Anritsu Site Master S331P-0704 User Manual
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Anritsu Site Master S331P-0704 User Manual

S331p series, ultraportable cable and antenna analyzer featuring classic and advanced modes
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User Guide
Site Master™ S331P
Ultraportable Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Featuring Classic and Advanced Modes
150 kHz to 4 GHz (S331P-0704 Option)
150 kHz to 6 GHz (S331P-0706 Option)
Anritsu Company
Part Number: 10580-00426
490 Jarvis Drive
Revision: D
Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809
Published: January 2018
USA
Copyright 2018 Anritsu Company
http://www.anritsu.com

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  • Page 1 Featuring Classic and Advanced Modes 150 kHz to 4 GHz (S331P-0704 Option) 150 kHz to 6 GHz (S331P-0706 Option) Anritsu Company Part Number: 10580-00426 490 Jarvis Drive Revision: D Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 Published: January 2018 Copyright 2018 Anritsu Company http://www.anritsu.com...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Additional Documents ..... . 1-2 Contacting Anritsu for Sales and Service ..1-2 Instrument Description ......1-3 Available Options .
  • Page 4 Table of Contents (Continued) Advanced Measurements..... . 3-22 Smith Chart ......3-22 1-Port Phase .
  • Page 5 Table of Contents (Continued) Chapter 5—Calibration Factory Calibration ......5-1 Calibration Methods ......5-2 OSL (Open-Short-Load).
  • Page 6 Preset Menu ....... . 7-11 Chapter 8—Anritsu Tool Box Introduction........8-1 Line Sweep Tools (LST).

  • Page 7: Chapter 1-General Information

    Analyzer Advanced Mode. Chapter 4, “Classic Mode Operation” describes the menus available in the Classic Cable and Antenna Analyzer measurement mode, which emulates the user interface from the Anritsu “D” series Site Master instruments. Chapter 5, “Calibration” describes instrument calibration methods and procedures.

  • Page 8: Document Conventions

    For additional information and literature covering your product, visit the product page of your instrument and select the Library tab: http://www.anritsu.com/en-US/test-measurement/products/s331p Contacting Anritsu for Sales and Service To contact Anritsu, visit anritsu.com/contact-us and select the services in your region.

  • Page 9: Instrument Description

    Anritsu Line Sweep Tools (LST) can be used with the Site Master to create reports, view and organize data, edit markers and limit lines, and perform trace analysis. LST is available for download on the Anritsu website.

  • Page 10: Available Options

    Available Options The Site Master S331P Technical Data Sheet (part number 11410-00964) contains a list and description of available options. The data sheet is available at www.anritsu.com. Accessories The Technical Data Sheet also provides a list and description of standard and optional accessories.

  • Page 11: Chapter 2-Overview

    Chapter 2 — Overview Introduction Other than an RF test port and USB port, the Site Master S331P has no user controls on the instrument itself. All instrument functions are performed from an external PC controller, which can be a tablet or PC running Windows 7 or higher.

  • Page 12: Software Installation And Update

    S331PSiteMaster_Installer_VYYYY.MM.n.exe where YYYY.MM is the date stamp and n is the release version number. 1. Visit the Site Master S331P product page at: www.anritsu.com/en-US/test-measurement/products/s331p 2. Press the Downloads button. 3. Select the link for S331P Software Update, then click Download and save the installer file to local disk on your tablet or PC.

  • Page 13: User Interface Overview

    Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview User Interface Overview The S331P Graphical User Interface consists of a trace window, function menu keys, shortcut tool bars, and a virtual keypad on the right. Figure 2-2. S331P User Interface Virtual Keypad Table 2-1 provides a description of user keys on the virtual keypad of the S331P interface screen.
  • Page 14 2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Table 2-1. Site Master Keypad Functions (2 of 3) Description Moves or scrolls up a list. Moves or scrolls down a list. In File Management, closes the currently selected folder (that is, moves up one folder level). When a marker is selected (red vertical line), moves the marker left.
  • Page 15 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview Table 2-1. Site Master Keypad Functions (3 of 3) Description Displays the Trace menu. Trace operations include Copy Trace to Memory, Display Trace only, Display Memory only, Trace Display Trace and Memory. Trace math functions include Trace –...

  • Page 16: Menu Shortcut Window

    2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Menu Shortcut Window Press the Menu key on the virtual keypad to open the Menu Shortcut window. From here, you may switch between Cable-Antenna Analyzer Advanced and Classic modes by touching the appropriate mode icon. The screen also displays any user-created shortcuts, which may include measurement setups or submenu key shortcuts.
  • Page 17 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview Create a Shortcut for a Submenu Key Press and hold down any submenu key to add a shortcut to the Menu Shortcut window. After a few seconds, the Menu Shortcut screen will be automatically displayed showing the available locations for the shortcut.

  • Page 18: Function Menus And Tool Bar

    Function Menus and Tool Bar Figure 2-5 illustrates the main status and control elements of the Site Master user interface. 1 Anritsu logo. Displays the System Status dialog. Press ESC to close. Refer to the “Status Menu” on page 7-8 additional information.
  • Page 19 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview 8 Marker table. Refer to “Markers” on page 3-36. 9 Main menu keys with Measurement selected. Refer to “Main Menu Keys”. 10 Warning and status area. 11 Trace window (or graticule), a 10 x 10 grid showing the active trace. 12 Measurement information.
  • Page 20 2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Figure 2-6, the Measurement main menu is selected (Green depressed state) and the Return Loss measurement button is selected (Green indicator). Figure 2-6. Return Loss Measurement 2-10 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...
  • Page 21 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview Submenu Key Types The Site Master interface uses several submenu key types. Each is described in Table 2-2. Table 2-2. Submenu Key Examples (1 of 2) Key Description Key Example 1. Numeric Entry Start Frequency (F1) example: 2000 MHz Start Frequency (F1) key in the...
  • Page 22 2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Table 2-2. Submenu Key Examples (2 of 2) Key Description Key Example 3. Menu Selection Standard Standa example: Measurement main menu. Return Loss Return This key type is used when multiple options are available. The current choice is indicated by the green indicator at the Return Loss left of the button.
  • Page 23 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview System Function Tool Bar The System Function Tool Bar icons allow quick access to functions that are not measurement-specific. Figure 2-7 shows the icons that are displayed in the tool bar area (not available in Classic mode). 1 Preset icon –...
  • Page 24 2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Figure 2-8. Mode Selector Window Standard View Full Screen View Figure 2-9. Comparison of Standard Mode vs. Full Screen Mode 2-14 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 25: Dual Display Format

    Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview Dual Display Format The Site Master S331P can display two different measurements simultaneously by setting the Display Format to Dual, then selecting the measurement to display. Different amplitudes, limit lines, and markers can be set for each display.

  • Page 26: Display Modes

    2-3 User Interface Overview Overview Display Modes The S331P software offers the following display color schemes: Standard is the default display mode, suitable for normal lighting conditions. Daytime is used for challenging daytime viewing conditions requiring increased contrast. Nighttime is optimized for nighttime viewing with a darker, red-tinted color scheme.
  • Page 27 Overview 2-3 User Interface Overview Standard Daytime Nighttime Figure 2-11. Site Master Color Schemes S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 2-17...
  • Page 28 2-3 User Interface Overview Overview 2-18 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 29: Chapter 3-Cable And Antenna Measurements

    Chapter 3 — Cable and Antenna Measurements Overview This chapter describes Cable and Antenna measurements and how to set up the instrument and perform basic line sweeps. Use the Menu key and confirm that the instrument is in Cable Note &...

  • Page 30: Common Rf Terms

    3-2 Common RF Terms Cable and Antenna Measurements 4 Stop frequency (F2) 5 Marker 1 (Marker to Peak) 6 Pass message (active trace is entirely below the upper limit line in Return Loss measurement) 7 Marker table 8 Start frequency 9 Marker 2 (Marker to Valley) 10 Measurement details (also Menu Shortcuts) 11 User-defined setup and menu shortcuts (not available in Classic...
  • Page 31 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-2 Common RF Terms Insertion Loss (Cable Loss): Measures the total amount of signal energy absorbed (lost) by the cable assembly. Measured in dB. S21 is another name for this measurement. This is often a pass/fail measurement. Return Loss: Measurement in dB of reflected energy caused by impedance mismatch.

  • Page 32: Overview

    3-3 Overview Cable and Antenna Measurements Overview Line Sweeping System performance issues are seen in two ways: excessive reflections (more common) caused by impedance mismatches or excessive insertion losses (less common) caused by energy dissipated in the connectors or cables. The two measurements used to determine communication system performance are: •...
  • Page 33 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-3 Overview 1 Failure at Jumper (1.22 m) 2 Possible Failure at 8.31 m 3 Example of Good Connector (~30 dB) 4 Precision Load Connected at End of Cable (24.65 m) Figure 3-3. Distance to Fault Measurement Shows the Failing Components The second common Line Sweeping measurement is Cable Loss (Figure 3-4 on page...

  • Page 34: Calibration

    (except for Transmission measurements). OSL calibration components are used with Cable and Antenna Analyzer measurements and are available from Anritsu as optional accessories. For Transmission measurements, an external USB power sensor is used in the calibration setup and is connected to the S331P with a through test port cable or adapter.

  • Page 35: Line Sweep Measurements

    • Return Loss • Cable Loss • Distance-To-Fault Anritsu recommends using a phase-stable test port cable, Note attached to the Site Master RF port. Calibrate at the open end of the cable.
  • Page 36 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-6. Same Antenna Trace in VSWR To make Return Loss or VSWR measurements: 1. Press the Measurement main menu key and select Return Loss or VSWR. 2. Press Freq/Dist and enter the start and stop frequencies. 3.

  • Page 37: Cable Loss Measurement

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable Loss Measurement Cable loss sweep is made when a short is connected at the end of the transmission line. This insertion loss test allows analysis of the signal loss through the transmission line and identifies problems in the system.

  • Page 38: Dtf Measurement

    3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Alternatively, you can skip this step and the instrument will automatically apply the factory calibration (1-Port ReadyCal). 5. Connect the Site Master to the Device Under Test. 6. Press the Limit main menu key and set the limit line as described “Limit Lines”...
  • Page 39 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements DTF measurement is a frequency domain measurement and the data is transformed to the time domain. The distance information is obtained by analyzing how much the phase is changing when the system is swept in the frequency domain.
  • Page 40 Custom Cables can be created and uploaded to the instrument using Line Sweep Tools (LST). Instructions for using the LST Cable Editor are available in the software Help menu. The latest version of LST is available from the Anritsu website: anritsu.com/en-US/test-measurement/support/technical-support/handh eld-tools-tool-box.
  • Page 41 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Figure 3-9. Cable List Selection Distance Resolution Distance resolution is the Site Master’s ability to separate two closely spaced discontinuities. If the resolution is 5 meters and there are two faults 3 meters apart, the Site Master will not be able to show both faults until the resolution is improved by widening the frequency span.
  • Page 42 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-10 is an example of the same DTF measurement with a 100 MHz span vs. a 500 MHz span. The increased span provides additional detail that there may be several unique issues with the first 10 meters of the cable.
  • Page 43 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Windowing The theoretical requirement for inverse FFT is for the data to extend from zero frequency to infinity. Side lobes appear around a discontinuity because the spectrum is cut off at a finite frequency. Windowing reduces the side lobes by smoothing out the sharp transitions at the beginning and end of the frequency sweep.
  • Page 44 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Rectangular Nominal Minimum Figure 3-11. Effects of Windowing on a Sample Trace DMax (Maximum Usable Distance) DMax is the maximum horizontal distance that can be analyzed. The Stop Distance cannot exceed DMax. If the cable is longer than DMax, DMax needs to be improved by increasing the number of data points or lowering the frequency span (ΔF).
  • Page 45 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements a. Touch to select a parameter in the DTF Aid table, then press Edit to display available selections or, for numeric settings, open the parameter edit box. b. Press the desired setting key to select. If the parameter is a numeric value to be entered, use the virtual keypad to change the value in the edit box.
  • Page 46 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-12. DTF Return Loss with a Short at the End of the Cable (20.5 m) Figure 3-12, M1 and M2 are jumper cable connections. The Note peak beyond the end of the cable at M3 is the return reflection of the M2 peak.
  • Page 47 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Figure 3-13. Failing DTF Return Loss Measurement (Antenna at 20.54 m) Figure 3-14. Failing DTF Return Loss Measurement (Load at 20.54 m) S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 3-19...
  • Page 48 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements The jumper connector at 17.6 m was found to be loose and dirty. After cleaning and tightening to specification, another DTF measurement showed that the connector now passed the carrier 25 dB specification, indicated by the limit line (Figure 3-15).
  • Page 49 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-4 Line Sweep Measurements Figure 3-16 shows the same system with the antenna re-attached. The reflection of the jumper connector in now reduced to 27.64 dB. Figure 3-16. DTF Return Loss Measurement (Antenna at 20.54 m) S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev.

  • Page 50: Advanced Measurements

    3-5 Advanced Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements Advanced Measurements Smith Chart The Smith Chart is a graphical tool for plotting impedance data versus frequency. It converts the measured reflection coefficient data into impedance data and displays it in a manner that makes the Smith Chart a useful tool for determining and tuning input match.
  • Page 51 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-5 Advanced Measurements Figure 3-18. Set Reference Impedance for Smith Chart Calculations S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 3-23...

  • Page 52: 1-Port Phase

    3-5 Advanced Measurements Cable and Antenna Measurements 1-Port Phase The S331P can display the phase of the reflection measurements at the RF port. The Phase display range is from –450 degrees to +450 degrees. The 1-port phase measurement is most useful when making relative measurements (comparing the phase of one device to the phase of another) by utilizing the Trace Math function (Trace –...

  • Page 53: Transmission (Ext. Sensor)

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-5 Advanced Measurements Transmission (Ext. Sensor) To make more accurate cable loss measurements, especially for cables with more than 10 dB of loss, you can use the Transmission measurement with External Sensor. For this measurement, connect the cable under test to the RF port of the S331P and connect a USB power sensor to the other end of the cable.

  • Page 54: Measurement Setup

    3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Measurement Setup This section describes how to set up the Cable and Antenna parameters, markers, and limit lines. Instructions are based on the assumption you are using a tablet to control and operate the Site Master. Frequency 1.

  • Page 55: Distance

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Distance 1. Press the Freq/Dist main menu key, then press Distance if the menu is collapsed. 2. Press the Units key if needed to select the measurement system, foot or metric. 3. Press the Start Distance submenu key and use the virtual keypad to enter the value in the edit box.

  • Page 56: Amplitude

    3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Amplitude Setting the Amplitude using Top and Bottom Keys To manually set the amplitude scale of the measurement display: 1. Press the Amplitude main menu key. 2. Press the Top submenu key and use the virtual keypad to enter the value in the edit box.
  • Page 57 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup 1. Press the Sweep (3) key, then press Data Points. 2. Select 130, 259, 517, 1033, or 2065 data points. Refer to “Sweep Menu” on page 3-62 for additional information about the Sweep Setup menu and submenus. Setting Data Points to 2065 will invalidate an active Standard Cal correction that was performed with a lower Note...

  • Page 58: Limit Lines

    3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Limit Lines Limit lines are used for visual reference or for pass/fail criteria using the limit alarm and pass/fail message settings. Pressing either the Limit (6) key or the Limit main menu key displays the Limit menu. Overview of limit lines: •...
  • Page 59 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup 5. For segmented limit lines, press Edit Segments to display the Segments menu. A table displays active limit line segments. 6. Tap on a limit line segment, then choose to Add, Edit, or Delete the segment.
  • Page 60 3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements When editing a segmented limit line, a table is displayed with each segment in a separate row (Figure 3-24). The type is displayed as U or L. The Start and Stop settings are displayed as Start(x1,y1) and Stop(x2,y2).
  • Page 61 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Figure 3-26 shows a sequence of creating limit line segments for a filter measurement. Figure 3-26. Creating Limit Line Segments S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 3-33...
  • Page 62 3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-27 shows the result of moving limit line segments. Note that when moving upper or lower segments, all segments of the same type will be moved by the same amplitude value, meaning all upper or lower segments will move simultaneously.
  • Page 63 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Pass/Fail Messages When set to On, a Pass or Fail message is displayed. Fail is displayed when the trace crosses or touches a limit line, as illustrated in Figure 3-28. Note that Upper (U) or Lower (L) or both (U, L) are displayed.

  • Page 64: Markers

    3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Markers Markers can be applied to active or recalled measurements. The instrument supports eight markers. Marker information is stored in measurement and setup files and is displayed when either file type is recalled. Pressing the Marker main menu key will bring up the marker functions.
  • Page 65 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Figure 3-29. Markers 1, 2, and 5 are Out of Range Select, Activate, and Place a Marker / Delta Marker 1. Press the Marker main menu key. To select a marker, press the Select (1-8) key under Marker Setup.
  • Page 66 3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Marker Table The Marker Table displays below the sweep window. The table lists marker frequency/distance and amplitude information for all markers currently on. To display the marker table, press the Marker main menu key, then press Display under Marker Setup, and select Mkr + Table.
  • Page 67 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Figure 3-31. Marker Search, Marker 1 Set to Peak Peak Between Markers Another marker search option is to select the peak or valley between two markers instead of the entire displayed frequency or distance span. Markers 5 and 7 can be used to find the peak or valley between Marker 1 and Marker 2.
  • Page 68 3-6 Measurement Setup Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-32. Bounded Marker Search Tracking Markers A tracking marker is set to a peak or to a valley. As the peak (or valley) varies in the measurement trace, the tracking marker stays at the peak (or valley).
  • Page 69 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-6 Measurement Setup Figure 3-33, Marker M1 is set for Tracking a Valley. The three images show how the marker remains at the valley as the measurement trace changes. Figure 3-33. Tracking Marker Set to Valley S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev.

  • Page 70: Trace

    3-7 Trace Cable and Antenna Measurements Trace The Site Master S331P allows the user to concurrently view the live trace and a second trace that is stored in trace memory. The user can compare the two traces visually or using trace math functions. Pressing the Trace (5) main menu key will bring up the trace functions.

  • Page 71: Trace Overlay

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-7 Trace Trace Display allows viewing of two traces to compare the trace stored in memory to the live trace. Trace Math operations include Trace – Memory, Trace + Memory and (Trc + Memory) / 2. Saved traces can also be recalled and compared with the live trace.

  • Page 72: Trace Math Example

    3-7 Trace Cable and Antenna Measurements Trace Math Example The example below illustrates how the trace math features can be used to compare the phase of two cables. 1. Complete the steps described in “Trace Overlay” on page 3-43. 2. Press Trace Math and select Trace - Mem , Trace + Mem, or (Figure 3-36).
  • Page 73 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-7 Trace The trace math functions often seem backwards to new users. The points to remember with Trace - Memory, Trace + Memory, and (Trc + Mem) / 2 are: Notes • The numbers on the y-axis are negative. •...
  • Page 74 3-7 Trace Cable and Antenna Measurements Table 3-1. Trace Math Details (2 of 2) Example from Figure 3-36 Example Description (Trace + Memory) / 2 In the (Trace + Memory) / 2 graph, the yellow (not shown) trace is the result of adding the purple trace to the active trace and then dividing the result by 2.

  • Page 75: Measurement Review

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-8 Measurement Review Measurement Review Table 3-2 presents a summary of the typical measurements and required cable end tool. The typical values are for general information purposes. The carriers will provide final values in the acceptance testing specification.

  • Page 76: C&A Menus

    3-9 C&A Menus Cable and Antenna Measurements C&A Menus Figure 3-37 Figure 3-38 show the Cable and Antenna Analyzer Advanced Mode menu maps. The sections that follow describe function menus and associated submenus. The submenus are listed in the order they appear on the display from top to bottom under each main menu.
  • Page 77 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-9 C&A Menus AutoScl Sweep ScrnShot Limit See Limit Menu See Screen Shot Capture See Amplitude Menu Sweep Setup Sweep Setup Data Points Data Points Run/Hold Save Run/Hold Run/Hold /H ld Trace See Sweep Menu See Save Menu Hold Hold Trace...

  • Page 78: 3-10 Measurement Menu

    3-10 Measurement Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-10 Measurement Menu Key Sequence: Measurement Standard: Return Loss: Return Loss is used to characterize RF Measurement components and systems. The Return Loss indicates how well the system is matched by taking the ratio of Standard Standa the reflected signal to the incident signal, and...
  • Page 79 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-10 Measurement Menu Key Sequence: Measurement > Advanced Advanced: Smith Chart: Press this submenu key to view the Measurement measurement results in a Smith Chart. The Smith Chart is a graphical tool that is used to plot the impedance of the device connected to the Site Master.

  • Page 80: Freq/Dist Menu

    3-11 Freq/Dist Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-11 Freq/Dist Menu Key Sequence: Freq/Dist Frequency: Changing the Start or the Stop Frequency requires turning off User Cal if the active Cal Type is Freq/Dist Standard. Use Flex Cal to allow frequency range adjustments with User Cal on.
  • Page 81 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-11 Freq/Dist Menu Key Sequence: Freq/Dist > DTF Setup DTF Setup: Cable List: The Cable List submenu key opens a list Freq/Dist of available cable specifications (see Figure 3-9 on page 3-13). Frequency When a cable is selected from this list, propagation velocity and cable loss are automatically set by the Distance instrument.

  • Page 82: Windowing Menu

    3-11 Freq/Dist Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements Windowing Menu Key Sequence: Freq/Dist > DTF Setup > Windowing Rectangular: Rectangular Windowing shows the Windowing highest side lobe levels (worst) and the greatest main lobe resolution (best). Rectangular Rectang Nominal Side Lobe: Nominal Side Lobe Windowing shows less side lobe levels than Rectangular Nominal Side Windowing (good) but lower main lobe resolution...

  • Page 83: Amplitude Menu

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-12 Amplitude Menu 3-12 Amplitude Menu Key Sequence: Amplitude Top: Press this submenu key to set the top amplitude value in the trace window. Use the virtual keypad to Amplitude enter the value in the edit box, then press the dB key or Enter to apply the new power level and close the edit box.
  • Page 84 3-12 Amplitude Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements Figure 3-45. Set Reference Impedance for Smith Chart Measurement 3-56 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 85: 3-13 Calibration Menu

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-13 Calibration Menu 3-13 Calibration Menu Key Sequence: Calibration Refer to “Calibration Menu” on page 5-14 for a description of these menu keys. Calibration Calibration Start Start Calibration a a l bration Cal Info al Info User Cal ser Cal Measure...

  • Page 86: 3-14 Marker Menu

    3-14 Marker Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-14 Marker Menu Key Sequence: Marker Marker Setup: Select (1-8) M#: Press this key to open a submenu of Marker 8 potential markers, then select a marker number, M1 through M8 to turn it on (if currently off) and make it Marker Setup active.
  • Page 87 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-14 Marker Menu Key Sequence: Marker > Marker Search Marker Search: Marker Tracking (On Off): When turned on, the active marker becomes a tracking marker and defaults to tracking the peak. To track valleys, press the Marker to Valley Marker Setup button after turning on tracking.

  • Page 88: 3-15 Limit Menu

    3-15 Limit Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-15 Limit Menu Limit lines can be used for visual reference only or for pass/fail criteria using the limit alarm and Pass/Fail Message keys. Key Sequence: Limit (6) or Limit Limit Active Limit (Upper Lower): This key toggles the Limit active limit line settings to the upper or lower limit.
  • Page 89 Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-15 Limit Menu Key Sequence: Limit > Limit State Limit State Limit State Limit St Off: Turns off the currently active limit line (upper or lower). Single: Turns on a single limit line. Segmented: Turns on a segmented limit line. Single Both upper and lower limit lines must be of the same type: single or segmented.

  • Page 90: 3-16 Sweep Menu

    3-16 Sweep Menu Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-16 Sweep Menu Key Sequence: Sweep (3) Data Points: Opens the Data Points submenu, where Sweep you can choose the number of data points: 130, 259, 517, 1033 or 2065. Run/Hold: Toggles between Run and Hold. When in Sweep Setup Hold mode, pressing this key starts the sweeping and provides a trigger.

  • Page 91: 3-17 Trace Menu

    Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-17 Trace Menu 3-17 Trace Menu Key Sequence: Trace (5) Trace: Trace Copy Trace to Memory: Copies the current trace display to memory for use in Trace Math and Trace Display options. Trace Trace Display: Press to change the display Copy Trace options.

  • Page 92: 3-18 Other Menus Keys

    3-18 Other Menus Keys Cable and Antenna Measurements 3-18 Other Menus Keys Refer to Table 2-1, “Site Master Keypad Functions” on page 2-3. 3-64 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 93: Chapter 4-Classic Mode Operation

    Chapter 4 — Classic Mode Operation Introduction The Site Master S331P features a Classic Cable and Antenna Analyzer measurement mode, which allows users of Site Master legacy series (up to series D) to become efficient immediately. To provide quick and easy familiarity with the Site Master user interface, many of the advanced features such as Dual Screen display, Smith Chart, Phase, and multi-segmented limits, are purposely removed while in Classic Mode.
  • Page 94 4-1 Introduction Classic Mode Operation Classic Mode Advanced Mode Figure 4-1. Display Appearance in Classic Mode vs. Advanced Mode PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...
  • Page 95 Classic Mode Operation 4-1 Introduction Descriptions of the main menus and associated submenus that are common between the Classic and Advanced measurement modes are provided in Chapter 3 Figure 3-39 through Figure 3-53. Table 4-1. Menu Differences Between Classic Mode and Advanced Mode Classic Mode Advanced Cable and Antenna Mode...
  • Page 96 4-1 Introduction Classic Mode Operation Figure 4-2 Figure 4-3 show Cable and Antenna Analyzer Classic Mode menu maps. Mode Freq/Dist Amplitude Calibration Marker Meas/Disp Sweep Setup Amplitude Calibration Marker Freq - SWR Frequency Start Start Data Points a Points Calibration a a l l bration Freq - Return Loss...
  • Page 97 Classic Mode Operation 4-1 Introduction AutoScl Sweep ScrnShot Limit See Amplitude Menu Sweep Setup See Screen Shot Capture Single Limit Limit Line Limit Line Data Points a Points Run/Hold Run/Hold n/Hold Trace See Meas/Disp Menu Edit Value Hold Hold Trace Sweep Type Sweep Type Help...

  • Page 98: Calibration Menu

    4-2 Calibration Menu Classic Mode Operation Calibration Menu Key Sequence: Calibration Start Calibration: Press this key when you want to manually calibrate the instrument. The Calibration Calibration Setup window will open. Refer to “Calibration Procedure” on page 5-5. Measure: Press this key to perform a Calibration measurement at the end of each calibration step, after making the connections as instructed...
  • Page 99 Classic Mode Operation 4-2 Calibration Menu Figure 4-5. Calibration Information S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D...

  • Page 100: Marker Menu

    4-3 Marker Menu Classic Mode Operation Marker Menu Key Sequence: Marker Marker After pressing the Marker button, Marker 1 (M1) is Marker automatically turned on and appears at the last used location. If there is no last used location (after a preset, for example), Marker 1 will appear in the center of the Marker Marker...
  • Page 101 Classic Mode Operation 4-3 Marker Menu Key Sequence: Marker > M1 Marker Marker 1 Marker 1 M1 (On Off): Press this key to turn OFF the selected marker (M1 to M6). Edit: Press this key to enter a marker value. Edit Type (Ref Delta): Press this key to toggle the marker type between Reference and Delta.

  • Page 102: Limit Menu

    4-4 Limit Menu Classic Mode Operation Limit Menu Limit lines can be used for visual reference only, or for pass/fail criteria using the limit alarm and Pass/Fail Message keys. Key Sequence: Limit (6) Single Limit Limit Limit Line: This key toggles the limit line on or off. Limit line amplitude is stored even when turned off.

  • Page 103: Chapter 5-Calibration

    (User Cal) is turned off. ReadyCal simplifies the measurement process and can reduce overall test time while maintaining measurement integrity. Anritsu recommends an annual re-calibration at the factory if you routinely apply ReadyCal when making measurements.

  • Page 104: Calibration Methods

    5-2 Calibration Methods Calibration Calibration Methods The S331P supports the following user calibration methods for Cable and Antenna measurements. OSL (Open-Short-Load) For all measurement types except Transmission (Ext Sensor), you can manually calibrate the S331P using an external precision OSL calibration kit.

  • Page 105: Calibration Types

    Calibration 5-3 Calibration Types Calibration Types The available calibration types are Standard Cal and Flex Cal. Standard Cal applies to the currently set frequency range. Changing either the Start or Stop Frequency setting requires turning off User Cal, in which case the factory default 1-Port ReadyCal will apply to all measurement types except Transmission (Ext Sensor).
  • Page 106 5-4 Calibration Status Displays Calibration The following status descriptions are representative of the indicators and messages you may see on the interface screen. They are not a complete list of all possible combinations of measurement types and calibration methods. User Cal OK (RFP1) The Site Master has been calibrated for an OSL measurement (RFP1) and User Cal is on.

  • Page 107: Calibration Procedure

    Calibration 5-5 Calibration Procedure Calibration Procedure You can manually calibrate the S331P or use the ReadyCal factory calibration for quick measurements. The instrument automatically applies the default ReadyCal to all Cable and Antenna Analyzer measurement types except Transmission, when the User Cal setting is turned off or the Transmission (Ext Sensor) calibration method is used.

  • Page 108: Osl Calibration Setup

    5-5 Calibration Procedure Calibration 4. Depending on the selected Cal Method, proceed with the appropriate set of instructions for calibration setup: Transmission (Ext Sensor) OSL + Transmission (Ext Sensor) Refer to the S331P Technical Data Sheet (part number 11410-00964) for a list of supported calibration components, adapters, and power sensors.
  • Page 109 Calibration 5-5 Calibration Procedure Figure 5-4 illustrates Return Loss measurement after OSL calibration in Standard Cal. The calibration is not applied to Transmission measurement. Figure 5-4. OSL Calibration, Standard S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D...

  • Page 110: Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup

    5-5 Calibration Procedure Calibration Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup 1. In the Calibration Setup window, press Cal Type to select either Standard or Flex. Figure 5-5. Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup 2. Follow the on-screen instructions and press Measure at the end of each step.
  • Page 111 Calibration 5-5 Calibration Procedure Figure 5-6 illustrates Transmission measurement after Transmission (Ext Sensor) calibration in Standard Cal. The factory default 1-Port ReadyCal is applied to Return Loss and all measurement types other than Transmission. Figure 5-6. Transmission (Ext Sensor) Calibration, Standard S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev.

  • Page 112: Osl + Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup

    5-5 Calibration Procedure Calibration OSL + Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup 1. In the Calibration Setup window, press Cal Type to select either Standard or Flex. Figure 5-7. Transmission (Ext Sensor) Setup 2. Follow the on-screen instructions and press Measure at the end of each step.
  • Page 113 Calibration 5-5 Calibration Procedure Figure 5-8 illustrates Calibration On status for all measurement types after OSL + Transmission (Ext Sensor) calibration in Flex Cal. Figure 5-8. OSL + Transmission (Ext Sensor) Calibration, Flex S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 5-11...

  • Page 114: Cal Info

    5-6 Cal Info Calibration Cal Info From the Calibration main menu, press Cal Info to review the Active Cal Settings and a summary of the current instrument settings (see Figure 5-9). Active Cal Settings are the settings saved following the last completed calibration.

  • Page 115: Temperature Window

    Calibration 5-7 Temperature Window Temperature Window Anritsu recommends allowing the instrument to warm up for approximately 10 minutes to typical operating temperature before performing a user calibration. During operation, if the internal temperature moves outside the valid cal window, any applied user calibration factor will automatically be turned off –...

  • Page 116: Calibration Menu

    5-9 Calibration Menu Calibration Calibration Menu Key Sequence: Calibration Start Calibration: Press this key when you want to manually calibrate the instrument. The Calibration Calibration Setup window will open. Refer to “Calibration Procedure” on page 5-5. Measure: Press this key to perform a Calibration measurement at the end of each calibration step, after making the connections as instructed...

  • Page 117: Chapter 6-File Management

    Chapter 6 — File Management Introduction This chapter describes the file management features of the Site Master S331P. The File menu and associated submenus allow you to save, recall, copy, and delete files in the controller device (tablet or PC) local drive or a removable disk.

  • Page 118: File Types

    6-3 File Types File Management File Types File name extensions used in the Site Master S331P include: *.dat for Cable and Antenna measurement files *.ett for easyTest files *.stp for Setup files *.png for Screen Shot files *.csv text file with Comma Separated Values (CSV), for saving formatted data *.txt for saving Status information and Self Test results Save File...

  • Page 119: File Name

    File Management 6-4 Save File 4 Press Save to save the file and close the dialog box. Press Esc or the Close button (item 3 above) to cancel. 5 Delete or Backspace key (applies to file name field) 6 EZ Name keys 7 Digits and symbols keyboard 8 Alphabetic keyboard 9 Shift key...
  • Page 120 6-4 Save File File Management EZ Name Keyboards Some carriers may require files to be named according to specific conventions, including site ID, color coding, measurement type, termination device, and frequency information. Press one of the two EZ Name Page Selection keys to display the EZ Name keyboard, then touch an EZ Name key to enter the corresponding preset character string in the Filename edit box.
  • Page 121 File Management 6-4 Save File 2. Press the EZ Name key you want to define or rename. 3. Enter a new name, e.g., GREEN, for the selected key. Figure 6-3. Renaming an EZ Name Key 4. Press Done to apply the character string to the EZ Name key. The EZ Name keyboard now shows the key with its new name.

  • Page 122: File Type

    6-4 Save File File Management File Type The default file type in the Save dialog box is Measurement. To select a different type of data to save, press the Filetype button, then touch the appropriate key under the File Type menu. The selected file type determines the file name extension, as shown in Figure 6-5.

  • Page 123: Save Location

    File Management 6-4 Save File Save Location The current save destination is shown on the Location button in the Save dialog box. To change to another location, press the Location button and select where to save the file. Double-tap a folder to open it. Figure 6-6.

  • Page 124: Recall File

    6-5 Recall File File Management Recall File You can recall a previously saved measurement or setup or a screen shot file either from local disk on the controller PC or from a removable drive. Only one file of any type can be recalled at a time. Recalling a measurement or setup may change the current Note instrument settings and turn off any calibration correction.
  • Page 125 File Management 6-5 Recall File 5. In the preview screen that opens, press Enter to complete recalling the measurement. To cancel the recall and return to the File Recall menu, press ESC. Figure 6-9. Preview of a Recalled Measurement Figure 6-10 illustrates a recalled measurement and active trace.

  • Page 126: Recall A Setup

    6-5 Recall File File Management The recalled measurement is the purple trace and is overlaid on the current active (yellow) trace. In Figure 6-10, the recalled measurement is used to compare the cable loss of two different RF cables. Recalled measurements are automatically saved to trace memory for use in trace match functions.
  • Page 127 File Management 6-5 Recall File In the example below, the selected file is located in the default ScrnShots folder on local disk. Figure 6-11. Screen Shot Selected for Recall 6. A preview screen displaying the selected screen shot is illustrated Figure 6-12.

  • Page 128: Rename File

    6-6 Rename File File Management Rename File 1. Press the File (1) key to display the File menu. 2. Press File Mgmnt to open the File Mgmnt dialog box. 3. Navigate to the file you wish to rename and press to select. File selected for renaming Figure 6-13.

  • Page 129: Copy And Paste File

    File Management 6-7 Copy and Paste File 6. Press Save to apply the new file name and return to the File Mgmnt dialog box. Figure 6-15 illustrates the file directory with the renamed file. Same file after renaming Figure 6-15. Renamed File Copy and Paste File The Site Master S331P allows multiple files and folders to be copied or moved at the same time.
  • Page 130 6-7 Copy and Paste File File Management You can select a single or multiple files and folders, as illustrated Figure 6-16. Press the top checkbox to select all files and folders in the current directory. Figure 6-16. Multiple Item Selection 4.
  • Page 131 File Management 6-7 Copy and Paste File 8. If a file with the same name already exists in the destination folder, an overwrite confirmation prompt is displayed. Press Yes or No as appropriate. Figure 6-18. Confirm File Overwrite Figure 6-19 shows the pasted files in the destination folder.

  • Page 132: Delete File

    6-8 Delete File File Management Delete File The S331P allows multiple files and folders to be deleted at the same time from either local disk or an external storage drive. The example below describes deleting all files in the ScrnShots folder on your tablet or PC hard disk.

  • Page 133: Create Folder

    File Management 6-9 Create Folder Create Folder The Site Master S331P allows folders to be created on the controller device local disk or on a removable storage drive. This functionality is helpful in organizing traces by date, technician, carrier, and/or site location.
  • Page 134 6-9 Create Folder File Management 6. Press Save to apply the new folder name and return to the File Mgmnt dialog box. Figure 6-22 illustrates the new folder S331P-Setups created on removable drive E:. Figure 6-22. New Folder Created 6-18 PN: 10580-00426 Rev.

  • Page 135: 6-10 File Menu Overview

    ScreenShot (.png) Create Folder Copy Text (.txt) Copy Paste (.csv) Location: Paste Delete C:\Anritsu\S331P\User 3 3 3 1 1 1 P\User File Save Delete Navigation Set Location Choose a storage drive. Local Disk Navigation Create Folder Removable Disk Bottom Copy...

  • Page 136: File Menu

    6-11 File Menu File Management 6-11 File Menu Key Sequence: File (1) File: File Save: Press this key to open the “Save Menu” on page 6-21. Files can be saved to local disk on the controller device or to a removable storage drive. The File saved measurement, setup, or screen shot file can be named by using the on-screen keyboard.

  • Page 137: Save Menu

    Location: change the location where the Site Master saves files. Double-tap a folder to open it, and C:\Anritsu\S331P\User 3 3 3 3 3 3 1P\User press Set Location under the File Save submenu to set the current open folder as the Choose a storage drive.

  • Page 138: File Management

    6-11 File Menu File Management File Save: Location: Set Location: Press this key to set the current C:\Anritsu\S331P\User 3 3 3 3 3 3 1P\User open folder as the location for saving files. Refer “Save Location” on page 6-7. Choose a storage drive.

  • Page 139: Recall Menu

    File Management 6-11 File Menu Recall Menu Key Sequence: File (1) > Recall F ile Recall : File Recall Recall: Press this key to recall the selected file. Measurements, setups, or screen shots can be recalled. Recall Recalled measurements are first displayed on the screen interface as a preview.
  • Page 140 6-11 File Menu File Management Navigation: File Recall Top: Press this key to navigate to the top item of the current location. Navigation Bottom: Press this key to navigate to the bottom item of the current location. Page Up: Moves up one screen of items in the current location.

  • Page 141: File Mgmnt Menu

    File Management 6-11 File Menu File Mgmnt Menu Key Sequence: File (1) > File Mgmnt You can choose to display only files of a File Mgmnt: File Mgmnt specific type, or all files contained in the current location. To select the file type, press the Filetype Rename button, then the desired file type key.
  • Page 142 6-11 File Menu File Management Figure 6-28. File Type Selection in File Management 6-26 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 143: Chapter 7-System Operations

    The file is automatically named based on the instrument model, measurement type, and current date and time. By default, screen shot files are saved to the folder C:\Anritsu\S331P\User\ScrnShots on the tablet or PC. Display screens can also be captured by pressing the Save (7) key or the Save icon in the top tool bar, then setting the Filetype to ScreenShot.
  • Page 144 7-2 Screen Shot Capture System Operations Settings: Image Capture Size: Full Screen Background Color: Standard Image Header/Footer: Header Settings: Image Capture Size: Graph Only Background Color: Inverted Image Header/Footer: Footer Figure 7-1. Screen Shot Examples PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 145: Help

    System Operations 7-3 Help Help Key Sequence: Help (0) Press one of the tabs at the bottom of the main Help Screen to view information about the Site Master status, Frequently Asked Questions, or the instrument User Guide (see Figure 7-2).
  • Page 146 7-3 Help System Operations Press the System Info tab on the main Help screen to display information on the Site Master instrument and software version. Figure 7-3. System Info Press Esc or to exit Help. Pressing the FAQ tab on the main Help screen opens a new browser page where you can view answers to frequently asked questions.

  • Page 147: Self Test

    C:\Anritsu\S331P\User on your tablet or PC. 5. Press Esc or to close the Self Test window. Figure 7-4. Self Test Window If the Site Master fails the self test, contact your Anritsu Service Center (http://www.anritsu.com/contact-us). S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D...

  • Page 148: System Menu Overview

    7-5 System Menu Overview System Operations System Menu Overview Figure 7-5 illustrates the menu map of the Site Master System functions. System System Info Status Status S S S t t atus Instrument Info System Setups SW Info Language a a a n n n guage Connectivity Info Display...

  • Page 149: System Menu

    Press Save to File to save the results in a text file. The file will be named S331PSelf Test #X.txt, where X is an automatically generated sequence number. The default location of the file is C:\Anritsu\S331P\User on your tablet or PC. Figure 7-6.

  • Page 150: Status Menu

    The file will be named S331PStatus #X.txt, where X is an automatically Save To File generated sequence number. The default location of the file is C:\Anritsu\S331P\User on your tablet or PC. Figure 7-7. Status Menu Figure 7-8.

  • Page 151: Display Settings

    System Operations 7-6 System Menu Display Settings Key Sequence: System (8) > System Setups > Display Figure 7-9. Display Settings - Color Schemes Color Schemes: Press this key and use the pull-down Display menu to select Standard, Daytime, or Nighttime color scheme.
  • Page 152 7-6 System Menu System Operations ScrnShot Settings: Press this key to change the Display settings used when capturing a screen shot with the ScrnShot (4) key or the icon. Color Schemes Schem Under Image Capture Size, press the pull-down menu and select Graph Only or Full Screen, which captures the entire interface screen including menu keys and ScrnShot...

  • Page 153: Preset Menu

    This action also exits the S331P application. Delete All User Files: Deletes all user files and folders in C:\Anritsu\S331P\User. This includes measurement, setup, and screen shot files. Menu shortcuts, customized EZ key names, and custom cable types are not deleted.
  • Page 154 7-7 Preset Menu System Operations Delete Custom Files: Deletes all custom files of Preset the type or types selected: keyboard EZ names, menu shortcuts, and custom cable types (see Figure 7-12). Preset Master Reset: Applies factory default settings for all measurement modes and application settings, Preset including language, color scheme, and screen shot settings.
  • Page 155 System Operations 7-7 Preset Menu Figure 7-13. Master Reset S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D 7-13...
  • Page 156 7-7 Preset Menu System Operations 7-14 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...

  • Page 157: Chapter 8-Anritsu Tool Box

    Chapter 8 — Anritsu Tool Introduction The Anritsu Tool Box is a suite of applications designed to improve productivity for people who work with large numbers of cable and antenna traces every day. Tool Box applications may be downloaded from the Anritsu website at anritsu.com/en-US/test-measurement/support/technical-support/handh...

  • Page 158: Easytest Tools

    8-3 easyTest Tools Anritsu Tool Box easyTest Tools easyTest Tools is used to create work instruction files that consist of a command sequence and intructions to help less experienced personnel with operating the instrument in the field. • A drag-and-drop tool facilitates the creation of test scripts from a library of commands.

  • Page 159: Appendix A-Glossary Of Terms

    Appendix A — Glossary of Terms Introduction The following terms are used in this manual or are relevant to the topics discussed. Glossary Terms 3 dB rule : The 3 dB rule provides a means to estimate relative power values. A 3 dB gain indicates that power increases to twice the power (a multiple of 2).

  • Page 160: A-2 Glossary Terms

    A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms ADC : Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC, A/D or A to D) is an electronic device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. The reverse operation is performed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). ADC can uniquely represent all analog input values within a specified total input range by a limited number of digital output codes.
  • Page 161 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms Antenna Efficiency : Antenna Efficiency is the percentage of theoretical gain actually realized from an antenna. Antenna Gain : Antenna gain, also known as antenna directivity, is the relative gain of the main beam of an antenna pattern to a reference antenna, usually an isotropic or standard dipole.
  • Page 162 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms Average power : Average power is the peak power averaged over time and is usually applied to pulsed systems where the carrier power is switched on and off. Backhaul : In wireless technology, backhaul refers to transporting voice and data traffic from a cell site to the switch.
  • Page 163 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms BER : Bit Error Rate or Bit Error Ratio (link quality specification/testing) (BER) is a measure of transmission quality. The ratio of error bits to the total number of bits transmitted. A bit error rate of 10-6 refers to an average of one error per million bits.
  • Page 164 Calibration : When making measurements, the instrument must be calibrated in order to remove residual errors due to measurement setup conditions. Anritsu recommends performing the calibration under the same conditions as the measurement: temperature, frequency, number of points, source power, and IFBW. Calibrations standards with known reflection coefficients are used to calculate the correction factors.
  • Page 165 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms Cell Site : Cell Site, also called Base Station, is the local cellular tower and radio antenna (including the radios, controller, switch interconnect, etc.) that handles communication with subscribers in a particular area or cell. A cellular network is made up of many cell sites, all connected back to the switch via landline or microwave.
  • Page 166 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms COW : Cell site On Wheels (COW) is a mobile site placed at a location to fill in or increase coverage. CPLT : Cell Site on Light Truck (CPLT) is a mobile site on a vehicle placed at a location to fill in or increase coverage.
  • Page 167 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms dB : Decibel or deciBel (dB) is a logarithmic ratio of the difference between two values (a logarithm ratio is equal to 10 times). dB is a unit for measuring relative power ratios in terms of gain or loss. The units of dB are expressed in terms of the logarithm to base 10 of a ratio and typically are expressed in watts.
  • Page 168 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms dBm : dBm is an absolute measurement of power relative to 1 milliwatt. In other words, dBm is a decibel value referenced to a milliWatt (dBm). This is a technique for expressing a power measurement in logarithmic form using 1 mW as a reference.
  • Page 169 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms DVB-C : Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable (DVB-C), is the DVB European consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital television over cable. This system transmits an MPEG-2 family digital audio/video stream, using a QAM modulation with channel coding.
  • Page 170 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms FFT : Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an efficient algorithm to compute the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and its inverse. FFTs are of great importance to a wide variety of applications, from digital signal processing to solving partial differential equations to algorithms for quickly multiplying large integers.
  • Page 171 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms FM Threshold : FM Threshold is the point at which the input signal power is just strong enough to enable the receiver demodulator circuitry to successfully detect and recover a good quality television picture from the incoming video carrier. GHz : GigaHertz (GHz) is one billion (1 x 10E9) hertz, which is a measurement of frequency.
  • Page 172 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms Insertion Loss : Insertion Loss (or Cable Loss) is a measure of the total amount of signal energy absorbed (lost) by the cable assembly. It is measured in dB. S21 (an S-Parameter) is another name for this measurement.
  • Page 173 LRL : Line Reflect Line (LRL, also called TRL) method of calibration developed by Anritsu. LRL uses two (or more) transmission lines and a reflect standard (for each port). The line lengths are...
  • Page 174 LRM : Line Reflect Match (LRM) method of calibration developed by Anritsu. In LRM, one of the lines of the LRL method is replaced with a match (or load). For basic LRM, the match is assumed to be perfect, and thus represents a line of infinite length.
  • Page 175 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms NF : Noise Figure (NF) is a measure of degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is caused by components in a radio frequency (RF) device. The noise factor (F) of a system is defined as the signal-to-noise ratio of the input power of the system divided by the signal-to-noise ratio of the output power of that system.
  • Page 176 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms OTA : Over The Air (OTA): OTA refers generally to any transfer of information or signal that takes place in a wireless environment, rather than using a wired connection. OTA is usually used in connection with a standard defining the provisioning of mobile devices and applications, such as downloading or uploading content or...
  • Page 177 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms Return Loss : Return Loss is a measurement (in dB) of reflected energy caused by impedance mismatch. May also be referred to as S11. Although S11 values are expressed as negative numbers, Return Loss values are expressed as positive numbers because by definition the ìLossî...
  • Page 178 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms Smith Chart : A Smith Chart is a graphical aid for electrical and electronics characteristics in radio frequency (RF) circuits. Smith Chart was invented by Phillip Smith at Bell Laboratories in 1939. The chart can be used to display multiple parameters, such as impedance, and admittance.
  • Page 179 Glossary of Terms A-2 Glossary Terms SSL : SSL or Short Short Load or Offset Short 1, Offset Short 2, Load calibration method for waveguide line types uses Shorts with different offset lengths. It is a calibration (common in waveguide) with simple and redundant standards, but it is band-limited.
  • Page 180 A-2 Glossary Terms Glossary of Terms VBW : Video Bandwidth (VBW) VSWR : Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). VSWR is another method to measure reflected energy caused by impedance mismatch. It is expressed as a ratio of X:1. VSWR measures the voltage peaks and valleys.

  • Page 181: Index

    ....3-55 contacting Anritsu ..1-2 copy file . . . 6-13, 6-22, 6-23, 6-25 create folder .
  • Page 182 (LST) ... . 8-1 links contacting Anritsu ..1-2 save menu ....6-21 screen shot menu .
  • Page 183 Watt ..... 3-3 web site contacting Anritsu ..1-2 windowing ....3-15 S331P UG PN: 10580-00426 Rev.
  • Page 184 W to W Index-4 PN: 10580-00426 Rev. D S331P UG...
  • Page 186 Anritsu Company Anritsu utilizes recycled paper and environmentally conscious 490 Jarvis Drive inks and toner. Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 http://www.anritsu.com...

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