Page 1 RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzers Printable Help *P077089900* 077-0899-00...
Page 3 RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzers Printable Help www.tektronix.com 077-0899-00...
Page 4 Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Setting Up Network Connections ................Operating Your Instrument Restoring Default Settings..................Running Alignments ....................Presets....................... Setting Options..................... Operating System Restore ..................Using the Measurement Displays Selecting Displays ....................Taking Measurements Measurements Available Measurements ..................General Signal Viewing Overview ......................RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 6 RF I & Q vs Time Settings................. Common Controls for General Signal Viewing Displays General Signal Viewing Shared Measurement Settings ..........Analog Modulation Overview ......................AM Display ....................AM Settings ....................FM Display ....................FM Settings....................PM Display ....................PM Settings....................RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 7 Common Controls for RF Measurements Displays RF Measurements Shared Measurement Settings ............WLAN Measurements WLAN Overview....................WLAN Chan Response WLAN Channel Response Display ............... WLAN Channel Response Settings............... WLAN Constellation WLAN Constellation Display ................WLAN Constellation Settings................WLAN EVM RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 8 OFDM EVM Settings ..................OFDM Flatness OFDM Spectral Flatness Display ................. OFDM Spectral Flatness Settings................. OFDM Mag Error OFDM Magnitude Error Display ................. OFDM Magnitude Error Settings ................. OFDM Phase Error OFDM Phase Error Display ................RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 9 Audio Spectrum Audio Spectrum Display ................... Audio Spectrum Settings................... Audio Summary Audio Summary Display................... Audio Summary Settings .................. Common Controls for Audio Analysis Displays Audio Analysis Measurement Settings ..............GP Digital Modulation Overview ......................Constellation Constellation Display..................RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 10 Overview: User Deﬁned Measurement and Reference Filters......... User Filter File Format ..................Marker Measurements Using Markers Using Markers....................Controlling Markers with the Touchscreen Actions Menu..........Measuring Signal Density, Frequency and Power on a DPX Bitmap Trace......RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 11 Replay Menu ....................Acq Data ..................... DPX Spectra....................Replay All Selected Records ................Replay Current Record ..................Replay from Selected..................Pause ......................Stop......................Select All ....................Select Records from History................Replay Toolbar ....................Amplitude Corrections Amplitude Settings ....................RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 12 Saving and Recalling Data, Settings, and Pictures............Data, Settings, and Picture File Formats ..............Printing Screen Shots ................... Reference Online Help ...................... About the Tektronix RTSA ..................Connecting Signals Conﬁgure In/Out Settings.................. Connecting an RF Signal .................. Connecting a Signal Using a TekConnect Probe ............
Page 13 Displaying the Windows Event Viewer ..............Dealing with Sluggish Instrument Operation ............On/Standby Switch On/Standby Switch ..................Upgrading the Product Software How to Find Out if Software Upgrades are Available ..........Changing Settings Settings....................... Remote Login Remote Login ....................Glossary Index RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 14 Table of Contents RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 15: Welcome
Welcome Welcome This help provides in-depth information on how to use the RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzers. This help contains the most complete descriptions of how to use the analyzer. For a shorter introduction to the Signal Analyzer, refer to the RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzer Quick Start User Manual.
Page 16 Welcome Welcome RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 17: About Tektronix Analyzer
Tektronix. If you need to reinstall the operating system, follow the procedure in the Restoring the Operating System chapter in the RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzer Quick Start User Manual (Tektronix part number 071-3224-XX, English).
Page 18 The Product Documentation CD-ROM contains a collection documentation available for your product, in PDF format. Following is a partial list of the types of documents included on the CD-ROM. RSA5100B Series Real-Time Signal Analyzers Declassiﬁcation and Security Instructions manual PDF, Tektronix part number 077-0902-XX RSA5100B Series Programmer Manual PDF, Tektronix part number 077-0901-XX RSA5100B Series Speciﬁcations and Performance Veriﬁcation PDF, Tektronix part number...
Page 19: Options
Options To view a listing of the software options installed on your instrument, select Help > About Your Tektronix Real-Time Analyzer. There is a label on the rear-panel of the instrument that lists installed hardware options. Options can be added to your instrument. For the latest information on available option upgrades, see Tektronix Web site.
Page 20: Video Tutorials
Documents CD (Tektronix part number 063-4514-XX) Video Tutorials You can browse the Tektronix YouTube channel (www.youtube.com/user/tektronix) to ﬁnd video tutorials about various topics related to your product. You can also subscribe to the Tektronix YouTube channel to keep up with new postings. Searching for topics For example, you can watch a video tutorial about using the WLAN Presets.
Page 21 About Tektronix Analyzer Video Tutorials RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 22 About Tektronix Analyzer Video Tutorials RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 23: Orientation
Trigger output connector. 50 Ω, BNC, High > 2.0 V, Low < 0.4 V, (output current 1 mA). Trig In External Trigger input connector, –2.5 V to +2.5 V (user settable). USB 2.0 USB 2.0 connector. USB 2.0 USB 2.0 connector. RF Input RF input connector 50 Ω. Front-Panel Controls RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 24 General Signal Viewing displays. Amplitude Opens/closes the Amplitude control Setup > Amplitude panel. Press to adjust the bandwidth or BW (Spectrum) press and hold to display the BW control panel for the General Signal Viewing displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 25 Increments or decrements the selected value ment keys Deletes the selected marker Delete, (Markers section) Add, (Markers Add a marker to the selected trace section) Replay Replays the current acquisition record Single Sets the Run mode to Single Sequence RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 26 Sets the instrument to the selected Presets > DPX DPX Preset values. User Sets the instrument to the selected Presets > User User Preset values. Preset Returns the instrument to the default Preset or preset values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 27: Touch Screen
To use the Touch-screen Actions menu, touch the display in a graph area and hold for one second, then remove your ﬁnger. You can also use a mouse to display the Touch-screen Action menu by clicking the right mouse button. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 28 Use to visually deﬁne trigger parameters in the DPX display (present only in the DPX Spectrum display). Touch-Screen Menu for Spurious Display The Touch-screen actions menu in the Spurious display has some minor changes compared to the standard version used in other displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 29: Elements Of The Display
Multi on the Settings > Parameters tab. Marker -> Sel Spur Moves the selected marker to the selected spur. Elements of the Display The main areas of the application window are shown in the following ﬁgure. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 30 Orientation Elements of the Display Speciﬁc elements of the display are shown in the following ﬁgure. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 31 Orientation Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 32 Opens the Save As dialog in order to save setup ﬁles, pictures (screen captures), acquisition data ﬁles, or export measurement settings or acquisition data. Presets Recalls the Main (see page 23) preset. Show Shows / hides the selected trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 33: Rear-Panel Connectors
Because the instrument is based on Windows, you conﬁgure network connections for the instrument the same way you would for any PC based on Windows. See Help and Support in the Windows Start menu to access the Windows Help System for information on setting up network connections. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 34 Orientation Setting Up Network Connections RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 35: Operating Your Instrument
NOTE. There are a few critical adjustments that must run occasionally even if Automatically align is not enabled. Alignment Status When the signal analyzer needs to run an alignment, it displays a message on screen. If no message is displayed, you can assume that the signal analyzer is properly aligned. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 36: Presets
Alignments are adjustment procedures run by the instrument using internal reference signals and measurements. Calibrations can only be performed at a Tektronix service center and require the use of traceable test equipment (signal sources and measuring equipment) to verify the performance of the instrument.
Page 37 Select Presets from the menu bar to access the available types of Presets: Main Standards Application User presets (1 and 2) How actions of these preset selections are deﬁned in the Pesets Options. These are described in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 38 Select the Presets > Preset Options menu to open the Options control panel. This panel does the following. Once you have chosen these settings, you can access any preset or list of presets from Presets on the menu bar. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 39 In addition to accessing Standards presets from the Presets menu bar, you can also click the Standards Presets button on the WLAN Settings Control Panel to recall these preconﬁgured WLAN displays for the standards and bandwidths that you select. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 40 NOTE. More information is available about WLAN standards here (see page 225). You can also watch a video tutorial about WLAN Presets at www.youtube.com/user/tektronix. Click here (see page 6) information about searching the Tektronix YouTube channel for videos. Modulation Analysis The Modulation Analysis application preset opens the following displays: DPX display: Shows you a continuous spectrum monitoring of the speciﬁed carrier frequency.
Page 41 1. Select Presets > Application. Select Spectrum Analysis and then click OK. 2. Set the measurement frequency using the front-panel knob or keypad. 3. Adjust the span to show the necessary detail. Time-Frequency Analysis The Time-Frequency Analysis application preset opens the following displays: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 42: Setting Options
Spectrogram for each acquisition, each covering 29.84 μs. Setting Options Menu Bar: Tools > Options There are several settings you can change that are not related to measurement functions. The Option settings control panel is used to change these settings. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 43 Auto Analysis Offset function. Save and Export The Save and Export tab allows you to specify whether or not ﬁles are saved with an automatically generated name, and how much data is saved in an acquisition data ﬁle. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 44 When selected, this setting causes makers to automatically jump to the next peak (see page 376) when you drag them. When this setting is deselected, you can drag a marker to any point on the trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 45: Operating System Restore
4. In the Conﬁrmation dialog box, click Yes to restore the instrument operating system, or No to exit the restore process. The restore process takes approximately 30 minutes; the actual time depends on the instrument conﬁguration. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 46 Operating Your Instrument Operating System Restore RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 47: Selecting Displays
Different displays can require different settings, for example acquisition bandwidth, analysis length, or resolution bandwidth, to achieve optimum results. The application automatically adjusts some settings to optimize them for the selected display. The check mark indicator in the upper, left-hand corner of the RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 48 Using the Measurement Displays Selecting Displays display indicates the display for which the application is optimized. Depending on application settings, some displays might stop displaying results if they are not the selected display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 49: Taking Measurements
The RMS phase difference between the measured signal and the ideal reference signal. Displays RMS and Peak values with location of Peak value. Power shows the data symbols' individual subcarrier Power values versus symbol interval (time) and subcarrier (frequency). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 50 The Audio Spectrum display can show a table listing the frequency of a Harmonic Distortion (HD) and Non-Harmonic Distortion (NHD) and its level. The Spectrum graph indicates these harmonics and non-harmonics with special markers. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 51 The normalized correlated power of the measured signal and the ideal reference signal. Like EVM, Rho is a measure of modulation quality. The value of Rho is less than 1 in all practical cases and is equal to 1 for a perfect signal measured in a perfect receiver. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 52 The normalized correlated power of the measured signal and the ideal reference signal. Like EVM, Rho is a measure of modulation quality. The value of Rho is less than 1 in all practical cases and is equal to 1 for a perfect signal measured in a perfect receiver. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 53 Total AM value, which is equal to the peak-peak AM value divided by 2. Measurements for FM modulation Measurement Description Positive peak frequency deviation. –Pk Negative peak frequency deviation. RMS value of the frequency deviation. Pk-Pk/2 Peak-to-peak frequency deviation divided by 2. Pk-Pk Peak-to-peak frequency deviation. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 54 The Overshoot measurement expressed in dB. Pulse-Pulse Phase Difference The phase difference between the selected pulse and the ﬁrst pulse in the analysis window. The instantaneous phase is measured at a user-adjustable time following the rising edge of each pulse. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 55 Impulse Response Time The difference in time between the main lobe and highest side lobe. Time This is the time in seconds relative to the time reference point in the ﬁrst acquisition record in the data set. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 56 Taking Measurements Available Measurements RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 57: General Signal Viewing
But during the time the pulse is off, the sweeping signal is detected and shown in its true form. Both signals are visible in the bitmap because at least one full cycle of their activities occurs within a single DPX display update. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 58 Figure 3 The traditional swept spectrum analyzer display, Figure 2, uses line traces that can show only one level for each frequency point, representing the largest, the smallest or the average power. After many sweeps, the RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 59 Figure 4a. RF signals are downconverted and sampled into a continuous data stream. Figure 4b. Samples are segmented into data records for FFT processing based on the selected resolution bandwidth. Figure 4c. Data records are processed in the DPX transform engine RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 60 (x) frequency. As waveforms are plotted to the grid, the cells increment their values each time they receive a waveform point. Figure 5. Example 3-D Bitmap Database after 1 (left) and 9 (right) updates. Note that each column contains the same total number of “hits”. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 61 Figure 6. Example Color-mapping algorithm The result of coloring the database cells, Figure 7, according to the number of times they were written into by the nine spectrums, one per pixel on the screen, creates the DPX displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 62 When the Auto Color button is selected, the Maximum control's value is set to the highest pixel value in the current bitmap, shown in Figure 9. Now none of the available colors remain unused. The entire palette is mapped to the occurrence values present at the time the button is selected, providing better RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 63 Curve control set to 1 in the Scale tab, shown in Figure 11, the mapping between color and density is linear, so the colors spread evenly across the full density range. The color distribution is visible in the colored palette illustration to the left of the Curve control in the Settings panel. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 64 DPX Spectrum is not limited in span by its real-time bandwidth. Like the regular Spectrum display, DPX Spectrum steps through multiple real-time frequency segments, building a wide-span display with line traces and the bitmap. See Figure 14. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 65 DPX spends in each segment. This control, circled in Figure 15, can be set between 50 ms and 100 seconds. Figure 15. During swept DPX operation, the Dwell time control adjusts the observation time of each frequency segment used to construct the composite DPX display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 66 RSAs, on the other hand, capture data across all frequencies within their real-time span during every acquisition. With Tektronix' exclusive Frequency Mask trigger and DPX Density trigger, POI increases to 100%, insuring capture of any spectral event matching the trigger deﬁnition. When operating in free run as a simple signal analyzer, the RSA has a POI similar to other FFT-based analyzers, with gaps between each acquisition.
Page 67 Faster sweep times can reduce the probability of intercept and result in fewer intersections of the sweep with the signal transient. Figure 16. Swept spectrum display of the infrequent transient. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 68 50, expressed in percent as shown in Figure 19. The math is very simple: a cell with 24 counts has a 48% density. In practice, instead of batches of 50 waveforms, we collect a frame of thousands of waveforms before each update to the density bitmap. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 69 Markers can be used to see the Density value for one or more individual points on the screen, enabling measurements of the signal density at any interesting point in the DPX display. In Figure 20, Wireless LAN signals are analyzed in the presence of a Bluetooth radio signal in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 70 Figure 21. The bar chart x axis is bitmap row number, numbering from the top of the table. Table 2: Bitmap section showing density values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 71 The Peak button and its menu equivalent place the active marker on the peak signal in Figure 22. The peak signal is the density peak of highest amplitude in the bitmap. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 72 Since 100% of the waveforms written to the bitmap passed through the box, the density for the box is 100%. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 73 To adjust the box size, a mouse is the easiest way to drag the sides and corners of the rectangle. For precise settings, use the knob, arrow keys, or keyboard to adjust frequency and amplitude values for the rectangle. These controls are located in the right half of the Density tab in the control panel. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 74 ON time always falls entirely within a single DPX frame update (50 ms). If persistence is not applied, the density measurement is computed on each individual frame. The results will be 20% for each frame containing the ON time and 0% for the other frames. If inﬁnite persistence RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 75 With straight-line mapping between density and color (Curve setting of 1), resolution is ﬁxed by the number of colors in the palette. For non-linear mappings (Curve settings higher or lower than 1), most RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 76 As shown in Figure 29, the DPX Density trigger can discriminate signals within a precise amplitude-frequency range without the operator having to know any characteristics of the target signal besides where it might show up in the DPX Spectrum graph. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 77 Trigger On This, the threshold value will be even lower. If you clicked in a part of the display with no signal activity at all, the threshold will be set to zero. Any signal that shows up here will ﬁre the trigger, as shown in Figure 32. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 78 CW, you can set the trigger controls to acquire when the density measurement of the signal peak drops below 100%. When using the “lower than” form of the DPX Density trigger, the time resolution is RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 79: Dpx Display Overview
Spectrum display. Zero Span – This view plots power on the vertical axis versus time on the horizontal axis. This display shows how the power level at the center frequency changes with time. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 80 5. Click the Add button. This will add the DPX icon to the Selected Displays box (and remove it from the Available displays box). 6. Click the OK button. This displays the DPX Spectrum view. 7. Select the desired view from the drop-down list on the left side of the graph. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 81 General Signal Viewing DPX Display DPX Zero Span view DPX Split View RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 82 Phase displays: Sweep - adjusts the trace duration in seconds. Scale - adjusts the visual graph scaling without affecting the Sweep time. Clear Erases the bitmap and traces in the graph and restarts multi-trace functions (Avg, Hold). Function Readout of the Detection and Function selections for the selected trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 83 However, a much longer record, with higher frequency resolution is being collected. As soon as the instrument is stopped, this underlying data is shown, replacing the temporary version. There are 50 lines in each vertical division of the 2-D DPXogram plot, so the time resolution of the graph is Time/div RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 84 Available Traces for Display – Standard Instrument Five traces can be shown in the DPX display– one bitmap and four line traces. The default traces are Bitmap and +Peak detection. The other three traces are –Peak detection, average detection, and math. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 85 (+Pk, Avg (VRMS), ) and its function (Hold, Normal,). You can enable/disable the selected trace by checking or unchecking Show. Selecting Traces for Display – Standard Instrument To select a trace for display: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 86 Select Normal to set the trace to display the average values acquired in each update. b. Select Average (VRMS) or Avg (of logs) to set the trace to display an average of the average values. Use the Count box to enter the number of times the trace is averaged. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 87 Instead of +Pk, –Pk, and Avg traces, you select Trace 1, 2, and 3 and independently set the Detection method for each of these traces to +Pk, -Pk, Avg (VRMS), or Avg (of logs). Reference. Changing the DPX Spectrum Display Settings (see page 306) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 88: Dpx Settings
Speciﬁes whether certain display elements are visible. Density (see page 86) Speciﬁes location and size for the DPX Density measurement box. (Spectrum display only.) Audio Demod (see page 87) Enables and sets parameters for audio demodulation function. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 89 Select Roll to scroll the trace as points are added at the right side of the graph. When Roll is selected, the trace moves to the left as points are added to the trace at the right side of the graph. None Select None to display the trace without motion. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 90 The Traces Tab allows you to set the display characteristics of displayed traces in the DPX display. The Traces tab for the DPX display has two versions: one for the DPX Bitmap trace (described in this topic) and one for line traces (see page 79). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 91 Displays a saved trace instead of a live trace (not available for the DPXogram trace). Dot Persistence Dot Persistence is the characteristic of the DPX display that determines how long a pixel in the display remains visible. To set the Persistence: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 92 You can recall a previously saved trace for comparison to a live trace. First, specify a trace for recall and second, enable Show Recalled Trace. To select a trace for recall: 1. Select the ... button to display the Open dialog box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 93 The Traces Tab allows you to set the display characteristics of displayed traces in the DPX display. The Traces tab for the DPX display has two versions. One for non-Bitmap traces (described in this topic) and one for the DPX Bitmap trace (see page 76). Traces tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 94 NOTE. The Detection setting does not affect the trace until the spectrum length is longer than the Auto setting. DPX Trace Processing The +Peak, -Peak, and Average traces can be processed to display in different ways. The Function setting controls trace processing. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 95 2. Type a name for the saved trace and click Save. Recalling Traces You can recall a previously saved trace for comparison to a live trace. First, specify a trace for recall and second, enable Show Recalled Trace. To select a trace for recall: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 96 Controls the horizontal position and scale of the trace display. Scale Changes the horizontal scale. Position Adjusts the horizontal position of the signal. This does not change the center frequency. Autoscale Resets the scale of the horizontal axis to contain the complete trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 97 1) or the mapping can be set to show the best resolution on the upper range of density or hit count (Curve < 1). Auto Color Adjusts the Max and Min settings to display the broadest range of colors. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 98 Displays a drop-down list that allows you to set the color scheme used for the DPXogram trace. Sets the power level represented by the top of the color scale. Sets the power level represented by the bottom of the color scale. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 99 Position Sets the frequency displayed at the center of the graph. Changing this value does not change the Frequency setting. Autoscale Sets the frequency scale to the Spectrogram Span value. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 100 Speciﬁes the frequency at the center of the measurement box. The +/- value speciﬁes the width of the measurement box. Amplitude Speciﬁes the amplitude of the center of the measurement box. The +/- value speciﬁes the height of the measurement box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 101 (either the front-panel knob or the Freq control in the application). To use a marker to specify the frequency to be demodulated: 1. Select Markers > Deﬁne Markers to display the Deﬁne Markers control panel. 2. Select Add to turn on the next marker. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 102 In this case, the upper and lower limits of the Receiver BW exceed the upper and lower limits of the acquisition bandwidth. When this occurs, audio demodulation will be disabled and an error message is displayed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 103: Time Overview Display
Length is the period of time within the acquisition record over which all other measurements (such as Amplitude vs. Time) are made. The Spectrum Length and Analysis Length can be locked together so that the data used to produce the Spectrum display is also used for measurement displays; however, they RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 104 General Signal Viewing Time Overview Display do not have to be tied together. They are by default speciﬁed separately and used to analyze different parts of the acquisition record. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 105: Time Overview Settings
NOTE. The area with black background (not gray) in the Amplitude vs. Time Graph highlights the control selected in the Analysis Time Control drop-down list. Changing the Time Overview Display Settings (see page 91) Time Overview Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel : Settings Application Toolbar: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 106: Spectrum
Length set to ‘Auto’ in the Analysis menu, the instrument analyzes just enough samples to produce one IQ sample pair per trace point. In this case, the detection method chosen has very little effect, as the RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 107: Spectrum
To save a trace for later analysis: 1. Select the Save icon . This displays the Save As dialog box. 2. Navigate to the desired folder or use the default. 3. Type a name for the saved trace and click Save. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 108: Spectrum Display
3. Double-click the Spectrum icon in the Available displays box. This adds the Spectrum icon to the Selected displays box (and removes it from the Available displays box). Alternatively, you can click the Spectrum icon and then click the Add button to select Spectrum for display. 4. Click the OK button. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 109 Trace Selects a trace. Touching here pops up a context menu listing the available traces, whether they are enabled or not. If user selects a trace that is not currently enabled, it will be made enabled. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 110: Spectrum Settings
Sets the traces used to create the Math trace. Scale Tab (see page 97) Sets vertical and horizontal scale and position parameters. Prefs Tab (see page 121) Speciﬁes whether or not certain display elements are shown. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 111: Spectrogram
The spectrogram can also be displayed in a 3-D waterfall format. In the 3-D waterfall format, the spectrogram displays the time axis along a simulated Z-axis. NOTE. Spectrogram data is shared with the Spectrum display. There is no linkage between DPX and Spectrogram. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 112 3. Double-click the Spectrogram icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Spectrogram icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This displays the spectrogram view. 5. To display a 3-D version of the spectrogram, select the 3-D checkbox. Elements of the Spectrogram Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 113 (see Settings > Prefs (see page 121)). Time Scale status readout Three readouts can appear here depending on settings: Time/update, Spectrums/line, and Overlap. See Time Scale Status Readout (see page 100). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 114: Spectrogram Settings
Time & Freq Scale (see Sets the vertical and horizontal scale parameters for the spectrogram trace. The page 102) Spectrum Monitor controls are also on this tab. Prefs (see page 121) Speciﬁes whether or not certain display elements are shown. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 115 Displays the time at the Selected Line. If Markers are enabled, the selected line is positioned by the selected marker. If no markers are enabled, the selected line is the ﬁrst line in the current analysis period. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 116 Time & Freq Scale Tab The Time and Freq Scale tab allows you to change the vertical and horizontal scale settings, enable the 3-D Waterfall display, and set the color scheme used for the spectrogram trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 117 125,000 lines. With standard memory installed in the instrument, the maximum number of lines you can capture is 31,250. During each line's collection period, spectrum transforms are computed for each acquisition taken by the instrument. As each transform completes, it is incorporated into the current spectrogram line. How each RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 118: Amplitude Vs Time
3. In the Available displays box, double-click the Amplitude vs. Time icon or select the icon and click Add. The Amplitude vs. Time icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. 4. Click OK. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 119: Amplitude Vs Time Settings
Traces (Math) (see page 118) Sets the traces used to create the Math trace. Scale (see page 120) Sets the vertical and horizontal scale parameters. Prefs (see page 121) Speciﬁes whether certain display elements are visible. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 120: Frequency Vs Time Display
Settings > Prefs tab. To display the Frequency vs. Time Display: 1. Select the Displays button or Setup > Displays. 2. In the Select Displays dialog, select General Signal Viewing in the Folders box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 121: Frequency Vs Time Settings
Clear button Restarts Average trace. Trace function Displays the current trace function setting (Settings > Trace > Function). Changing Frequency vs Time Display Settings (see page 107) Frequency Vs Time Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 122: Phase Vs Time Display
3. In the Available displays box, double-click the Phase vs. Time icon or select the icon and click Add. The Phase vs. Time icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. 4. Click OK to show the Phase vs. Time display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 123: Phase Vs Time Settings
Changing the Phase vs Time Display Settings (see page 109) Phase Vs Time Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the Phase vs. Time display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 124: Rf I & Q Vs Time Display
2. From the Folders box, select General Signal Viewing. 3. Double-click the RF I&Q vs. Time icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the RF I & Q vs. Time icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 125: Rf I & Q Vs Time Settings
(click on the trace name to display a menu). Changing the RF I & Q vs Time Display Settings (see page 111) RF I & Q vs Time Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 126: Common Controls For General Signal Viewing Displays
Freq & BW Tab — Freq vsTime, Phase vs Time, RF I & Q vs Time Display The Freq & BW tab provides access to settings that control frequency settings for the Freq vs Time, Phase vs Time, RF I & Q vs Time display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 127 When unchecked, the measurement bandwidth is speciﬁed by the user, and no additional ﬁlter is applied. Set to max BW Sets the measurement bandwidth to the maximum acquisition bandwidth of the instrument. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 128 Start and Stop frequencies will be adjusted to maintain the minimum Span setting. Setting Changed Manually Settings Changed Automatically As Setting Not Automatically Changed a Result Start Center, Span Stop Stop Center, Span Start Center Start, Stop Span Span Start, Stop Center RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 129 200,000 points, the measurement must decimate these 200,000 trace points by 2 to prevent exceeding the 100,000 trace point limit. Since only one value can be represented for each trace point, an algorithm must be used to select (detect) the appropriate value to use. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 130 CISPR Peak – The trace value is calculated by the methods described for peak detectors in the CISPR documents. Trace Processing Traces can be processed to display in different ways. The Function setting controls trace processing. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 131 1. Select the trace into which the recalled trace will be loaded, from the Trace drop-down list. 2. Check the Show check box. 3. Click the ... button to display the Open dialog box. 4. Navigate to the desired ﬁle and click Open. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 132 BW Tab The BW (bandwidth) tab allows you to change Resolution Bandwidth and Video Bandwidth settings, and set the windowing method used by the transform process by selecting a ﬁlter shape (not present for all displays). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 133 Best frequency resolution, poor side-lobe level and amplitude accuracy. Flat-Top Best amplitude accuracy, best representation of brief events captured near the beginning or end of the time-domain data frame, poor frequency resolution. Hanning Good frequency resolution, high side-lobe roll-off rate. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 134 Zoom Start Sets the starting frequency for ... Zoom Stop Sets the stop frequency for ... Resets the scale of the horizontal axis to contain the complete trace. Reset Scale Resets all settings to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 135 The elements of the Show Parameter Readouts are: 100% POI – This is the minimum event duration required to ensure 100% Probability of Intercept or event capture. This duration depends on interaction between span, RBW, and FFT length. You can RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 136 FFT points mean that the instrument is taking a longer string of input samples for each FFT, which decreases the time resolution. Minimum FFT length versus trace length - independent of span and RBW Trace length (points) Minimum FFT length 1,024 2,401 4,096 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 137 General Signal Viewing Prefs Tab Minimum FFT length versus trace length - independent of span and RBW (cont.) Trace length (points) Minimum FFT length 4,001 8,192 10,401 16,384 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 138 General Signal Viewing Prefs Tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 139: Overview
2. From the Folders box, select Analog Modulation. 3. Double-click the AM icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the AM icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This shows the AM display. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 140: Am Settings
Displays the Settings > Trace > Detection setting. Changing the AM Settings (see page 126) AM Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Application Toolbar: The AM Settings control panel provides access to settings that control parameters of the AM Display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 141 A, in the above equation, represents the carrier amplitude, a(t) represents the time-varying modulation and ω represents the carrier frequency. The signal modulation envelope is given by: There are several ways to express the AM modulation depth, expressed as a percentage. Peak method Trough Method Max-Min Method RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 142 Selects the trace processing method. The only available setting is Normal. Freeze Halts updates to the trace. Save Trace As Saves the trace to a ﬁle for later recall and analysis. Show recalled trace Displays a saved trace instead of a live trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 143 2. Navigate to the desired folder or use the default. 3. Type a name for the saved trace and click Save. Recalling Traces You can recall a previously saved trace for analysis or comparison to a live trace. To select a trace for recall: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 144 Changes the range shown between the left and right sides of the graph. Position Adjusts the position of the acquisition record shown at the left edge of the graph. Autoscale Resets the Scale and Position settings to provide the optimum display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 145: Fm Display
2. From the Folders box, select Analog Modulation. 3. Double-click the FM icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the FM icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This shows the FM display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 146 Analog Modulation FM Display Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 147: Fm Settings
Carrier frequency detection setting is manual. Changing the FM Settings (see page 133) FM Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Application Toolbar: The FM Settings control panel provides access to settings that control parameters of the FM Display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 148 Scale (see page 138) Sets vertical and horizontal scale and position parameters. Prefs (see page 139) Speciﬁes whether or not certain display elements are shown. Speciﬁes the maximum number of points shown in the display graph. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 149 Auto check box is deselected, the carrier frequency is speciﬁed by adding/subtracting the speciﬁed Frequency offset from the center frequency. Pressing the Load from Marker button loads the marker frequency into the Frequency offset box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 150 Watts) or Log (dB, dBm), the correct RMS value results. When the averaging function is applied to a trace, the averaging is performed on the linear (Voltage) values, resulting in the correct average for RMS values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 151 1. Click the ... button to display the Open dialog box. 2. Navigate to the desired ﬁle and click Open. 3. Check the Show Recalled Trace check box. 4. Verify that the Show check box is selected. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 152 Changes the range shown between the left and right sides of the graph. Position Adjusts the position of the acquisition record shown at the left edge of the graph. Autoscale Resets the Scale and Position settings to provide the optimum display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 153: Pm Display
When taking measurements, only the ﬁrst burst in the Analysis period is analyzed. No trace points are shown for data outside the ﬁrst detected burst, nor are measurements made on data outside the ﬁrst detected burst. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 154 Analog Modulation PM Display Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 155: Pm Settings
Carrier frequency detection setting is manual. Changing the PM Settings (see page 141) PM Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Application Toolbar: The PM Settings control panel provides access to settings that control parameters of the PM Display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 156 Speciﬁes whether or not certain display elements are shown. Speciﬁes the maximum number of points shown in the display graph. Parameters Tab The Parameters tab enables you to specify parameters that control the carrier frequency and phase detection. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 157 Phase offset is set to 10°, the waveform shifts upward by 10° on screen. Selecting Load from marker sets the phase offset to the value of the selected marker. Range: –180 to +180°. Trace Tab The Traces Tab allows you to set the display characteristics of displayed traces. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 158 Watts) or Log (dB, dBm), the correct RMS value results. When the averaging function is applied to a trace, the averaging is performed on the linear (Voltage) values, resulting in the correct average for RMS values. Trace Processing Traces can be processed to display in different ways. The Function setting controls trace processing. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 159 1. Click the ... button to display the Open dialog box. 2. Navigate to the desired ﬁle and click Open. 3. Check the Show Recalled Trace check box. 4. Verify that the Show check box is selected. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 160 Changes the range shown between the left and right sides of the graph. Position Adjusts the phase shown at the left edge of the graph. Autoscale Resets the Scale and Position settings to show the entire trace within the graph. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 161 Max trace points setting (except when Max trace points is set to Never Decimate). This decimated (or undecimated) trace is what is used for marker measurements and for results export. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 162 Analog Modulation Prefs Tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 163: Rf Measurements
Channel Power and ACPR (Adjacent Channel Power Ratio) Display Use the Channel Power and ACPR measurement to measure channel power by itself, or adjacent channel leakage ratio with one main channel. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 164 Use the horizontal scale and offset to zoom the display in on any portion of the trace. 7. To set the spacing between channel centers, enter the required value in the Channel Spacing value box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 165 For many measurements, this may not be the case, and the Power Measurement results will vary as the signal varies. Average power is the square root of the sum of the squares of the voltage samples over the measurement time. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 166: Channel Power And Acpr Settings
Measure of the signal power leaking into nearby channels. Channel Power and ACPR Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the Channel Power and ACPR display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 167 Speciﬁes the frequency width of each channel (all channels share the same value). Channel Spacing Speciﬁes the difference in frequency between the centers of each channel. The following ﬁgure illustrates the settings controlled from the Channels tab. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 168 3. Select the Close box when you have ﬁnished making changes. Channel Spacing 1. Select Channel Spacing number entry box. 2. Enter a value for the difference in center frequency between channels using the knob or the keypad. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 169: Mcpr (Multiple Carrier Power Ratio) Display
8. To set the spacing between the main channels, enter a value in the Spacing value box. 9. To prevent a main channel power level from being included in the Power Reference (Total) calculation, select the channel to be excluded in the Inactive box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 170 MCPR measurement results are displayed both in the spectrum graph and in a table below the spectrum display. Individual Main channel power measurements appear in the graph under their channel identiﬁers. Individual adjacent channel power ratios also appear in the graph under the adjacent channel identiﬁer. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 171 Setting MCPR Measurement Parameters (see page 159) Multiple Carrier Power Ratio The ratio of the signal power in an adjacent channel to the power in one or more main channels. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 172: Mcpr Settings
Speciﬁes the parameters of the channels to be measured. Scale (see page 222) Speciﬁes the vertical and horizontal scale and offset values. Prefs (see page 223) Speciﬁes whether or not certain display elements are shown. Restore defaults. Sets parameters for a 4-carrier WCDMA measurement. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 173 The maximum VBW value is the current RBW setting. The minimum VBW value is 1/10,000 of the RBW setting. Measurement Params for ACPR and MCPR Displays The Measurement Params tab is where you set parameters that control the ACPR and MCPR measurements. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 174 Value entry box for the Root-raised Cosine ﬁlter Adjacent Channel Filter. Present only when the Channel Filter is set to Root-raised Cosine. Symbol/Chip Rate Value entry box for the Root-raised Cosine chip rate. Present only when the Channel Filter is set to Root-raised Cosine. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 175 Channels Tab for MCPR Path: Setup > Settings > Channels Application Toolbar / Front Panel: Settings The Channels tab is where you specify the parameters for the channels measured in the MCPR display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 176 2. Adjust the value as required. All the Main channels share the same BW and Spacing. 3. Select the appropriate check box to make a channel Inactive, as appropriate. 4. Select the Close box when you have ﬁnished making changes. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 177: Occupied Bw & X Db Bw Display
Occupied BW & x dB BW Display The Occupied BW display shows the bandwidth within which 99% (a user-deﬁned value, the default is 99%) of the power transmitted within the measurement bandwidth falls. To show the Occupied BW display: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 178 3. In the Available displays box, double-click the Occupied Bandwidth icon or select the icon and click Add. The Occupied Bandwidth icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. 4. Click OK to display the Occupied Bandwidth. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 179 OBW Level right The signal level at the right edge of the occupied bandwidth. OBW Ref Power The total power measured within the measurement bandwidth. x dB BW Ref Power The peak power measured within the measurement bandwidth. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 180: Occupied Bw & X Db Bw Settings
Max Hold function. Scale (see page 222) Allows you to set the vertical and horizontal scale parameters. Prefs (see page 223) The Prefs tab enables you to set characteristics of the measurement display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 181: Spurious Display
Spurious Display To show the Spurious display: 1. Click the Displays button or select Setup > Displays. 2. From the Folders box, select RF Measurements. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 182 Selected displays box (and removes it from the Available displays box). Alternatively, you can click the Spurious icon and then click the Add button to select Spectrum for display. 4. Click the OK button. Elements of the Spurious Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 183 Adjusts the Vertical and Horizontal scaling to display the entire trace on screen. Selects Multi-range display mode. Bottom-of-graph readout Indicates the amplitude at the bottom of the graph. This value changes with the dB/div and Vertical Position settings. Elements of the Spurious Graph Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 184 Green bar Indicates the range selected on the Settings > Ranges and Limits (see page 174) tab. Indicates the location of the power reference. See Settings > Reference (see page 172). Elements of the Spur Table RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 185: Spurious Display Settings
Clicking a second time on the same heading reverses the order. Changing the Spurious Display Settings (see page 171) Spurious Display Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The control panel tabs for the Spurious display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 186 Ranges tab and the limits speciﬁed on the Limits tab. Reference Tab The Reference tab enables you to specify the Power Reference parameter. The Power reference parameter is used to calculate relative values in the Spur table and to calculate relative amplitude limits. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 187 Setting the Power Reference Level to No Reference To set the power reference to No Reference: Select No reference from the Power reference drop-down list. Setting the Power Reference Level to Manual Level To set the power reference to manual level: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 188 Ranges and Limits tab, you specify the start and stop frequencies for ranges, whether or not a range is enabled, the parameters that specify what constitutes a spur, measurement ﬁlter shape and bandwidth, and the detection method used for processing signals, as well as the pass/fail parameters for Limit Testing. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 189 Click the Expand button. This displays the Ranges and Limits Table in a new window that can be sized to the fullscreen. The following table describes the parameters that are set in the Ranges and Limits Table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 190 Click to save the current Ranges and Limits table to a ﬁle. Load Click to load a saved Ranges and Limits table from a ﬁle. Done Save changes and close the Ranges and Limits Table window. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 191 1. Click the Expand button on the Range and Limits tab. This displays the Ranges and Limits Table. 2. Adjust the Start and Stop frequencies as required for each range you want to test. 3. For ranges that you wish to test, verify that the On box is checked. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 192: Ccdf Display
2. From the Folders box, select RF Measurements. 3. Double-click the CCDF icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the CCDF icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. Elements of the CCDF Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 193: Ccdf Settings
Traces (see page 219) Select the trace to be measured and select reference trace for display. Prefs (see page 223) Speciﬁes whether on not certain display elements are shown. Restore defaults. Sets the CCDF parameters to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 194: Phase Noise Display
Phase Noise Display Phase Noise measures and graphs the power in a 1 Hz bandwidth referenced to the carrier power. This is repeated for many frequency points across a user-adjustable span. To show the Phase Noise display: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 195 Phase Noise icon and then click the Add button to select Phase Noise for display, or drag the Phase Noise icon to the Selected Displays box. 4. Click the OK button. Elements of the Phase Noise Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 196 Readout of the Left Horizontal frequency value. Affects only visual scaling, not measurement bandwidth. (See Settings > Scale (see page 138)) Measurement results Display of the different measured values. readouts Elements of the Measurement Results Readout / Phase Noise Table RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 197 After acquisition and calculation, the spectrum is corrected to display power in a 1 Hz bandwidth referenced to the carrier power (dBc/Hz). The correction algorithm does not discriminate between noise signals and coherent signals in making the dBc/Hz correction. Since all measured signals are corrected as RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 198 Finally, at 20 MHz offsets, the 40 MHz ﬁlter is used again with 20 dB attenuation removed. In order to be able to use the 40 MHz BW ﬁlter at a RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 199: Phase Noise Settings
Traces can also be saved and loaded for reference from this tab. Scale (see page 222) Specify vertical and horizontal scale settings. Prefs (see page 223) Specify appearance features of the graph area. Restore defaults. Sets the Phase Noise parameters to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 200 Carrier threshold The minimum power level required for the signal to be recognized as a carrier. If no signal is found above this level within 20 MHz of the Freq setting, the Phase Noise measurement will fail. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 201: Settling Time Measurement Overview
The instrument's Search function can watch the Settling Time measurement for either pass or fail results, and perform actions such as stopping or saving data when the deﬁned condition occurs. See Search (Limits Testing) Settings (see page 381) for details on conﬁguring Search. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 202 RF Measurements Settling Time Measurement Overview Frequency Settling Time Theory of Operation The following paragraphs describe how a frequency and phase settling measurement is made. Frequency settling time ﬂow diagram RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 203 RF Measurements Settling Time Measurement Overview Phase settling time ﬂow diagram Acquisition hardware collects I and Q samples at the measurement frequency. Sample Rate is based on the measurement bandwidth setting. The instantaneous phase is computed as: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 204 The point at the end of the previous frequency hop where the frequency ﬁrst leaves the tolerance band. This result can only be computed when the instrument can ﬁnd a previous settled state within the measurement period. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 205: Settling Time Displays
To lock the reference to an external source, go to Setup > Conﬁgure In/Out > Frequency Reference and choose External. Values from 1 MHz to 25 MHz in 1 MHz steps can be used as an external reference. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 206 3. Double-click the Freq Settling icon or the Phase Settling icon in the Available displays box. This adds the selected display to the Selected displays box (and removes it from the Available displays box). 4. Click the OK button. Frequency settling time display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 207 RF Measurements Settling Time Displays Phase settling time display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 208 AND the settling time is valid OR the settling time from trigger is valid If any of the conditions listed are not met, the measurement results text is red. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 209 However, the settling time from trigger is typically available. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 210 5. Double-click the Time Overview icon in the Available displays box. Click OK to complete your selection. 6. Press the front-panel Freq button and use the front-panel keypad or knob to adjust the frequency to that of the signal you want to measure. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 211 Tolerance (see page 201) as required for your measurement. If your signal must be settled for a period of time before it is considered settled, you can specify a minimum settled duration for the settling time measurement. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 212 Note the difference in the settling time in the two illustrations that follow. In both examples, the Target reference is set to Auto. The only difference is the measurement length, as shown by the magenta line. Frequency settling time display before setting the measurement length RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 213: Settling Time Settings
RF Measurement displays. With few exceptions, each display shares values for each of the controls on these tabs. For example, Vertical Scale values are independent for each of the displays (degrees for Phase Settling Time and Hertz for Frequency Settling Time). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 214 100 Hz to 40 MHz (Standard). To see the effect of measurement bandwidth on measurement uncertainty, see the Speciﬁcations and Performance Veriﬁcation manual. This manual is supplied on the Documents CD or can be downloaded from www.tek.com/manuals. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 215 If Target Reference is set to MeasFreq, then the Target value = Meas Frequency + Offset. Offset Offset is used for ﬁne-tuning the Target Reference when Meas freq is selected. The value for Offset is entered manually. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 216 The minimum settled duration is the amount of time the signal must remain within the tolerance band to be considered settled. Some user speciﬁcations require that the signal be settled for a minimum period. If this is not required in your application, set this value to the default of 0 seconds. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 217 Trace Tab for Settling Time Displays The Traces Tab allows you to set the display characteristics of displayed traces. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 218 This sets the number of acquisitions to be averaged together to produce the result. Averaging reduces random variations but maintains the correct waveshape for repeating signal aberrations. To use averaging, the signal must be repetitive. For example, the tuning direction must always be same for each measurement RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 219 5. Check the Show Recalled Trace check box. 6. Verify that the trace's Show check box is selected (either on this tab or next to the drop-down list located at the top-left corner of the graph). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 220 Resets the Scale and Position to center the trace in the graph. Horizontal Scale Sets the range of time shown in the graph. Position Allows you to pan the graph left and right. Autoscale Resets Scale and Position to the automatically determined settings. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 221: Sem Display
3. In the Available displays box, double-click the SEM icon or select the icon and click Add. The SEM icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. 4. Click OK to show the Spectrum Emission Mask display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 222 Processing > Detection). Pass / Fail readout Readout indicating whether any part of the trace has exceeded the any of the limits deﬁned in the Offsets & Limits table (Setup > Settings > Offsets & Limits Table). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 223 Peak Rel Relative peak power of worst case margin of the offset. Relative with respect to the reference power level. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 224: Spectrum Emission Mask Settings
Speciﬁes characteristics of offsets and mask limits. page 213) Scale Tab (see page 216) Speciﬁes the vertical and horizontal scale settings. Prefs Tab (see page 217) Speciﬁes the appearance features of the graph area and the maximum trace points. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 225 Gaussian This ﬁlter shape provides optimal localization in the frequency domain. Rectangular This ﬁlter shape provides the best frequency, worst magnitude resolution. This is essentially the same as no window. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 226 Avg (VRMS) For each sweep, each point on the trace is the result of determining the RMS Voltage value for all of the collected traces' values for the same point. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 227 Speciﬁes the chip rate used for the Root-raised Cosine ﬁlter. Present only when Channel Filter is set to Root-raised Cosine. Offsets & Limits Table Tab - SEM The Offsets & Limits Table tab is used to specify parameters that deﬁne Offsets and masks. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 228 RF Measurements Offsets & Limits Table Tab - SEM Expanded display of Offsets & Limits Table RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 229 Speciﬁes whether the inner and outer edges of the offset must be the same value. When enabled, the Rel Stop cell is grayed-out and its value is set to the value of the Rel Start cell. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 230 Speciﬁes the frequency range displayed in the graph Position Speciﬁes the frequency shown at the center of the graph. Autoscale Resets the scale of the horizontal axis to optimize the display of the trace. Reset Scale Resets all settings to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 231: Rf Measurements Shared Measurement Settings
The control panel tabs in this section are shared by multiple displays in the RF Measurement folder (Setup > Displays). With few exceptions, each display maintains separate values for each of the controls on these tabs. For example, Scale values are independent for each of the displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 232 The VBW algorithm in the analyzer emulates the VBW ﬁlters of traditional swept analyzers. The maximum VBW value is the current RBW setting. The minimum VBW value is 1/10,000 of the RBW setting. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 233 Trace Detection occurs when the trace is being decimated by the measurement. For example, if the maximum number of trace points is 100,000, and the selected analysis region is 200,000 samples, the measurement must decimate the 200,000 resulting trace points by 2 to prevent exceeding the 100,000 trace RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 234 Displayed Averaged Noise Level (DANL) of the instrument. The 'average of logs' detection and trace function is used for DANL speciﬁcation to provide similar results to other spectrum/signal analyzers for comparison purposes. Use of the Average of Logs method of RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 235 The Gaussian trace is a reference trace that you can compare your trace against. Because the Gaussian trace is for reference, there are no settings for the trace other than whether or not it is shown. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 236 Freq / div, is less than the acquisition bandwidth. Autoscale Resets the scale of the horizontal axis to contain the complete trace. Log (Spurious only) Resets the display to show the frequency axis in a logarithmic scale. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 237 Speciﬁes the number of decimal places shown in the results readout below the graph. (Frequency and Phase Settling This setting does not affect the precision of internal calculations. Time displays only) Displays or hides the trace legend. Show trace legend (Phase Noise display only) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 238 RF Measurements Prefs Tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 239: Wlan Overview
Standards Presets (see page 22). The following table shows the center frequency and displays that are automatically loaded for each of the listed standards and bandwidths. SEM masks are also loaded and are explained here (see page 226). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 240 WLAN Channel Response (see page 227) WLAN Constellation (see page 230) WLAN EVM (see page 232) WLAN Magnitude Error (see page 234) WLAN Phase Error (see page 236) WLAN Power versus Time (see page 238) WLAN Spectral Flatness (see page 241) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 241: Wlan Channel Response Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval, Subcarrier Spacing, and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 242 WLAN Measurements WLAN Channel Response Display Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 243: Wlan Channel Response Settings
Analysis Time Tab (see Speciﬁes parameters that deﬁne the portion of the acquisition record that is used for page 255) analysis. Also allows you to specify the time units (Symbols or Seconds) for WLAN Analysis displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 244: Wlan Constellation Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval, Channel Bandwidth, and Subcarrier Spacing controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 245: Wlan Constellation Settings
Marker controls Deﬁne and position markers. WLAN Constellation Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The WLAN Constellation Settings control panel provides access to settings that control parameters of the Constellation Display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 246: Wlan Evm Display
7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard as appropriate. Set the Standard, Guard Interval, Channel Bandwidth, and Subcarrier Spacing controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 247: Wlan Evm Settings
WLAN EVM Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN EVM display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 248: Wlan Magnitude Error Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 249: Wlan Magnitude Error Settings
WLAN Magnitude Error Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN Mag Error display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 250: Wlan Phase Error Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 251: Wlan Phase Error Settings
WLAN Phase Error Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN Phase Error display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 252: Wlan Power Vs Time Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 253 WLAN Measurements WLAN Power vs Time Display Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 254: Wlan Power Vs Time Settings
WLAN Power vs Time Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN Power vs Time display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 255: Wlan Spectral Flatness Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval, Subcarrier Spacing, and Channel Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 256: Wlan Spectral Flatness Settings
WLAN Spectral Flatness Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN Spectral Flatness display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 257: Wlan Summary Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 258 WLAN Measurements WLAN Summary Display WLAN Summary Display for 802.11a/g/j/p/n/ac Signals RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 259 VHT-SIGNAL symbols' ﬁelds. The Pass/Fail result in each heading line indicates whether L-SIG Data the calculated Parity or CRC value matches the received Parity or CRC value of the HT-SIG Data corresponding SIGNAL symbol grouping. VHT-SIG Data RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 260 WLAN Measurements WLAN Summary Display WLAN Summary Display for 802.11b Signals RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 261: Wlan Summary Settings
CRC ﬁelds. The CRC Pass/Fail result indicates if the received CRC value is equal to the CRC value computed from the received Signal, Service and Length values. WLAN Summary Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the WLAN Summary display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 262: Wlan Symbol Table Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 263 WLAN Symbol Table Display WLAN Symbol Table for OFDM signals Item Description Subcarrier identiﬁers (OFDM only). Yellow column indicates Pilot subcarrier locations. Symbol identiﬁers. Subcarrier data values. Marker readout when markers are enabled. WLAN Symbol Table for 802.11b signals RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 264: Wlan Symbol Table Settings
The control panel tabs in this section are shared between the displays in the WLAN Analysis folder (Setup > Displays). Some tabs are shared by all the displays, some tabs are shared by only a subset of displays. The settings available on some tabs change depending on the selected display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 265 Speciﬁes the units of the display and whether elements of the graphs are displayed. Modulation Params Tab - WLAN The Modulation Params tab speciﬁes the type of modulation used by the input signal and other parameters that deﬁne the signal format. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 266 Indicates the FFT sample rate, based on the bandwidth or subcarrier setting. FFT Length Indicates the ﬁxed FFT length. Analysis Params Tab - WLAN The Analysis Params tab contains parameters that control the analysis of the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 267 When the box is unchecked, the rotation is not removed, which provides a direct view of the physical modulation on the channel. When the box is checked, the rotation is removed, allowing easier decoding of the underlying data content. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 268 Speciﬁes the ending value of the range to be displayed. Max symbols to analyze Speciﬁes how many symbols are analyzed. You can use this setting to speed analysis by limiting the number of symbols being analyzed. Data Range tab for 802.11b standards. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 269 – Resolution: 1 symbol Auto When enabled, causes the instrument to set the Analysis Length value based on the requirements of the selected display. Units Speciﬁes the units of the Analysis Length in either Symbols or Seconds. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 270 The Traces tab allows you to set the trace display characteristics of the WLAN Channel Reponse display. Settings Description Trace Selects the Magnitude or Phase trace for saving or recalling. Save Trace As . . . Select to save a trace. Recall Trace . . . Select to recall a trace. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 271 Power vs Time display, and one for the EVM, Magnitude Error, Phase Error, and Channel Response displays. Scale tab for the WLAN Power vs Time display Scale tab for WLAN EVM, Magnitude Error, Phase Error, and Channel Response displays Scale tab for WLAN Constellation display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 272 Vertical Position Sets the vertical location of the Constellation display within the graph. Range is -3.7 to +3.7. Horizontal Position Sets the horizontal location of the Constellation display within the graph. Range is -3.7 to +3.7. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 273 EVM units Speciﬁes whether the displayed EVM units are dB or percent. Max Bursts to Avg Speciﬁes the maximum number of bursts to average when Count is selected. Count Enables the Max Bursts to Avg function. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 274 Magnitude, Phase, or Both. Disabled (no masks), Shaded Region, or Line Only. These selections are only available for OFDM signals. Show graticule Speciﬁes to show the graticule on the display when checked. Show marker readout Speciﬁes to show the marker readout when checked. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 275: Overview
Add. The OFDM Chan Response icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. 5. Click OK to show the OFDM Chan Response display. 6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 276 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 277: Ofdm Channel Response Settings
281) analysis. Also allows you to specify the time units (Symbols or Seconds) for OFDM Analysis displays. Prefs Tab (see page 285) Speciﬁes the units of the display and whether elements of the graphs are displayed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 278: Ofdm Constellation Display
7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 279: Ofdm Constellation Settings
4. In the Available displays box, double-click the OFDM EVM icon or select the icon and click Add. The OFDM EVM icon will appear in the Selected displays box and will no longer appear under Available displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 280: Ofdm Evm Settings
OFDM EVM Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the OFDM EVM display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 281: Ofdm Spectral Flatness Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval, Subcarrier Spacing and Channel Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 282: Ofdm Spectral Flatness Settings
OFDM Spectral Flatness Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the OFDM Spectral Flatness display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 283: Ofdm Magnitude Error Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 284: Ofdm Magnitude Error Settings
OFDM Magnitude Error Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the OFDM Mag Error display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 285: Ofdm Phase Error Display
6. Set the Frequency appropriate for the signal. 7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 286: Ofdm Phase Error Settings
OFDM Phase Error Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the OFDM Phase Error display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 287: Ofdm Power Display
8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. 9. If you are analyzing a stored data ﬁle, press the Replay button to take measurements on the recalled acquisition data ﬁle. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 288: Ofdm Power Settings
OFDM Power Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The settings for the OFDM Power display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 289: Ofdm Summary Display
7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. Elements of the Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 290: Ofdm Summary Settings
Speciﬁes parameters that deﬁne the portion of the acquisition record that is used for analysis. Also allows you to specify the Units (Symbols or Seconds) for OFDM Analysis displays. Prefs (see page 285) Speciﬁes the units of the display and whether elements of the graphs are displayed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 291: Ofdm Symbol Table Display
7. Select Setup > Settings to display the control panel. 8. Select the Modulation Params tab. Set the Standard, Guard Interval and Spacing and Bandwidth controls as appropriate for the input signal. Item Description Subcarrier identiﬁers. Symbol identiﬁers. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 292: Ofdm Symbol Table Settings
The control panel tabs in this section are shared between the displays in the OFDM Analysis folder (Setup > Displays). Some tabs are shared by all the displays, some tabs are shared by only a couple of displays. The settings available on some tabs change depending on the selected display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 293 Speciﬁes the spacing between subcarriers and the nominal channel bandwidth. Only one of these settings can be set at a time, the other setting is automatically calculated. Sample Rate Indicates the FFT sample rate, based on the bandwidth or subcarrier setting. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 294 The choices available are Phase, Amplitude, and Timing. The default setting is Phase. Swap I & Q Select the checkbox to swap the I and Q components of a signal. This compensates the input signal for spectral inversion. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 295 Speciﬁes how many symbols are analyzed. You can use this setting to speed analysis by limiting the number of symbols being analyzed. Analysis Time Tab - OFDM The Analysis Time tab contains parameters that deﬁne how the signal is analyzed in the OFDM Analysis displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 296 Analysis Length, in Symbol or Seconds units, is shown below the control in the "Actual" readout. This setting is not available when Auto is checked. Range: minimum value depends on modulation type. Resolution: 1 symbol. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 297 Measurement Frequency. There are two versions of the Scale tab for OFDM displays. One version is used only for the Constellation display and the other version is used for the OFDM EVM, OFDM Magnitude Error, OFDM Phase Error, and OFDM Power displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 298 Vertical Position Sets the vertical location of the Constellation display within the graph. Range is -3.7 to +3.7. Horizontal Position Sets the horizontal location of the Constellation display within the graph. Range is -3.7 to +3.7. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 299 Displays both the Subcarrier and Symbol graphs. Displays only the subcarrier graph. Subcarriers Symbols Displays only the symbol graph. Show graticule Displays or hides the graticule in the graphs. Show marker readout Displays or hides the marker readouts in the graphs. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 300 OFDM Analysis Prefs Tab - OFDM RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 301: Overview
Pulse Table Display The Pulse Table lists selected measurements in a spreadsheet format, showing the pulse numbers and all the results for each measurement on all the detected pulses. Pulses are numbered from one. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 302: Pulse Table Settings
Changing the Pulse Table Display Settings (see page 288) Pulse Table Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The Settings control panel tabs for the Pulse Table Display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 303: Pulse Trace Display
The Pulse Trace display shows one measurement result and a trace graph illustrating that measurement for a selected pulse number. You can also choose to display arrows and lines in the graph that illustrate where on the pulse the measurement is being taken. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 304 Sets the power level shown at the top of the graph. If the number is greater than the Ref Level, a white line will appear in the graph to indicate the Ref Level. Vertical scale Sets the vertical scale value. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 305: Pulse Trace Settings
Y axis and pulse number on the X axis. Alternatively, the Statistics Display can show an FFT trace for the values of a measurement over all the pulses analyzed. Numeric readouts of Max, Min, and Average in this display summarize results for the selected pulse measurement. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 306 For Trend and Time Trend plot types, this indicates the pulse selected by the Pulse setting. For the FFT plot type, this indicator marks the trace point at the selected frequency. For Histogram plot types, this indicator marks the selected results bin. Adjusts the horizontal scale. Scale RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 307: Pulse Statistics Settings
Speciﬁes the vertical and horizontal scale settings. Prefs (see page 303) Speciﬁes whether or not certain elements of the display are shown. Params Tab The Params tab enables you to adjust several measurement parameters for Pulsed RF displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 308 The setting resolution is: 1. If this setting is not checked, the analyzer will measure all pulses within the Analysis Time, up to a maximum of 10000 pulses. To determine the maximum number of pulses that can be analyzed, use the following equation: where: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 309 The Deﬁne tab enables you to specify parameters that control where measurements are made on a pulse. The settings available depend on the measurement selected. The following paragraphs describe the settings that appear on the Deﬁne tab according to the Measurement(s) selection. Freq-Domain Linearity RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 310 In the Relative time method, Length speciﬁes the percentage of the top of the pulse that is used for measurements. The instrument automatically determines the pulse top. The measurement length is centered within the pulse ON time. Impulse Response RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 311 The measurement length is centered within the pulse ON time. Freq Diff, Phase Diff Description Setting Measure point Speciﬁes the period in time after the 50% rising edge at which frequency and phase difference measurements are made. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 312 Length speciﬁes the percentage of the top of the pulse that is used for measurements. The instrument automatically determines the pulse top. The measurement length is centered within the pulse ON time. Only the Relative Time method is available for Ripple. Overshoot RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 313 In the Relative time method, Length speciﬁes the percentage of the top of the pulse that is used for measurements. The instrument automatically determines the pulse top. The measurement length is centered within the pulse ON time. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 314 Select Voltage to use -6 dB as the 50% point. Select Power to use -3 dB as the 50% level. Freq Estimation Tab Use the Freq Estimation tab to specify parameters used for determining frequency offset. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 315 Other: The signal is not one of the listed types. You must manually enter the Frequency Offset value. The following table maps the appropriate signal type selection with the signal characteristics. Signature Phase offset from one pulse to another Zero Any (unknown) CW Constant Phase CW Changing Phase Linear Chirp RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 316 Autoscale Resets the scale of the horizontal axis to contain the complete trace. Plot (Pulse Statistics display Speciﬁes the FFT, Trend, Time Trend, or Histogram plot. only) Reset Scale Restores all settings to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 317 Count or %. Count indicates the number of hits that fell into each bin. % indicates percentage Histogram is the selected of the total count (for the acquisition) that fell into each bin. plot type) Bins Speciﬁes how many "bins" or histogram bars the results are distributed into. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 318 Pulsed RF Prefs Tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 319: Overview
To display the Audio Spectrum display: 1. Press the Displays button or select Setup > Displays. This shows the Select Displays dialog box. 2. From the Folders box, select Audio Analysis. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 320: Audio Spectrum Settings
Analysis results Display of the audio analysis results. Audio Spectrum Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The measurement settings for the Audio Spectrum display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 321: Audio Summary Display
Measurement results are displayed in this area. The displayed measurements vary with signal type. Hum & Noise results Hum & Noise analysis readout. Hum & Noise appears only when enabled on the Hum & Noise tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 322: Audio Summary Settings
"Phase Deviation". For Direct, there is no modulation excursion, it is actually "signal excursion". Audio Summary Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: The measurement settings for the Audio Summary display are shown in the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 323: Common Controls For Audio Analysis Displays
The Prefs tab enables you to change appearance characteristics of the Audio Analysis (see page 318) displays. Params1 Tab The Params1 tab is used to specify characteristics of the audio signal to be measured and how the signal will be measured. Params1 tab for AM signal types RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 324 Audio Bandwidth to 10 x 3 kHz = 30 kHz. This ensures that the bandwidth of the data provided by the system to the measurement will be at least of 60 kHz (2 x 30 kHz) which is sufﬁcient for this signal and analysis requirement. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 325 AudioBW (PM) = MAX (MaxAudioAnalysisFreq, PMFreqDeviation+FundamentalFreq) where PMFreqDeviation = PMPhaseDeviationInRadians x FundamentalFreq RBW Filter Shape Select Kaiser in most cases for best measurement performance. Select Flattop only if you want to use standard markers to measure signal amplitude with highest accuracy. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 326 You can select from pre-deﬁned ﬁlters or use a ﬁlter you deﬁne in a text ﬁle. You can also specify the de-emphasis time constant applied to the audio signal and the telecom weighting ﬁlters used to measure noise. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 327 LPF (Low Pass Filter) 300 Hz (5th-order Butterworth response) 3 kHz 15 kHz 30 kHz 80 kHz 300 kHz User 20 Hz HPF (High Pass Filter) (5th-order Butterworth response) 50 Hz 300 Hz 400 Hz User RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 328 Each pair must be on a separate line. The ﬁlter response between the points is interpolated using a cubic spline ﬁt. The following table shows the ﬁrst few lines of a custom audio ﬁlter text ﬁle. -100 16.66, 100, 200, 300, -10.6 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 329 The Scale tab allows you to change the vertical and horizontal scale settings. Changing the scale settings changes how the trace appears on the display but does not change acquisition control settings. In effect, these controls operate like pan and zoom controls. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 330 Changes the frequency shown at the right side of the graph. Autoscale Resets the Left and Right settings to show the entire trace. Sets the graph horizontal axis to a logarithmic scale. Reset Scale Resets the Vertical and Horizontal settings to their default values. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 331 For AM, FM, and PM signal types, the RMS modulation value (related to Modulation Depth, Frequency Deviation or Phase Deviation) is captured and compared. The Diff measurement is: 20 x log (RMS(current)/RMS(Ref)) in dB. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 332 Sets the number of trace points used for marker measurements and for results export. Show Marker readout in graph Shows or hides the readout for the selected marker in the graph area. (selected marker) Show Non-Harm Threshold Shows or hides the non-harmonic threshold line. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 333: Gp Digital Modulation
I & Q signals, EVM, Phase Error, Magnitude Error, and more. Modulation Measurements NOTE. A maximum of approximately 80,000 samples can be analyzed by the General Purpose Digital Modulation measurements (the actual value varies with modulation type). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 334: Constellation Display
2. From the Folders box, select GP Digital Modulation. 3. Double-click the Constellation icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Constellation icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This shows the Constellation display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 335: Constellation Settings
NOTE. You might be able to save time conﬁguring the Constellation display by pressing the Standard Settings button from the Settings control panel. This allows you to select a preset optimized for a standard from the Select Standard dialog box. See Standard Settings Button. (see page 344) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 336: Demod I & Q Vs Time Display
3. Double-click the Demod I&Q vs Time icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Demod I&Q vs Time icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This shows the Demod I&Q vs Time display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 337 Settings > Freq & BW (see page 349) tab. If Freq Error is displayed, it also indicates that the Carrier frequency detection setting is Auto. If Freq Offset is displayed, it indicates that the Carrier frequency detection setting is manual. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 338: Demod I & Q Vs Time Settings
The EVM vs. Time Display shows the Error Vector Magnitude plotted over Time. NOTE. A maximum of approximately 80,000 samples can be analyzed by the General Purpose Digital Modulation measurements (the actual value varies with modulation type). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 339: Evm Vs Time Settings
Scale Sets the length of time shown in the graph. Changing the EVM vs Time Display Settings (see page 325) EVM vs Time Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings Application Toolbar: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 340: Eye Diagram Display
2. From the Folders box, select GP Digital Modulation. 3. Double-click the Eye Diagram icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Eye Diagram icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This displays the Eye Diagram view. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 341: Eye Diagram Settings
Auto or Manual. This indicates the selected carrier frequency detection method (see Settings > Freq & BW). Changing Eye Diagram Settings (see page 327) Eye Diagram Settings Menu Bar: Setup > Settings Front Panel: Settings RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 342: Frequency Deviation Vs Time Display
3. Double-click the Frequency Deviation vs Time icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Frequency Deviation vs Time icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This displays the Frequency Deviation vs Time view. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 343 Displays the difference between the maximum and minimum measured values of the signal frequency during the Measurement Time. The displayed frequency error is followed by either Auto or Manual. This indicates the selected carrier frequency detection method (see Settings > Freq & BW). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 344: Frequency Deviation Vs Time Settings
The Magnitude Error displays the magnitude of the symbol error. The amplitude appears on the vertical axis while time is plotted along the horizontal axis. NOTE. A maximum of approximately 80,000 samples can be analyzed by the General Purpose Digital Modulation measurements (the actual value varies with modulation type). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 345 Freq Error is the difference between the Center Frequency and the measured frequency of the signal being tested. This readout will be Freq Offset if the Freq Offset parameter on the Settings > Advanced Params (see page 352) tab is set to Manual. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 346: Magnitude Error Vs Time Settings
NOTE. A maximum of approximately 80,000 samples can be analyzed by the General Purpose Digital Modulation measurements (the actual value varies with modulation type). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 347 Peak and RMS readouts Displays the Peak value of the phase error and the time at which it occurred. Also displays the RMS value over the analysis length. Scale Sets the time spanned by the graph. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 348: Phase Error Vs. Time Settings
The Signal Quality display shows several measurements of signal quality. The measurements displayed depend on the modulation type. There is a set of measurements displayed for all modulation types except nFSK and C4FM. There is a second set of measurements displayed for nFSK and C4FM modulation types. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 349 GP Digital Modulation Signal Quality Display Signal Quality display for all modulation types except nFSK, C4FM, OQPSK, and SOQPSK Signal Quality display for OQPSK and SOQPSK modulation types RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 350 GP Digital Modulation Signal Quality Display Signal Quality display for nFSK modulation type Signal Quality display for C4FM modulation type RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 351 The normalized correlated power of the measured signal and the ideal reference signal. Like EVM, Rho is a measure of modulation quality. The value of Rho is less than 1 in all practical cases and is equal to 1 for a perfect signal measured in a perfect receiver. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 352 The normalized correlated power of the measured signal and the ideal reference signal. Like EVM, Rho is a measure of modulation quality. The value of Rho is less than 1 in all practical cases and is equal to 1 for a perfect signal measured in a perfect receiver. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 353: Signal Quality Settings
NOTE. You might be able to save time conﬁguring the Signal Quality display by pressing the Standard Settings button from the Settings control panel. This allows you to select a preset optimized for a standard from the Select Standard dialog box. See Standard Settings Button. (see page 344) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 354: Symbol Table Display
2. From the Folders box, select GP Digital Modulation. 3. Double-click the Symbol Table icon in the Available Displays box. This adds the Symbol Table icon to the Selected displays box. 4. Click the OK button. This displays the Symbol Table view. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 355: Symbol Table Settings
The Analysis Time tab contains parameters that deﬁne the portion of the acquisition record that is used for analysis. Prefs (see page 360) The Prefs tab enables you to set characteristics of the measurement display. Trellis Diagram Display To show an Trellis Diagram display: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 356 Displays the difference between the maximum and minimum measured values of the signal frequency during the Measurement Time. The displayed frequency error is followed by either Auto or Manual. This indicates the selected carrier frequency detection method (see Settings > Freq & BW). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 357: Trellis Diagram Settings
GP Digital Modulation folder. Changing a setting on one tab changes that setting for all the GP Digital Modulation displays. For example, if you change the Modulation Type for the Constellation Display, it also changes the Modulation RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 358: Standard Settings Button
GP Digital Modulation displays. All of the presets in the Standard Settings Dialog make the following settings: Analysis Length: Auto Points per Symbol: 4 Data Differential: No Burst Mode: Off Burst Detection Threshold: -10 dBc RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 359 Filter Parameter Enter a value used for deﬁning the Reference Filter. (Not present for some ﬁlter types) Modulation index (Present only for CPM modulation type) Modulation Type The modulation types that can be demodulated and analyzed are: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 360 ﬁlter is not practical for a selected modulation type, it is not presented as an available ﬁlter. To determine which ﬁlters are available, make certain that your desired modulation type is selected. See the following table. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 361 IS-95TXEQ_MEA IS-95REF SOQPSK None SOQPSK-MIL User SOQPSK-ARTM User None None User User None None 2FSK Gaussian Gaussian 4FSK RootRaisedCosine RaisedCosine 8FSK RaisedCosine User 16FSK Rectangular (freq) User C4FM C4FM-P25 RaisedCosine User SBPSK None SBPSK-MIL User User RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 362 For Transmit Filter = Raised Cosine (RC), Measurement Filter = None, the Reference Filter = Raised Cosine (When the Measurement Filter = None, the Reference Filter = Transmit Filter) For Transmit Filter = Gaussian, Measurement Filter = None, the Reference Filter = Gaussian RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 363 The Freq & BW tab speciﬁes a group of settings that affect how measurements are made. Freq & BW tab with nFSK or C4FM modulation type selected and Frequency Error readout enabled (Auto selected) Freq & BW tab with SOQPSK modulation type selected and Frequency Offset enabled (Auto deselected) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 364 1, 2, 4, and 8. Taps The number of ﬁlter coefﬁcients. Range: 3 to 100 (you can set a higher number, but 100 is the practical limit). Length Speciﬁes the number of symbols analyzed (or ﬁlter length). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 365 13. Change the Convergence, Taps/Symbol, and Taps values iteratively to achieve a minimum EVM value. NOTE. Changing the Taps/symbol or Taps values resets the equalizer. Using the Equalizer To use the equalizer: 1. Select and conﬁgure a GP Digital Modulation display. 2. Select Setup > Settings. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 366 The Advanced Params tab speciﬁes additional parameters that control the demodulation of the signal. Advanced Params tab for all modulation types except nFSK, C4FM, and APSK Advanced Params tab for modulation type nFSK Advanced Params tab for modulation type C4FM RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 367: Symbol Maps
Use the Swap I and Q control to correct a signal sourced by a downconverter that inverts the frequency of the signal under test. APSK Parameters Three parameters can be set for Constellation display of APSK modulation types. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 368: Symbol Maps
## 3. Empty cells may be included to preserve the constellation shape. ## 4. Blank lines are ignored. ## 5. A modulation type which does not match the name of an existing ## type will be ignored. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 369 Sets the level required for the signal to qualify as a burst. Enter a value in dBc down from top of the signal. Use Synch Word When enabled, speciﬁes the string of symbols to look for. Enter the search string with external keyboard or the on-screen keyboard. Clear Blanks the search string ﬁeld. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 370 The instrument will display a notiﬁcation when measurement results are computed from less data than requested. Range: 0 to [(end of acquisition) - Analysis Length)]. Resolution: 1 effective sample (or symbol). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 371 Example traces tab for constellation display set to SOQPSK modulation type Note that some settings are not present for all modulation types and some settings are not present for all displays. Example trace tab for constellation display set to CPM modulation type RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 372 To display a second trace in the Constellation display: 1. If more than one display is present, select the Constellation display to ensure it is the selected display. 2. Click the settings icon or select Setup > Settings from the menu bar. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 373 The Units used for the horizontal scale can be either Seconds or Symbols. To set the units for the horizontal scale, display the Analysis Time tab. On the tab, select the appropriate units from the Units drop-down list. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 374: Symbol Maps
Adds EVM results in the display when enabled (Offset EVM is always displayed). Present results only in Signal Quality display and with SOQPSK and OQPSK modulation types only Symbol Maps This topic shows the symbol mapping for each digital modulation technique. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 375 GP Digital Modulation Symbol Maps D8PSK Phase shift Symbol value (radians) (binary) π/4 π/2 3π/4 π 5π/4 3π/2 7π/4 Pi/2 DBPSK Phase shift Symbol value (radians) (binary) +π/2 –π/2 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 376 GP Digital Modulation Symbol Maps DQPSK Phase shift Symbol value (radians) (binary) π/2 π 3π/2 Pi/4 DQPSK Phase shift Symbol value (radians) (binary) +π/4 +3π/4 –π/4 -3π/4 Phase shift Symbol value direction (binary) – RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 377 GP Digital Modulation Symbol Maps RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 378 GP Digital Modulation Symbol Maps RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 379 GP Digital Modulation Symbol Maps RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 380: Overview: User Deﬁned Measurement And Reference Filters
3. Enter a name for the ﬁlter in one of the Name (editable) boxes. This name will appear in the drop-down list on the Modulation Params tab, prefaced with User. The maximum number of characters for the ﬁlter name is 20. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 381: User Filter File Format
A decimal number can be expressed by ﬁxed point or ﬂoating point. For example, 0.01 and 1.0E-2 are both valid. “0” (zero) and “,0” (comma zero) can be omitted. For example, “1.5,0”, “1.5,”, and “1.5” are equivalent. Lines with only a comma and blank lines are skipped. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 382 0.130455,0 -0.0151973,0 -0.0263419,0 -0.157502,0 -0.0246357,0 -0.0280807,0 -0.0971877,0 -0.0971877,0 -0.0280807,0 -0.0246357,0 -0.157502,0 -0.0263419,0 -0.0151973,0 0.130455,0 -0.181776,0 -0.0209294,0 0.286147,0 -0.174718,0 -0.0136498,0 0.0194761,0 0.455249,0 -0.143898,0 -0.0062255,0 0.0405144,0 0.623332,0 -0.0984502,0 0.0594205,0 0.774975,0 -0.047715,0 0.0720253,0 0.895591,0 0.0743803,0 0.973215,0 0.0383599,0 0.063548,0 0.063548,0 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 383 4.37E-07,0 1.39E-07,0 0.172989,0 0.172989,0 1.39E-07,0 4.37E-07,0 0.25,0 0.114626,0 4.21E-08,0 1.32E-06,0 0.345977,0 0.0727328,0 1.23E-08,0 3.81E-06,0 0.458502,0 0.0441942,0 3.42E-09,0 1.06E-05,0 0.581862,0 0.0257149,0 9.11E-10,0 2.80E-05,0 0.707107,0 0.0143282,0 2.33E-10,0 7.10E-05,0 0.822878,0 0.00764509,0 0.000172633,0 0.917004,0 0.00390625,0 0.000401796,0 0.978572,0 0.00191127,0 0.000895512,0 0.000895512,0 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 384 GP Digital Modulation User Filter File Format RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 385: Marker Measurements
Controlling Markers with the Touchscreen Actions Menu In addition to controlling the marker actions from the front panel or screen menu items, you can use the touch screen actions menu to move markers or add and delete markers. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 386 Moves the selected marker to the next peak. Choices are Next left, Next right, Next lower (absolute), and Next higher (absolute). Add marker Deﬁnes a new marker located at the horizontal center of the graph. Delete marker Removes the last added marker. All markers off Removes all markers. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 387: Measuring Signal Density, Frequency And Power On A Dpx Bitmap Trace
The up and down arrows search for peaks at the same frequency. The peaks on the DPX Bitmap trace are deﬁned by the settings for the DPX Signal Density on the Markers > Deﬁne Markers > Deﬁne Peaks (see page 376) tab. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 388: Measuring Frequency And Power In The Spectrum Display
8. Read the frequency and power level of the marker position on the display. 9. Read the signal density, frequency and power level of the marker position on the display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 389: Marker Action Controls
When Readouts is set to Delta, each delta marker (M1-M4) readout displays both the marker's position on the trace and the difference between its position and the position of the Reference Marker (MR). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 390 5. Click the close button to remove the Deﬁne Markers control panel. Deﬁning Peaks You can specify two amplitude values that deﬁne peaks. For the DPX display, you can also deﬁne peaks based on signal density characteristics. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 391: Using The Markers Toolbar
Select Marker Toolbar to display or hide the Marker Toolbar in the application window. The Marker Toolbar enables you to operate existing markers or deﬁne new markers. Enabling a marker or adjusting the position of a marker automatically opens the Markers toolbar. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 392: Using Noise Markers In The Spectrum Display
However, the delta marker values are converted to dBm/Hz, and then a difference value, in dBc/Hz, is calculated between each delta measurement and the reference. Measuring Noise To measure noise on a Spectrum trace: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 393 16. Read the frequency and power level for the selected marker in the upper corners of the display. To display the delta measurement in dBc/Hz, select the delta marker (M1, M2, M3 or M4) by clicking on it or pressing the front-panel Select button until it is selected. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 394 Marker Measurements Using Noise Markers in the Spectrum Display RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 395: Search (Limits Testing)
Speciﬁes the action to take when the search condition is met. Deﬁne Tab (Search) The Deﬁne tab sets the parameters for a search. From this tab, you specify which trace to search and what kind of violation to search for. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 396 If you select a greater than/less than search, you also specify the level that deﬁnes a violation. When you select either is greater than or is less than, a text entry box appears to the right of the drop-down list. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 397 1. To delete a point from the table, select the point to be removed, and click Delete. 2. To close the Mask Editor without saving your changes, click Cancel (if you have already clicked Apply, this only cancels changes since the last time Apply was clicked). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 398 8. If you load a saved a mask, use the Open dialog box to locate and open the mask ﬁle. 9. Click OK. The following ﬁgure shows the results of an is outside mask Search. The vertical red bar highlights results that match the Search deﬁnition. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 399: Actions Tab
File > Save As. The Save dialog will show you the current save location. If you want to save the ﬁle in a different location, save a ﬁle (any type) in the desired location. This resets the save destination to the new location. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 400 Search (Limits Testing) Actions Tab RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 401: Analyzing Data
Speciﬁes the measurement frequency (center frequency). Units (see page 393) Speciﬁes the Power units for all displays. Analysis Time Tab The Analysis Time tab contains parameters that deﬁne the portion of the acquisition record that is used for analysis. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 402 The analysis offset is measured from this point. Choices are: Acquisition Start or Trigger Point. Parameter Description Acquisition Start Offset is measured from the point at which acquisition begins. Trigger Point Offset is measured from the trigger point. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 403: Spectrum Time Tab
The Frequency tab speciﬁes two frequency values: the Measurement Frequency and the Spectrum Center Frequency. The Measurement Frequency is the frequency at which most displays take measurements. The Spectrum Center Frequency is the center frequency used by the Spectrum, DPX Spectrum, Spectrogram and Time Overview displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 404 When the Spectrum Center Frequency is unlocked from the Measurement Frequency, you can adjust the Measurement Frequency so that measurements can be taken at different frequencies without resetting the center frequency. The following screen capture shows the magenta-colored measurement frequency indicator still located at the center frequency. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 405 Measurement Frequency indicator. The width of the box indicates the widest measurement bandwidth in use among the open displays. You can see how the width of this box changes with the measurement bandwidth by, in this example, adjusting the Measurement BW setting for the Constellation RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 406 Measurement Frequencies, it just widens the acquisition bandwidth. Other optimizations tune the acquisition frequency to match that of whichever display is currently selected. The RF trigger module receives the same acquisition data as all the measurements, tuned to the center of the current acquisition bandwidth. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 407: Units Tab
From the menu bar, select Replay > Select data records from history. Selecting the Data Type to Replay You can choose to replay either acquisition data or DPX spectra. Choose Acq Data to replay any acquisitions except DPXogram acquisitions. Choose DPX Spectra to replay a DPXogram acquisition. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 408 Select DPX Spectra Tab The Select DPX Spectra tab is used to select which DPXogram spectra to replay. A spectra is the smallest DPXogram unit that can be replayed. It is equivalent to one line in the DPXogram display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 409 DPX Spectra of the current acquisition. The Stop value is reset to the last DPX Spectra in the current acquisition. Acquisition Info Tab Displays information about acquisition settings and sets the number of decimal places used for displaying the time stamp. Replay Speed Tab Sets the speed at which data records are replayed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 410: Replay Menu
DPX Spectra Selecting DPX Spectra selects DPX spectra as the source for replay. Selecting DPX Spectra does not start replay, it only selects the type of acquisition data that will be replayed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 411: Replay All Selected Records
Select Pause to suspend playback. Selecting Pause again restarts the replay at the point it was paused. Stop Select Stop to halt the replay of data. Selecting any Replay action restarts replay of records from the beginning. Select All Select Select all to select all data records for replay. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 412: Select Records From History
Pressing Select all selects all records in history for replay. Selecting Select all resets the Start and Stop values on the Select data records tab of the Replay control panel. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 413 All data records in the acquisition history were acquired with identical parameters. When any of these parameters are changed, all records in history are deleted as soon as the ﬁrst record acquired under the new parameter values is received. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 414 Analyzing Data Replay Toolbar RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 415: Amplitude Corrections
On the Internal Settings tab, you can specify the Reference Level for the signal analyzer's RF front end, the settings for the internal attenuator, enable/disable the optional internal preamp, and specify the RF & IF Optimization. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 416 The Auto setting is an optimized trade-off of the competing performance choices. Minimize sweep time. Selecting Minimize Sweep Time causes the instrument to use the widest available acquisition bandwidth when sweeping across spans greater than the maximum available real-time span. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 417 Minimize noise. This mode increases the system gain at points past the RF mixer. This has the effect of reducing the displayed average noise level. The table below summarizes the conditions. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 418: External Gain/Loss Correction Tab
The External Gain/Loss Correction tab allows you to apply a correction to a signal to compensate for the use of external equipment, such as an ampliﬁer or attenuator. You can specify whether the corrections on this tab apply to all acquired data or only to a set group of displays. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 419: External Gain Value
Because of the real-time nature of the instrument and desire to frequently reanalyze stored acquisitions, it is possible to apply amplitude corrections in real time. Applying real-time corrections to the incoming data means that, the correction factors present during the acquisition are already part of the data when RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 420: External Loss Tables
(Setup > Analysis > Units) to dBuA/m or dBuV/m. Creating an External Loss Table You can create an external loss table with the analyzer application. No external application is required. To create an external loss table: 1. Click Edit. to display the Table Editor. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 421 External loss tables are saved in CSV (Comma Separated Value) format. Loading an External Loss Table To load an external loss table ﬁle: 1. Click Edit to display the Table Editor. 2. Click Load to display the Open dialog box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 422: External Probe Correction Tab
External Probe Correction Tab The External Probe Correction tab is used to specify whether a correction factor is applied to the signal when a Tektronix P7000 Series probe is connected to the analyzer through the Tektronix RTPA2A Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer TekConnect Probe Adapter.
Page 423: Continuous Versus Single Sequence
Abort Menu Bar: Run > Abort Selecting Abort immediately halts the current acquisition/measurement cycle. In-process measurements and acquisitions are not allowed to complete. Visibility and accuracy of results is unspeciﬁed after an abort. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 424: The Acquire Control Panel
Run mode speciﬁes whether the analyzer will stop acquiring data after it completes a measurement sequence. Continuous - In Continuous mode, once the analyzer completes a measurement sequence, it begins another. Single - In Single mode, once the analyzer completes a measurement sequence, it stops. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 425: Sampling Parameters Tab
Acq BW / Acq Samples Acq BW Acq Samples Acq Length Acq BW / Acq Length Acq BW Acquisition Length Acq Samples Acquisition Memory Usage The center portion of the tab shows how the acquisition memory is used. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 426: Advanced Tab (Acquire)
Dither is the process of adding noise to the analog signal prior to the analog-to-digital conversion. The purpose of adding noise is to randomize the quantizing process of the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) so it does not appear as discrete components in locations where the distortion components of the ADC would RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 427: Fastsave
ﬁle prior to analysis or save functions. These hard-drive read and write cycles can be time consuming for large ﬁles. If you need only to save data for later analysis, a mode named FastSave is available. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 428 4. Set the number of ﬁles to save by entering a number in the Max ﬁles saved per Run box. 5. Specify the ﬁle format (TIQ or Matlab). Starting a FastSave Acquisition To start a FastSave acquisition: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 429 Saving X of XX - FastSave is active and saving ﬁles. This appears only while FastSave is active. Done saving - restart with Stop, then Run .. More - Displayed when the speciﬁed number of ﬁles have been saved. FastSave can be restarted by selecting Run to begin a new set of acquisitions. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 430: Fastsave Tab
In Free Run mode, the instrument initiates acquisitions without considering any trigger conditions. It is a fast and easy way to see the signals. Free Run is usually adequate for the Spectrum display unless you need to specify a particular time at which to collect the data record. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 431 ﬁle. You can also set the instrument to save a picture of the screen when the trigger event occurs. See Action Tab (Triggering) (see page 435) for details on conﬁguring Save on trigger. Trigger Front Panel Status Lights The analyzer has three lights on the front panel that indicate the Trigger status: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 432 Using Frequency Edge Triggering To trigger acquisitions based on input signal frequency changes: 1. Click the Triggered option button. 2. Select RF Input from the Source drop-down list. 3. Select Frequency Edge from the Type drop-down list. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 433 Set the amplitude units to any unit other than Watts or Volts to move or resize the measurement box. For further information on setting the power level parameters, see Event Tab (Triggering) (see page 424). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 434: Frequency Mask Trigger
2. Select the Event tab. 3. Set Source to RF Input. 4. Set Type to Frequency Mask. 5. Select Mask Editor. Creating a Mask The simplest way to create a mask is to use the Auto draw function. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 435 When the mask is adjusted, you can see this in the Spectrum display and the Mask Editor. The mask's shaded ﬁll shows the usable vertical range. Points outside this range are shown, but will not cause a trigger. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 436 You can also delete a point by clicking on the point in the table that you want to delete and clicking the X button. If you delete a point by accident, click Undo. You can click Undo until the Undo button is grayed out. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 437: Trigger Settings
Sets values used to adjust time of acquisition with respect to time of trigger event. Advanced (see page 434) Sets controls for triggering in swept acquisitions. Actions (see page 435) Sets parameters for Save on trigger function. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 438: Event Tab
DPX Spectrum graph deﬁnes a trigger event. When Type is set to Runt, a signal that exceeds a speciﬁed level and then fails to exceed a second speciﬁed level deﬁnes a trigger event. Source = RF input. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 439 Use Mask Editor (on the Event tab when Type is set to Frequency Mask) to create and modify Frequency Masks. Violation Speciﬁes the type of transition that deﬁnes a violation. Speciﬁes the resolution bandwidth. Auto Speciﬁes whether the RBW is adjusted automatically or manually. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 440 The slope control determines whether the analyzer ﬁnds the trigger point on the rising or the falling edge of the trigger input signal. Level The Level setting determines the signal amplitude that will be recognized as a trigger event. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 441 Speciﬁes whether a High or Low signal at the Trig 2 In input (rear panel) allows a trigger event on the Trig In (front) input to be accepted. Source = Line. The analyzer triggers off of the AC line supply. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 442 Readout of the current acquisition bandwidth (see Setup > Acquire > Sampling Parameters). If Time-domain BW is enabled, this readout mirrors the setting for the Time-domain BW. Freq Slope The following ﬁgures show how the Freq Slope setting affects the trigger. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 443 (the difference between the upper and lower thresholds) and cross the lower threshold followed by crossing the upper threshold. The hysteresis value is calculated as: Hysteresis = (0.2 X Full Trigger Level range)/10 This amounts to 0.2 divisions if the full range is set to 10 divisions. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 444 (above the mask's lower edge). Conversely, a False violation occurs if no points on a signal fall inside the mask (all trace points are below the mask's lower edge). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 445 Source = RF Input and Type = DPX Density. DPX Density triggering analyzes the density of the DPX Bitmap trace to deﬁne trigger events. You specify the portion of the DPX Bitmap trace to analyze by RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 446 Speciﬁes that a second signal transition cycle that fails to fall below the Low level will deﬁne a trigger event. High level Speciﬁes the High level used to deﬁne the trigger event. Low level Speciﬁes the Low level used to deﬁne the trigger event. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 447: Time Qualiﬁed Tab
ﬁrst event is recognized. For example, if Freq Mask is selected and its RBW causes a minimum off time of 500 µs, and your signal violates the mask for 600 µs of every 1 ms, (so that the OFF time is RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 448: Advanced Tab (Triggering)
The case where the difference can be noticed is when the time between trigger events is always less than the speciﬁed holdoff time. An oscilloscope will trigger on the ﬁrst event after the holdoff time expires, RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 449: Actions Tab (Triggering)
ﬁles. For example, if you set Max total ﬁles to 100, the instrument will save 100 acquisitions if only acquisitions are saved or only pictures are saved. But, if both acquisitions and pictures are saved, then 50 acquisitions and 50 pictures will be saved. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 450 Controlling the Acquisition of Data Actions Tab (Triggering) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 451: Managing Data, Settings, And Pictures
Saving while running is allowed by the analyzer, but data ﬁles saved while running will not contain any DPX spectral data. 2. Select Save As from the File menu to open the Save As dialog box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 452 Preparing for a FastSave Acquisition (see page 414). Recalling Files You can recall three types of ﬁles: Setup ﬁles, Selected Trace, and Acquisition data with setup. Recalling data follows the same procedure regardless of the type of data being recalled. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 453: Data, Settings, And Picture File Formats
Saving Acquisition Data Export in CSV Format Save for examining results in other programs, such as MATLAB or Excel. Data, Settings, and Picture File Formats You can save different types of data for later recall and analysis. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 454 These ﬁles contain a list of settings that describe how the instrument is set up for the Spurious measurement. The ﬁle contains the number of ranges enabled, the start and stop frequencies for each enabled range, the limits for each enabled range, the mask type and more. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 455 19th character into the ﬁle (starting with 1), and will always be 9 characters long. NOTE. You should not casually modify the XML header, because this will change the offset to the start of the binary data. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 456 InputZoom - The acquisition bandwidth in Hertz. The MATLAB format used to save acquisition data has the following properties and limitations: Files are stored in MATLAB Level 5 format. MATLAB Level 5 ﬁle size is limited to 2 GB. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 457: Printing Screen Shots
1. Select File > Print. 2. Select File > Print Preview if you wish to review the screen shot before sending it to the printer. 3. Select File > Print to print the ﬁle to a printer. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 458 Managing Data, Settings, and Pictures Printing Screen Shots RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 459: Online Help
At the top of the window is a line that displays the version of the analyzer application software. Installed Options This text box lists the instrument options installed on the analyzer. This window does not list every option installed on the instrument, just those that can be detected by the software. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 460: Conﬁgure In/Out Settings
The maximum measurable continuous input power for all models is 1 W. Model Input frequency range RSA5103B 1 Hz to 3 GHz RSA5106B 1 Hz to 6.2 GHz RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 461 Maximum DC Voltage ± 5 V (RF input) Maximum Measurable Input Power + 30 dBm (RF input, RF ATT Auto) 50 Watts peak (RF Band, RF 30 dB (<10 ms pulse width, 1% Duty Cycle repetitive pulses)) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 462: Connecting A Signal Using A Tekconnect Probe
You can connect a signal to the analyzer using a TekConnect Probe by using an RTPA2A Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer TekConnect Probe Adapter. The RTPA2A enables you to use Tektronix P7000 Series active and differential probes to connect to signals. See the RTPA2A Instruction Manual for instructions on how to connect the probe adapter and a probe to the analyzer.
Page 463: Digital I And Q Outputs
The rear panel I and Q output connectors are LVDS connectors. For full details on the connectors, see the Speciﬁcations and Performance Veriﬁcation manual. A PDF ﬁle on the manual is located on the Documentation CD that shipped with your instrument. The manual can be downloaded from the Tektronix Web site, www.tektronix.com/manuals.
Page 464: Other Outputs
The output is a voltage that represents the signal at the center frequency. The resolution bandwidth is based on the selected display and the output is scaled by the vertical settings (offset and scale) of the selected display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 465 10 MHz: Uses the 10 MHz low pass output ﬁlter. 100 kHz: Uses the 100 kHz low pass output ﬁlter. This ﬁlter reduces the noise content of the output, but also causes a slight distortion of the pulse edge. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 466: Menu Overview
Setup (see page 460) Change settings for acquisition, trigger, analysis, measurements, amplitude, alignments, and conﬁgure in/out settings. Presets (see page 22) Load and conﬁgure presets. Tools (see page 461) Perform searches, access diagnostics, install upgrades and conﬁgure user preferences. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 467: File Menu
Menu Bar: File > Recall Front Panel: Recall Application Toolbar: Use the Recall command to load previously saved acquisition data, setups or trace data. To Recall Data or Setups 1. Select File > Recall. This displays the Open dialog box. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 468 Menu Bar: File > Save / Save As Use Save / Save As to store acquisition data, setups, and traces. Save is also used to export traces, results and pictures of the display for use in other programs. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 469 Options for Saving Pictures of the Display Option Setting Description Image Saves exported screen captures in Portable Network Graphics format. Format Saves exported screen captures in Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format. Saves exported screen captures in Windows bitmap format. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 470 Colors tab to set the color scheme. See Options Settings (see page 28). Print Preview Menu Bar: File > Print Preview Print Preview shows how a print out will appear when it is printed. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 471: View Menu
Status Bar The Status Bar displays information on speciﬁc instrument settings. It contains only status information; it does not display any error information. The Status bar has no controls. It can be hidden. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 472: Run Menu
Showing or Hiding the Status Bar Select View > Status Bar to toggle the display of the Status bar. Run Menu The Run menu provides access to commands that control the signal acquisition. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 473 Menu bar: Run > Continuous Selecting Continuous places the analyzer in the Continuous acquisition mode. In Continuous mode, the analyzer acquires and displays acquisitions repeatedly. The Continuous and Single Sequence acquisition modes are mutually exclusive. Selecting Continuous restarts acquisitions. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 474: Replay Menu
Displays the Analysis control panel. Amplitude (see page 401) Displays the Amplitude control panel. Conﬁgure In/Out (see Displays the Conﬁgure In/Out panel. page 446) Presets Menu The Presets menu provides you access to instrument presets and preset options. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 475: Tools Menu
The analyzer can adjust itself, optimizing the internal signal path used to acquire the signal you measure. Alignment optimizes the analyzer to take more accurate measurements based on the ambient temperature. The Alignments dialog enables you to specify when alignments occur, either automatically or only when manually initiated. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 476 The Diagnostics menu item displays the Diagnostics Tests window, which enables you to run variety of tests to verify the operation of the signal analyzer. For detailed information on running diagnostics, refer to the Service Manual. The manual can be downloaded from the Tektronix Web site, www.tektronix.com/manuals.
Page 477: Window Menu
Cascade arrangement is not selectable. (List of windows) A numbered list of open windows. Help Menu The Help menu provides access to the help and version information about the analyzer hardware and software. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 478: Error And Information Messages
Try changing settings to improve analysis. For example, when Pulse Trace is displayed, try changing the settings on the Settings > Params. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 479 (for example, by reducing Span), decreases sample rate, allowing the available memory to cover a longer time period. Data acquired during hardware failure If this data is from a saved ﬁle, the error cannot be cleared. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 480 Reset the Reference Level to a higher value. Frequency exceeds preamp range This is a warning that signals below the minimum preamp operating frequency are likely to be severely attenuated (this is 100 kHz for option 51, 1 MHz for option 50). RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 481 This message occurs in GP Digital Modulation displays. The most likely cause for this message is that there are not enough symbols to analyze. This can happen if: The Analysis Length is set too short. Increase the Analysis Length on the Analysis Time tab. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 482 On, but no burst was detected in the signal. Check that the Threshold setting is properly set. Not calibrated The instrument requires calibration. Calibration can be performed only at a Tektronix Service center. Contact Tektronix ) to schedule a calibration.
Page 483 The measurement is not running because the actual RBW used by the measurement is too large for the current acquisition span. Typically, the analysis length is too short as well. Either increase the span or increase the Analysis Length. RBW decreased RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 484 This message is just a reminder that the internal attenuator (see page 401) has been set to manual mode. RF digital gain overﬂow The input signal contains peaks greater than 6 dB above the Reference Level setting. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 485 Unexpected software error. Please cycle power and try again. If the problem persists, contact your Tektronix Service Center. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 486: Displaying The Windows Event Viewer
System and Security, and then select Administrative Tools.) 3. Double-click Event Viewer. 4. From the Event Viewer window, select Windows Logs, then select Application. This displays a list of all errors that have been reported to the operating system from applications. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 487 Please note that many items reported as “errors” are simply informational and do not mean that your instrument is impaired. Contact the Tektronix Customer Support Center or Service Center if you are concerned about an error shown in the Event Viewer. Do not send an instrument out for repair based solely on these event reports.
Page 488: Dealing With Sluggish Instrument Operation
How to Find Out if Software Upgrades are Available Software upgrades might be available can be downloaded from the Tektronix Web site. To see if a software upgrade is available for your product, use your browser to go to www.tektronix.com/software.
Page 489 EVM vs Time Settings (see page 325) Eye Diagram Settings (see page 327) FM Settings (see page 133) Frequency Deviation vs Time Settings (see page 330) Frequency vs Time Settings (see page 107) Magnitude Error Settings (see page 332) RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 490: Remote Login
Time Overview Settings (see page 91) Trellis Diagram Settings (see page 343) Remote Login You can access the instrument across a network using Windows Remote Desktop Connection. To access the instrument using Windows Remote Desktop Connection for the ﬁrst time: RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 491 Windows desktop, right-click the Computer icon, and select Properties. The computer name will appear on the control panel window.) 4. Enter OEM in the User name ﬁeld. 5. Click Connect to initiate the connection. 6. Enter spearﬁsh as the password when prompted. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 492 Reference Remote Login RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 493 A series of time-contiguous frames. This is also called a Block. Analysis Length The length of time in the Analysis Time. Analysis Time The portion of the acquisition record over which one or more measurements are calculated. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 494 The electrical signal, typically a sine wave, upon which modulation is impressed. Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (C/N) The ratio of carrier signal power to average noise power in a given bandwidth surrounding the carrier; usually expressed in decibels. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 495 To give a display priority over any others, click its title bar. CISPR International special committee on radio interference. (Comité international spécial des perturbations radioélectriques) Acronym for Continuous Wave. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 496 A unit to express voltage levels in decibels referenced to 1 millivolt. dBuV A unit to express voltage levels in decibels referenced to 1 microvolt. Decibel Ten times the logarithm of the ratio of one electrical power to another. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 497: Dynamic Range
Save data to a ﬁle in a format other than application-native. FastFrame FastFrame segments the acquisition record into a series of frames and then captures acquisitions as single frames. You can then view and measure each frame individually. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 498: Field Strength
A series of time-contiguous samples, long enough in duration and at a sufﬁcient sample rate to produce a spectrum view of a speciﬁed span and RBW. Frequency Band The continuous range of frequencies extending between two limiting frequencies, expressed in hertz. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 499: Frequency Range
The time measured from a reference point to when the signal of interest settles to within user-deﬁned tolerance. GPIB Acronym for General Purpose Interface Bus, the common name for the communications interface system deﬁned in IEEE Std. 488. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 500 The Impulse Response trace display shows normalized power on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. Input Impedance The impedance at the desired input terminal. Usually expressed in terms of VSWR, return loss, or other related terms for low impedance devices and resistance-capacitance parameters for high impedance devices. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 501 Digitally stored display mode which, at each frequency address, compares the incoming signal level to the stored level and retains the lower level. In this mode, the display indicates the minimum level at each frequency after several successive sweeps. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 502 (kTB). The analyzer noise ﬂoor appears as a “grassy” baseline in the display, even when no signal is present. Open (Recall) Bring data into the application from a ﬁle of application-native format. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 503 ASK waves (see ASK). Real-Time Analysis Measurement technique based on triggering on an RF signal, seamlessly capturing it into memory, and analyzing it in the frequency, time, and modulation domains. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 504: Reference Level
Residual Response A spurious response in the absence of an input signal. (Noise and zero pip are excluded.) The RBW determines how well the analyzer can resolve or separate two or more closely spaced signal components. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 505 RefPos = Reference Positive in Volts DelNeg = Delta Negative in Volts (this is a positive value) RefNeg = Reference Negative in Volts The Ripple measurement, in Volts, is calculated as follows: Where: RatioPosV = DelPos/RefPos RatioNegV = DelNeg/RefNeg RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 506 As used in this help, the signal refers to the input signal before it is processed. The signal is an input. Signal Strength Signal Strength locates the direction of a signal using a directional antenna and an audio tone and a visual display. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 507 The frequency domain representation of a signal showing the power distribution of its spectral component versus frequency. Spectrum Analysis The technique or process of determining the frequency content of an RF signal. Spectrum Analyzer A device for determining the frequency components of a signal. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 508 As used in this help, trace refers to the displayed signal. The displayed signal can be a processed version of the input signal (for example, it may be averaged.) The trace is a result or output. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 509 A violation is a spur that exceeds either an Absolute or Relative limit (depending on the selected mask) speciﬁed on the Settings > Limits tab. A spur is a signal peak that exceeds a user-deﬁnable threshold (See Spurious > Settings > Ranges) and excursion setting. RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 510 Glossary Violation RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 511 Acquisition data ﬁles, 29 analysis time, 479 Average ON Power, 40 Acquisition Info tab, 395 Analysis Time tab Average Transmitted Power, 40 acquisition memory usage, 411 GP Digital Modulation Averaging displays, 356 Audio Analysis displays, 312 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 512 MCPR CCDF - Complimentary General Signal Viewing display, 159 Cumulative Distribution displays, 115 correction tables, 404 Function, 481 PM display, 144 creating a mask, 420 CCDF display, 178 Time Overview, 92 creating presets, 26 CDMA, 481 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 513 Enable Equalization ﬁeld strength, 484 Mask), 207 Equalizer tab, 350 File Contents window, 438 WLAN Channel Equalizer tab File formats, 439 Response, 227 GP Digital Modulation File Menu, 453 WLAN Constellation, 230 displays, 350 ﬁlter, 484 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 514 (search), 383 display, 159 is less than (search), 382 RF Measurements is outside mask, 381 displays, 218 Hanning Filter Shape is outside mask (search), 383 Freq-domain Linearity Spectrum display BW setting, 295 tab, 118 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 515 Frequency Settling Time, 200 Multi-Carrier Power Ratio, 35 Magnitude Error vs. Time Measurement BW, no ﬁlter, 112 Multiple Carrier Power Ratio, 157 display, 330 Freq & BW tab, 76 Magnitude Error vs. Time settings, 332 Network Connections, 19 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 516 Phase vs. Time display, 108 display, 273 Parameters tab Phase vs. Time settings, 109 settings, 274 AM display, 127 pictures OFDM Spectral Flatness CCDF display, 180 saving, 437 display, 267 FM display, 135 settings, 268 Occupied BW display, 167 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 517 Ready trigger status light, 417 Application, 22 residual response, 490 real-time analysis, 489 conﬁguring User, 25 results real-time bandwidth, 490 DPX, 22 saving, 437 real-time seamless capture, 490 Main, 22 Resume, 409 rear panel connectors, 19 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 518 Save picture on Trigger, 435 sensitivity, 492 Symbol Table display, 341 saved ﬁle types, 437 Set to max BW, 112 Time Overview display, 91 saving Settings, 446 Trellis Diagram display, 343 acquisition data, 437 AM display, 126 Trigger, 423 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 519 Audio Filters tab, 313 time scale status readout, 100 PM display, 143 Standard Settings button, 344 TIQ acquisition data ﬁles, 29 Time Overview display, 92 Standards TIQ acquisition data ﬁles signal, 492 presets, 22 parameters, 29 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 520 118 violation, 495 Transform Window violation (frequency mask Spectrum display BW trigger), 430 tab, 118 YouTube Trellis Diagram display Tektronix channel, 6 settings, 343 watch icon, 433 Trig'd trigger status light, 417 Trigger On This, 419 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...
Page 521 Index Zero Span DPX display, 65 Zero Span output, 450 Zero Span tab, 450 RSA5100B Series Printable Help...

Tektronix RSA5100B series Help Manual

Welcome

About Tektronix Analyzer

Orientation

Operating Your Instrument

Usingthe Measurementdisplays

Taking Measurements

General Signal Viewing

Analogmodulation

RF Measurements

Wlanmeasurements

Ofdmanalysis

Pulsedrf

Audioanalysis

GP Digital Modulation

Marker Measurements

Search (Limits Testing)

Analyzing Data

Amplitude Corrections

Controlling Theacquisitionofdata

Managing Data, Settings, and Pictures

Reference

Quick Links

Related Manuals for Tektronix RSA5100B series

Summary of Contents for Tektronix RSA5100B series