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Summary of Contents for Newport Cornerstone 130B
- Page 1 ™ Cornerstone 130B 1/8m Monochromator Family User's Manual 90088262 MCS130B, Rev B...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION ....................5 SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS ................6 GENERAL WARNINGS ..................7 ELECTRICAL HAZARDS ..................7 MECHANICAL HANDLING ..................8 OPTICS CARE AND HANDLING................8 INTRODUCTION........................ 9 OPTICAL CONFIGURATION ................... 9 STRAY LIGHT REJECTION ...................10... - Page 3 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.4 HANDSHAKE MODE.....................65 15.5 CS130B COMMAND REFERENCE SUMMARY ............65 15.6 DETAILED COMMAND REFERENCE..............65 15.7 ERROR CODES ....................65 APPENDIX II: HAND CONTROLLER COMMANDS ...............65 16.1 ACTIVATING THE HAND CONTROLLER..............65 16.2 USING THE KEYPAD ....................65 16.3 KEY REFERENCE ....................66 APPENDIX IV: GRATING PHYSICS TUTORIAL ..............68...
- Page 4 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Optical Configuration of the Cornerstone 130B ..............9 Figure 2: Model Number Codes....................10 Figure 3: Tunable Monochromatic Light Source ................11 Figure 4: Monochromator with Lock-In Digital Amplifier ..............11 Figure 5: Model 74017 Mounting Kit....................13 Figure 6: Monochromator Connections ..................15...
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Page 5: General Information
Do not attempt to operate any system without reading all the information provided with each of the components. Please read all instructions that were provided prior to operation of the system. If there are any questions, please contact Newport Corp. or the representative through whom the system was purchased. -
Page 6: Symbols And Definitions
Hazard arising from dangerous voltage. Any mishandling could result in irreparable damage to the equipment, and personal injury or death. EUROPEAN UNION CE MARK The presence of the CE Mark on Newport Corporation equipment means that it has been designed, tested and certified as complying with... -
Page 7: General Warnings
Read all warnings before ins t alling or operating this system. If there are any questions or concerns, contact Oriel Ins t ruments or t he regional sales representative for Newport. -
Page 8: Mechanical Handling
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS MECHANICAL HANDLING Avoid dropping, sudden shocks, or rough handling of the monochromator since this may cause the system to go out of calibration and may destroy the high precision drive components or optics. OPTICS CARE AND HANDLING Do not touch any optical surfaces since this is likely to cause irreparable damage. -
Page 9: Introduction
This is especially beneficial in universities and secure facilities. A wide selection of grating models is available for the Cornerstone 130B, as well as special order options. Throughput and resolution can be adjusted by selecting the appropriate slit size. Fixed slits are available for high accuracy and repeatability, and micrometer adjustable slits may be used for maximum flexibility. -
Page 10: Stray Light Rejection
The level of stray light due to the dispersed radiation inside the monochromator is affected by the design of the instrument, its baffles, and interior finish. The Cornerstone 130B incorporates a sophisticated design, proven materials, and a quality manufacturing system to ensure high stray light rejection. -
Page 11: Typical Applications
CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS TYPICAL APPLICATIONS The applications for the Cornerstone 130B monochromator are practically limitless. Here we present two examples: a tunable monochromatic light source and an optically chopped light source used with a lock-in digital amplifier to extract small signal levels from background radiation. -
Page 12: Initial Setup
. Ins pec t the shipping box for external signs of damage or mishandling. Inspect the contents for damage. If any item is missing or damaged, immediately contact Newport or the representative from whom the system was purchased. -
Page 13: Mounting Options
The feet may be removed to secure the base plate to an inch or metric optical table. The most economical option is to use optical rods and rod holders to mount the Cornerstone 130B to an optical table or breadboard. On the monochromator’s mounting surface, four #1/4-20 threaded holes may be used to install standard optical rods. -
Page 14: Electrical And Computer Connections
Read all warnings before ins t alling or operating this system. If there are any questions or concerns, contact Oriel Ins t ruments or t he regional sales representative for Newport. ELECTRICAL SHOCK Never attempt to open the lamp power supply or monochromator power adapter. -
Page 15: Figure 6: Monochromator Connections
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Figure 6: Monochromator Connections A USB cable (model 70044) and RS232 cable (model 70040) are included with each Corners t one 130B. If using a commercially available USB/GPIB or USB/RS232 converter cable, the driver for this cable must be installed before communication to the monochromator can be established. -
Page 16: Shutter
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS SHUTTER An electronic shutter is integrated into the Cornerstone B monochromator’s design. It is mounted ins ide the housing at the input port. This shutter is normally closed. The shutter is used to close the light path when output light is not required. This allows the light source to remain on, and therefore remain warmed up, so that it continues to provide stable performance. -
Page 17: Input And Output Slits
To operate any monochromator, slits are required at the input and output port. The slit assemblies offered with the Cornerstone 130B all have 1.5-inch male flanges, allowing them to be easily connected to the wide variety of Oriel accessories and instruments. -
Page 18: Micrometer Adjustable Slits
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS MICROMETER ADJUSTABLE SLITS Micrometer adjustable slit assemblies are continuously variable from fully closed (4 µm) t o 3 mm width. A height adjustment slide allows variation in the height from 3 to 12 mm. Benefits of the micrometer adjustable slits are flexibility and high throughput. -
Page 19: Figure 11: Shortest Micrometer Adjustable Slit Height
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS The slit height is continuously adjustable. Pull the lever out for the shortest height. Push the slide in for the tallest height setting. Figure 11: Shortest Micrometer Adjustable Slit Height Figure 12: Tallest Micrometer Adjustable Slit Height... -
Page 20: Diffraction Gratings
The Cornerstone 130B monochromators feature diffraction gratings produced by Richardson Gratings. Both Oriel Instruments and Richardson Gratings are part of Newport, and have a long history of work ing together to design monochromators that are appropriate for a wide variety of applications. -
Page 21: Grating Types
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS GRATING TYPES Ruled grating masters are produced using a ruling engine with an extremely fine cutting tool. Holographic gratings (also called interference gratings) are produced by recording interference fringes in photoresist. The different techniques cause some differences in performance. -
Page 22: Grating Efficiency And Blazing
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS GRATING EFFICIENCY AND BLAZING Efficiency and its variation with wavelength and spectral order are important characteristics of a diffraction grating. For a reflection grating, efficiency is defined as the energy flow (power) of monochromatic light diffracted into the order being measured, relative either to the energy flow of the incident light (absolute efficiency) or to the energy flow of specular reflection from a polished mirror substrate coated with the same material (relative efficiency). -
Page 23: Figure 15: Grating Efficiency Curves For Cs130B Monochromator Pre-Configured Models
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS High Resolution Configuration Holographic Grating Configuration Extended Range Configuration Near Infrared Configuration Figure 15: Grating Efficiency Curves for CS130B Monochromator Pre-Configured Models... -
Page 24: Polarization Effects
S and P-polarization for optics where the plane of incidence, rather than the grooves, are used to define parallel and perpendicular. The graphs for the Cornerstone 130B configurations have one efficiency curve per grating. This is representative of 45-degree polarization, which is the average of the P-polarization and S- polarization efficiency curves. -
Page 25: Monochromator Resolution
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS MONOCHROMATOR RESOLUTION Gratings are available in various groove densities (i.e. lines/mm). Higher groove densities give higher reciprocal dispersion and therefore higher resolution. The monochromator bandpass with a 1200 lines/mm grating is half that of the same arrangement with a 600 lines/mm grating. Note that t his simple relationship is not accurate for slit widths below 50 µm, as the optical aberrations begin to play a role in... -
Page 26: Determining Resolution
Resolution is calculated for each grating at the grating's blaze wavelength, i.e. the wavelength with the greatest efficiency. Actual performance is determined by the monochromator wavelength accuracy, precision and calibration. Newport suggests having the monochromator recalibrated annually by a qualified service technician. -
Page 27: Figure 17: Some Of The Fixed Slit Sizes Available
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Calculation of Resolution Based on Fixed Slit Selection Grating 1 Grating 2 Grating 1 Grating 2 Slit Fixed Slit Width Extended Range Configuration VIS-NIR Configuration 77222 10 µm* 0.11 nm 0.11 nm 0.11 nm 0.21 nm 77221 50 µm*... -
Page 28: Getting Light Into A Monochromator
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS GETTING LIGHT INTO A MONOCHROMATOR ACCEPTANCE PYRAMID The figure below shows the optical path of the light input to the instrument. The monochromator has an acceptance pyramid, often described by an F/#. The position and dimensions of the internal optics determines the pyramid. -
Page 29: F Number Matching
CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS F NUMBER MATCHING The Cornerstone 130B monochromator is an F/3.9 instrument. Without matching the F/# of the incoming light beam, stray light increases and throughput of desired signal suffers. To illustrate this, the photos below show a fiber optic cable placed at the entrance of a monochromator. Fibers are typically F/2. -
Page 30: Blocking Higher Order Radiation
Erroneous measurements may be taken because what was thought to be a measurement wit h a single wavelength was actually a measurement using radiation at that wavelength – but contaminated with higher order radiation. Consider using Newport’s Colored-Glass Alternative Filters for blocking higher order diffraction. -
Page 31: Communication Methods
CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS COMMUNICATION METHODS In order to satisfy the needs of as many users as possible, the Cornerstone 130B is designed to be controlled from a variety of sources. The Cornerstone 130B is capable of automatically controlling an optional filter wheel, Models USFW-100 or 74010. -
Page 32: Figure 23: Model 74010 Filter Wheel
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Figure 23: Model 74010 Filter Wheel... -
Page 33: Utility Software
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 10.1 UTILITY SOFTWARE LabVIEW-based utility software is included at no extra cost with all monochromator and spectrograph models to control both the instrument and filter wheel accessory. The utility software provided with the monochromator includes USB drivers for Windows 7 or 10 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems, as well as Mac OS. -
Page 34: Hand Controller
Hand Controller is intuitive and provides access to nearly all the functionality of the monochromators and spectrographs. It comes with a 14-foot [4.3 meter] long cable. Hand Controller commands are listed in Appendix II of this user’s manual. Figure 25: Cornerstone 130B Monochromator with 74009 Hand Controller... -
Page 35: Tracq Basic Software
TracQ Basic is an application integrating Oriel monochromators with various detection instruments, such as the Newport Optical Power and Energy Meters, 1918-R, 1936-R and 2936-R, plus Oriel’s LIDA-SRS-KIT. Software prompts guide users through the measurement process. -
Page 36: Grating Installation And Calibration
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS GRATING INSTALLATION AND CALIBRATION Grating installation and field calibration are typically performed at one of Newport’s manufacturing locations, or by qualified field service personnel. The instructions provided in this section are for advanced users only. -
Page 37: Determining The Grating Calibration Factor
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 11.3 DETERMINING THE GRATING CALIBRATION FACTOR The following procedure allows advanced users to perform a two-point grating calibration. Procedure: 1. Select a radiation source that has at least two narrow spectral lines in the wavelength region of interest. -
Page 38: Grating Installation
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 11.5 GRATING INSTALLATION Each grating comes mounted and aligned on a grating mount. For most applications, there is no need to adjust this grating holder. Refer to the general warnings and precautions section of this manual regarding the care and handling of diffraction gratings. -
Page 39: Figure 27: Grating Platform Without Gratings
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Figure 27: Grating Platform without Gratings Figure 28: Grating Platform with Gratings Installed... -
Page 40: Troubleshooting
Cornerstone monochromator. If the tips in this section do not restore the instrument to working condition, contact Newport to arrange for technical support or repair. Contact information can be found in the Warranty and Service section of this user’s manual. -
Page 41: Specifications
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS SPECIFICATIONS General Specifications Focal Length 130 mm F/3.9 Wavelength Selection Method Motorized Usable Wavelength Range 280 to 2500 nm, grating dependent Spectral Resolution Grating dispersion and slit width dependent Wavelength Accuracy +/- 0.25 nm Wavelength Precision +/- 0.075 nm... -
Page 42: Dimensions
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS DIMENSIONS Figure 30: Cornerstone 130B Dimensions... -
Page 43: Figure 31: 74001 Micrometer Adjustable Slit Dimensions
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Figure 31: 74001 Micrometer Adjustable Slit Dimensions Figure 32: 77294 Fixed Slit Dimensions... -
Page 44: Figure 33: Model 74006 Mounting Plate
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Figure 33: Model 74006 Mounting Plate... -
Page 45: Appendix I: Low Level (Remote) Commands And Queries
Commands and Queries may be sent to the CS130B’s RS-232 port using HyperTerminal, PuTTY , YAT, Newport’s MonoTerm, or other similar terminal-emulation programs. Connect a standard 9 - pin PC serial port to the CS130B using a straight-through (not null modem) cable. Once the... - Page 46 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.2 TROUBLESHOOTING RS-232 One of the most common problems when first connecting a PC to an RS-232 device is that the cable may swap the signals. The cable should be the straight-through type, and if you aren’t sure that it is, there are a couple of things you can try.
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Page 47: 15.3 Command And Query Syntax
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.3 COMMAND AND QUERY SYNTAX For the purposes of this discussion, communication with the instrument is divided into t wo t y pes. Messages sent to the CS130B from the computer are called “Statements”, and messages received by the computer from the monochromator are called “Responses”. - Page 48 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Queries If Echo is enabled, the CS130B echoes back all characters it receives on the RS232 port. Additionally, it sends the response to the query. After sending a Query, the application must read back both the echo and the answer.
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Page 49: 15.5 Handshake Mode
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.5 HANDSHAKE MODE In Handshake mode the CS130B sends a status byte after every Statement it receives on the RS232 bus. For queries, the CS130B sends the status byte after the response. This mode may be useful when developing an application using RS232 or when troubleshooting RS232 communication problems. - Page 50 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.6 CS130B COMMAND QUICK REFERENCE SUMMARY Command OVL/SEQ Query Hand Controller Key CALIBRATE [value] SHIFT CALIB ECHO [0/1] ECHO? ERROR? FILTER [f] FILTER? FILTER FILTER[f]LABEL [text] FILTER[f]LABEL? SHIFT LABEL | FILTER FINDHOME GOWAVE [value] GOWAVE?
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Page 51: 15.7 Detailed Command Reference
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.7 DETAILED COMMAND REFERENCE This section describes the syntax, parameters, and functionality for every CS130B Statement. Some Statements appear with some upper-case and some lower-case letters. For example, “GRATing” indicates that the CS130B will accept either the command “grat” or “grating”. The lower-case characters are optional, but if any of them are sent, they all must be sent: in this case “gratin”... - Page 52 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: FILTER Purpose: Move the filter wheel to a desired filter. Parameter: An integer number from 1 to 6. Example: filter 2: rotate the wheel to filter 2. Default: Command: FILTER? Purpose: Query the current filter wheel position. This may be different from the filter setting since it is possible to rotate the wheel manually.
- Page 53 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: GOWAVE Purpose: Store the wavelength setting and rotate the currently-selected grating to the angle that causes the specified wavelength to appear at the output. Parameter: A floating-point number representing the desired wavelength in the currently-selected wavelength units.
- Page 54 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: GRATing Purpose: Store the grating setting and rotate the grating stage to the desired grating (if it’s different from the current grating). The stage will rotate to the location required for the new grating to pass the currently-selected wavelength to the output.
- Page 55 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: GRAT1LINES Purpose: Set the line spacing for grating 1 in lines per mm. Parameter: An integer number from 0 (mirror) to 4000. Example: grat1lines 600: set the lines/mm for grating 1 to 600. Default: 600.
- Page 56 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: IDLE? See if any operations are pending. See the section entitled “Command Purpose: Synchronization”. Example: IDLE? E.g. response 1: no operations are pending. E.g. response 0: an operation is pending. Command: INFO? Purpose: Query for basic instrument information. The response is: “Oriel Instruments, Model 74000 Cornerstone 130,SNXXX,V.VV”...
- Page 57 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: SHUTTER Purpose: Open or close the shutter on the input port. 1 or the character ‘O’ to open the shutter, 0 (zero) or ‘C’ to close. Parameter: Example: shutter 1: open the shutter. Example: shutter c: close the shutter.
- Page 58 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: SLOWSTEP Purpose: Slowly step the grating rotation stage a desired number of steps. Parameter: The number of steps to take. The allowed range is -10000 to 10000. If no parameter is given, the value previously specified by the “stepsize”...
- Page 59 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: UNITS Purpose: Specify wavelength units. Wavelength values will be displayed, reported and accepted in these units. Example: units nm: set wavelength units to nanometers Example: units um: set wavelength units to microns Example: units wn: set wavelength units to wave number (cm...
- Page 60 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Command: *IDN? Query the CS130B’s identification information. The comma-separated Purpose: fields in the response are: Manufacturer ID, instrument, serial number, and firmware version. Example: *IDN? E.g. response: Newport Corp, CS130B,1234,2.01 Command: *ESR? Purpose: Query the contents of the ESR register.
- Page 61 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 15.8 COMMAND SYNCHRONIZATION The CS130B has commands that allow an application to coordinate some of its operations. For example, an application may need to wait for the grating rotation stage to reach a wavelength before it begins to read a detector. The pseudo-code for this would be: •...
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Page 62: 15.9 Error Codes
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS The fourth synchronization operation, also adopted from IEEE488, is only for synchronizing CS130B internal operations. The *WAI command tells the CS130B to store and not process any further commands until all currently pending operations are finished. In essence, when it follows an overlapped command, the *WAI command makes the overlapped command sequential. - Page 63 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Here is the list of the error codes and strings that the CS130B can detect and report. Note t hat some codes are positive and some are negative. Error Code String Explanation -104 Data Type Error Parameter in command has an incorrect character.
- Page 64 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS Filter Wheel Fault Hardware failure: filter wheel not operating properly. Filter Halted Filter command during firmware upgrade.
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Page 65: Cs130B Command Reference Summary
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS APPENDIX II: HAND CONTROLLER COMMANDS The optional 74009 Hand Controller is designed specifically for use with Oriel’s Cornerstone series monochromators and MS260i spectrographs. It is very easy to set up – simply plug it into the ins trument and it’s ready to go. -
Page 66: Key Reference
This key (located directly above GRAT) provides access to the grating label. The label is an eight-character alphanumeric field that is used for information only. Newport assigns the grating blaze wavelength to the label during calibration. However, you can use the keypad to type any number, t hen pres s ENTER to accept that new value. - Page 67 90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS enter the known wavelength. Then press ENTER to change the calibration. The current grating is thus calibrated (by applying an offset) over its entire range. SHUTTER Open and close the shutter by pressing this button. The shutter position is shown in the display as “OPN”...
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Page 68: Appendix Iv: Grating Physics Tutorial
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS APPENDIX IV: GRATING PHYSICS TUTORIAL 17.1 THE GRATING EQUATION A typical diffraction grating consists of a substrate, usually of an “optical material”, with a large number of parallel grooves ruled or replicated in its surface and overcoated with a reflecting material such as aluminum. -
Page 69: The Grating Equation In Practice
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 17.2 THE GRATING EQUATION IN PRACTICE When a parallel beam of monochromatic light is incident on a grating, the light is diffracted from the grating in directions corresponding to m = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. -
Page 70: Grating Order
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 17.3 GRATING ORDER It is important to note the sign of “m” is given by either form of the grating equation and can be positive or negative. In a monochromator, the angles I and D are determined by the rotational position of the grating. -
Page 71: Grating Dispersion
90088262 MCS130B CORNERSTONE 130B MONOCHROMATORS 17.4 GRATING DISPERSION If we fix the angle I in the grating equation and differentiate with respect to wavelength we get: a x cos D x δD = m x δλ Thus: δD/δλ is the angular dispersion or change of diffraction angle corresponding to a s mall c hange in wavelength. -
Page 72: Warranty And Service
Newport Resource catalog is hailed as the premier sourcebook for those in need of advanced technology products and services. It is available by mail request or through Newport 's webs ite. The website is where one will find product updates, interactive demonstrations, specification charts and more. -
Page 73: Request For Assistance / Service
Newport. This RMA number must appear on both the shipping container and the package documents. Return the product to Newport, freight prepaid, clearly marked with the RMA number and it eit her will be repaired or replaced it at Newport's discretion. -
Page 74: Warranty Repair
Except as otherwise expressly stated in Newport’s quote or in the current operating manual or other written guarantee for any of the Products, Newport warrants that, for the period of t ime s et forth below with respect to each Product or component type (the "Warranty Period"), the Produc ts sold hereunder will be free from defects in material and workmanship, and will conform to the applicable specifications, under normal use and service when correctly installed and maintained. -
Page 75: Loaner / Demo Material
Newport's trade secrets to any other person, firm, organiza tion, or employee that does not need (consistent with Customer's right of use hereunder) to obtain access to the Newport Programs and Related Materials. These restricti o n s sh a l l n o t apply to information (1) generally known to the public or obtainable from public sources;...
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