Campbell VWIRE 305 Product Manual
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Campbell VWIRE 305 Product Manual

8-channel dynamic vibrating-wire analyzer
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Revision: 11/2020
Copyright © 2019 –
2020
Campbell Scientific, Inc.

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Summary of Contents for Campbell VWIRE 305

  • Page 1 Revision: 11/2020 Copyright © 2019 – 2020 Campbell Scientific, Inc.

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    7.3.3 Power requirements 7.3.4 Compliance 7.3.5 Physical attributes 8. Installation 8.1 Install driver for computer connection 8.2 Operating systems 8.3 Configuring VWIRE 305 8.3.1 Configuring using DVW Toolbox and LoggerNet 8.3.2 Configuring with the CPIAddModule() instruction Table of Contents - i...
  • Page 3 8.8 Mounting in an enclosure 8.9 Field installation 8.9.1 Field installation equipment 8.9.2 Field installation procedure 9. Operation 9.1 VWIRE 305 sample rate 9.2 VWIRE 305 settings 9.3 VWIRE 305 outputs 9.4 Connections 9.4.1 Sensor connections 9.4.2 CPI network bit rate 9.5 Analyzers and channel numbers...
  • Page 4 9.7.5 Frequency filters 9.7.5.1 Harmonics 9.7.5.2 Estimated frequency range 9.7.5.3 Actual frequency range Matching estimated and actual frequency ranges 9.7.6 Frequency warning flags 9.7.7 Sample rate and noise performance 9.7.8 Standard deviation 9.8 Sensors 9.8.1 Sensor basic design features 9.8.2 Basic measurement of the sensor 9.8.3 Vibrating wire length and tension 9.8.4 Sensor output frequency range and maximum sample rate 9.8.5 Temperature sensor...

  • Page 5: Introduction

    You can use an analyzer without a data logger in a bench test, or one or more analyzers with a Campbell Scientific data logger in a field installation. This manual discusses the use of the VWIRE 305 with the following products, which are sold separately:...

  • Page 6: Quickstart

    (p. 12). 4. Quickstart This procedure will get the VWIRE 305 set up to make measurements before connecting it to a GRANITE data logger. This procedure, makes real-time measurements of vibrating wire sensors. It does not store data (storing data requires an attached data logger).

  • Page 7: Procedure

    FIGURE 4-1. General schematic 4.2 Procedure 1. Install DVW Toolbox software on the computer. The DVW Toolbox installation also installs USB drivers for the VWIRE 305. 2. Connect the sensors to the VWIRE 305 (FIGURE 4-2 (p. 3) and FIGURE 4-3 (p. 4)). For...
  • Page 8 3. Connect the power supply to the VWIRE 305 power connector as shown. FIGURE 4-4. Opening the power connector terminals 4. Plug in the power supply. The VWIRE 305 COMM Status light flashes yellow. Channel Status lights may flash or remain dark.
  • Page 9 DVW Toolbox and the VWIRE 305 connect and the button at lower left will show Disconnect. Device Type, Serial Number, Device Name, and CPI address at lower center are active. Depending on the state in which the VWIRE 305 was last used, channels may or may not be enabled.

  • Page 10: Programming Quickstart Using Dvw Toolbox

    Boundaries see VWIRE 305 settings (p. 23), and VWIRE 305 outputs (p. 28). 5. Programming quickstart using DVW Toolbox Campbell Scientific DVW Toolbox is an easy way to generate a simple CRBasic program for your Campbell Scientific data acquisition system. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 11: Overview

    CPI bus. Use the CPI calculator at www.campbellsci.com/downloads/cpi-calculator to estimate the usage and capacity of a CPI network. To avoid skipped scans and frame errors with a VWIRE 305 network, the CPI bus load should not exceed 75%. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 12: Dynamic Sample Rates

    FIGURE 6-1. VWIRE 305 6.2 Dynamic sample rates The VWIRE 305 makes dynamic measurements at 50, 20, 10, 5, or 3 mS (20, 50, 100, 200, or 333 Hz) depending on the resonant frequency. See Table 9-1 (p. 23). 6.3 Static measurement As part of the dynamic measurement, the VWIRE 305 makes a static measurement at 1 Hz.

  • Page 13: Rainflow Histograms

    7. Specifications All Standard Duty (SD) VWIRE 305 units meet electrical specifications in a temperature range of -40 to 70 °C, non-condensing environment. Extended Duty (XD) units are tested over an extended temperature range of -55 to 85 °C. Recommended calibration interval is every three years.

  • Page 14: Temperature - Specifications

    Bridge resistor: 4.99 kΩ 0.1 % Excitation voltage: 1.5 V 7.3 Module 7.3.1 Communications CPI: RJ45 interface to Campbell Scientific data loggers, sensors, and GRANITE Measurement Modules. USB: USB micro-B device only, 2.0 full-speed 12 Mbps, for computer connection. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 15: System

    GRANITE data logger, and that data from the GRANITE data loggercan be collected to a computer. 8.1 Install driver for computer connection 8.2 Operating systems 8.3 Configuring VWIRE 305 8.4 Data logger connection 8.5 Connecting multiple GRANITE Measurement Modules VWIRE 305...

  • Page 16: Install Driver For Computer Connection

    Installing the VWIRE 305 may require a connection to a computer. Install the device driver before plugging the VWIRE 305 into your computer for the first time. You will need the device driver properly installed before you can connect to the VWIRE 305 via USB. To install the device driver using the Device Configuration Utility, select GRANITE >...

  • Page 17: Configuring Using Dvw Toolbox And Loggernet

    Device Configuration Utility or the CPIStatus table. 8.3.3 Configuring with Device Configuration Utility Install the device driver before connecting the VWIRE 305 to a computer. This is optional for Windows 10, or later, operating systems. 1. Open Device Configuration Utility.

  • Page 18: Configuring With Cpistatus Table

    To allow daisy-chaining, two CPI ports are available on the VWIRE 305. Either can be used for connection to a data logger. The CPI port on VWIRE 305 connects directly to the CPI port on a GRANITE data logger module, CR6 and the CR1000X.

  • Page 19: Connecting Multiple Granite Measurement Modules

    For best performance, CPI terminators (supplied in GRANITE Network Kit) are usually installed in the open CPI ports at both ends of a daisy-chain network. But a half-terminated bus is also allowed by using only the resistors at the data logger end of the network. For more information see: https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/technical-papers/cpi-bus.pdf. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 20: Star Topology

    FIGURE 8-2. Multiple GRANITE Measurement Modules connected in a star topology 8.6 Power connection Connect the power supply to the removable Power connector on the side of the VWIRE 305. Power supplies providing voltages from 9.6 to 32 VDC may be used.

  • Page 21: Power-Up Sequence

    This procedure will reduce the time required to synchronize the CPI bus. When the VWIRE 305 is powered up, the COMM Status light will flash yellow. Depending on the state the VWIRE 305 was left in when last powered up, one or more of the Channel Status lights may also flash.
  • Page 22 FIGURE 8-4. Enclosure backplate mounting If mounting to a DIN rail, use the GRANITE-series DIN-Rail Kit as shown in the following images. FIGURE 8-5. GRANITE DIN-Rail Mounting Kit VWIRE 305...

  • Page 23: Field Installation

    This section discusses installation of a simple VWIRE 305 field station. Unlike the quickstart, a field station includes a data logger to control and collect data from the VWIRE 305. Capacity of the power supply is CRITICAL. VWIRE 305 field stations require continuous AC power or large solar panels and batteries.

  • Page 24: Field Installation Procedure

    3. Connect the GRANITE data logger CPI port to the VWIRE 305CPI port using an RJ45 terminated CAT5e, or better, cable. 4. Place the CPI terminator (supplied in GRANITE Network Kit) in the remaining open CPI port as shown below. FIGURE 8-8. CPI terminator placement VWIRE 305...
  • Page 25 9. In LoggerNet > Connect, monitor the system by viewing the variables: Freq, Diag, StaticFreq, Therm, and DynStdDev. For example, consider a station that includes a VWIRE 305 analyzer with a sensor connected to input channel 1. In the Numeric Monitor, the data logger Public table will...

  • Page 26: Operation

    9.9 Status of input channels and sensors 9.1 VWIRE 305 sample rate The sample rate, the rate at which the VWIRE 305 measures the vibrating wire signal, is a key setting from which other VWIRE 305 settings and outputs are derived. The allowed sample rate is a function of the natural-resonant frequency of the sensor.

  • Page 27: Vwire 305 Settings

    Rates include the time needed to write data to a memory card. They do not include time needed to measure sensors outside the VWIRE 305 network. The fastest that a vibrating wire gage can be measured is approximately 20 percent of the resonant frequency.
  • Page 28 Table 9-2: VWIRE 305 settings DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Setting Definition location, instruction, (alphabetically) options/range parameter (arguments) Main window, CDM_VW300Config() Channel Activates a VWIRE 305 left ChanEnable (0 or Enable column Enable input channel check box CDM_VW300Config() Main window, Address of VWIRE 305...
  • Page 29 Table 9-2: VWIRE 305 settings DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Setting Definition location, instruction, (alphabetically) options/range parameter (arguments) Lower boundary of the operator- Click Settings CDM_VW300Config() determined range of Range: 290 to Low-Frequency LowFreq (290 to valid resonant 6000 Hz Boundary...
  • Page 30 Table 9-2: VWIRE 305 settings DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Setting Definition location, instruction, (alphabetically) options/range parameter (arguments) Click Settings Options: Hz, Hz2, Digits, Scaled Hz, CDM_VW300Config() or Scaled Hz2 Sets the units for the ChanOptions (Hz, Click View > Output Format output data.
  • Page 31 Table 9-2: VWIRE 305 settings DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Setting Definition location, instruction, (alphabetically) options/range parameter (arguments) Click Graph > Rainflow Rainflow CDM_VW300Config() Minimum change in a Histogram Minimum RF_Hyst rainflow histogram. Channel n Change Click field then F1 for guidance.

  • Page 32: Vwire 305 Outputs

    SysOptions (0, 1, are active. See 10, 11) CRBasic Editor Help CDM_ topic VW300Config() SysOptions and Table 9-6 (p. 45). 9.3 VWIRE 305 outputs The following table summarizes VWIRE 305 outputs in DVW Toolbox and CRBasic Editor. VWIRE 305...
  • Page 33 Table 9-3: VWIRE 305 outputs DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Output Definition location, instruction, options output variable parameter Low-frequency boundary set by the Actual VWIRE 305 based on View > Advanced the operator-entered then main screen Frequency VWIRE 305 settings 23) and the results of measurements.
  • Page 34 Table 9-3: VWIRE 305 outputs DVW Toolbox CRBasic Editor Output Definition location, instruction, options output variable parameter Voltage of the vibrating Excitation wire excitation View > Advanced Strength expressed in bits 2 – 2 then main screen of the diagnostic code...

  • Page 35: Connections

    As shown in FIGURE 9-2 (p. 32), five-wire sensors have two additional wires that bridge the embedded thermistor or RTD to the two T terminals on the input channel. T terminals have no polarity. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 36: Cpi Network Bit Rate

    (p. 33) for the maximum cable length allowed for the topology and bit rate your network requires. The bit rate of the network defaults to 250 kbps and can be changed by using CPISpeed() instruction in the data logger program. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 37: Analyzers And Channel Numbers

    Use the CPI calculator at www.campbellsci.com/downloads/cpi-calculator to estimate the usage and capacity of a CPI network. To avoid skipped scans and frame errors with a VWIRE 305 network, the CPI bus load should not exceed 75%. 9.6 Data logger program The data logger controls and collects data from the VWIRE 305, and the CRBasic program controls the data logger.

  • Page 38: Program Code

    CDM_VW300Config() CDM_VW300Config() sends configuration settings to the VWIRE 305. Place it before the BeginProg statement. It does not set the CPI address of the VWIRE 305. The CPI address must be set with DVW Toolbox. CDM_VW300Config (DeviceType, CPIAddress, SysOption, ChanEnable, ResonAmp,...

  • Page 39: Cdm_Vw300Rainflow()

    Configuring with the CPIAddModule() instruction (p. 13). 9.7 Data quality The VWIRE 305 and DVW Toolbox have the following features to help you evaluate the quality of vibrating wire data. For more discussion about some of these features, see VSPECT measurement theory (p.

  • Page 40: Amplitude Warning Flags

    These codes include information about excitation strength, frequency warning flags, and amplitude warning flags. When using a data logger with the VWIRE 305, write program code to interpret the diagnostic codes. An alternative is to save diagnostic codes with the measurement data and interpret the codes with post processing.

  • Page 41: Dvw Toolbox Errors

    A measurement can have both an amplitude warning flag and a frequency warning flag. 9.7.3 DVW Toolbox errors As shown in FIGURE 9-3 (p. 38), DVW Toolbox Error Indicators, DVW Toolbox indicates measurement errors in the following ways: Information icon in the Channel. Click icon for more information. Red or flashing-red measurement values VWIRE 305...

  • Page 42: Excitation Strength

    (higher excitation strength) is required to produce the signal. 9.7.5 Frequency filters 9.7.5.1 Harmonics 9.7.5.2 Estimated frequency range 9.7.5.3 Actual frequency range VWIRE 305...

  • Page 43: Harmonics

    Also, spurious noise sources can be excluded from the measurement range by selecting appropriate range boundaries. If adjusting frequency boundaries does not reduce error, force the VWIRE 305 to re-assess the primary frequency by either disabling then re-enabling the input channel or by resending the CRBasic program to the data logger.

  • Page 44: Matching Estimated And Actual Frequency Ranges

    Table 9-1 (p. 23) as a reference. For example, if the data logger scan interval is set to 500 ms, the VWIRE 305 sample rate is 20 Hz and its boundary resolution is 47.68 Hz. If you estimate the low-frequency boundary at 150 Hz, the nearest multiple of 47.68 Hz that is less than the estimate is 143.04 Hz (3...

  • Page 45: Frequency Warning Flags

    3000 Hz, you can set the low-frequency boundary to 2000 Hz and the high-frequency boundary to 3000 Hz. The VWIRE 305 will adjust the boundaries to 1907.3 Hz and 3051.68. If a measurement falls between 1907.3 and 2000, a low-frequency warning flag is raised. If a measurement falls between 3000 and 3051.68, a high frequency warning flag is raised.

  • Page 46: Sensors

    FIGURE 9-5. Basic design features of a vibrating wire sensor 9.8.2 Basic measurement of the sensor The VWIRE 305 applies excitation and measures the return vibrating wire signal on the plucking and pickup coil wires. It applies excitation and measures the return temperature signal on the thermistor wires.

  • Page 47: Sensor Output Frequency Range And Maximum Sample Rate

    Higher VWIRE 305 sampling rates require higher and tighter sensor frequency-output ranges. The vibrating wire in a sensor must vibrate five to 10 times per measurement for the VWIRE 305 to pick it up. Longer gages, such as those that vibrate near 900 Hz, cannot be measured at higher VWIRE 305 scan rates because the wire does not vibrate fast enough to get the required number of vibrations for a measurement.
  • Page 48 Thermistor column should now be the current temperature expressed in degrees Celsius. For DGSI sensors, our C coefficient equals their D coefficient. Set up the VWIRE 305 to convert the resistance to temperature by entering the Steinhart-Hart coefficients into VWIRE 305 settings using DVW Toolbox, Device Configuration Utility, or a program created with CRBasic Editor.

  • Page 49: Status Of Input Channels And Sensors

    These may be on the calibration sheet. 9.9 Status of input channels and sensors The status of VWIRE 305 input channels and the sensors connected to them can be determined by interpreting the state of the Channel Status lights. The following table summarizes the interpretation of these states.

  • Page 50: Cpistatus Table

    4. Verify that each VWIRE 305 in the network has a unique CPI address. 5. Check the data logger and VWIRE 305 operating system and update them as needed. 6. Check that the scan rate is long enough for the measurement time. The data logger compiler often catches scan rates that are too fast.

  • Page 51: Comm Status Led

    Frame sync Flash CPI activity Orange Solid CPI bus fault 10.4 Replacing a GRANITE measurement module An existing VWIRE 305 can be replaced with a new module using the same CPI address without requiring a change to the program. VWIRE 305...

  • Page 52: References And Attributions

    Jacobsen, L.E. and S.S. Cornelsen, "System And Method For Measuring The Frequency Of A Vibrating Object." U.S. Patent 8671758, March 18, 2014. Madsen, C., S. Cornelsen, “Designing Physical Network Layouts for the CPI Bus”, Campbell Scientific, Inc, March 20, 2014.

  • Page 53: Appendix A. Vspect Measurement Theory

    To improve dynamic measurements, the VWIRE 305 measures a static frequency at 1 Hz and uses it as a reference in noise rejection. Since the VWIRE 305 samples only a few cycles of the wire each time it makes a dynamic measurement, the spectral resolution is coarser than when using all captured data.

  • Page 54: Appendix B. Vibrating Wire Digits Conversion

    The VWIRE 305 is usually set up to measure frequency in units of Hertz (Hz), but some calibration sheets report data in units of digits or B units. If this is the case with your sensor, convert Hertz to...
  • Page 55 FIGURE B-1. Geokon calibration report VWIRE 305...

  • Page 56: Appendix C. Calculating Vibrating Wire Measurement Error

    Values for N are found in the fifth column of VWIRE 305 sample rates and specifications (p. 23). For a specific VWIRE 305 scan rate, use the corresponding N value in place of ∆f. Eq. 2 (p. 52) is then expressed as follows: = 2KfN Eq.

  • Page 57: Error Example: Dgsi Embedment Strain Gage

    ∆µε = GBfN / 500 N is the noise level given in VWIRE 305 sample rates and specifications (p. 23) corresponding to the VWIRE 305 scan rate being used. C.2 Error example: DGSI embedment strain gage K = G G = 4.0624E–03 Microstrain: µε...

  • Page 58: Error Example: Geokon 4420 Crack Meter

    ∆s = GfN / 500 C.5 Error example: DGSI piezometer 52611099 Pressure: P = Af + Bf + C A, B, and C are gage factors. Effective resolution: = ∆P ∆P = (2Af + B)N ∆P = 2AfN + BN VWIRE 305...

  • Page 59: Appendix D. Measuring Thermistors And Prts

    D.1 Converting PRT resistance to temperature The VWIRE 305 analyzer does not support direct PRT measurement conversion to temperature, but it does measure PRT resistance. You can add lines of code to the CRBasic data logger program to convert PRT resistance to temperature, or you can convert the resistance as part of a post-processing operation in a spread sheet or other software.

  • Page 60: Thermistor Measurement Accuracy And Resolution

    If the vibrating wire measurement is temperature corrected, then Factor 2 does affect the vibrating wire measurement. For this reason, in applications where temperature measurement errors must be minimized, the sensor cable should be shielded from the sun and other sources of significant thermal potential, hot or cold. VWIRE 305...
  • Page 61 FIGURE D-2. Temperature error offsets at three temperatures as a function of cable length. Wire is 22 AWG, 16 Ω per 1000 feet. Factors 4 through 7 are usually very small and ignored. VWIRE 305...
  • Page 62 See Product Details on the Ordering Information pages at www.campbellsci.com. Other manufacturer's products, that are resold by Campbell Scientific, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
  • Page 63 Campbell Scientific office serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization or Repair Reference number, contact your CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC regional office. Please write the issued number clearly on the outside of the shipping container and ship as directed.
  • Page 64 WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR...
  • Page 65 Campbell Scientific regional offices Australia France Thailand Location: Garbutt, QLD Australia Location: Vincennes, France Location: Bangkok, Thailand Phone: 61.7.4401.7700 Phone: 0033.0.1.56.45.15.20 Phone: 66.2.719.3399 Email: info@campbellsci.com.au Email: info@campbellsci.fr Email: info@campbellsci.asia Website: www.campbellsci.com.au Website: www.campbellsci.fr Website: www.campbellsci.asia Brazil Germany Location: São Paulo, SP Brazil...

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