Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM) mA input 7,8,15,16 mA input channels 7, 8, 15, 16 ASC 1…4 Analog scaled curves 1…4 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 277 -5 000 000...5 000 The ratio between measured magnitude and the pick-up MagSet2 at the setting. moment PSx >/< MeasMag3/ -5 000 000...5 000 The ratio between measured magnitude and the pick-up MagSet3 at the setting. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 278 G G r r ea eat t er than ( er than (absol absolut ute e ) ) . If the absolute value of the measured signal is greater Over (abs) > than the set pick-up level, the comparison condition is fulfilled. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 279 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 280: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    This delay can be avoided by using arc protection. The arc protection card has a high-speed output to trip signals faster as well as to extend the speed of arc protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 281 The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 282 AQ-101 models are used to extend the protection of Zone 2 and to protect each outgoing feeder (Zone 3). This scheme is a single-line diagram with AQ-200 series devices and with AQ-101 arc protection relays. The settings are for an incoming feeder AQ-200 device. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 283 The next example is almost like the previous one: it is also a single-line diagram with AQ 200 series devices. However, this time each outgoing feeder has an AQ-200 protection device instead of an AQ-101 arc protection relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 284 Arc protection uses samples based on current measurements. If the required number of samples is found to be above the setting limit, the current condition activates. The arc protection can use either phase currents, residual currents or both. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 285 • Zone4 Blocked Channel sensors Channel • No sensors sensors • 1 sensor Defines the number of sensors connected to the channel (channels 1/2/ • 2 sensors sensors 3/4). Channel • 3 sensors sensors Channel sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 286 The phase overcurrent allows the zone to trip when light is Disabled curr. • Enabled detected. Enabled Zone1/2/ 3/4 Res. • Disabled The residual overcurrent allows the zone to trip when light is Disabled curr. • Enabled detected. Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 287 Range Description • Z1 Trip • Z1 Blocked • Z2 Trip • Z2 Blocked I/I0 Arc> condition Displays status of the protection function. • Z3 Trip • Z3 Blocked • Z4 Trip • Z4 Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 288 ARC1 Zone 1...4 Trip ON ARC1 Zone 1...4 Trip OFF ARC1 Zone 1...4 Block ON ARC1 Zone 1...4 Block OFF ARC1 Phase current Blocked ON ARC1 Phase current Blocked OFF ARC1 Phase current Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 289 Table. 4.4.25 - 226. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Phase A current Phase B current Trip current Phase C current Residual current Active sensors 1...4 Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 290: Control Functions

    • Normal Common signals condition • Start Displays status of the function. • Trip Function blocking Common signals function itself doesn't have blocking input signals. Blocking of tripping should be done in each protection function settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 291: Setting Group Selection

    Figure. 4.5.2 - 184. Simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 292 Table. 4.5.2 - 231. Settings of the setting group selection function. Name Range Default Description • SG1 • SG2 • SG3 Active setting • SG4 Displays which setting group is active. group • SG5 • SG6 • SG7 • SG8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 293 The selection of Setting group 5 ("SG5"). Has the fourth lowest priority input in setting group control. group Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, SG6, SG7 and SG8 requests will not be processed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 294 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. Figure. 4.5.2 - 186. Setting group control – one-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 295 Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. Figure. 4.5.2 - 187. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 296 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the device's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 297 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. Table. 4.5.2 - 233. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2...8 Enabled SG2...8 Disabled SG1...8 Request ON SG1...8 Request OFF Remote Change SG Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 298: Object Control And Monitoring

    The main outputs of the function are the OBJECT OPEN and OBJECT CLOSE control signals. Additionally, the function reports the monitored object's status and applied operations. The setting parameters are static inputs for the function, which can only be changed by the user in the function's setup phase. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 299 General menu. force to • NotrdyFail On • NosyncFail On • Opentout On • Clotout On • OpenreqUSR • CloreqUSR On The user-set name of the object, at maximum 32 characters Object name Objectx long. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 300 Displays the number of failed "Close" requests. 0…2 –1 failed Clear • - Clears the request statistics, setting them back to zero (0). statistics • Clear Automatically returns to "-" after the clearing is finished. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 301 Objectx Open command The physical "Open" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Open relay. Command") OUT1…OUTx Objectx Close command The physical "Close" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Close relay. Command") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 302 The remote Open command from a physical digital Open control input input (e.g. RTU). Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Close logical signal. Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Open logical signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 303 Figure. 4.5.3 - 191. Example of an interlock application. In order for the blocking signal to be received on time, it has to reach the function 5 ms before the control command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 304 Close Command On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Command Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Not Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Ok OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Not Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 305 The cause of an "Open" command's failure. Close fail The cause of a "Close" command's failure. Open command The source of an "Open" command. Close command The source of an "Open" command. General status The general status of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 306: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Close input A link to a physical digital input. The monitored indicator's signal selected by the user ("Ind.X CLOSE status. "1" refers to the active "Close" state of the monitored Close indicator. (SWx) Status In") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 307: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    (UL12, UL23 or UL31). • SYN3 – Supervises the synchronization condition between the channels U3 and U4. The seven images below present three different example connections and four example applications of the synchrocheck function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 308 Figure. 4.5.5 - 192. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.5 - 193. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 309 Figure. 4.5.5 - 194. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.5 - 195. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 310 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 196. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 311 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 197. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 312 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 313 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 199. System states. Figure. 4.5.5 - 200. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 314 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 315 If the blocking signal is active when the SYN OK activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the SYN OK function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 316 • UL31 Enables and disables the SYN3 stage. Operable SYN3 V • Not in use Not in in the 2LL+U3+U4 mode, with references UL12, Reference • U3–U4 UL23 and UL31 can be connected to the channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 317 SYNx U live > 0.10…100.00%Un 0.01%Un 20%Un The voltage limit of the live state. SYNx U dead The voltage limit of the dead state. Not in use when 0.00…100.00%Un 0.01%Un 20%Un < set to 0%Un © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 318 SYN1 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting SYNX1 SYN1 Voltage difference Ok On SYNX1 SYN1 Voltage difference Ok Off SYNX1 SYN1 Angle difference Ok On © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 319 SYN1 Bus voltage Dead On SYNX1 SYN1 Bus voltage Dead Off SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Live On SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Live Off SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Dead On SYNX1 SYN1 Line voltage Dead Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 320: Milliampere Output Control

    (1) mA input channel. If the device has an mA option card, enable mA outputs at Control → Device IO → mA outputs . The outputs are activated in groups of two: channels 1 and 2 are activated together, as are channels 3 and 4. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 321 The second input point in the mA output 0.001 …10 value 2 control curve. Scaled The mA output value when the measured value mA output 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA 0mA is equal to or greater than Input value 2. value 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 322 Displays the input value of the selected mA 0.001 …10 Magnitude now output channel at that moment. mA Out Channel Displays the output value of the selected mA 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA Outputs now output channel at that moment. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 323: Vector Jump (Δφ; 78)

    Figure. 4.5.7 - 203. Simplified function block diagram of the Δφ function. Measured input The function block uses phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral voltages and always uses complex measurement from samples. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 324 (Δα ) for each of the selected voltages. The function's stage trip signal lasts for 20 ms and automatically resets after that time has passed. The setting value is common for all measured amplitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 325 • System L2 Voltage • System L3 Voltage • U4 Voltage Table. 4.5.7 - 256. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting Δα 0.05…30.00° 0.01° 5° Pick-up setting for trip signal (lead or lag) Trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 326 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 327: Programmable Control Switch

    (see the image below). The switch cannot be controlled by an auxiliary input, such as digital inputs or logic signals; it can only be controlled locally (mimic) or remotely (RTU). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 328 Event block name Event names Switch 1 ON Switch 1 OFF Switch 2 ON Switch 2 OFF Switch 3 ON Switch 3 OFF Switch 4 ON Switch 4 OFF Switch 5 ON Switch 5 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 329: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    • mA In 4 (T card 1) • mA In 1 (T card 2) • mA In 2 (T card 2) • mA In 3 (T card 2) • mA In 4 (T card 2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 330 Name Range Step Default Description Curve Defines the length of the input measurement update cycle. If 1...10 update 5...10 000ms 5ms 150ms the user wants a fast operation, this setting should be fairly cycle low. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 331: Logical Outputs

    32 logical outputs are available. The figure below presents a logic output example where a signal from the circuit breaker failure protection function controls the digital output relay number 3 ("OUT3") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 332 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's output signals can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 333: Logical Inputs

    Figure. 4.5.11 - 207. Operation of logical input in "Hold" and "Pulse" modes. A logical input pulse can also be extended by connecting a DELAY-low gate to a logical output, as has been done in the example figure below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 334 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. The function's output signals can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 335: Monitoring Functions

    • The ratio between the negative sequence and the positive sequence exceeds the I2/I1 ratio setting. • The calculated difference (IL1+IL2+IL3+I0) exceeds the I difference setting (optional). • The above-mentioned condition is met until the set time delay for alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 336 I02 channel. Table. 4.6.1 - 268. Measured inputs of the CTS function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L1 (A) current Fundamental frequency component of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 337 This setting limit defines the upper limit for high 0.01…40.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I the phase current's pick-up element. limit If this condition is met, it is considered as fault and the function is not activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 338 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 339 Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. Figure. 4.6.1 - 211. All works properly, no faults. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 340 (secondary circuit fault) continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. This means that the function supervises both the primary and the secondary circuit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 341 Figure. 4.6.1 - 215. Low current and heavy unbalance. If all of the measured phase magnitudes are below the I low limit setting, the function is not activated even when the other conditions (inc. the unbalance condition) are met. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 342 When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. Figure. 4.6.1 - 217. Broken secondary phase current wiring. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 343 Figure. 4.6.1 - 218. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. Figure. 4.6.1 - 219. Primary side high-impedance earth fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 344: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    Voltage transformer supervision is used to detect errors in the secondary circuit of the voltage transformer wiring and during fuse failure. This signal is mostly used as an alarming function or to disable functions that require adequate voltage measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 345 The function also monitors the angle of each voltage channel. Table. 4.6.2 - 274. Measurement inputs of the voltage transformer supervision function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 346 All of the voltages are within the set limits BUT BUT the voltages are in a reversed Bus Live VTS Ok SEQ Rev sequence. Bus Live VTS Ok SEQ Voltages are within the set limits BUT BUT the sequence cannot be defined. Undef © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 347 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 348 ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.6.2 - 278. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 349: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    The "Trip contact" setting defines the output that triggers the current monitoring at the breaker's "Open" command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 350 The circuit breaker characteristics are set by two operating points, defined by the nominal breaking current, the maximum allowed breaking current and their respective operation settings. This data is provided by the circuit breaker's manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 351 Let us examine the settings, using a low-duty vacuum circuit breaker as an example. The image below presents the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, with the data relevant to our settings highlighted in red: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 352 Current 1 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations Enable Alarm 2 Enabled Alarm 2 Set 100 operations © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 353 CBWEAR1 Alarm 2 OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 354: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    Figure. 4.6.4 - 224. THD calculation formulas. While both of these formulas exist, the power ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEEE, and the amplitude ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEC. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 355 Table. 4.6.4 - 287. General settings. Name Range Default Description Measurement • Amplitude Defines which available measured magnitude the function Amplitude magnitude • Power uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 356 The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 357 The function's outputs can be used for direct I/O controlling and user logic programming. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 358: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    The maximum sample rate of the recorder's analog channels is 64 samples per cycle. The recorder also supports 95 digital channels simultaneously with the twenty (20) measured analog channels. Maximum capacity of recordings is 100. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 359 F tracked 2 Tracked frequency of reference 2 F tracked 3 Tracked frequency of reference 3 ISup Current measurement module voltage supply supervision (CT card 1) ISup'' Current measurement module voltage supply supervision (CT card 2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 360 Pha.curr.ILx TRMS Pri ILx (IL1, IL2, IL3) IL2, IL3) Phase angle ILx (IL1, Positive/Negative/Zero sequence Pha.angle ILx Pos./Neg./Zero seq.curr. IL2, IL3) current Phase current ILx (IL1, Sec.Pos./Neg./Zero Secondary positive/negative/zero Pha.curr.ILx IL2, IL3) seq.curr. sequence current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 361 System volt ULx mag(kV) ULx in kilovolts (U1, U2, U3, U4) Secondary Ux voltage Angle of the system voltage ULx Ux Volt TRMS sec TRMS (U1, U2, U3, System volt ULx ang (U1, U2, U3, U4) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 362 Secondary residual reactive current current ILx (IL1, IL2, Current Pri. Current Sec. I0x (I01, I02) IL3) Power, GYB, frequency Lx power factor (L1, Lx PF Curve x Input Input of Curve x (1, 2, 3, 4) L2, L3) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 363 Enable f based functions frequency-based protection component (Pri) component I01 functions are enabled. Table. 4.6.5 - 296. Digital recording channels – Binary signals. Signal Description Signal Description Digital input 1...11 Timer x Output Output of Timer 1...10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 364 See calculation examples below in the section titled "Estimating the maximum length of total recording time". Table. 4.6.5 - 297. Recorder control settings. Name Range Description Recorder • Enabled Enables and disables the disturbance recorder function. enabled • Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 365 Selects the trigger input(s). Clicking the "Edit" button brings up a pop-up window, and checking the trigger boxes enable the selected triggers. Table. 4.6.5 - 299. Recorder settings. Name Range Default Description Recording length 0.100...1800.000s 1s Sets the length of a recording. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 366 However, if the user wishes to confirm this calculation, they can do so with the following formula. Please note that the formula assumes there are no other files in the FTP that share the 64 MB space. Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 367 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or device HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 368 ) . Alternatively, the user can load the recordings individually ( Disturbance recorder → DR List ) from a folder in the PC's hard disk drive; the exact location of the folder is described in Tools → Settings → DR path . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 369: Event Logger

    Version: 2.12 The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below.

  • Page 370: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 371 V V olta oltage mea ge measur surements ements L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Res.Curr.I01 TRMS Pri U1Volt Pri L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.Curr.I02 TRMS Pri U2Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL1 U3Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL2 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 372 Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Pha.L2 pow. THD U2Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Pha.L3 pow. THD U3Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 373 S2 Measurement I” Pri.Neg.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL31 ang S3 Measurement I” Pri.Zero.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res.Curr.I”01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res.Curr.I”02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 374 L1 Exp.Active Energy kWh Curve1 Input Pha.IL”2 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy MWh Curve1 Output Pha.IL”3 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy kWh Curve2 Input Pha.IL”1 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Curve2 Output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 375: Measurement Value Recorder

    ). The resetting of the fault values is done by the input selected in the General menu. Function keeps 12 latest recordings in memory. Recordings can be viewed in the HMI if "Fault registers" view has been added with "Carousel designer" tool. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 376 , harmonic 15 , harmonic 17 , harmonic 19 harmonic current. The positive sequence current, the negative sequence current and the zero I1, I2, I0Z sequence current. I0CalcMag The residual current calculated from phase currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 377 The conductances, susceptances and admittances. YL1, YL2, YL3, Y0 YL1angle, YL2angle, YL3angle The admittance angles. Y0angle Others Others Descrip Description tion System f. The tracking frequency in use at that moment. Ref f1 The reference frequency 1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 378 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 379 • U1/2 >>>> Trip • U0> Trip • U0>> Trip • U0>>> Trip • U0>>>> Trip • A-G • B-G • A-B Overcurrent fault type • C-G The overcurrent fault type. • A-C • B-C • A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 380 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp. Table. 4.6.8 - 303. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 381: Communica A Tion

    Ethernet connection. Virtual Ethernet has its own separate IP address and network configurations. All Ethernet-based protocol servers listen for client connections on the IP addresses of both the physical Ethernet and the Virtual Ethernet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 382 Bitrate used by serial fiber channels. • 38400bps Databits 7...8 Databits used by serial fiber channels. • None Parity • Even Paritybits used by serial fiber channels. • Odd Stopbits 1...2 Stopbits used by serial fiber channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 383: Time Synchronization

    Time synchronization source can be selected with "Time synchronization" parameter in the "General" menu. Table. 5.2 - 309. General time synchronization source settings. Name Range Description • Internal • External NTP Time synchronization source • External serial Selection of time synchronization source. • IRIG-B • © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 384: Internal

    Displays the status of the NTP time synchronization at the moment. • No sync NTP quality for events NOTE TE: : This indication is not valid if another time synchronization • Synchronized method is used (external serial). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 385: Communication Protocols

    AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC 61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: • Up to six data sets (predefined data sets can be edited with the IEC 61850 tool in AQtivate) •...
  • Page 386 1 deg measurement deadband settings for this measurement. Determines the integration time of the protocol. If Integration time 0…10 000 ms 0 ms this parameter is set to "0 ms", no integration time is in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 387: Goose

    → AQ 200 series → Resources). 5.3.1.1 GOOSE Arcteq devices support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.

  • Page 388: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    • Write multiple holding registers (function code 16) • Read/Write multiple registers (function code 23) The following data can be accessed using both Modbus/TCP and Modbus/RTU: • Device measurements • Device I/O • Commands • Events © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 389: Iec 103

    TE: Once the configuration file has been loaded, the IEC 103 map of the device can be found in the AQtivate software ( Tools → IEC 103 map ). The following table presents the setting parameters for the IEC 103 protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 390: Iec 101/104

    Table. 5.3.4 - 320. IEC 104 settings. Name Range Step Default Description IEC 104 • Disabled Disabled Enables and disables the IEC 104 communication protocol. enable • Enabled IP port 0…65 535 2404 Defines the IP port used by the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 391 Table. 5.3.4 - 322. Analog change deadband settings. Name Range Step Default Description Determines the general data reporting General deadband 0.1…10.0% 0.1% deadband settings. Determines the data reporting deadband Active energy deadband 0.1…1000.0kWh 0.1kWh 2kWh settings for this measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 392: Spa

    If enabled it is assumed that UTC time is used. • Enabled sync When UTC time is used the timezone must be set at Commands → Set time zone . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 393: Dnp3

    Counts the total number of errors in received and sent - Error 0…2 messages. counter Diagnostic Counts the total number of transmitted messages. 0…2 Transmitted messages Diagnostic - Received Counts the total number of received messages. 0…2 messages © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 394 Determines the general data reporting General deadband 0.1…10.0% 0.1% deadband settings. Active energy deadband 0.1…1000.0kWh 0.1kWh 2kWh Reactive Determines the data reporting deadband 0.1…1000.0kVar 0.1kVar 2kVar energy deadband settings for this measurement. Active power deadband 0.1…1000.0kW 0.1kW © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 395: Modbus I/O

    "0", the selected module is not in use. Module x • ADAM-4018+ Selects the module type. type • ADAM-4015 Channel Channels in 0…Channel 7 (or Selects the number of channels to be used by the module. None) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 396: Analog Fault Registers

    The real measurement update delay depends on the used communication protocol and equipment used. Up to ten (10) magnitudes can be selected. The recorded value can be either a per- unit value or a primary value (set by the user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 397 U1 Pos.seq V Ang, U2 Neg.seq V Positive and negative sequence angles. Powers S3PH P3PH Three-phase apparent, active and reactive power. Q3PH SL1, SL2, SL3, PL1, PL2, PL3, Phase apparent, active and reactive powers. QL1, QL2, QL3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 398 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM module). Settings Table. 5.5 - 331. Settings. Name Range Step Default Description Measurement • Disabled Activates and disables the real-time signals value recorder Disabled • Activated to communication. mode © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 399 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - The unit depends on the selected 000.000 magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per- unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 400: Connections And Applica A Tion Examples

    Version: 2.12 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-G215 Figure. 6.1 - 230. AQ-G215 application example with function block diagram. 6.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the generator protection relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd...

  • Page 401: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series device with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 402: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 403 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 404 (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the device's trip output. Figure. 6.4 - 236. Trip circuit supervision with one DI and one latched output contact. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 405 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. Figure. 6.4 - 237. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 406: Construction And Installation Tion

    In field upgrades, therefore, add-on modules must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 407 An alarm is also issued if the device expects to find a module here but does not find one. 5. Scan Scans Slot D and finds the five channels of the CT module (fixed for AQ-X215). If the CTM is not found, the device issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 408: Cpu Module

    Slot C. It also has a total of 10 digital output channels available: five (DO1…DO5) in the CPU module, and five (DO6…DO10) in Slot E. These same principles apply to all non-standard configurations in the AQ-X215 devices. 7.2 CPU module Figure. 7.2 - 240. CPU module. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 409 The auxiliary voltage is defined in the ordering code: the available power supply models available are A (80…265 VAC/DC) and B (18…75 DC). For further details, please refer to the "Auxiliary voltage" chapter in the "Technical data" section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 410 Description of the digital input. This description is used in several description DIx menu types for easier identification. 1...31 characters User editable Description of the digital output. This description is used in several OUTx description OUTx menu types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 411: Current Measurement Module

    1 A and 5 A, which provide ±0.5 % inaccuracy when the range is 0.005…4 × I The measurement ranges are as follows: • Phase currents 25 mA…250 A (RMS) • Coarse residual current 5 mA…150 A (RMS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 412: Voltage Measurement Module

    • The measurement range is 0.5…480.0 V per channel. • The angle measurement inaccuracy is less than ± 0.5 degrees within the nominal range. • The frequency measurement range of the voltage inputs is 6…1800 Hz with standard hardware. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 413: Option Cards

    DIx + 3 DIx + 4 Common earthing for the first four digital inputs. DIx + 5 DIx + 6 DIx + 7 DIx + 8 X 10 Common earthing for the other four digital inputs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 414 "DIx Activation threshold" parameter. Displays the number of times the digital input has changed 0…2 –1 Counter its status from 0 to 1. DIx Clear • - Resets the DIx counter value to zero. counter • Clear © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 415 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 7.5.1 - 337. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 416: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital output module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. Digital output descriptions Option card outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 417: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    Light sensor channels 1…4 with positive ("+"), sensor ("S") and earth connectors. HSO2 (+, NO) Common battery positive terminal (+) for the HSOs. HSO1 (+, NO) Binary input 1 (+ pole) Binary input 1 ( – pole) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 418 BI1, HSO1 and HSO2 are not visible in the Binary inputs and Binary outputs menus ( Control → Device I/O ), they can only be programmed in the arc matrix menu ( Protection → Arc protection → I/O → Direct output control and HSO control ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 419: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 420: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.5.4 - 248. RTD sensor connection types. 7.5.5 Serial RS-232 communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.5 - 249. Serial RS-232 module connectors. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 421 Clock synchronization input (supports IRIG-B). Clock sync The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/glass, plastic/plastic, glass/plastic and plastic/glass options, COM F is an RS-232 interface. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 422: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Communication port D, 100 Mbps LC fiber connector. • RJ-45 connectors COM D: • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode (glass). • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX • Wavelength 1300 nm. Both cards support both HSR and PRP protocols. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 423: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Up to 2 km This option cards supports redundant ring configuration and multidrop configurations. Please note that each ring can only contain AQ-200 series devices, and any third party devices must be connected to a separate ring. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 424: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    Figure. 7.5.7 - 252. Example of a multidrop configuration. 7.5.8 Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.8 - 253. Double RJ-45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Connector Description Two-pin connector • IRIG-B input © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 425: Milliampere Output (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX This option card supports multidrop configurations. Figure. 7.5.8 - 254. Example of a multidrop configuration. 7.5.9 Milliampere output (mA) I/O module (optional) Figure. 7.5.9 - 255. Milliampere output (mA) I/O module connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 426: Dimensions And Installation

    (¼) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of four devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 427 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 256. Device dimensions. Figure. 7.6 - 257. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 428 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 258. Panel cutout dimensions and device spacing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 429: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    < ±0.2° (I> 0.1 A) Angle measurement inaccuracy < ±1.0° (I≤ 0.1 A) Burden (50/60 Hz) <0.1 VA Transient overreach <8 % Coarse residual current input (I01) Rated current I 1 A (configurable 0.1…10 A) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 430 Max 8mm diameter, with minimum 3,5mm screw hole NOTICE! TICE! Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50/60 Hz. The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 431: Voltage Measurement

    The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. 8.1.1.3 Voltage memory Table. 8.1.1.3 - 343. Technical data for the voltage memory function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 432: Power And Energy Measurement

    3 VA secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6…75 Hz 0.5% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) as standard Energy and power metering 0.2% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) option available (see the order code for inaccuracy details) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 433: Frequency Measurement

    < 7 W (no option cards) Power consumption < 15 W (maximum number of option cards) Maximum permitted interrupt time < 60 ms with 110 VDC DC ripple < 15 % Other Minimum recommended fuse rating MCB C2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 434: Cpu Communication Ports

    Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features IEC 61850 IEC 104 Modbus/TCP Port protocols DNP3 Telnet Data transfer rate 100 MB/s System integration Can be used for system protocols and for local programming © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 435: Cpu Digital Inputs

    8.1.2.4 CPU digital outputs Table. 8.1.2.4 - 353. Digital outputs (Normally Open) Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 30 A Make and carry 3 s 15 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 436: Option Cards

    8.1.3.1 Digital input module Table. 8.1.3.1 - 355. Technical data for the digital input module. General information Spare part code #SP-200-DI8 Compatibility AQ-200 series models Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 5…265 V (AC/DC) Current drain 2 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 437: Digital Output Module

    220 VDC 0.2 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Terminal block connection Screw connection terminal block (standard) Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/10-ST-5,08 Spring cage terminals block (option) Phoenix Contact FKC 2,5/10-STF-5,08 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 438: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module

    Breaking capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) 1 A/110 W Control rate 5 ms Operation delay <1 ms Polarity Normally Off Contact material Semiconductor Table. 8.1.3.3 - 359. Binary input channel Rated values Voltage withstand 265 VDC © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 439: Milliampere Output Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA Update cycle 5...10 000 ms, setting step 5 ms Response time @ 5 ms cycle ~ 15 ms (13...18 ms) Update cycle time inaccuracy Max. +20 ms above the set cycle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 440: Rtd Input Module

    Table. 8.1.3.6 - 363. Technical data for the RS-232 & serial fiber communication module. General information PP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PP PG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PG GP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GP GG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GG © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 441: Double Lc 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module

    8.1.3.8 Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module Table. 8.1.3.8 - 365. Technical data for the double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. General information Spare part code #SP-2XX-2XST Compatibility AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Dimensions 74 mm X 179 mm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 442: Display

    Table. 8.1.4 - 366. Technical data for the HMI LCD display. General information Spare part code #SP-200-DISP Compatibility AQ-200 series models Dimensions and resolution Number of dots/resolution 320 x 160 Size 84.78 × 49.90 mm (3.34 × 1.96 in) Display Type of display Color Monochrome © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 443: Functions

    <35 ms (typically 25 ms) ratio = 1.05…3 <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 444: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio > 3.5 <50 ms (typically 35 ms) ratio = 1.05…3.5 <55 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 445: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time: I ratio > 3 ±1.0 % or ±20 ms - Definite time: I ratio = 1.05…3 ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 446: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input (selectable) Residual voltage calculated from U RMS residual voltage U Voltage input magnitudes Calculated RMS residual voltage U Pick-up Unearthed (Varmetric 90°) Characteristic direction Petersen coil GND (Wattmetric 180°) Earthed (Adjustable sector) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 447: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    (I2>; 46/46R/46L) Table. 8.2.1.5 - 371. Technical data for the current unbalance function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Positive sequence current (I1) Current input calculations Negative sequence current (I2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 448: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Residual current channel I (Coarse) Residual current channel I (Fine) Pick-up Harmonic selection , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 or 19 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 449 Tripping: When using the harmonic overcurrent stage for tripping, please ensure that the operation time is set to 20 ms (DT) or longer to avoid nuisance tripping caused by the above-mentioned reasons. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 450: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    8.2.1.8 Overvoltage protection (U>; 59) Table. 8.2.1.8 - 374. Technical data for the overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages Pick-up 1 voltage Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 451: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages Pick-up 1 voltage Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages 0.00…120.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Low voltage block © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 452: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    8.2.1.10 Neutral overvoltage protection (U0>; 59N) Table. 8.2.1.10 - 376. Technical data for the neutral overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input (selectable) Residual voltage calculated from U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 453: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Positive sequence voltage (I1) Voltage input calculations Negative sequence voltage (I2) Pick-up Pick-up setting 5.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: - Voltage ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 454: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    7.00…65.00 Hz, setting step 0.01 Hz Inaccuracy (sampling mode): ±20 mHz (50/60 Hz fixed frequency) - Fixed ±20 mHz (U > 30 V secondary) - Tracking ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 455: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    7.00…65.00 Hz, setting step 0.01 Hz Pick-up inaccuracy ±5.0 %I or ±20 mHz/s Df/dt ±15 mHz (U > 30 V secondary) Frequency ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) Operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 456: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s operating time setting Inaccuracy: - Definite time (P ratio ±1.0 % or ±35 ms 1.05→) Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): <40 ms - PQS /PQS ratio 1.05→ © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 457: Machine Thermal Overload Protection (Tm>; 49M)

    Selectable between °C and °F Linear or manually set curve Ambient temperature effect k min. and max. range 0.01...5.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I Ambient temperature min. and max. range –60…500 deg, setting step 1 deg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 458: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    8.2.1.17 Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection (Iv>; 51V) Table. 8.2.1.17 - 383. Technical data for the voltage-restrained overcurrent protection function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Current input magnitudes RMS phase currents © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 459: Stator Earth Fault Protection (U03Rd>; 64S)

    Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current input calculation Positive sequence current (I1) Voltage inputs Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input magnitude Zero sequence voltage third harmonic © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 460: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    Table. 8.2.1.19 - 385. Technical data for the power factor protection function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Calculated measurement Three-phase power factor Pick-up Pick-up setting 0.00…0.99, setting step 0.01 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 461: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (VHZ /VHZ ratio 1.05) ±1.0 % or ±25 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): - VHZ /VHZ ratio 1.05) <40 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 462: Underexcitation Protection (Q<; 40)

    Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms NOTICE! TICE! Voltage measurement starts from 0.5 V and current measurement from 50 mA. If either or both are missing the reactive power measurement is 0 kVar. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 463: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    Starting inaccuracy (IArc> and I0Arc>) × I setting. Point sensor detection radius 180 degrees Operation time Light only: - Semiconductor outputs HSO1 and Typically 7 ms (3…12 ms) HSO2 Typically 10 ms (6.5…15 ms) - Regular relay outputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 464: Control Functions

    Circuit breaker with withdrawable cart Supported object types Disconnector (MC) Disconnector (GND) Signals Digital inputs Input signals Software signals Close command output Output signals Open command output Operation time Breaker traverse time setting 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 465: Indicator Object Monitoring

    0.05…30.00°, setting step 0.01° Inaccuracy: - Voltage angle ±30% overreach or 1.00 ° Low-voltage blocking 0.01…100.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: - Voltage ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 466: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    0.10…100.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U U live > limit U dead < limit 0.00…100.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U NOTICE! TICE! The minimum voltage for direction and frequency solving is 20.0 %U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 467: Monitoring Functions

    <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) 8.2.3.2 Voltage transformer supervision (60) Table. 8.2.3.2 - 396. Technical data for the voltage transformer supervision function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 468: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    0…200 000 operations, setting step 1 operation Inaccuracy Inaccuracy for current/operations counter: 0.1× I > I < 2 × I ±0.2 % of the measured current, rest 0.5 % - Current measurement element - Operation counter ±0.5 % of operations deducted © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 469: Current Total Harmonic Distortion

    Table. 8.2.3.5 - 399. Technical data for the disturbance recorder function. Recorded values Recorder 0…20 channels analog channels Freely selectable 0…95 channels Recorder digital Freely selectable analog and binary signals channels 5 ms sample rate (FFT) Performance Sample rate 8, 16, 32 or 64 samples/cycle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 470: Event Logger

    = 80….1 000 MHz, 10 V/m EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-3 Conducted RF field: f = 150 kHz….80 MHz, 10 V (RMS) EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-6 Table. 8.3 - 402. Voltage tests. Dielectric voltage test © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 471 Table. 8.3 - 405. Environmental conditions. IP classes IP54 (front) Casing protection class IP21 (rear) Temperature ranges Ambient service temperature range –35…+70 °C Transport and storage temperature range –40…+70 °C Other Altitude <2000 m Overvoltage category Pollution degree © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 472 Height: 117 mm (4U) Dimensions Width: 127 mm (¼ rack) Depth: 174 mm (no cards & connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 170 mm Dimensions Width: 242 mm Depth: 219 mm Weight 2 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 473: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    Instruction manual Version: 2.12 9 Ordering information Accessories Order Descrip Description tion Not t e e code code External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module, pre- Requires an external 24 VDC AX007 configured supply. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 474 Max. cable length 200 m AQ-02B Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux threshold) Max. cable length 200 m AQ-02C Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux threshold) Max. cable length 200 m © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 475: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.com Technical support: arcteq.com/support-login +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

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