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The software contained in this product makes use of several valuable open source software packages. For information, see the "Open Source Acknowledgment" on the user documentation CD-ROM (included in delivery). Rohde & Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embedded computing.
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Basic Safety Instructions Always read through and comply with the following safety instructions! All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety standards of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our products and the auxiliary equipment they require are designed, built and tested in accordance with the safety standards that apply in each case.
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Basic Safety Instructions Symbol Meaning Symbol Meaning Caution ! Hot surface Alternating current (AC) Protective conductor terminal Direct/alternating current (DC/AC) To identify any terminal which is intended for connection to an external conductor for protection against electric shock in case of a fault, or the terminal of a protective earth Earth (Ground) Class II Equipment...
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Basic Safety Instructions Operating states and operating positions The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the manufacturer, without the product's ventilation being obstructed. If the manufacturer's specifications are not observed, this can result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or death. Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work performed.
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Basic Safety Instructions 6. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fuse-protected with max. 16 A (higher fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies). 7. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the socket provided for this purpose.
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Basic Safety Instructions 2. Before you move or transport the product, read and observe the section titled "Transport". 3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction (allergens) such as nickel cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties) when using a Rohde &...
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Basic Safety Instructions 2. Adjustments, replacement of parts, maintenance and repair may be performed only by electrical experts authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, protective conductor test, insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test).
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Waste disposal/Environmental protection 1. Specially marked equipment has a battery or accumulator that must not be disposed of with unsorted municipal waste, but must be collected separately. It may only be disposed of at a suitable collection point or via a Rohde &...
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Se parte del uso correcto del producto para los fines definidos si el producto es utilizado conforme a las indicaciones de la correspondiente documentación del producto y dentro del margen de rendimiento definido (ver hoja de datos, documentación, informaciones de seguridad que siguen). El uso del producto hace necesarios conocimientos técnicos y ciertos conocimientos del idioma inglés.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Símbolo Significado Símbolo Significado Aviso: Cuidado en el manejo de dispositivos Distintivo de la UE para la eliminación por sensibles a la electrostática (ESD) separado de dispositivos eléctricos y electrónicos Más información en la sección "Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente", punto 2.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 1. Si no se convino de otra manera, es para los productos Rohde & Schwarz válido lo que sigue: como posición de funcionamiento se define por principio la posición con el suelo de la caja para abajo, modo de protección IP 2X, uso solamente en estancias interiores, utilización hasta 2000 m sobre el nivel del mar, transporte hasta 4500 m sobre el nivel del mar.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 6. Solamente está permitido el funcionamiento en redes de alimentación TN/TT aseguradas con fusibles de 16 A como máximo (utilización de fusibles de mayor amperaje solo previa consulta con el grupo de empresas Rohde & Schwarz). 7.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Funcionamiento 1. El uso del producto requiere instrucciones especiales y una alta concentración durante el manejo. Debe asegurarse que las personas que manejen el producto estén a la altura de los requerimientos necesarios en cuanto a aptitudes físicas, psíquicas y emocionales, ya que de otra manera no se pueden excluir lesiones o daños de objetos.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Reparación y mantenimiento 1. El producto solamente debe ser abierto por personal especializado con autorización para ello. Antes de manipular el producto o abrirlo, es obligatorio desconectarlo de la tensión de alimentación, para evitar toda posibilidad de choque eléctrico. 2.
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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 2. Las asas instaladas en los productos sirven solamente de ayuda para el transporte del producto por personas. Por eso no está permitido utilizar las asas para la sujeción en o sobre medios de transporte como p. ej. grúas, carretillas elevadoras de horquilla, carros etc. Es responsabilidad suya fijar los productos de manera segura a los medios de transporte o elevación.
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Quality management Certified Quality System ISO 9001 and environmental Certified Environmental System management ISO 14001 Sehr geehrter Kunde, Dear customer, Cher client, Sie haben sich für den Kauf You have decided to buy a Vous avez choisi d’acheter un eines Rohde & Schwarz Produk- Rohde &...
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Customer Support Technical support – where and when you need it For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde &...
R&S FSL Contents Contents Documentation Overview 1 Front and Rear Panel................1.1 Front Panel View......................1.2 Function Keys on the Front Panel ................1.4 Connectors on the Front Panel ................. 1.5 Standard Front Panel Connectors ................1.5 Optional Front Panel Connectors ................1.7 Rear Panel View......................
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Contents R&S FSL Performing a Self Alignment and a Self Test ............2.8 To perform a self alignment ................2.8 To perform a self test ..................2.9 Checking the Furnished Items ................. 2.9 To check the installed options................ 2.9 Switching Off the Instrument.................. 2.10 To switch to standby mode ................
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R&S FSL Contents LXI Configuration Dialog ..................2.25 Default state of the network settings............. 2.25 LXI Browser Interface..................... 2.26 LAN Configuration ....................2.27 Ping ........................2.28 Configuring the LAN Interface................. 2.30 Connecting the Instrument to the Network ............. 2.30 Configuring the Network Card ................2.30 Changing the IP address and configuring the network protocols (TCP/IP protocol)..................
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Contents R&S FSL Arrow and Position Keys..................4.9 Softkeys ......................... 4.10 Dialog Boxes......................4.11 To enter numeric parameters............... 4.11 To enter alphanumeric parameters .............. 4.11 To navigate in dialog boxes ................. 4.13 Specialties in Windows dialog boxes ............4.16 How to Use the Help System................... 4.16 To call context–sensitive and non context–sensitive help ......
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R&S FSL Contents Displaying the AF of an FM–Modulated Carrier..........5.24 Storing and Loading Instrument Settings .............. 5.27 Storing an Instrument Configuration (without Traces) ..........5.27 Storing Traces ......................5.28 Loading an Instrument Configuration (with Traces)..........5.28 Configuring Automatic Loading ................5.29 6 Brief Introduction to Remote Control...........
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Contents R&S FSL Appendix A: Printer Interface ................... A.1 Installing Local Printers.................... A.1 To install a local printer .................. A.1 Appendix B: LAN Interface..................B.1 Configuring the Network ..................B.1 To change the computer name ..............B.2 To change the domain or workgroup.............. B.2 To operate the instrument without a network ..........
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R&S FSL Documentation Overview Documentation Overview The user documentation for the R&S FSL is divided as follows: • Quick Start Guide • Online Help • Operating Manual • Service Manual • Internet Site • Release Notes Quick Start Guide This manual is delivered with the instrument in printed form and in PDF format on the CD. It provides the information needed to set up and start working with the instrument.
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Documentation Overview R&S FSL Operating Manual This manual is a supplement to the Quick Start Guide and is available in PDF format on the CD delivered with the instrument. To retain the familiar structure that applies to all operating manuals of Rohde&Schwarz Test & Measurement instruments, the chapters 1 and 3 exist, but only in form of references to the corresponding Quick Start Guide chapters.
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R&S FSL Conventions Used in the Documentation Internet Site The Internet site at: R&S FSL Spectrum Analyzer provides the most up to date information on the R&S FSL. The current operating manual at a time is available as printable PDF file in the download area.
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R&S FSL Supplement Supplement VGA connector replaces DVI-D connector On newer instruments, a VGA monitor connector on the rear panel of the R&S FSL replaces the DVI-D connector. You can use the female VGA output to connect an external monitor. Refer to chapter "Preparing for use"...
R&S FSL Front and Rear Panel Front and Rear Panel This chapter describes the front panel and the rear panel of the instrument, including all function keys and connectors. 1300.2519.62 E-10...
Function Keys on the Front Panel R&S FSL Function Keys on the Front Panel For details on the ON/STANDBY key refer to chapter 2, section "Power Supply Options". A detailed description of the corresponding menus and the other function keys is provided in the Operating Manual on CD or in the Online Help.
R&S FSL Connectors on the Front Panel Function key Assigned functions Sets and positions the absolute and relative measurement markers (markers and delta markers). In addition, the following measurement functions are assigned under this key: • Frequency counter • Noise marker •...
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Connectors on the Front Panel R&S FSL RF INPUT 50 The RF input is to be connected to the DUT via a cable equipped with a male N connector. It is AC–coupled. NOTICE Instrument damage caused by disregarding the following precautions! Do not overload the input! R&S FSL models with an upper frequency limit...
R&S FSL Connectors on the Front Panel The front panel provides two female USB connectors to connect devices like keyboard (recommended: R&S PSL–Z2, order number 1157.6870.04) and mouse (recommended: R&S PSL–Z10, order number 1157.7060.04). Also a memory stick can be connected to store and reload instrument settings and measurement data.
Connectors on the Rear Panel R&S FSL Connectors on the Rear Panel All standard connectors are placed at the bottom of the rear panel. Above all optional connectors are grouped according to their option. The inscriptions on your instrument or in Fig.
2, "Preparing for Use". Note: For the R&S FSL18, the MONITOR connector is standard. For R&S FSL3 and R&S FSL6, its availability depends on the serial number of the instrument. Optional Rear Panel Connectors All connectors described in this chapter are only provided, if the instrument is equipped with the indicated option.
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Connectors on the Rear Panel R&S FSL NOISE SOURCE CONTROL (option Additional Interfaces, R&S FSL–B5) The noise source control female connector is used to provide the supply voltage for an external noise source, e.g., to measure the noise figure and gain of amplifiers and frequency converting DUTs.
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R&S FSL Connectors on the Rear Panel GPIB interface (option R&S FSL–B10) The GPIB interface is in compliance with IEEE488 and SCPI. A computer for remote control can be connected via this interface. To set up the connection, a shielded cable is recommended. For more details refer to the Operating Manual on CD, chapter "Remote Control –...
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Connectors on the Rear Panel R&S FSL BATTERY PACK (option R&S FSL–B31) The battery pack can be used alternatively as power supply. If the battery runs low during operation, a message is displayed. In this case, use another power supply or switch off the instrument.
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Preparing for Use This chapter describes all procedures to prepare the instrument for use. It starts from putting into operation, proceeds with connecting external devices, configuring the instrument and the LAN interface, and ends with information on the operating system: •...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Preparing for Operation This section describes how to prepare the instrument for operation. It includes the following topics: • Unpacking the Instrument and its Accessories • Checking the Accessories • Ship Damage Inspection • Warranty •...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Unpacking the Instrument and its Accessories The instrument is shipped together with its mandatory accessories in a cardboard box. In order to unpack its contents proceed as follows: 1. Remove the instrument from its packaging and check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists for the various items.
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL CAUTION Risk of injury Place the instrument on a stable and level surface before moving the handle. Do not place anything on top of the instrument, if the instrument is not in a level position. Checking the Accessories The instrument comes with the following accessories: •...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Preparing the Instrument for Operation The instrument can be used in standalone operation or can be installed in a rack. Standalone Operation The instrument is designed for use under general laboratory conditions. NOTICE Risk of instrument damage Make sure that the ambient conditions required at the site of operation are met: •...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Power Supply Options By standard the R&S FSL is equipped with an AC power supply connector. In order to use the R&S FSL independently from an AC power supply, the R&S FSL can be additionally fitted with a DC power supply connector (option DC Power Supply, R&S FSL-B30) or a battery pack (option NiMH Battery Pack, R&S FSL-B31).
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Behavior of the ON/STANDBY key Depending on the used power supply, the ON/STANDBY key on the front panel leads to different modes. The following table gives an overview. For step–by–step instructions refer to sections "Switching On the Instrument" and "Switching Off the Instrument". Power Instrument Performed Action...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Connecting the AC Power The R&S FSL can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself automatically to it. Refer to the datasheet for the requirements of voltage and frequency. The AC power connector is located on the rear panel of the instrument.
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL To perform a self test 1. Press the SETUP key. 2. Press the More key. 3. Press the Service softkey. 4. Press the Selftest softkey. Once the instrument modules have been checked successfully, a message will be displayed.
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL 6. Check the availability of the firmware options enabled via license keys as indicated in the delivery note. The following list gives an overview of the options available according to the state of press date. For more recent information refer to the CD. Option Option List Name Available from...
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Press the ON/STANDBY key on the front panel. The R&S FSL will store the current settings on the hard disk and switch to standby mode (for details on the standby mode refer to section "Power Supply Options"). CAUTION Shock hazard In standby mode, there is still AC supply voltage present in the instrument.
Preparing for Operation R&S FSL Replacing the Fuses The instrument is protected by two fuses (IEC 127 – T 3.15 H / 250 V) located on the rear panel at the right side of the AC power switch. CAUTION Shock hazard Replacing the fuse while the instrument is switched on and connected to the power supply can cause shock.
Connecting External Devices R&S FSL Cleaning the Outside The outside of the instrument is suitably cleaned using a soft, line-free dust cloth. Make sure that the air vents are not obstructed. CAUTION Shock hazard Cleaning the instrument while it is switched on and connected to the power supply can cause shock.
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Connecting External Devices R&S FSL Installing USB devices is easy under Windows XP, because all USB devices are plug&play. All USB devices can be connected to or disconnected from the R&S FSL during operation. After a device is connected to the USB interface of the R&S FSL, Windows XP automatically searches for a suitable device driver.
Connecting External Devices R&S FSL 2. If you no longer need the memory stick or if you want to transfer files to another computer, simply disconnect the memory stick. Windows XP automatically deactivates the driver. If the drive is still selected in Explorer, an error message will appear indicating that the drive is no longer available.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL R&S FSL Setup This section describes how to setup the instrument. It includes the following topics: • Selecting the Frequency Reference • Setting the Date and Time • Configuring the GPIB Interface (Option R&S FSL–B10) •...
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL To change the date 1. Under Date, select the month using the rotary knob. 2. Press the FIELD RIGHT key to set the focus on the year field and select the year using the rotary knob. 3.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL To set the ID response string In the GPIB menu, press the ID String Factory softkey to select the default response to the command *IDN?. Remote command: –– In the GPIB menu, press the ID String User softkey to enter a user–defined response to the command *IDN?.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL To use the predefined color set 1. In the screen colors submenu (see "To display the screen colors submenu"), press the Select Screen Color Set softkey. The Select Screen Color Set dialog box is displayed. 2.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL 9. Focus the OK button by using the FIELD RIGHT key and confirm by pressing the ENTER key to accept the new color settings and to close the dialog box. If you press the Cancel button, your changes are discarded. Remote command: DISP:CMAP1 ...
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL 8. Repeat the steps for all objects you want to change the color. 9. To change to predefined colors, press the Predefined Colors softkey, or set the focus on the Predefined Colors button by using the FIELD RIGHT key and confirm the selection by pressing the ENTER key.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL To configure the printer and the printout 1. Press the PRINT key. The print menu is displayed. 2. Press the Device Setup softkey. The Hardcopy Setup dialog box is displayed. 3. If you want to change the tab in order to define the second print setting, press the Device 1/2 softkey.
R&S FSL Setup R&S FSL 7. If you want to redirect the output to a postscript file rather than a printer, focus the Print to file option by using the FIELD RIGHT key and activate the option by pressing the CHECKMARK key.
LXI Configuration R&S FSL LXI Configuration LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation (LXI) is an instrumentation platform for measuring instruments and test systems that is based on standard Ethernet technology. LXI is intended to be the LAN-based successor to GPIB, combining the advantages of Ethernet with the simplicity and familiarity of GPIB.
LXI Configuration R&S FSL Note: The LXI functionality requires a Windows XP operating system that has been upgraded to service pack 2. Please contact your Rohde & Schwarz service representative if your R&S FSL's operating system needs an upgrade. To check the version of your operating system, open the Versions+Options dialog box in the General Setup submenu (SETUP key –...
LXI Configuration R&S FSL The LCI for the R&S FSL also resets the following parameters: Parameter Value Description R&S Spectrum Analyzer/FSL/<serial number> Negotiation Auto Detect VXI-11 Discovery Enabled The LAN settings are configured using the instrument's LXI Browser Interface. LXI Browser Interface The instrument's LXI browser interface works correctly with all W3C compliant browsers.
LXI Configuration R&S FSL The navigation pane of the browser interface contains the following control elements: • LAN Configuration opens the LAN Configuration page. • LXI Glossary opens a document with a glossary of terms related to the LXI standard. •...
LXI Configuration R&S FSL The Advanced LAN Configuration parameters are used as follows: • The Negotiation configuration field provides different Ethernet speed and duplex mode settings. In general, the Auto Detect mode is sufficient. • ICMP Ping must be enabled to use the ping utility. •...
Configuring the LAN Interface R&S FSL Configuring the LAN Interface This section describes how to configure the LAN interface. It includes the following topics: • Connecting the Instrument to the Network • Configuring the Network Card For further information on the LAN interface refer to "Appendix B: LAN Interface". The instrument can be connected to an Ethernet LAN (local area network) using the LAN interface connector on the rear panel (for details refer to chapter 1, "Front and Rear Panel").
Configuring the LAN Interface R&S FSL To display the network address submenu 1. Press the SETUP key. 2. Press the General Setup softkey. 3. Press the Network Address softkey. The submenu is displayed. To configure the network protocol in a network without DHCP server 1.
Operating System Properties R&S FSL Operating System Properties This section describes the operating system properties. It includes the following topics: • Windows XP Software Approved for the R&S FSL • Windows XP Service Packs • Login • Windows XP Start Menu The instrument contains the Windows XP operating system.
Operating System Properties R&S FSL Windows XP Service Packs The Windows XP operating system on the instrument is supplied with pre–installed Windows XP service packs that are necessary and suitable for operating the instrument. NOTICE Risk of malfunctions To prevent malfunctions that might in the worst case require instrument repair, only service packs approved by Rohde &...
R&S FSL Firmware Update and Installation of Firmware Options Firmware Update and Installation of Firmware Options This chapter describes how to update the firmware and how to activate optional firmware packages. 1300.2519.62 E-10...
Firmware Update R&S FSL Firmware Update You can install a new firmware version via USB devices (e.g. a memory stick), GPIB (option GPIB Interface, R&S FSL-B10), or LAN. Normally, you install a new version as described in "To update the firmware". If an exception occurs and you cannot proceed according to this description, you can install a new firmware version via the Windows XP Start menu as described in "To update the firmware (via Windows XP)".
R&S FSL Firmware Options To update the firmware (via Windows XP) This procedure is only recommended, if the procedure described above is not practical. Note: For the following step–by–step instructions, a mouse or an external keyboard is required. 1. Close all applications. 2.
R&S FSL Basic Operations Basic Operations This chapter gives an overview how to work with the R&S FSL. It describes what kind of information is displayed in the diagram area, how to operate the R&S FSL via the front panel keys and softkeys, and how to use the Online Help.
Information in the Diagram Area R&S FSL Information in the Diagram Area The following figure shows a measurement diagram during analyzer operation. All different information areas are labeled. Some areas display information in short form that is explained in more detail in the following sections: •...
R&S FSL Information in the Diagram Area Display of Hardware Settings Reference level Reference level offset Offset RF attenuation that has been set. Resolution bandwidth that has been set. If the bandwidth does not correspond to the value for automatic coupling, a green asterisk "*"...
Information in the Diagram Area R&S FSL Status Displays The status displays on the left side of the diagram indicate any irregularities. UNCAL One of the following conditions is present: Correction data has been switched off. Switch on the correction data. No correction values are available.
R&S FSL Information in the Diagram Area Trace Information detector trace number (1 to 6) Trace # auto / selected detector: manual trace # Detector AUTOPEAK detector 1 PK * trace CLRWR MAX PEAK detector mode MIN PEAK detector SAMPLE detector AVERAGE detector RMS detector QUASIPEAK detector...
Information in the Diagram Area R&S FSL Enhancement Labels The enhancement labels on the right–hand side of the measurement diagram indicate that the user chose instrument settings that affect the measurement results even though this is not immediately apparent from the display of the measured values. The current instrument setting does not match the one during which the displayed traces were recorded.
R&S FSL Setting Parameters Setting Parameters This section describes how to operate the R&S FSL. The instrument provides a user interface for operation without external keyboard: • Keypad • Rotary Knob • Softkeys • Dialog Boxes All tasks necessary to operate the instrument can be performed using this user interface. Apart from instrument specific keys all other keys that correspond to an external keyboard (e.g.
Setting Parameters R&S FSL • ENTER key – Concludes the entry of dimensionless entries. The new value is accepted. – With other entries, this key can be used instead of the Hz / dB.. unit key. – In a dialog box, presses the default or focused button. –...
R&S FSL Setting Parameters Arrow and Position Keys Name LEFTARROW key RIGHTARROW key UPARROW key DNARROW key FIELD LEFT key FIELD RIGHT key CHECKMARK key NEXT TAB key Table 4–1 Front panel keys for navigation The UPARROW or DNARROW keys do the following: •...
Setting Parameters R&S FSL The CHECKMARK key works as follows in dialog boxes: • Inserts a blank in an edit dialog box. The corresponding Windows function is SPACE. • Selects the option on which the focus is set without closing the dialog box. If more than one option can be chosen, it also deselects a selected option.
R&S FSL Setting Parameters Dialog Boxes In most cases, the R&S FSL dialog boxes are designed to enter a numeric value. In the documentation, these dialog boxes are called "edit dialog boxes". Dialog boxes that are not only designed for parameter entry have a more complex structure and, in the documentation, are called "dialog boxes".
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Setting Parameters R&S FSL – If you want to choose another value provided by this key, press the key again, until your desired value is displayed. With every key stroke the next possible value of this key is displayed. If all possible values have been displayed, the series starts with the first value again.
R&S FSL Setting Parameters To navigate in dialog boxes Some of the dialog boxes are not only for parameter entry, and therefore have a more complex structure. The following figure shows an example. The element names that are used in the step–by–step instructions of the Operating Manual and the Online Help are assigned to all dialog box elements.
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Setting Parameters R&S FSL Fig. 4-2 Naming conventions for dialog boxes The focus on the graphical user interface is moved via the FIELD LEFT and FIELD RIGHT keys or the rotary knob. The focused area is marked with a blue frame (see Fig. 4-3). If this area consists of more than one elements, e.g.
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R&S FSL Setting Parameters Fig. 4-4 Focused area in edit mode When using the FIELD LEFT and FIELD RIGHT keys for focus changes, all focused areas are in the edit mode automatically, if available. When using the rotary knob for focus changes, a manual change into the edit mode (if existent, see above) is necessary.
How to Use the Help System R&S FSL 8. To change from one tab to the next, press the NEXT TAB key or press the rotary knob to enter the edit mode and use the rotary knob. 9. To press a button in a dialog box: –...
R&S FSL How to Use the Help System To navigate in the table of contents 1. To move through the displayed contents entries, use the UPARROW and DNARROW keys. Entries that contain further entries are marked with a plus sign. 2.
R&S FSL Basic Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Examples The measurement examples provided in this chapter are intended as an introduction to operating the R&S FSL. For advanced applications, refer to chapter 1 of the operating manual on CD. The following topics are included: •...
Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal R&S FSL Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal One of the most common measurement tasks that can be handled by using a spectrum analyzer is determining the level and frequency of a signal. When measuring an unknown signal, you can usually start with the preset setting. Note: If levels higher than +30 dBm (=1 W) are expected or are possible, a power attenuator must be inserted before the RF input of the analyzer.
R&S FSL Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal Note: When the frequency span is defined, the resolution bandwidth, the video bandwidth and the sweep time are automatically reset, because these functions are defined as coupled functions in the preset setting. 5. Measure the level and frequency using the marker and read the results from the screen. –...
Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal R&S FSL Note: If the reference level that is selected is less than the highest signal that occurs in the spectrum, the signal path in the R&S FSL will be overloaded. In this case, the message IFOVL is displayed on the left–hand edge of the diagram.
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R&S FSL Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal 2. Set the center frequency and the span. – Press the FREQ key and enter 128 MHz. The center frequency of the R&S FSL is set to 128 MHz. – Press the SPAN key and enter 1 MHz. The frequency span of the R&S FSL is set to 1 MHz.
Measuring Harmonics of Sinusoidal Signals R&S FSL Measuring Harmonics of Sinusoidal Signals Measuring the harmonics of a signal is a very common task that can be optimally performed by using a spectrum analyzer. In the following example, the generator signal with 128 MHz and –20 dBm is used again. Measuring the Suppression of the First and Second Harmonic of an Input Signal 1.
R&S FSL Measuring Harmonics of Sinusoidal Signals Fig. 5–2 Measuring the harmonic suppression of the internal reference generator. Delta markers D2 [1] and D3 [1] show the offset of the first and second harmonics from the fundamental. Reducing Noise The spectrum analyzer offers three means of effectively differentiating the harmonics of a signal from the noise: •...
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Measuring Harmonics of Sinusoidal Signals R&S FSL Fig. 5–3 Suppression of noise during harmonics measurement by reducing video bandwidth 2. Recouple the video bandwidth to the resolution bandwidth. – Press the BW key. – Press the Video BW Auto softkey. 3.
R&S FSL Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals 6. Set the resolution bandwidth to 10 kHz. – Press the BW key. – Press the Res BW Manual softkey and enter 10 kHz. The noise decreases by approx. 25 dB with respect to the previous setting. Since the video bandwidth is coupled to the resolution bandwidth, it is reduced to 30 kHz in proportion to the resolution bandwidth.
Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals R&S FSL Separating Two Signals with a Level of –30 dBm each at a Frequency Spacing of 30 kHz Test setup: Signal Generator 1 Coupler R&S FSL Signal Generator 2 Signal generator settings (e.g. R&S SMU): Level Frequency Signal generator 1...
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R&S FSL Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals Fig. 5–4 Measurement of two equally–leveled RF sinusoidal signals with the resolution bandwidth which corresponds to the frequency spacing of the signals Note: The level drop is located exactly in the center of the screen only if the generator frequencies exactly match the frequency display of the R&S FSL.
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Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals R&S FSL Fig. 5–5 Measurement of two equally–leveled RF sinusoidal signals with a resolution bandwidth which is larger than their frequency spacing Note: The resolution bandwidth (RBW) can be reduced again by turning the rotary knob counterclockwise, thus yielding a higher frequency resolution.
R&S FSL Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals Fig. 5–6 Measurement of two equally–leveled RF sinusoidal signals with a resolution bandwidth (1 kHz) which is clearly smaller than their frequency spacing 6. Activate the FFT bandwidths. – Press the Filter Type softkey. –...
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Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals R&S FSL Test setup: Signal R&S FSL Generator Signal generator settings (e.g. R&S SMU): Frequency: 128 MHz Level: –30 dBm Modulation: 50 % AM, 10 kHz AF Procedure: 1. Set the spectrum analyzer to the default state. –...
R&S FSL Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals Measuring of AM–Modulated Signals The spectrum analyzer rectifies the RF input signal and displays it as a magnitude spectrum. The rectification also demodulates AM–modulated signals. The AF voltage can be displayed in zero span if the modulation sidebands fall within the resolution bandwidth.
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Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals R&S FSL Fig. 5–8 Measurement of the AF signal of a carrier that is AM–modulated with 1 kHz 5. Activate the internal AM demodulator. – Press the MKR key. – Press the More softkey. –...
R&S FSL Measurements in Zero Span Measurements in Zero Span In the case of radio transmission systems that use the TDMA method (e.g. GSM or IS136), transmission quality is determined not only by spectral characteristics but also by characteristics in zero span. A timeslot is assigned to each user since several users share the same frequency.
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Measurements in Zero Span R&S FSL The R&S FSL shows the GSM burst continuously across the display. 5. By using the video trigger, triggering on the rising edge of the burst. – Press the TRIG key. – Press the Trg/Gate Source softkey and select Video using the arrow keys. –...
R&S FSL Measurements in Zero Span Measuring the Edges of a GSM Burst with High Time Resolution Because of the high time resolution of the R&S FSL at the 0 Hz display range, the edges of TDMA bursts can be measured precisely. The edges can be shifted to the screen area by using the trigger offset.
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Measurements in Zero Span R&S FSL Fig. 5–10 Rising edge of the GSM burst displayed with high time resolution 4. Using the trigger offset, move the falling edge of the burst to the center of the screen. – Switch the Trg/Gate Polarity softkey to Neg. The R&S FSL displays the falling edge of the GSM burst.
R&S FSL Measurements in Zero Span Measuring the Signal–to–Noise Ratio of Burst Signals When TDMA transmission methods are used, the signal–to–noise ratio or the deactivation dynamic range can be measured by comparing the power values during the activation phase and the deactivation phase of the transmission burst. For this purpose, the R&S FSL provides the function for measuring absolute and relative power in zero span.
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Measurements in Zero Span R&S FSL 5. Use the trigger source Video and the trigger polarity Pos to trigger on the rising edge of the burst and shift the start of burst to the center of the screen. – Press the TRIG key. –...
R&S FSL Measurements in Zero Span 7. Measure the power during the deactivation phase of the burst. – Press the TRIG key. – Switch the Trg/Gate Polarity softkey to Neg. The R&S FSL initiates triggering in response to the falling edge of the burst. This shifts the burst to the left–hand half of the measurement diagram.
Measurements in Zero Span R&S FSL Displaying the AF of an FM–Modulated Carrier Test setup: Signal R&S FSL Generator Signal generator settings (e.g. R&S SMU): Frequency: 128 MHz Level: –20 dBm Modulation: FM 0 kHz deviation (i.e. FM modulation is deactivated), 1 kHz AF Procedure: 1.
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R&S FSL Measurements in Zero Span Fig. 5–14 Display of the filter edge of the 300 kHz filter as an FM discriminator characteristic 5. Set the FM deviation to 50 kHz on the signal generator. 6. Set the span to 0 Hz on the R&S FSL. –...
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Measurements in Zero Span R&S FSL Fig. 5–15 Demodulated FM signal 8. Determine the deviation – Press the MKR key. Marker 1 is activated and placed on the peak of the curve. – Press the Marker 2 softkey. – Press the MKR –> key. –...
R&S FSL Storing and Loading Instrument Settings Storing and Loading Instrument Settings The R&S FSL can store complete instrument settings together with instrument configurations and measurement data in a settings file. The data is stored on the built–in hard disk or – if selected – on a USB device (e.g. memory stick) or on a network drive. The hard disk has the drive name C: In the default state, the current settings are stored.
Storing and Loading Instrument Settings R&S FSL To store the file in a directory different to the default directory, change the path using the Select Path softkey (the directory is automatically used for any further save and recall operations). 4. Press the Save File softkey. If the path is not changed, the settings file is stored under the default path for the instrument configurations (C:\R_S\Instr\user).
R&S FSL Storing and Loading Instrument Settings 5. If you want to load traces: – Press the Select Items softkey to set the focus on the items list. – Select the All Traces option using the arrow keys and confirm by pressing the CHECKMARK key.
R&S FSL Brief Introduction to Remote Control Brief Introduction to Remote Control The instrument can be remote–controlled via the network (LAN interface). For details on configuring the LAN interface see chapter 2, section "Configuring the LAN Interface". Remote control via a GPIB interface is only provided with option R&S FSL-B10. For details on setting the interface see chapter 2, section "Setting the GPIB Interface".
Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming R&S FSL Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming The following examples explain how to program the instrument and can be used as a basis for solving enhanced programming tasks. Visual Basic was used as the programming language. However, the programs can be implemented in other languages as well.
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R&S FSL Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming • Creating a response buffer Since the DLL returns zero–terminated strings in responses, a string of sufficient length must be created before the functions InstrRead() and ilrd() are called, because Visual Basic inserts a length specification in front of the strings and this specification is not updated by the DLL.
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Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming R&S FSL Public Sub InstrRead(ByVal vi As Long, Response As String, ByVal count As Long, retCount As Long) Dim status As Long 'Initialize response string Response = Space(count) '...and read status = viRead(vi, Response, count, retCount) 'Check for errors –...
R&S FSL Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming Initialization and Default State At the start of each program, the global variables used by all subroutines must be created. The remote control and the instrument settings will then be changed to a defined default state.
Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming R&S FSL Initializing the Instrument Set the remote control status registers and instrument settings to the default state. REM –––––––––––– Initializing the instrument ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Public SUB InitDevice() CALL InstrWrite(analyzer, "*CLS") 'Reset status register CALL InstrWrite(analyzer, "*RST") 'Reset instrument END SUB REM*************************************************************************...
R&S FSL Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming Configuring the Power Save Function for the Display During remote control operation, it is often unnecessary to display the measurement results on screen. Although the command SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate OFF switches off the display of the measurement results, thus significantly improving speed in remote control operation, the display itself and the background lighting in particular remain switched on.
Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming R&S FSL Reading Out Instrument Settings The settings made above can now be read out. To do so, the abbreviated commands are used. REM ––––––––– Reading out instrument settings –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– PUBLIC SUB ReadSettings() Dim retCount as Long CFfrequency$ = SPACE$(20) 'Provide text variable (20 characters) CALL InstrWrite(analyzer, "FREQ:CENT?")
R&S FSL Basic Steps in Remote Control Programming Command Synchronization The synchronization methods used in the following example are described in the Operating Manual on CD, chapter 4 "Remote Control – Basics", section "Command Sequence and Command Synchronization". REM ––––––––– Commands for command synchronization –––––––––––––––––––––––– PUBLIC SUB SweepSync() Dim retCount as Long Dim SRQWaitTimeout As Long...
Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL Reading Output Buffers REM ––––––––– Subroutine for the individual STB bits ––––––––––––––––––––––– Public SUB Outputqueue() 'Reading the output queue Dim retCount as Long result$ = SPACE$(100) 'Create space for response CALL InstrRead(analyzer, result$, 100, retCount) Debug.Print "Contents of Output Queue : ";...
R&S FSL Detailed Programming Examples Setting the Remote Control Status Registers REM ************************************************************************ Public Sub SetupStatusReg() '––––––––– IEEE 488.2 status register –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"*CLS") 'Reset status registers CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"*SRE 168") 'Enable Service Request for 'STAT:OPER–,STAT:QUES– and ESR–Register CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"*ESE 61") 'Set event enable bit for: 'operation complete 'command–, execution–, 'device dependent–...
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Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL 'Absolute scaling CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:UNIT:POW DBM") 'y meas. unit '––––––––– Trace and detector setting –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"DISP:TRAC1:MODE AVER") 'Trace1 average CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"AVER:TYPE VID") 'Average mode video; "LIN" for linear CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"SWE:COUN 10") 'Sweep count CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"DISP:TRAC2 OFF") 'Trace2 blank CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"DISP:TRAC3 OFF") 'Trace3 blank...
R&S FSL Detailed Programming Examples Using Markers and Delta Markers The markers are used for marking points on traces, reading out measurement results and for quickly selecting a display section. Marker Search Functions, Restricting the Search Range The following example is based on an AM–modulated signal at 100 MHz that has the following characteristics: •...
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Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:DELT3:X:REL?;:CALC:DELT3:Y?") 'Read delta marker 3 frequency and level; 'both must have a value of 0 result$ = Space$(100) CALL InstrRead(analyzer, result$, 100, retCount) Print "Delta 3: ";result$ '––––––––– Peak search with search range limit in y direction –––––––––––––– CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:THR:STAT ON") CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:THR –35DBM") 'Activate threshold and set it above the AF...
R&S FSL Detailed Programming Examples Frequency Counting The following example is based on a signal at 100 MHz with a level of –30 dBm. Also in this measurement, the instrument's default setting can be used (SetupInstrument). The purpose of frequency counting is to determine the exact frequency of the signal at 100 MHz. REM ************************************************************************* Public Sub MarkerCount() Dim retCount as Long...
Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL REM ************************************************************************* Public Sub RefFixed() Dim retCount as Long CALL SetupInstrument 'Default setting '––––––––– Measuring the reference point –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"INIT:CONT OFF") 'Switch to single sweep CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:MARK:PEXC 6DB") 'Define peak excursion CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:MARK:STAT ON") 'Activate marker 1 CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"CALC:MARK:TRAC 1") 'Set marker 1 to trace 1...
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R&S FSL Detailed Programming Examples REM ************************************************************************ Public Sub Noise() Dim retCount as Long '––––––––– Default setting of the R&S FSL –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CALL SetupStatusReg 'Configure status register CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"*RST") 'Reset instrument CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"INIT:CONT OFF") 'Single sweep mode '––––––––– Setting the frequency –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"FREQUENCY:CENTER 100MHz") 'Center frequency CALL InstrWrite(analyzer,"FREQ:SPAN 100 kHz")
Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL Reading Out Trace Data In the following example, the trace data obtained with the default setting is read from the instrument and displayed in a list on screen. Readout occurs first in binary format and then in ASCII format, once with the span >...
Detailed Programming Examples R&S FSL Storing Instrument Settings In the following example, the settings/measured data to be stored are initially defined, in which case only the hardware settings are stored. However, the selection commands for the other settings are specified with the state "OFF" for the sake of completeness. REM *********************************************************************** Public Sub StoreSettings() 'This subroutine selects the settings to be stored and creates the...
R&S FSL Detailed Programming Examples Setting the Data Record for Startup Recall In the following example, the first step is to change the R&S FSL to the default state. In the next step, the TEST1 data record stored under C:\R_S\Instr\user is selected for the startup recall function, i.e.
R&S FSL Appendix A: Printer Interface Appendix A: Printer Interface For printout local USB printers or network printers can be used. In this appendix, the installation of local printers is described. Network printer installation is described in section "To install a network printer" in Appendix B, LAN Interface. Note: The following step–by–step instructions describe the process via a mouse and an external keyboard.
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Appendix A: Printer Interface R&S FSL 3. Connect the printer via the USB connector on the front panel to the R&S FSL. The first page of the Found New Hardware Wizard dialog box is displayed. 4. Select the Install the software automatically option. The installation process runs automatically and a dialog box is displayed after the installation is completed.
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R&S FSL Appendix A: Printer Interface 5. Deactivate the Don't prompt me again to install this software option. 6. Click Finish. The first page of the wizard is displayed again. 7. Select the Install from a list or specific location option. 8.
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Appendix A: Printer Interface R&S FSL 14. Click Next. The selected folder is searched for the printer driver and the printer driver files are copied to C:. After the installation is finished, a dialog box is displayed. 15. Click Finish to complete the installation. 1300.2519.62 E-10...
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface Appendix B: LAN Interface In this appendix, additional information on the LAN interface is given. How to connect the instrument to the network and configure the network protocols is described in chapter 2 "Preparing for Use", section "Configuring the LAN Interface". Note: In some of the following step–by–step instructions, user names and passwords must be entered.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL To integrate the instrument into your network, you can change the following system properties: computer name, domain, workgroup. To change the computer name 1. Press the Network Address softkey. The submenu is displayed. 2. Press the Computer Name softkey and enter the computer name. 3.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface 3. Click the Change button. The dialog box for changing the computer name, domain and workgroup is displayed. 4. Enter a Domain or Workgroup. 5. Confirm the changes with OK. 6. If you are now prompted to restart the instrument, click Yes. Windows will restart the system.
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Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 1. In the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel and then select User Accounts. The wizard for managing the user starts with the Pick a task dialog box. 2. Click Create a new account. The dialog box for entering a new computer name is displayed.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface To change the user password After the new user has been created on the instrument, the password must be adapted to the network password. This is also done by using the User Account wizard. 1.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 3. Click Create a password. The dialog box for entering a new password is displayed. 4. Enter the new password in the upper text line and repeat it in the following line. 5. Click the Create Password button (at the end of the page). The new password is now active.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface To reactivate the automatic login mechanism 1. In the Start menu, select Run. The Run dialog box is displayed. 2. Enter the command C:\R_S\INSTR\USER\AUTOLOGIN.REG. 3. Press the ENTER key to confirm. The automatic login mechanism will be reactivated. It will be applied the next time the instrument is switched on.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 9. Enter your user name and password. 10. Confirm with OK. The drive is displayed in the Explorer. Note: Only networks are connected that you authorized to access. To disconnect network drives 1. Press the FILE key. 2.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface To install a network printer After installation the instrument must be configured for printout with this printer. How to select and configure printers is described in chapter 2, section "R&S FSL Setup". 1. Press the Print key on the front panel. The menu will is displayed.
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Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 4. Press the rotary knob or ENTER key to continue. The Local or Network Printer pane is displayed. 5. Press the DNARROW key to activate the A network printer, or a printer attached to another computer option.
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R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface 8. Focus the Next button using the tab keys and confirm by pressing the ENTER key. All available printers are displayed. 9. Mark a printer using the arrow keys and confirm by pressing the ENTER key. 10.
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Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 13. In the Printers list, mark the appropriate printer driver using the arrow keys and confirm by pressing the ENTER key. 14. If the desired printer type is not in the list, its driver has not yet been installed. In this case, focus the Have Disk button and confirm by pressing the rotary knob or the ENTER key.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface To share directories (only with Microsoft networks) Sharing directories makes data available for other users. This is possible only in Microsoft networks. Sharing is a property of a file or directory. 1. In the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories and then select Windows Explorer. 2.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL Remote Operation with XP Remote Desktop In production test and measurement, a common requirement is central monitoring of the T&M instruments for remote maintenance and remote diagnostics. Equipped with the Remote Desktop software of Windows XP, the R&S FSL ideally meets requirements for use in production.
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R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface Note: To avoid problems, use a fixed IP address. When a DHCP server is used, a new IP address is assigned each time the instrument is restarted. This address must first be determined on the instrument itself.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL To configure the controller Note: With Windows XP, Remote Desktop Client is part of the operating system and can be accessed via Start – Programs – Accessories – Communications – Remote Desktop Connection. For other versions of Windows, Microsoft offers the Remote Desktop Client as an add–on.
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R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface 3. Open the Experience tab. The settings on this tab are used to select and optimize the connection speed. 4. In the list, select the appropriate connection (for example: LAN (10 Mbps or higher)). Depending on your selection (and how powerful the connection is), the options are activated or deactivated.
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Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL 6. Open the Local Resources tab for enabling printers, local drives and serial interfaces. 7. If you will need to access drives of the controller from the R&S FSL (e.g. in order to store settings or to copy files from the controller to the R&S FSL), activate the Disk drives option.
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R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface 9. Open the Display tab. The options for configuring the R&S FSL screen display are displayed. 10. Under Remote desktop size, you can set the size of the R&S FSL window on the desktop of the controller. 11.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL To set up a connection to the R&S FSL 1. In the Remote Desktop Connection dialog box (see "To configure the controller"), open the General tab. 2. In the Computer field, enter the IP address of the R&S FSL. 3.
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R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface 8. If, on the Local Resources tab, the Disk drives option is activated, a warning is displayed indicating that the drives are enabled for access from the R&S FSL. 9. Click OK to confirm the warning. After a few moments, the R&S FSL screen is displayed.
Appendix B: LAN Interface R&S FSL You can operate all keys and softkeys by using the mouse. The rotary knob is simulated by means of the knob buttons. The Windows XP Start menu can be made available by expanding the Remote Desktop window to full size.
R&S FSL Appendix B: LAN Interface To restore the connection to the R&S FSL Follow the instructions provided in the section "To set up a connection to the R&S FSL". If the connection is terminated and then restored, the R&S FSL remains in the same state.
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R&S FSL Index Index tracking generator........1.7 USB............1.7 (enhancement label) ......4.6 date setting ............. 2.16 AC power supply DC power supply connector....1.13, 1.14 connecting to ..........2.8 default colors..........2.18 connector ..........1.10 diagram area AC power switch .......... 1.10 enhancement labels........
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Index R&S FSL connecting ..........2.14 MI (trace information)........4.5 IF/video output connector ......1.12 MINH (trace information)........ 4.5 IFOVL (status display) ........4.4 MOD (marker functions)......... 4.3 installing mode local printer ..........A.1 off .............. 2.6 network printer ..........B.9 on .............. 2.6 instrument modes ..........
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R&S FSL Index printer loading ............ 5.28 alternative configuration......2.21 storing ............. 5.27 configuring ..........2.21 Sgl (enhancement label) ........ 4.6 installing local printer ........A.1 ship damage inspection ......... 2.4 installing network printer ......B.9 sinusoidal signal measurements....5.2 local ............A.1 harmonics ..........
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Index R&S FSL Windows XP ..........2.32 administrator ID ........2.33 approved software ........2.32 login ............2.33 password ..........2.33 service packs .......... 2.33 Start menu ..........2.33 zero span measurements ......5.17 1300.2519.62 E-10...
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