ZyXEL Communications PRESTIGE 1400 User Manual page 150

Prestige 1400 WAN Router with Integrated Ethernet Switch
HDLC
hop count
Host
IANA
ICMP
IGMP
Internet
Internet
Intranet
IP
IP Multicast
IP Policy Routing (IPPR)
IPCP (PPP)
ISO
ISP
ITU-T
LAN
LEC
MAC
MIB
NAT
NAT - Global
NAT - Inside
NAT - Local
L
HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is a bit-oriented (the data is monitored bit by bit), link layer protocol for the
transmission of data over synchronous networks.
A measure of distance between two points on the Internet. It is equivalent to the number of gateways that
separate the source and destination.
Any computer on a network that is a repository for services available to other computers on the network. It is quite
common to have one host machine provide several services, such as WWW and USENET.
Internet Assigned Number Authority acts as the clearinghouse to assign and coordinate the use of numerous
Internet protocol parameters such as Internet addresses, domain names, protocol numbers, and more. The IANA
Web site is at http://www.isi.edu/iana.
Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol between a host server and a
gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams, but the messages are processed by the
TCP/IP software and are not directly apparent to the application user.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) is a session-layer protocol used to establish membership in a
multicast group - it is not used to carry user data.
(Lower case i) Any time you connect two or more networks together, you have an internet.
(Upper case I) The vast collection of inter-connected networks that all use the TCP/IP protocols and that evolved
from the ARPANET of the late 60's and early 70's.
A private network inside a company or organization that uses the same kinds of software that you would find on
the public Internet, but that is only for internal use.
Internet Protocol (currently IP version 4, or IPv4), is the underlying protocol for routing packets on the Internet and
other TCP/IP-based networks.
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender to 1 recipient) or Broadcast
(1 sender to everybody on the network). IP Multicast is a third way to deliver IP packets to a group of hosts on the
network - not everybody.
IPPR provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior and alter the packet forwarding based on the
policy defined by the network administrator. Policy-based routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface
basis prior to the normal routing.
IP Control Protocol allows changes to IP parameters such as the IP address.
International Standards Organization. A voluntary, non-treaty organization founded in 1946, responsible for
creating international standards in many areas, including computers and communications.
Internet Service Provider: an organization offering and providing Internet services to the public and having its own
computer servers to provide the services offered.
International Telecommunications Union, Standardization Sector. ITU-T is the telecommunication standardization
sector of ITU and is responsible for making technical recommendations about telephone and data (including fax)
communications systems for service providers and suppliers.
Local Area Network is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN, as its
name implies, is limited to a local area. This has to do more with the electrical characteristics of the medium than
the fact that many early LANs were designed for departments, although the latter accurately describes a LAN as
well. LANs have different topologies, the most common being the linear bus and the star configuration.
Local Exchange Carrier: one of the new U.S. telephone access and service providers that have grown up with the
recent U.S. deregulation of telecommunications.
On a local area network (LAN) or other network, the MAC (Media Access Control) address is your computer's
unique hardware number. (On an Ethernet LAN, it is the same as your Ethernet address.) The MAC layer frames
data for transmission over the network, then passes the frame to the physical layer interface where it is
transmitted as a stream of bits.
A Management Information Base is a collection of managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to
communicate for the purpose of accessing these objects.
Network Address Translation is the translation of an Internet Protocol address used within one network to a
different IP address known within another network - see also SUA.
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the WAN.
This refers to the host on the LAN.
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the LAN.
Glossary