Appendix D. Ip Multicast Filtering; Igmp Snooping And Ip Multicast Filtering - Enterasys VH-2402S Management Manual

APPENDIX D. IP MULTICAST FILTERING

IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering

The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) runs between hosts
and their immediately neighboring multicast router/switch. The protocol's
mechanisms allow a host to inform its local router that it wants to receive
transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group.
A router, or multicast-enabled switch, can periodically ask their hosts is
they want to receive multicast traffic. If there is more than one router/
switch on the LAN performing IP multicasting, one of these devices is
elected "querier" and assumes the responsibility of querying the LAN for
group members.
Based on the group membership information learned from IGMP, a router/
switch can determine which (if any) multicast traffic needs to be forwarded
to each of its ports. At Layer-3, multicast routers use this information,
along with a multicast routing protocol, to support IP multicasting across
the Internet.
IGMP provides the final step in an IP multicast packet delivery service
since it is only concerned with forwarding multicast traffic from the local
router/switch to group members on directly attached subnetwork or LAN
segment.
This switch supports IP Multicast Filtering by:
•
Passively snooping on the IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets
transferred between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast host
groups to learn IP Multicast group members, and
•
Actively sending IGMP Query messages to solicit IP Multicast group
members.
The purpose of IP multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network's
performance, so multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports
containing multicast group hosts or multicast routers/switches instead of
flooding to all ports in the subnet (VLAN).
The VH-2402S, with IP multicast filtering capability, not only passively
monitors IGMP Query and Report messages; it can also actively send
IGMP Query messages to learn locations of multicast routers/switches
and member hosts in multicast groups within each VLAN.
However, note that IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast
packets. Since IGMP is not concerned with the delivery of IP multicast
packets across subnetworks, an external IP multicast router is needed if
IP multicast packets have to be routed across different subnetworks.
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