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Nslookup
Nslookup is a DNS client that sends DNS requests to a DNS server to find the corresponding IP
address of a target host name, or the host name of a target IP address.
Traceroute
Traceroute is a network tool that sends packets to a destination and produces a list of hosts that
the packets have traversed to the destination. Traceroute works by increasing the "time-to-live"
value of each successive batch of packets sent. The first three packets have a time-to-live (TTL)
value of one (implying that they make a single hop). The next three packets have a TTL value of
2, and so on. When a packet passes through a host, typically the host decrements the TTL value
by one, and forwards the packet to the next host. When a packet with a TTL of one reaches a
host, the host discards the packet and sends an ICMP time exceeded (type 1 1) packet to the
sender. The Traceroute utility uses these returning packets to produce a list of hosts that the
packets have traversed to the destination. Traceroute does not list the real hosts, it indicates that
the first host is at one hop, the second host at two hops. The IP protocol does not guarantee that
all the packets take the same route.
Nslookup
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