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Summary of Contents for Hunter Lite GSP9200 Series
- Page 1 OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS Form 6618TE-05, 06-13 GSP9200 Lite Series Computerized LCD Balancer (GSP9220) With SmartWeight ® Balancing Technology Software Version 3.3 © Copyright 2006 - 2013 Hunter Engineering Company...
- Page 3 OWNER INFORMATION Model Number ____________________________________________________________________ Software Version Number ___________________________________________________________ Serial Number _____________________________________________________________________ Date Installed _____________________________________________________________________ Service and Parts Representative _____________________________________________________ Phone Number ____________________________________________________________________ Sales Representative _______________________________________________________________ Phone Number ____________________________________________________________________ Concept and Procedure Training Checklist Trained Declined Safety Precautions Autostart ...
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Page 5: Table Of Contents
CONTENTS 1. GETTING STARTED ..................9 1.1 Introduction ......................... 9 References ......................9 1.2 For Your Safety ......................9 Hazard Definitions ....................9 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ............. 10 Electrical ....................... 11 Decal Information and Placement ................ 11 Right Side View ..................... 11 Left Side View .................... - Page 6 Wheel Centering Feature Using Imbalance Forces and Location ........................ 52 4. BALANCING FEATURES AND OPTIONS ............ 57 4.1 Blinding and Rounding .................... 57 4.2 Hunter Help Feature ....................57 4.3 Hood Autostart Feature .................... 59 4.4 Loose Hub Detect Feature ..................60 ®...
- Page 7 ® WeightSaver Residual Goal ................ 72 Prompt for Wheel Assembly ID ................72 HammerHead™ ....................72 6. CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE ............73 6.1 Calibration Procedures .................... 73 Balancer (3 Spin Procedure) ................74 ® Inner Dataset Arm (Calibration Tool, 221-672-1, Required) ......75 Quick Calibration Check Procedure ..............
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Page 9: Getting Started
1. Getting Started 1.1 Introduction This manual provides operation instructions and information required to operate the GSP9200 Lite Series Balancer. Read and become familiar with the contents of this manual prior to operating the GSP9200 Lite. The owner of the GSP9200 Lite is solely responsible for arranging technical training. The GSP9200 Lite is to be operated only by a qualified trained technician. -
Page 10: Important Safety Instructions
Keep all instructions permanently with the unit. Keep all decals, labels, and notices clean and visible. To prevent accidents and/or damage to the balancer, use only Hunter GSP9200 Lite Series Vibration Control System recommended accessories. Use equipment only as described in this manual. -
Page 11: Electrical
Electrical The GSP9200 Lite is manufactured to operate at a specific voltage and amperage rating. Make sure that the appropriate electrical supply circuit is of the same voltage and amperage ratings as marked on the balancer. WARNING: DO NOT ALTER THE ELECTRICAL PLUG. Plugging the electrical plug into an unsuitable supply circuit will damage the equipment. -
Page 12: Left Side View
Left Side View Decal 128-391-2-00 cautions that the unit may automatically start upon closing of the hood when hood Autostart is enabled. Decal 128-229-2 and decal 128-905-2 work in conjunction to caution the user to not remove the screw because of the risk of electrical shock. Back View Decal 128-907-2 warns the user to place the GSP9200 Lite at garage floor level, and not in a recessed area, to avoid the possibility of flammable fume ignition. -
Page 13: Specific Precautions/Hammerhead™ Tdc Laser Indicator (Optional)
Specific Precautions/HammerHead™ TDC Laser Indicator (Optional) The TDC (Top Dead Center) Laser Indicator is a class 2M laser designed to aid in applying clip-on weights. The laser is not a field serviceable or adjustable part. Use caution in regard to reflective materials around the laser and never look into the laser beam. -
Page 14: Turning Power On/Off
Equipment Installation and Service A factory-authorized representative should perform installation. This equipment contains no user serviceable parts. All repairs must be referred to a qualified Hunter Service Representative. To replace program cartridge, refer to “Program Cartridge NOTE: Removal and Installation,” page 69. -
Page 15: Safety Summary
Safety Summary Explanation of Symbols These symbols may appear on the equipment. Alternating current. Earth ground terminal. Protective conductor terminal. ON (supply) condition. OFF (supply) condition. Risk of electrical shock. Stand-by switch. Not intended for connection to public telecommunications network. 1.3 GSP9200 Lite Components 1. -
Page 16: Operating The Console
1.4 Operating the Console Using Softkeys The “softkeys,” located on the LCD support console directly beneath the LCD, provide operator control of the balancer. The four menu labels that appear at the bottom of each video screen are referred to as the “softkey labels.”... -
Page 17: Primary Balancing Display
Pushing in on the control knob cycles through the available on-screen switches on the current primary screen. Rotating the control knob clockwise or counter-clockwise changes the setting for the selected on-screen switch. For example, in the “Balance” primary screen, pushing in on the control knob will cycle ®... - Page 18 18 1. Getting Started GSP9200 Series Wheel Balancer Operation Instructions...
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Page 19: Balancing Overview
2. Balancing Overview 2.1 Balance Forces Balancing Theory - Static Imbalance As the word static implies, the tire will be balanced when at rest. For example, if an unmoving assembly was centered on a cone and was balanced, it would be statically balanced. -
Page 20: Balancing Theory - Couple Imbalance
Balancing Theory - Couple Imbalance Basically, dynamic imbalance is defined as a condition where one or more locations of the tire/wheel assembly are heavier causing an imbalance force and/or an imbalance wobble. Shown below is a tire/wheel assembly with two heavy spots of equal weight which are located 180 degrees radially from each other on opposite sides. -
Page 21: Smartweight Balancing Technology
® 2.2 SmartWeight Balancing Technology ® SmartWeight is not a procedure. Instead, it measures the forces of side-to-side shimmy and up-and-down shake and computes weight to reduce these forces. This reduces the amount of weight, reduces time, reduces check spins, chasing weights, and saves the shop time and money. -
Page 22: Smartweight Forces And Limits Feature
2.3 SmartWeight Forces and Limits Feature The static and couple forces are adjustable and show equivalent weight amounts on an example 15”x7” wheel. Static force is measured in oz. per inch. Couple force is measured in oz. per inch . The defaults are preset for virtually all vehicle sensitivity limits. -
Page 23: Switching From Smartweight
Install the tire/wheel assembly as normal. Rim measurements are not required. Lower the hood and spin. ® If SmartWeight requires correction weights wheel dimensions will be required. Enter ® the dimensions using the dataset arms. The SmartWeight tire graphs will display red for excessive forces and green for acceptable amounts of force. -
Page 24: Weight Savings
® The WeightSaver wheel balancing feature is a percentage of the force limit intentionally left in the assembly to save weights. WEIGHTSAVER RESIDUAL GOAL PERCENTAGE The lower the value favors a lower residual force and a higher value favors weight savings. -
Page 25: Smartweight Odometer
2.7 SmartWeight Odometer SmartWeight Odometer displays the accumulated savings on the balance screen. The odometer can be enabled/disabled in setup, (service mode) showing weight savings, money savings or both. Within “Balancing Limits” setup, choose the display of SmartWeight Odometer or/and per-spin savings. Factory default is the display of odometers and no per-spin display. -
Page 26: Show Savings Summary
Show Savings Summary When the SmartWeight Odometer is present on screen, press the “Show Savings Summary” softkey for detailed explanation of savings. “Show Savings Summary” will be “projected savings” when NOTE: selected time frame exceeds actual time of use. A summary of the savings due to SmartWeight is displayed. “Set Assumptions”... - Page 27 “Set Assumptions” key available in “Service Mode” only. NOTE: Select “Enter Install Date” softkey to enter a date for the savings screen to properly show time to savings values. Select “Exit” softkey when done. To view the payback of balancer from savings due to SmartWeight, select “Investment Return”...
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Page 28: On-Vehicle Wheel Installation Methods
The statistics can be cleared by selecting the “Clear Data” NOTE: softkey. This could be used if tracking weight during a specific period. The “Clear Data” key may only be selected when in Service Mode. For more information refer to “Service Mode Setup and Features,”... - Page 29 TIP: When mounting a lug centric wheel to a vehicle, extreme centering care must be taken by ensuring the lug nuts (bolts) are tightened equally, while rotating the wheel. “Step-torque” star pattern to proper torque specification. To verify if the wheel is lug centric: Remove the lug nuts (or bolts) and try to move the wheel up/down and side/side on the hub.
- Page 30 30 2. Balancing Overview GSP9200 Series Wheel Balancer Operation Instructions...
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Page 31: Balancing Procedures
3. Balancing Procedures 3.1 Mounting the Wheel on the Balancer Spindle CAUTION: Use only cones and accessories that are specifically designed for the GSP9200 Lite. Since today’s vehicle designs are lighter and more sensitive to road feel, it is critical to achieve the best balance. -
Page 32: Mounting Error Detection Features
Mounting Error Detection Features To verify that the tire/wheel assembly is centering, remount the tire/wheel assembly and observe the results. Do any of the following conditions occur? Weight amount varies excessively Weight location changes If any of these conditions occur, the centering accuracy of the tire/wheel assembly needs to be verified. -
Page 33: Using Plastic Wheel Mounting Washer
Wheels with center holes over 3 9/16 inch diameter require the light truck cone. The light truck cone can be installed from the outside of the wheel. (When using the light truck cone, the plastic clamping cup is not used.) LIGHT TRUCK WHEEL LIGHT... - Page 34 In some cases, the mounting pad of the wheel may be extremely wide, and the standard clamp cup will not properly contact the wheel hub area. In these cases, the optional nine-inch alloy wheel pressure cup may be used in place of the clamping cup. Wheels with center bores over 3 9/16 inch diameter require one of the light truck cones.
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Page 35: Cone/Flange Plate Mounting
Cone/Flange Plate Mounting Wheels may be centered using the lugholes and center bore with a flange plate and centering cone. It is important that a back mounted cone be used to support and center the wheel when using flange plates. The correct flange adaptor setup is determined by: Measure and set the bolt circle diameter and number of studs to use against the lug holes. -
Page 36: Using The Pressure Ring And Spacers
Using the Pressure Ring and Spacers Pressure Ring The pressure ring clips on to the wing nut. It is used in lieu of the clamping cup. It may also be used in place of a clamping cup if space is limited between the wheel and the end of the spindle. -
Page 37: Balance Primary Screen
3.2 Balance Primary Screen The “Balance” primary screen has a choice of two related views: Set Dimensions Balance ® The “Balance” view is the measuring operation of the balancer. The Split Weight softkeys are available in this view on the first row menu. The on-screen switches change the gram/ounce selection, the dynamic/static (blind/round) selection. -
Page 38: Wheel Assembly Selection For Saving Spin Data
3.3 Wheel Assembly Selection for Saving Spin Data Saving Spin Data The GSP9200 Lite tracks the wheel assembly currently being balanced. The balancer assumes that the technician is working “around the vehicle” by beginning at the LEFT FRONT and working around the vehicle in a clockwise fashion. -
Page 39: Print Summary
Repeat “Store Measurements” until all assemblies are complete. Select either “Clear Before Measurements” or “Clear After Measurements” to use that data at another wheel position. To reset all stored measurements, Press the “Menu Shift” until the “Clear Data” selection is available. Select “Clear Data” and “OK” to reset. Print Summary A printout is available that incorporates a detailed image of each wheel assembly with the stored measurements. -
Page 40: Balance Modes
3.4 Balance Modes Select the correct balance mode for each application using the control knob. Refer to “Using the Control knob,” page 16. ® SmartWeight Balancing Technology ® SmartWeight balancing technology is a method of reducing forces on a wheel during ®... -
Page 41: Static Balancing - Traditional Balancing Mode
Static Balancing – Traditional Balancing Mode Static balancing is selected by pointing the indicator to while using the control knob. Static balancing provides a less desirable balance than dynamic balancing. Dynamic balancing should be selected whenever possible to minimize vehicle vibration. -
Page 42: Balancing Procedures For Specific Weight Types And Placement
3.5 Balancing Procedures for Specific Weight Types and Placement Press to change the weight types and placement. The GSP9200 Lite offers Standard Balance, Mixed Weights Balance, Adhesive Weights Balance, and Patch Balance for dynamic and static modes. With these four selections, a correction weight can be placed at an infinite number of locations, based upon the choice of the operator. -
Page 43: Standard Balancing Procedure Using Clip-On Weights
STANDARD Balancing Procedure Using Clip-On Weights There are many types of clip-on weights. Determine the correct application before installing weights. Verify that the wheel is clean and free of debris. Remove all previous weights. Mount tire/wheel assembly. Refer to “Mounting the Wheel on the Spindle Shaft,” page 31. . - Page 44 ® NOTE: The Dataset Arm should be positioned in the location for weight placement. Refer to “Measuring Dimensions for Standard Clip-on Weight Balancing,” page 50. Enter the data by holding the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies ®...
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Page 45: Mixed Weights Balancing Procedure Using A Combination Of Clip-On & Adhesive Weights
® If necessary, use the right “ ” to split the weight. Refer to “Split Weight Feature,” page 60. Left and right weight plane displays should show “OK” after checkspin. STANDARD balancing procedure is complete. MIXED WEIGHTS Balancing Procedure Using a Combination of Clip-On & Adhesive Weights Verify that the wheel is clean and free of debris. - Page 46 Do NOT return the arm to the “home” position. ® Using the DOWNWARD position, move the inner Dataset arm disk edge to the location for placement of the right edge of the adhesive weight on the right weight plane and enter data by holding the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been captured.
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Page 47: Adhesive Weights Balancing Procedure Using Adhesive Weights
ADHESIVE WEIGHTS Balancing Procedure Using Adhesive Weights Verify that the wheel is clean and free of debris. Remove all previous weights. Mount tire/wheel assembly. Refer to “Mount the Wheel on the Spindle Shaft,” page 31. . Use the arrows to select “ADHESIVE WEIGHTS BALANCE” and Press press “OK.”... -
Page 48: Automatic Dataset
Attach the adhesive weight for the left weight plane using the weight amount shown on the LCD. BDC placement should be used. Refer to “Manual Weight Position Measurement,” page 49. ® to split the weight. Refer to “Split Weight Feature,” If necessary, use the left page 60. -
Page 49: Automatic Weight Position Measurement
While on the “Set Dimensions” view of the “Balance” primary screen, the control knob can be used to enter rim dimensions manually. ® Hunter Engineering Company recommends using the inner and outer Dataset arms ® to enter dimensions. Refer to “Auto Dataset Arm Operation,”... -
Page 50: Measuring Dimensions For Standard Clip-On Weight Balancing
Measuring Dimensions for Standard Clip-on Weight Balancing ® To measure rim dimensions for clip-on weights, pull the inner Dataset arm away from the weight tray and UPWARD until it is touching the top of the wheel inner rim ® lip. While the Dataset arm is in place, hold for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been captured. -
Page 51: Measuring Dimensions For Mixed Weights (Clip-On/Adhesive) Balance
Measuring Dimensions for Mixed Weights (Clip-on/Adhesive) Balance ® To measure rim dimensions for the clip-on weight, pull the inner Dataset arm away from the weight tray and UPWARD until it is touching the wheel inner rim lip. Hold the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been captured. -
Page 52: Manual Adhesive Weight Placement
® Move the Dataset arm at the right weight plane location in the DOWNWARD position, by holding the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been captured. Manual Adhesive Weight Placement ® To manually place adhesive weights on the rim after spinning, the inner Dataset should be used to verify the previously inputted distance. - Page 53 Follow the on-screen prompts. Position the valve stem at 12 o’clock, and then press “Enter Valve Stem.” 3. Balancing Procedures 53 GSP9200 Series Wheel Balancer Operation Instructions...
- Page 54 After entering the valve stem position, you will be prompted to loosen the wheel and re-clamp at one half turn (approximately 180 degrees) from the current position. Press “Start” when ready to take readings. Once more, position the valve stem at 12 o’clock, and then press “Enter Valve Stem.” If the rim is centered properly, the following screen will appear briefly.
- Page 55 The procedure will repeat the re-centering check up to four times and always compare the previous measurement to the next check. If centering is not achieved after four attempts, the following screen will appear. Check for: Correct mounting cone/adaptor for this wheel design. Wheel defect such as a metal burr interfering with the cone/adaptor.
- Page 56 56 3. Balancing Procedures GSP9200 Series Wheel Balancer Operation Instructions...
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Page 57: Balancing Features And Options
Files) provides tips and procedures for Hunter balancers and tire changers. It also provides a Rolling Smooth Sample Quiz. Additional content will be added to the Hunter Help files and can be updated as new content becomes available. 4. Balancing Features and Options 57... - Page 58 To access Hunter Help: From a balance screen, arrow down to the bottom row of soft keys and select “Help”. From the Main Menu, select the item to view by highlighting the selection. Scroll down by turning the control knob. Press the control knob to view the selection.
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Page 59: Hood Autostart Feature
Some items have sub-menus that will display help on a specific topic. Press the control knob to view the selected topic. Detailed help on specific topics can also be printed. Select “Print” to print the page currently being viewed. Use the forward and back buttons for additional navigation. Scroll up or down to locate the “Main Menu”... -
Page 60: Loose Hub Detect Feature
4.4 Loose Hub Detect Feature When the GSP9200 Lite senses that the wheel is loose, it will automatically stop the spin. You should tighten the wing nut before proceeding. NOTE: If the wing nut appears to be tight, remove the wing nut and then clean and lubricate the spindle threads. -
Page 61: Correcting Large Imbalances
Press the green “START” button with the safety hood in the RAISED position and the GSP9200 Lite will find the first split weight plane. Attach the appropriate weight as displayed on the console. Continue pressing “START” with the safety hood in the RAISED position and attaching the weights until all weights shown on the console have been applied. - Page 62 ® Rotate the wheel to position the Dataset arm behind an adjacent spoke (nearest spoke in either direction). Enter the data by holding the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been captured. Release the ®...
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Page 63: Re-Entering Similar Wheel After Split Spoke Is Enabled
® Re-entering Similar Wheel after Split Spoke is Enabled ® mode is enabled, use the “Set New Spoke Location” key to input Once Split Spoke the spoke orientation of the other three rims from a set to avoid re-measuring the weight plane dimensions each time. - Page 64 Measure the distance from the left weight plane to the desired right weight plane, using a tape measure. This distance must be in millimeters (convert inches to millimeters by multiplying by 25.4). Measure the weight plane diameter manually, using caliper or tape measure. NOTE: This may need to be done before the wheel is mounted on the GSP9200 Lite.
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Page 65: Real-Time Predictions With Smartweight
Press the green “START” button with the safety hood in the RAISED position and the GSP9200 Lite will servo to the location for the right adhesive weight plane (dynamic) or the static adhesive weight plane (static), aligned with the first spoke. With the servo enabled, attach the adhesive weight behind the first spoke using the weight amount shown on the LCD. -
Page 66: Optional Hammerhead Tdc Laser Adhesive Weight Locator
™ 4.9 Optional HammerHead TDC Laser Adhesive Weight Locator The HammerHead™ TDC Laser System automatically displays a vivid line at top dead center after a wheel has been spun. The laser turns “off” when the wheel is spun again. CAUTION: Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. -
Page 67: Specific Precautions / Hammerhead™ Tdc Laser System
Specific Precautions / HammerHead™ TDC Laser System The TDC (Top Dead Center) Laser Indicator is a class 2M laser designed to aid in applying clip-on weights. The laser is not a field serviceable or adjustable part. Use caution in regard to reflective materials around the laser and never look into the laser beam. -
Page 68: Print Summary
4.10 Print Summary Balance screens have “Print Summary” and “Save ‘Before’ Measurements” keys on the last key row. The printout from the balance screens and diagnosis explanation (if it exists), replaces up to four screen prints with one much faster formatted output. Press the “Save ‘Before’... -
Page 69: Equipment Information
5. Equipment Information 5.1 Software Identification Selecting “Identify Software” from the logo screen will display the software version. Trademarks may also be viewed from this screen. 5.2 Program Cartridge Removal and Installation Remove the rear cover from the support assembly for the LCD display by removing the six #8 screws. -
Page 70: Balancer Set Up
5.4 Service Mode Setup and Features NOTE: Service Mode should only be used by authorized users or Hunter Engineering Company authorized service personnel. Some options in Service Mode may not be available. Options in Service Mode are dependent on the specific authorization key installed. -
Page 71: Main Selections
NORMAL/LARGE ASSEMBLIES SWITCH ENABLE/DISABLE SMARTWEIGHT NON-SMARTWEIGHT SWITCH BALANCING ENABLE/DISABLE STATIC FORCE SWITCH LIMITS COUPLE FORCE OUNCE/GRAM LIMITS STATIC BLIND AMOUNT WEIGHTSAVER RESIDUAL GOAL OUNCE/GRAM SHOW PER-SPIN DYNAMIC SAVINGS BLIND AMOUNT SHOW ACCUMULATED ROUND AMOUNT SAVINGS SELECTION SHOW OUNCES/GRAMS Click on the control knob to change the fields. The current selected field will be highlighted with a description at the bottom of the screen. -
Page 72: Smartweight ® Options - Setting Up The Force Limits
® SmartWeight Options - Setting Up the Force Limits NOTE: The force limits values are set to exact default measurements and should not be changed except by qualified personnel for very specific reasons. Force Limits can be adjusted for the up and down static force and the side-to-side couple force. -
Page 73: Calibration And Maintenance
6. Calibration and Maintenance 6.1 Calibration Procedures The “Calibration” primary screen can be selected by pressing “Calibrate” from the “Logo” screen. The “Calibration Procedures” primary screen contains a list box of calibration procedures. As the procedures are individually highlighted by selecting “”... -
Page 74: Balancer (3 Spin Procedure)
Balancer (3 Spin Procedure) CAUTION: Remove all cones from shaft prior to beginning calibration procedures. Select “Calibrate” from the “Logo” screen. Select “Balancer” from the “Calibration Procedures” primary screen. Select “Begin Procedure.” Spin 1: Lower hood and press the green “START” button. Spin 2: Lift hood and install calibration weight on the left side of the faceplate in either hole by threading the calibration weight clockwise into the hole. -
Page 75: Inner Dataset ® Arm (Calibration Tool, 221-672-1, Required)
® Inner Dataset Arm (Calibration Tool, 221-672-1, Required) Select “Calibrate” from the “Logo” screen. Select “Inner Dataset” from the “Calibration Procedures” primary screen. Select “Begin Procedure.” Verify that the inner arm is in the “home” position at the top of the weight tray and is not moving. - Page 76 Position the calibration tool parallel to the floor. Enter the data by holding the dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has been ® captured. Release the Dataset arm. NOTE: To verify that the tool is parallel to the floor, measure from both ends of the calibration tool to the floor.
- Page 77 ® arm at upward position “2.” Enter the data by holding the Place the inner Dataset dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has ® been captured. Release the Dataset arm. ® arm at upward position “3.” Enter the data by holding the Place the inner Dataset dataset arm in place for two seconds, a beep signifies that the measurement has ®...
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Page 78: Quick Calibration Check Procedure
Quick Calibration Check Procedure Quick Cal™ Check can be performed from the “Logo” primary screen immediately after initial boot-up or after a reset is performed. It provides a quick way to check the calibration of the force sensors used for balancing. NOTE: Quick Cal™... -
Page 79: Force Sensors
Most of the diagnostic data is available for the sole purpose of conveying information to your Hunter Service Representative. Your service representative may request information from these screens to diagnose service concerns. The ability to convey diagnostic data to the representative prior to servicing the GSP9200 Lite will expedite service to your equipment. -
Page 80: Maintenance
6.5 Maintenance Spindle Hub Face and Shaft Keep the shaft and wing nut threads clean and lubricated. Lubricate the shaft without contaminating the hub face. Select “Clean Spindle Threads” from the “Balance” primary screen. Run the edge of a rag between the threads while the spindle is slowly turned by the motor drive. -
Page 81: Glossary
7. Glossary Amplitude (Magnitude) The amount of force or the intensity of the vibration. Back Coning When the wheel requires the cone to center the wheel on the balancer’s shaft from the backside, primarily due to the chamfer of the wheel. Also referred to as Back-Cone Mounting. - Page 82 Frequency The number of disturbances that occur per unit of time. Front Coning When the wheel requires the cone to center the wheel on the balancer’s shaft from the front. Also referred to as Front-Cone Mounting. Harmonic A vibration that is identified by the number of occurrences per revolution. For example, a 1st harmonic vibration has a once per revolution vibration component.
- Page 83 Resonance The point where a vibrating component’s frequency matches the natural frequency of another component. Responding Component The noticeable component that is vibrating. Road Force A change in the force between the wheel and the axle while rotating under a load. Discrepancy in road force can cause a vibration although the tire and rim may be perfectly round and the tire is balanced.
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