Page 1
SM0512 DV-RV8500E DV-RV8500E(UK) SERVICE MANUAL PAL SECAM DO NOT RESELL OR DIVERT IMPROPERLY. SPECIFICATIONS AND PARTS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE FOR IMPROVEMENT DVD VIDEO RECORDER with VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDER July 2005 Digital Media Division,Yokohama...
The use of a substitute replacement component which does not have the same safety characteristics as the HITACHI recommended replacement one, shown in the parts list in this Service Manual, may create shock, fire, or other hazards. Product safety is continuously under review and new instructions are issued from time to time.
Safety Precaution for Repair > Electrostatic Protection Measures / Cautions When Handling DVD Drive 1-2 Electrostatic Protection Measures Semiconductor components can be damaged by static electricity charged on clothes, human body, etc. Take great care when handling components to avoid electrostatic damage, and perform servicing in an environment where grounding is complete.
Safety Precaution for Repair > Lead-Free Solder 1-4 Lead-Free Solder The printed circuit board that uses lead-free solder is adopted. To protect the global environment, use the recommended lead-free solder also during servicing. Read and observe the following before soldering: Caution ALWAYS wear protective goggles during soldering so that no solder smoke or scattered solder enters the eye.
Safety Precaution for Repair > Notes When Using Service Manual 1-5 Notes When Using Service Manual (1) Value units used in parts list Certain symbols are indicated as shown below for value units of resistors, capacitors and coils in parts list. When you read them, note the following regular indications: Parts Indication in list Regular indication...
General Description 2-1 Overview The DV-RV8500E is a DVD recorder with VHS VCR that incorporates a DVD super multi-drive: It allows user to record and play back on +RW and +R, as well as on DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD-R and VHS videotape. It can be used without any concern about the type of media.
– Depending on the conditions of the recording In the case of an 8-cm DVD-RAM on which equipment or the CD-R/RW (or DVD±R/±RW) disc photos were recorded on a Hitachi DVD itself, some CD-R/RW (or DVD±R/±RW) discs cannot video camera/recorder, no editing of Disc be played on the unit.
Page 10
General Description > Overview About DVD-R and DVD-RW disc Is editing a DVD like editing a video tape? No. When you edit a video tape you need one video How are DVD-R and DVD-RW discs different? deck to play the original tape and another to record the The essential difference between DVD-R and DVD-RW edits.
RAM, DVD-RW and DVD-R. DVD-RW is compatible with recording/playback in both Video mode and VR (Video Recording) mode: DVD media can be selected to match the application. 2) The drive can play back 8 cm DVD-R recorded on a Hitachi DVD video camera/recorder and not finalized.
General Description > Specifications 2-3 Specifications General Power requirements AC 220-240V, 50/60Hz Power consumption Dimensions (approx.) 432 X 81.5 X 367 mm (w x h x d) Mass (approx.) 6.6 kg Operating temperature 5˚C to 35˚C Operating humidity 5 % to 90 % Television system PAL B/G, SECAM L/L' colour system [For E] PAL I colour system [For E (UK)]...
General Description > Major Differences from Previous Model 2-4 Major Differences from Previous Model : Same as on left Item DV-RV8500E DV-RX7000E Appearance PROGRAM Dimensions 432(W) x 367(D) x 81.5(H)mm 430(W) x 279(D) x 69(H)mm Power consumption Approx. 35 W Approx.35 W CPRM Recordable media...
General Description > Function Differences from Previous Model 2-5 Function Differences from Previous Model : Same as on left Item DV-RV8500E DV-RX7000E Recording Digital Recording (DV to DVD) Dubbing (VCR to DVD) Time Slip (PIP) Instant Timer Recording One Touch Recording (OTR) Flexible Recording Mode Yes (Timer Recording Only) Recording Mode...
General Description > Names of Parts 2-6 Names of Parts Front Panel 9 10 11 12 13 14 STANDBY/ON DV IN Switches the Recorder ON and OFF. Connect the DV output of a digital camcorder. Press to turn the power on and off.(As to the indication of the Operate switch, “...
General Description > Names of Parts Function Display Window Disc type indicators Indicates the type of disc loaded. Indicates when the recorder is in timer recording or a timer recording is programmed. REC The recorder is recording. PRG Programmed playback active. TTL Indicates current title.
General Description > Names of Parts Remote Control Overview POWER EJECT, OPEN/CLOSE Switches the recorder ON or OFF. - Opens and closes the disc tray. - Ejects the tape in the VCR deck. TV Control Buttons Select the Recorder’s function mode to DVD.
General Description > Names of Parts Rear Panel AERIAL Connect the aerial to this terminal. COMPONENT/PROGRESSIVE SCAN VIDEO OUT (Y Pb Pr) Connect to a TV with Y Pb Pr inputs. AUDIO OUT (Left/Right) Connect to an amplifier, receiver or stereo system. Mains Lead Plug into the power source.
General Description > List of Abbreviations and Terms for DVD Recorder 2-7 List of Abbreviations and Terms for DVD Recorder Index Abbreviation/Term Explanation See Dolby AC3. Black Level Function to correct the gradations on dark portions to make dark scenes easier- to-see.
Page 20
General Description > List of Abbreviations and Terms for DVD Recorder Index Abbreviation/Term Explanation JPEG Joint Photographic Expert Group: International standard format for compressing still images. MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group: Standard related to compression of digital video and audio. MPEG2 is a higher standard of MPEG and is applied to video (movie) requiring higher quality.
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting 3-1 Details of Servicing 3-1-1 Removing Disc from Faulty Recorder If disc cannot be removed due to fault, disassemble the recorder and remove the disc by the following procedure: 1) Remove the top cover. DISC TRAY [See 4-2 (1) for removal procedure.] 2) Remove the front panel.
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Firmware 3-1-3 Firmware The firmware is occasionally updated to improve performance. Check whether a customer complaint can be solved by updating of firmware: If the complaint can be solved, update the firmware. Information: 1) If any corrections in firmware are made at the factory, information on how to obtain the firmware data and create a disc containing upgraded firmware will be reported in technical bulletin, etc.
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Firmware (3) Main firmware updating procedure 1) Write the main firmware data to a CD-R. 2) Insert the firmware disc: The screen for verifying update will appear U p d a t e D i s c . (Fig.
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting 3-2 Troubleshooting 3-2-1 Troubleshooting electronic system (1) SMPS Circuit No 5.3VA F101: Normal? Replace F101. D127 anode: Voltage? Replace D127. BD101: Normal? Replace BD101. D128 cathode: Voltage? Replace D128. Power line on TH01: Normal? Replace TH01.
Page 25
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting No 12VA No REG12V (power supply of capstan/cylinder motors) Is 13 V supplied Check D126, and Is 13 V supplied Check D126, and to C130? replace if necessary. to Q126-C? replace if necessary. Is 33 V supplied D132 cathode: Voltage? Replace D132.
Page 26
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting (2) SYSTEM Circuit Stops automatically Check DPG/DFG signals IC501-23: H.SW waveform? from cylinder motor. IC501-3: Take-up Is 5.0 V supplied Check power supply line. reel pulses? to RS501? Replace IC501. Replace RS501. Supplement: Automatic stop may occur when grease or oil in the mechanism block has dried up. Cassette tape does not load smoothly Is 12 V supplied Check power supply line.
Page 27
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting (3) Servo circuit Faulty image during playback (noise on screen changes) Is the height of Readjust the height IC501-72: CTL pulses? A/C head appropriate? of A/C head. Check CTL pulse line. IC501-67: CFG waveform? Check CFG line.
Page 28
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting Capstan motor does not rotate. See "No CAP Vcc power Is 12 V supplied supply" in (1) SMPS to PMC01-2? circuit. IC501-33: PMC01-1: PMC01-9: 2.8 V? Check capstan motor. CAP PWM pulses? CFG pulses? Check for short-circuit Check for short-circuit Check for short-circuit...
Page 29
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting (4) VIDEO circuit No image in EE mode. Is TU-VIDEO signal supplied Check IC802 and tuner. IC301-15? Is 5V supplied to IC301-4, 22, 47, 50, 52, Check 5V line. 60, 84, 92? Is I C BUS signal Does VIDEO signal Check IC501, and...
Page 30
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting No Y signal during playback No image during recording Is 5V supplied to See "No image in IC301-4, 22, 47, 50, E-E mode" in Check 5V line. Does E-E signal appear? 52, 60, 84, 92? (4) VIDEO circuit.
Page 31
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting (5) AUDIO circuit No audio in EE mode Does signal appear at IC801-6, 7 when AV1 Check AV1 jack (SC901). audio is input? Does signal appear at IC801-8, 9 when AV2 Check AV2 jack (SC901). audio is input? Does signal appear at Check AV3 jack (JK764)
Page 32
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting No audio during playback Is power supplied to Check 5.0V and IC801-34, 40? REG12V lines. Envelope waveform at Is A. head switching Check IC501, and IC801-44: At least signal input to replace if necessary. 300 mVp-p? IC801-41? Check P3D01 connector.
Page 33
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting No Hi-Fi audio can be recorded IIs power supplied to Check 5.0V and IC801-34, 40? REG12V lines. Check Are control signals SYSTEM microprocessor supplied to (IC501), and replace IC801-42, 43? if necessary. Check to see if audio input signal appears Does audio signal for each input source...
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting 3-2-2 Troubleshooting mechanical block (1) Deck mechanism No auto rewind at end of tape Does supply end sensor (ES502) output "Hi"? Is 5 V supplied to Check 5.0V line. "Hi": At least 3.5V end sensor? "Lo": 0.7V or less to 1V Replace supply end...
Page 35
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting Tape transport system faulty during playback Is pressure roller Check position compressed to capstan alignment of cam gear shaft? (see page 4-15). Does take-up reel Is capstan belt normal? Replace capstan belt. rotate? Check D37 clutch assembly.
Page 36
Details of Servicing and Troubleshooting > Troubleshooting (2) Front loading mechanism Cassette tape cannot be inserted Does S/W lever assembly Is spring in S/W lever Replace spring. operate normally? assembly normal? Does CS501 Replace CS501 (CST/REC SW) (CST/REC SW). operate normally? Check SYSTEM circuit (replace IC501).
Disassembly and Reassembly 4-1 Order of Disassembly Refer to the Disassembly Flowchart in Fig. 4-1-1 for the order of removing components. When reassembling components, use the reverse order to removal unless otherwise specified. Reading Disassembly Flowchart: After locating the target component in the flowchart, remove all components of the target in sequence, following the arrows (routes) from the top of flowchart.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Cabinet Disassembly (2) Front Panel 1) Release three tabs (A), two tabs (B) and two tabs (C) in this order. (The tab (A) and the tab (C) should be released at the same time, respectively.) 2) Slowly move the front panel forward to remove it. Caution when reassembling front panel: Reattach the front panel while pushing the cassette door so that the cassette door open/close lever is positioned outside the door.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Cabinet Disassembly (4) SMPS P.C.B 1) Remove the power cable form rear panel. 2) Unplug the five connectors on SMPS P.C.B. 3) Remove screw [C] on rear panel, three screws [D] and screw [E] on the SMPS P.C.B, and then lift the SMPS P.C.B block.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Cabinet Disassembly (5) Deck mechanism 1) Unplug the connector from A/C head. 2) Remove four screws [D] and two screws [E]. 3) While unplugging the three direct connectors that connect the deck mechanism and VCR P.C.B, lift the entire deck mechanism straight up.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Cabinet Disassembly (6) TIMER P.C.B 1) Remove the front holder. 2) Unplug the direct connectors from the VCR P.C.B. 3) Unplug the connector. Information Release the four stoppers of front holder: The TIMER P.C.B can be detached without removing the deck mechanism.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Cabinet Disassembly (8) DVD multi-drive 1) Unplug the connector on SMPS P.C.B. 2) Disconnect the FFC on the VDR P.C.B: Lift both sides of the connector up (a), tilt it in the direction of arrow (b) to release the stoppers, and then disconnect the FFC. 3) Remove four screws [G], and then slowly lift the DVD multi-drive.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Parts Locations 4-3 Deck Mechanism Parts Locations Disassembly Disassembly Item Part name reference start no. diagram Drum assembly Top plate CST holder assembly F/L rack gear assembly 2,3,4 Door opener 2,3,4,5 F/L arm assembly S/W lever assembly L/D motor assembly Wheel gear...
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly 4-4 Deck Mechanism Disassembly (1) Drum assembly (Fig. A-1) 1) Disconnect the flat cable between the drum assembly and capstan motor. 2) Remove three screws (S1), and then remove the drum assembly upward. 3) Release hooks (H1, H2) only if necessary, and then separate the FPC holder and FPC cap.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (2) Top plate (Fig. A-2-1) 1) Use a flat-bladed screwdriver, etc. to release portion (B) at the right of top plate in the direction of the arrow. 2) Use the same procedure to release portion (C') (B’) at the left of top plate in the direction of (B')
Page 46
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly Top Plate (Fig.A-2-1) (B') CST Holder Ass'y (Fig.A-2-2) F/L Arm Ass'y (Fig.A-2-5) S/W Lever Ass'y (Fig.A-2-6) (H4) Door Opener (Fig.A-2-4) (H3) F/L Rack Gear Ass'y (Fig.A-2-3) Fig. A-2 Top Plate, CST Holder Ass'y, F/L Rack Gear Ass'y, Door Opener, F/L Arm Ass'y, S/W Lever Ass'y 4 - 10...
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (8) L/D motor assembly (Fig. A-3-1) (10) F/E head (Fig. A-3-3) 1) Unplug connector (C1). 1) Turn the entire E/F head in the direction of 2) Remove screw (S4), and then remove the L/D arrow (A) to release its engagement with motor assembly.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (12) T brake assembly (Fig. A-4-1) (14) S reel and T reel (Fig. A-4-3) 1) Release the tension spring from hook (H6) of 1) Lift the S reel and T reel. chassis. Take care during reassembly that the S reel 2) Turn the T brake arm counterclockwise to and T reel are not reversed.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly Note: (15) P4 base assembly (Fig. A-5-1) A spring is attached between the pressure arm 1) Release portion (A) of the P4 base assembly assembly and chassis: Take care not to lose it. from the boss of chassis.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (19) Capstan supporter (Fig. A-6-1) (21) F/R lever (Fig. A-6-4) 1) Use a Philips (+) screwdriver to turn the 1) Release lock tab (L1) in the direction of the capstan supporter 90° clockwise and release arrow, and then lift the F/R lever.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (23) Driver gear (Fig. A-7-1) and (26) Slider plate (Fig. A-7-5) 1) Release the engagement with chassis, and cam gear (Fig. A-7-2) then lift the slider plate. 1) Remove washer (W2), and then lift the drive gear.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (30) P2 gear assembly (Fig. A-8-1) and (31) P2 base assembly (Fig. A-8-3) and P3 gear assembly (Fig. A-8-2) P3 base assembly (Fig. A-8-4) 1) Lift the P3 gear assembly. 1) Slide the P2 base assembly in the direction 2) Lift the P2 gear assembly.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Deck Mechanism Disassembly (33) Tension base (Fig. A-9-1) (34) Jog idler arm assembly (Fig. A-9-2) 1) Release portion (A) of tension base from the 1) Hold portions (B) and (C) of jog idler arm boss of chassis. assembly on both sides, and then remove the 2) Turn the tension base in the direction of the arm assembly.
Disassembly and Reassembly > Checking Mode after Reassembling Deck Mechanism 4-5 Checking Mode after Reassembling Deck Mechanism After disassembling the deck mechanism, check the positions of the following gears when reassembling it: If the positions of gears drift, the deck mechanism will not operate normally. Turn the cam gear with the L/D motor assembly removed, and make sure that loading and unloading are performed normally.
Adjustment / Maintenance 5-1 Set-up for Adjustment (1) Test equipment necessary for adjustment 1) Dual-trace oscilloscope 2) Color bar generator 3) Monitor TV 4) Blank tape (VHS) (2) Connections of test equipment Connect the equipment as follows when otherwise not specified. 1) Connect a color bar generator to the video input jack.
Adjustment / Maintenance > VCR Electrical Adjustment 5-2 VCR Electrical Adjustment 5-2-1 Head switching adjustment (1) Supplement If the SYSTEM microprocessor (IC501) or EEPROM (IC503) on VCR P.C.B is replaced, be sure to perform the head switching adjustment. If the drum assembly is replaced, be sure to perform the X-value adjustment and head switching adjustment.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Deck Mechanism Adjustment 5-3 Deck Mechanism Tape Transport System Adjustment The tape transport components were precisely adjusted before the recorder was shipped from the factory. They do not need to be adjusted except for the following cases: 1) Noise appears on the screen during playback.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Deck Mechanism Adjustment 5-3-2 A/C head adjustment (1) Rough adjustment (height adjustment and tilt adjustment) (Play back the alignment tape: Perform this adjustment only if no audio signal is output.) X-Value 1) Make sure that the A/C head base assembly Adjusting Hole satisfies the specifications in Fig.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Deck Mechanism Adjustment 5-3-3 X-value adjustment 1) Connect oscilloscope CH-1 to the H/SW terminal on VCR P.C.B, and CH-2 to the RF Oscilloscope terminal. (CH2) (CH1) 2) Use CH-1 (H/SW) to trigger the oscilloscope. 3) Play back the color-bar portion of alignment CH-1 CH-2 tape, and activate auto tracking.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Deck Mechanism Adjustment 5-3-5 Check after adjustment (1) FM output check when switching from VCR search to playback Press the playback button during VCR search, and make sure that the appropriate amplitudes of FM envelope and audio outputs can be obtained within the specified time. 1) Connect oscilloscope CH-1 to the FM ENV terminal on VCR P.C.B, and CH-2 to the audio output terminal.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Deck Mechanism Adjustment 5-3-7 Reel torques (1) Preparations when using a torque gauge 1) Set the recorder to the loading status, referring to “5-3-6 Method of setting the mechanism to loading status without inserting tape”. 2) Assemble the torque gauge adapter and torque gauge, and place them on reel. Torque Gauge Torque Gauge Adaptor...
Adjustment / Maintenance > Maintenance 5-4 Maintenance 5-4-1 Maintenance and inspection The deck mechanism uses very precise components to ensure the compatibility between VCR models: If any of the mechanical components are dirty or the performance is degraded, the symptoms will be similar to those when the mechanism is faulty. For clear images, it is necessary to periodically clean and lubricate the mechanism and replace any faulty components.
Page 63
Adjustment / Maintenance > Maintenance (4) Problem guide If the time of using the VCR exceeds approx. 1,000 hours, the phenomena shown in Table 5-4-1 may appear on playback images. These phenomena may disappear when the mechanical components are cleaned or lubricated. Check the use time, etc., and if judged that it is time for maintenance and inspection, inspect the portions to be checked according to Table 5-4-1.
Adjustment / Maintenance > Maintenance 5-4-2 Lubricating oil and greasing (1) Greasing procedure Coat components with an appropriate amount of grease applied to a rod or brush. Take care that excessive grease does not adhere to tape transport system or drive system. If there is too much grease on them, use gauze moistened with alcohol to wipe it off.
Page 65
Adjustment / Maintenance > Maintenance Sector Gear Cam Gear P2 Gear Ass'y Cam portion Cam portion [PL-433] [PL-433] Gear portion Wall surfaces of cam [PL-433] [KG-684G] Loading Base Drive Gear Wall surfaces of boss [PL-433] Wall surfaces of gear and shaded portion [PL-433] F/R Lever Tension Base...
Exploded View and Parts List 6-1 Exploded Views Note: Components without any numbers in exploded views were not assigned as service parts as of the date of issue of this manual. 6-1-1 Cabinet Section SMPS P.C.B [Component replacement] A26A DVD Multi Drive [Unit replacement] TIMER P.C.B [Component replacement]...
Schematic,Wiring Diagrams S-1 Wiring Diagram m For schematic diagram - Resistors are in ohms, 1/8W unless otherwise noted. Special note : Most semiconductor devices are electrostatically sensitive and therefore require the special handling techniques described under the "Electrostatic Protection Measures" section of this service manual. Note : CABL04 Do not use the part number shown on this drawing for ordering.
S-2 S.M.P.S Schematic Diagram T/W : JUMPER 2 2 E E 3 3 E E E E Hi-Fi (VCR) PMP01 6D D 6 6 D 6 6 6 6 D D D D D MOTOR ZD104 7.5B 4C C C C R157 PN301 PN301...
S-3 SYSTEM Schematic Diagram (VCR P.C.B) TEST TERMINAL E E E TIMER P6M01 TIMER P6M03 CAPSTAN CAPSTAN 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 D D 2D D D 4D D 4D D D D 4D D D MOTOR REAR JACK...
S-5 A/V Schematic Diagram (VCR P.C.B) REG12V Hi-Fi SYSTEM 4.43MHz REAR JACK REAR JACK JACK 4D D D D D D D D D D D D D 5 5 D D D D 5 5 5 5 5 5 D D 8D D 8 8 8 8 D D D D D Hi-Fi...
S-6 Hi-Fi Schematic Diagram (VCR P.C.B) REG12V 5.0V SYSTEM Hi-Fi AUDIO PROCESS REG12V REG12V 5.0V 5.0V TUNER REAR JACK 5 5 5 D D D 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 D D D D D D D D REAR JACK...
S-7 REAR JACK Schematic Diagram (VCR P.C.B) VIDEO OUT AUDIO OUT JK903 SYSTEM Hi-Fi S-VIDEO 2 2 2 E 2 2 2 2 2 E E E E SYSTEM Hi-Fi 2D D D D D 5 5 D D D SYSTEM TUNER SW901...
Page 78
S-8 TIMER Schematic Diagram,KEY Schematic Diagram 6 6 E DUBBING 5D D 6 6 C 4B B VCR(SYSTEM) PM602 TIMER VCR(SYSTEM) PM601 S - 8...
S-11 CIRCUIT VOLTAGE CHART MODE MODE MODE MODE MODE MODE MODE E-MODE PLAY PLAY PLAY PLAY PLAY PLAY PLAY PIN NO. PIN NO. PIN NO. PIN NO. PIN NO. PIN NO. PIN NO. I C 3 0 1 1.48 4.98 5.30 3.28 3.74...
Page 90
IC802 TU701 MM1443 VIDEO S/W VIDEO IC301 Q905 PN7605 PMD02 JK764 SC901 VIDEO VIDEO IC802 JK761 MIXED Y/C MM1443 41 VIDEO VCR VIDEO S-VIDEO Q8C1 VIDEO DVD CVBS EXT-V VOUT2 VIDEO JK765 VOUT3 11,12 VIDEO 14,15 JK903 Y (SUPER) S-VIDEO C (SUPER) JK901 IC901...
Page 91
Fax: +46 (0) 8 562 711 13 Tel: +39 02 38073415 Servizio Clienti Email: csgswe@hitachi-eu.com Fax: +39 02 48786381/2 Email: customerservice.italy@hitachi-eu.com HITACHI EUROPE S.A.S HITACHI EUROPE LTD (Norway) AB Lyon Office STRANDVEIEN 18 B.P. 45, 69671 BRON CEDEX 1366 Lysaker FRANCE...