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Instruction Manual
Model 4410
Vibrating Wire Strandmeter
No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of Geokon, Inc.
The information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Geokon, Inc. assumes no responsibility
for errors, omissions, or misinterpretation. The information herein is subject to change without notification.
Copyright © 1994-2017 by Geokon, Inc.
(Doc Rev N, 11/27/17)
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Summary of Contents for Geokon 4410
- Page 1 Model 4410 Vibrating Wire Strandmeter No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of Geokon, Inc. The information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Geokon, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or misinterpretation.
- Page 3 Upon examination by Geokon, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. However, the WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with...
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Page 5: Table Of Contents
..........................11 EMPERATURE ORRECTION 4.4 E ..........................12 NVIRONMENTAL ACTORS 5. TROUBLESHOOTING ............................13 APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATIONS ......................... 15 A.1 M 4410 V ....................15 ODEL IBRATING TRANDMETER A.2 T ) ......................15 HERMISTOR PPENDIX ALSO APPENDIX B. THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION ..............16... - Page 6 FIGURES 1 - M 4410 V ................... 1 IGURE ODEL IBRATING TRANDMETER 2 - M 4410 S ....................2 IGURE ODEL TRANDMETER NSTALLATION 3 - S ..........................3 IGURE PACER OSITION 4 - L ....................... 5 IGURE IGHTNING ROTECTION CHEME 5 - L GK-404 ........................
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Page 7: Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Theory of Operation The Geokon Vibrating Wire Strandmeter is designed to measure change in deformation in wire strands such as those that are commonly used in tiebacks and earth anchors. The instrument consists of a vibrating wire sensing element in series with a heat treated, stress relieved spring which is connected to the wire at one end and a connecting rod at the other. -
Page 8: Installation
25 °C (see Appendix B), and between any conductor and the shield should exceed two megohms. 2.2 Strandmeter Installation Figure 2 - Model 4410 Strandmeter Installation Note: References to the PVC grease tube in the following instructions are for strandmeters used on strands that are to be embedded in concrete. -
Page 9: Electrical Noise
50 or 60 Hz (or other frequency) noise from the power cable and this will likely cause a problem obtaining a stable reading. Contact the factory concerning filtering options available for use with the Geokon dataloggers and readouts should difficulties arise. -
Page 10: Cable Installation And Splicing
Splice kits recommended by Geokon incorporate casts, which are placed around the splice and are then filled with epoxy to waterproof the connections. When properly made, this type of splice is equal or superior to the cable in strength and electrical properties. Contact Geokon for splicing materials and additional cable splicing instructions. -
Page 11: Figure 4 - Lightning Protection
Strand Terminal Box/Multiplexer Model 4410 Strandmeter Instrument Cable (usually buried) LAB-3 Enclosure LAB-3 Board... -
Page 12: Taking Readings
20 hours continuously on two AA batteries. It is designed for the readout of all Geokon vibrating wire gages and transducers, and is capable of displaying the reading in either digits, frequency (Hz), period (µs), or microstrain (µε). The GK-404 also displays the temperature of the transducer (embedded thermistor) with a resolution of 0.1 °C. -
Page 13: Gk-405 Readout Box
3.2.2 Connecting Sensors with Bare Leads Attach the GK-403-2 flying leads to the bare leads of a Geokon vibrating wire sensor by connecting each of the clips on the leads to the matching colors of the sensor conductors, with blue representing the shield (bare). -
Page 14: Gk-403 Readout Box (Obsolete Model)
3.3.2 Connecting Sensors with Bare Leads Attach the GK-403-2 flying leads to the bare leads of a Geokon vibrating wire sensor by connecting each of the clips on the leads to the matching colors of the sensor conductors, with blue representing the shield (bare). -
Page 15: Data Reduction
4. DATA REDUCTION 4.1 Deformation Calculation The basic units utilized by Geokon for measurement and reduction of data from Vibrating Wire Deformation Meters are "digits". The units displayed by all Readout Boxes in position "B" are digits. Calculation of digits is based on the following equation: Digits = �... -
Page 16: Figure 7 - Typical Strandmeter
Figure 7 - Typical Strandmeter Calibration Report... -
Page 17: Strain Calculation
Equation 4 - Strand Calculation in Inches 4.3 Temperature Correction The Model 4410 Vibrating Wire Strandmeters have a small coefficient of thermal expansion; therefore, in many cases correction is not necessary. However, if maximum accuracy is desired or the temperature changes are large corrections may be applied. The temperature coefficient of the strand to which the Strandmeter is attached should also be taken into account. -
Page 18: Environmental Factors
Equation 6 - Thermal Coefficient Calculation Where; is the Current Reading. G is the Calibration Factor supplied with the instrument. Consider the following example using a Model 4410-5 mm Strandmeter: = 4783 digits = 5228 digits = 15.8° C = 27.2° C G = 0.0006194 mm/digit... -
Page 19: Troubleshooting
Should difficulties arise, consult the following list of problems and possible solutions. Return any faulty gages to the factory. Gages should not be opened in the field. For additional troubleshooting and support, contact Geokon. Symptom: Thermistor resistance is too high: ... -
Page 20: Table 2 - Sample Resistance
Vibrating Wire Sensor Lead Grid - SAMPLE VALUES Black White Green Shield ≅150Ω infinite infinite infinite ≅150Ω Black infinite infinite infinite 3000Ω at White infinite infinite infinite 25°C 3000Ω at Green infinite infinite infinite 25°C Shield infinite infinite infinite infinite Table 2 - Sample Resistance Vibrating Wire Sensor Lead Grid - SENSOR NAME/## : Black... -
Page 21: Appendix A. Specifications
Length x Width 0.5 kg. Weight: (with gage clamps) 1.1 lb. Table 4 - Model 4410 Strandmeter Specifications Notes: ¹ Other ranges available, consult factory. ² Minimum, greater resolution possible depending on readout. Accuracy established under lab conditions. Polyurethane jacket cable available. -
Page 22: Appendix B. Thermistor Temperature Derivation
APPENDIX B. THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION Thermistor Type: YSI 44005, Dale #1C3001-B3, Alpha #13A3001-B3 Resistance to Temperature Equation: A+B ( LnR ) +C(LnR) -273.2 Equation 7 - Resistance to Temperature Where; T = Temperature in °C. LnR = Natural Log of Thermistor Resistance. A = 1.4051 ×...
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