P92 LSA Flight Manual FLIGHT MANUAL US-LSA P92 Echo MK2 Manufacturer COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE TECNAM S.p.A. Serial number: ________________ Build year: ___________________ Registration: __________________ Introduction This manual contains information to be furnished to the pilot as required by the FAA in addition to further information supplied by the manufacturer.
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New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left-hand margin; Log of Revisions Revision No. Date released Chapters Approved By 30/07/2020 TECNAM 09/11/2020 TECNAM 03/05/2021 2, 4 TECNAM 07/06/2021 TECNAM...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Introduction ................................63 Aircraft Inspection Periods............................63 Aircraft Alterations or Repairs ..........................63 Ground Handling ..............................63 7.3.1 Towing ................................63 7.3.2 Parking and Tiedown ............................63 7.3.3 Jacking ................................63 7.3.4 Leveling ................................63 7.3.5 Road Transport ............................... 63 7.3.6 Cleaning and Care ............................
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P92 LSA Flight Manual WARNINGS - CAUTIONS - NOTES The following definitions apply to warnings, cautions and notes used in the Flight Manual. WARNING Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to an immediate or important degradation of the flight safety CAUTION Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to a minor or to a more or less long-term degradation...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Abbreviations & Terminology Airspeed Terminology KCAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicated airspeed corrected for position and instrument error and expressed in knots. KIAS Indicated Airspeed is the speed shown on the airspeed indicator and expressed in knots. KTAS True Airspeed is the airspeed expressed in knots relative to undisturbed air, which is KCAS, corrected for altitude and temperature.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Airplane Performance and Flight Planning Terminology Crosswind is the velocity of the crosswind component for which adequate control of the airplane Velocity during takeoff and landing is guaranteed Usable fuel is the fuel available for flight planning Unusable fuel is the quantity of fuel that cannot be safely used in flight is the acceleration of gravity...
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 1 GENERAL 1.1 Introduction The P92 is a twin seat, single engine light aircraft with a strut braced high wing and tricycle fixed landing gear with steerable nose wheel. It is an ASTM compliant airplane designed to be flown by sport pilot rated pilots as well as higher rated pilots. This aircraft is designed and built in Italy and as such, was built using the metric system.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual THREE VIEW DRAWING Figure 1-1 General Views Wing Span 8.77 m (28.77 ft) Length 6.81 m (22.34 ft) Tail height 2.66 m (8.72 ft) Propeller ground clearance 336 mm (1.10 ft) Rev.0...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.3 Descriptive Data 1.3.1 Airframe 1.3.1.1 Wing Wing Span 8.77 m (28.77 ft) Wing Area 12.1 m (130.24 ft Aspect Ratio 6.35 Mean geometric chord 1.40 m (4.59 ft) 1.3.1.2 Fuselage Overall length 6.81 m (22.34 ft) Overall height 2.66 m (8.72 ft) 1.3.1.3...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.5 Weights 1.5.1 Maximum Weights 1.5.2 Standard Weights Empty weight 380 kg (837.78) 1.5.3 Specific Loadings Wing loading 49.6 kg/m Power loading 6.1 kg/hp NOTE Standard weights are estimates based on standard equipment. 1.6 Standard Equipment 1.6.1 Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, Vertical Speed Indicator, Compass 1.6.2 Engine instruments...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.7 Airframe 1.7.1 Wing The wing is of a rectangular planform, with a small tapering of the leading edge near the cabin, allowing an improved visibility, also in steep turn. Its structure consists of a single spar metal torsion box. The aircraft is equipped with half-span slot flaps, with the flap hinge positioned on the lower part of the wing.
1.7.5 Instrument Panel Fig. 1-2 Instrument Panel 1.7.6 Seats The Pilot and co-pilot seats are characterized by aluminium manufactured by Tecnam. It is covered by a cushion and connected to the fuselage structure. 1.7.7 Doors Two doors are provided on pilot and co-pilot side. Since the propeller is located on the nose of the aircraft and there are not chances to endanger persons using those exits, the doors are also considered as emergency exits.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.8 Powerplant 1.8.1 Engine Rotax is an Austrian engine manufacturer, founded in 1920 in Dresden, Germany. In 1970 Bombardier bought Rotax. The company constructed only two-stroke engines until 1982, when it started building four-stroke engines. In 1989, Rotax received Type Certification for its 912 A aircraft engine.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.9 Electrical System The electric system installed on P92 MkII is characterized by a rated voltage of 13.5 V DC furnished by a generator of 250 W DC. A 12-volts battery with a capacity of 18 Amph furnishes the power needed for aircraft start up and a reserve energy in case of anomalies to the generator.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.10 Landing Gear The main landing gear is realized with simple steel spring-leaves, 5.00x5 wheel and tires, disc brakes, renowed for their operational record of effectiveness and safety. Figure 1-5 Main landing gear The nose gear features a steerable wheel with a rubber doughnut shock absorber. Figure 1-6 Nose landing gear Flight without wheel fairings can be conducted without significantly affect aircraft NOTE...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 1.10.1 Brake System The brake system consists of an independent hydraulically actuated brake system, one for each main wheel, and is composed of the following items: 2 brake calipers, located on the inner sides of the main wheels, 4 master cylinders located on the back side of co-pilot pedals, and 1 parking brake valve located downstream the master cylinders, used to trap a column of fluid between the valve itself and the brake calipers to firmly stop the wheels.
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 2 OPERATING LIMITATIONS 2 Introduction Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for safe operation of the P92, its engine, standard systems and standard equipment. 2.1.1 Airspeed Limitations Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown below: SPEED KCAS KIAS REMARKS...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 2.1.8 Lubricant Use viscosity grade oil as specified in the following table: 2.1.9 Coolant Coolant type and specifications are detailed into the “Rotax Operator’s Manual” and in its related documents. 2.1.10 Propellers MANUFACTURER Sensenich Propeller MODEL: W68T2ET-70J TYPE Wood twin blade fixed pitch...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 2.1.13 Powerplant Instrument Markings Powerplant instrument markings and their color code significance are shown below: Red line Green arc Yellow arc Red line Instrument Minimum limit Normal operating Caution Maximum limit Engine -------- 1410-5500 5500-5800 5800 Propeller ---- 580 - 2265...
P92 LSA Flight Manual Warning Limit load factor could be exceeded by moving abruptly flight controls at their end run at a speed above V (Maneuvering Speed). 2.1.18 Maneuvering Load Factor Limits Maneuvering load factors are as follows: Flaps Positive Negative 0°...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 2.1.24 Demonstrated Crosswind Safe Operations Demonstrated crosswind component is 15 knots. 2.1.25 Maximum operating altitude Maximum operating altitude is 14000 ft (4260 m) MSL. 2.1.26 Limitation Placards See Section 8 Rev.0...
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 3 WEIGHT & BALANCE 3 Introduction This section describes the procedure for establishing the basic empty weight and moment of the aircraft. Loading procedure information is also provided. 3.1 Aircraft weighing procedures 3.1.1 Preparation Carry out weighing procedure inside closed hangar ...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 3.2 Weighing report Model P92____________S/N __________________ Date ________________ Datum: Propeller support flange w/o spacer. - Equipment list, date: _____ meters Nose wheel weight W Plumb bob distance LH wheel LH wheel weight Plumb bob distance RH wheel RH wheel weight Average distance (A Bob distance from nose wheel...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 3.2.1 Center of Gravity Limits Forward limit 19% MAC for all weights Aft limit 30% MAC for all weights Datum Propeller support flange without spacer Bubble Level Cabin floor 3.2.2 Distances from the datum The mean distances of the occupants, baggage and fuel from the datum are: Figure 3-1 Rev.0...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 3.3 Weight and Balance In order to compute the weight and balance of this aircraft, we have provided the following loading charts. This will reduce the amount of math you need. To compute weight and balance use the formula: Weight * Arm = Moment.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual To compute weight and balance: Get moments from loading charts Obtain the empty weight and moment from the most recent weight and balance Insert the weights and the moments for fuel, occupants and baggage from the previous chart Total the weight and the moment columns Divide the total moment by the total weight to get the arm Check that the total weight does not exceed maximum gross weight of 1320 pounds...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 3.3.1 Loading Baggage compartment is designed for a maximum load of 20 kg. Baggage size shall prevent excessive loading of utility shelf (maximum pressure 12.5 kg/dm ). Maximum baggage size is: 80x45x32 cm . Baggage shall be secured using a tie-down net to prevent any baggage movement during maneuvers.
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 4 PERFORMANCE 4 Introduction This section provides all necessary data for accurate and comprehensive planning of flight activity from takeoff to landing. Data reported in graphs and/or tables were determined using: “Flight test data” with conditions as prescribed by ASTM and bilateral agreements ...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 4.4 Stall Speeds Weight: 600 kg Throttle Levers: IDLE CG: Most Forward (23%) No ground effect TALL PEED NGLE 0° LAPS LAPS LAPS [deg] KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS NOTE Altitude loss during conventional stall recovery as demonstrated during test flights is approximately 200ft with banking under 20°.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 4.6 Takeoff Performance Weight = 600 kg Corrections Headwind: - 2.5m for each kt (8 ft/kt) Flaps: T/O Tailwind: + 10m for each kt (33ft/kt) Speed at Lift-Off = 45 KIAS Paved Runway: - 6% to Ground Roll Speed Over 50ft Obstacle = 50 KIAS Runway slope: + 5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Throttle Lever: Full Forward...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Weight = 550 kg Corrections Headwind: - 2.5m for each kt (8 ft/kt) Flaps: T/O Tailwind: + 10m for each kt (33ft/kt) Speed at Lift-Off = 42 KIAS Paved Runway: - 6% to Ground Roll Speed Over 50ft Obstacle = 47 KIAS Runway slope: + 5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Throttle Lever: Full Forward Runway: Grass...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Weight = 500 kg Corrections Headwind: - 2.5m for each kt (8 ft/kt) Flaps: T/O Tailwind: + 10m for each kt (33ft/kt) Speed at Lift-Off = 40 KIAS Paved Runway: - 6% to Ground Roll Speed Over 50ft Obstacle = 44 KIAS Runway slope: + 5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Throttle Lever: Full Forward Runway: Grass...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 4.7 Landing Distance Weight = 600 kg Corrections Headwind: - 5m for each kt (16 ft/kt) Flaps: LAND Tailwind: + 11m for each kt (36ft/kt) Final Approach Speed = 50 KIAS Paved Runway: - 2% to Ground Roll Throttle Levers: Idle Runway slope: - 2.5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Runway: Grass...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Weight = 550 kg Corrections Headwind: - 5m for each kt (16 ft/kt) Flaps: LAND Tailwind: + 11m for each kt (36ft/kt) Short Final Approach Speed = 47 KIAS Paved Runway: - 2% to Ground Roll Throttle Levers: Idle Runway slope: - 2.5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Runway: Grass...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Weight = 500 kg Corrections Headwind: - 5m for each kt (16 ft/kt) Flaps: LAND Tailwind: + 11m for each kt (36ft/kt) Short Final Approach Speed = 45 KIAS Paved Runway: - 2% to Ground Roll Throttle Levers: Idle Runway slope: - 2.5% to Ground Roll for each +1% Runway: Grass...
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 5 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Introduction Section 5 includes checklists and detailed procedures to be used in the event of emergencies. Emergencies caused by a malfunction of the aircraft or engine are extremely rare if appropriate maintenance and pre-flight inspections are carried out.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 5.1 Engine Failures If an emergency arises, the basic guidelines described in this section should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the problem. 5.1.1 Engine Failures on Ground 5.1.1.1 ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF RUN Throttle: ..................
P92 LSA Flight Manual 5.1.2.4 OIL PRESSURE LIMITS EXCEEDANCE If oil pressure exceeds upper limit (7 bar): Throttle Lever:................REDUCE engine power as practical Oil pressure and oil temperature: ..........CHECK within limits Land as soon as practical If oil pressure is under the lower limit (0.8 bar): Throttle: ..................
P92 LSA Flight Manual 5.7 Recovery from Unintentional Spin If unintentional spin occurs, the following recovery procedure should be used: Throttle: ..................IDLE Flap:................... UP Rudder: ..................FULL, IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION OF THE SPIN Stick: ..................FORWARD As the spin stops: Rudder: ..................
P92 LSA Flight Manual 5.9 Trim System Failure 5.9.1 LOCKED CONTROL Should trim control be inoperative, act as follows: Breakers ..................CHECK Trim switch LH/RH ..............CHECK FOR CORRECT POSITION Speed ..................ADJUST SPEED TO CONTROL AIRCRAFT WITHOUT EXCESSIVE STICK FORCE Land aircraft as soon as possible 5.9.2 RUNAWAY In event of trim runaway, act as follows:...
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 6 NORMAL PROCEDURES 6 Introduction Section 6 contains checklists and the procedures for normal operation. 6.1 Checklist Procedures 6.1.1 Pre-Flight Inspection Before each flight, it is necessary to carry out a complete inspection of the aircraft starting with an external inspection followed by an internal inspection.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual FIG. 6-1 Left hand fuel filler cap: check visually for desired fuel level and secure. Left tank vent: check for obstructions. Remove protection cap and check pitot mounted on left strut is unobstructed, do not blow inside vents, place protection cap inside aircraft.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Nose wheel strut and tire: check inflation 11 psi (0.8 bar), tire condition and condition of rubber shock absorber discs. Propeller and spinner condition: check for nicks and security. Open engine cowling and perform the following checklist: Check no foreign objects are present.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual 6.1.1.4 STARTING ENGINE Throttle: ..................IDLE Choke: ..................AS NEEDED Fuel selector valve: ..............SELECT THE TANK WITH LESS FUEL Electric fuel pump: ..............ON Check the green light FUEL PUMP ON is activated on the annunciator panel Propeller area: ................
P92 LSA Flight Manual SECTION 7 GROUND HANDLING & SERVICE 7 Introduction This section contains factory-recommended procedures for proper ground handling and routine care and servicing. It also identifies certain inspection and maintenance requirements, which must be followed if the aircraft is to retain its new-plane performance and dependability.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 7.3.6 Cleaning and Care To clean painted surfaces, use a mild detergent such as shampoo normally used for car finish; use a soft cloth for drying. The plastic windshield and windows should never be dusted when dry; use lukewarm soapy water and dry using chamois only.
P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 8 PLACARDS & MARKINGS 8 PLACARDS & MARKINGS 8.1.1 Magnetic compass compensation table To compensate the deviation errors of the magnetic compass, the following correction table is located just below the compass: Steer Steer DATE RADIO ON AIRPATH 8.1.2 Engine throttle friction...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 8.1.4 Trim switch The trim switch control is located on the right area of the annunciator panel. The following placard is positioned just above of it. 8.1.5 Breakers Breakers are located on the right side of the instrument panel and each breaker is individually marked as follows: Depending on the specific equipment installed on the a/c, the type and position of the breakers could vary from the above shown.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 8.1.6 Flaps The flap control switch is located on the lower portion of the instrument panel. The following placards are just next to it. 8.1.7 Generator, Master, Starter On the lower left part of the instrument panel are located, in order: The starter, marked with a placard: For the generator and master switches: 8.1.8 Choke...
P92 LSA Flight Manual 8.1.10 Fuel selector valve Fuel shutoff valve is located on central section of cockpit panel. It controls the fuel coming from the tanks making the pilot able to switch LEFT TANK, RIGHT TANK and OFF. 8.1.11 Baggage compartment A placard indicating the maximum weight and the maximum pressure of the baggage’s retain harnesses is present into the baggage compartment.
P92 LSA Flight Manual 8.1.13 Identification plate The following placards, made of stainless steel, are located on the pilot side of the empennage forward of the stabilator (1) and on the fire wall (2). SERIAL NUMBER ________________ MODEL _________________________ DATE ____/____/__________________ ENGINE _________________________ CERTIFICATE N.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 9 SUPPLEMENT LIST 9 SUPPLEMENT LIST 9.1 Introduction This Section concerns the supplemental manuals of additional (or optional) instrumentation equipping the P92 and/or information and limitations related to installed equipment configuration or needed to fit local national rules. 9.2 Supplements list Aircraft S/N: Registration marks:...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Feedback Form Send your comments to: In the USA: Tecnam North America Headquarters 7511 Airfield Drive, Box 8 Richmond, VA 23237 1-888-359-4682 www.tecnam.net info@tecnam.net (770) 309-4155 Italian Address: www.tecnam.com COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE TECNAM s.r.l. Via Maiorise 81043 Capua (CE) - ITALY ...
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New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left-hand margin; Log of Revisions Revision No. Date released Chapters Approved By 31/07/2020 TECNAM List of Effective Pages Page Date 31/07/2020 31/07/2020 31/07/2020...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Introduction This Supplement contains supplemental information to operate the aircraft in a safe and efficient manner when equipped with analogic version of instrument panel. General Instrument Panel The instrument panel is of conventional type, allowing space for a broad range of equipment. Operating Limitations Refer to Section 2 of this POH...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Weight & Balance Refer to Section 3 of this POH Performance Refer to Section 4 of this POH Emergency Procedures Refer to Section 5 of this POH Normal Procedures Refer to Section 6 of this POH Ground Handling &...
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New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left-hand margin; Log of Revisions Revision No. Date released Chapters Approved By 18/06/2021 TECNAM List of Effective Pages Page Date 18/06/2021 18/06/2021 18/06/2021...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Introduction This Supplement contains supplemental information to operate the aircraft in a safe and efficient manner when equipped with Garmin G3X Touch and analogical engine instruments. Section 1 - General 1.1. Instrument Panel The aircraft is equipped with a Garmin G3X Touch screen (GDU 460) which provides the information and parameters of the flight.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual - Altimeter and airspeed indicators (if installed) The right area holds: - ELT - External lights switches: Landing light, Strobe lights, Nav lights - Breakers panel (on right side) - Engine instrument: RPM, flap angle, voltimeter, coolant temperature, oil temperature and pressure, and fuel quantity indicators.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 4 - Performance Refer to Section 4 of this POH Section 5 - Emergency Procedures The following emergency procedure is added to those reported in the basic POH. 5.1. G3X Touch Failure In the event of a display failure, flight and navigation data are obtained from the magnetic compass and, if installed, the altimeter and airspeed indicator.
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New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left-hand margin; Log of Revisions Revision No. Date released Chapters Approved By 18/06/2021 TECNAM List of Effective Pages Page Date 18/06/2021 18/06/2021 18/06/2021...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Introduction This Supplement contains supplemental information to operate the aircraft in a safe and efficient manner when equipped with BRS – 6 Rescue Ballistic Parachute Type 1050. Section 1 - General The BRS Rocket Charged Parachute Rescue System gives you the opportunity to rescue yourself and the aircraft regardless of height, speed and nose position.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 2 - Operating Limitations Refer to Section 2 of this POH Section 3 - Weight & Balance Refer to Section 3 of this POH Section 4 - Performance Refer to Section 4 of this POH...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 5 - Emergency Procedures The following emergency checklists are added to those reported in the basic POH. 5.1 R ESCUE YSTEM EPLOYMENT Rescue system should be deployed in the event of a life-threating emergency where parachute activation is determined to be safer than continued flight and landing.
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P92 LSA Flight Manual In case of low altitude emergency where parachute activation is required, the engine can be shut down after rescue system activation. CAUTION Section 6 - Normal Procedures The following normal procedures are added to those reported in the basic POH. Cabin Inspection Emergency parachute release handle Safety pin removed...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 8 - Placard and Markings The following Marking and Placards are added to those reported in the basic POH. Emergency Parachute: On the cover of the emergency parachute, install: On the aircraft adjacent to the doors or places where the occupants enter the aircraft or where rescue personnel can readily see it, install: Above the emergency parachute activation handle, install:...
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New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left-hand margin; Log of Revisions Revision No. Date released Chapters Approved By 18/06/2021 TECNAM List of Effective Pages Page Date 18/06/2021 18/06/2021 18/06/2021...
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A/P Master Switch, control rods and related components. The Tecnam P92MKII is equipped with an AP MASTER switch. It is not provided with T/O - GO AROUND mode switch. This must be taken into account when performing the procedures described in the Garmin Pilot's guide.
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The GMC305 is installed on the lower central panel section . Tecnam P92 MKII installation provides the installation of pitch and roll servos are connected to the control system through rigid rods. No pulleys or cable are installed so that the maintenance is easier and inspections immediate.
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Establish Appropriate Circuit Braker PULL Section 6 - Normal Procedures The following normal procedures shall apply when the Tecnam P92 MKII is equipped with Garmin AFCS, in addition to the standard POH: Before Take-off checklist 1) Autopilot ENGAGE (using AP/CWS button, or AP button on mode...
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P92 LSA Flight Manual Section 7 - Ground Handling & Service Refer to Section 7 of this POH Section 8 - Placard and Markings Refer to Section 8 of this POH...
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