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IBM OPTIONS ATM OC-3c User Manual

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8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch
ATM OC-3c Module
User's Guide

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Summary of Contents for IBM OPTIONS ATM OC-3c

  • Page 1 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module User’s Guide...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    LAN Emulation Server (LES) 2-3 Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS) 2-3 LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS) 2-3 LAN Emulation Components in Your Network 2-4 LAN Emulation and IBM Devices 2-4 Joining the ELAN 2-5 Locating the LECS 2-5 Mapping Ethernet and ATM Addresses 2-6...
  • Page 4 Pre-installation Procedure 6-3 Check the Power Supply 6-3 Installation 6-4 Connecting a cable to the ATM Port 6-5 Powering Up the Switch 6-5 Power On Self Test (POST) 6-5 Post-Installation Checks 6-5 LED Summary 6-6 Checking the Power Supply 6-7...
  • Page 5 OTICES RADEMARKS ARRANTIES Trademarks F-1 Statement of Limited Warranty F-2 Production Status F-2 The IBM Warranty for Machines F-2 Warranty Service F-3 Extent of Warranty F-3 Limitation of Liability F-4 Electronic Emission Notices F-5 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement Canadian Department of Communications (DOC)

  • Page 7: About This Guide

    Terminology In this User’s Guide the term ATM Module is used when referring to the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module. The device into which the ATM Module is fitted, is known simply as the Switch.

  • Page 8: Finding Information In This Guide

    BOUT UIDE Finding Information in This Guide The following table shows you where to find specific information within this guide. Task Location Learning Chapter 1, ‘Features and Benefits” concepts Chapter 2, ‘Network Layer Concepts” Chapter 3, ‘Virtual LAN Concepts” Planning your Chapter 1, ‘Features and Benefits”...

  • Page 9: Related Documentation

    Bold text denotes key features. bold Related Documentation The ATM OC-3c Module documetation set includes: IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module Quick Reference Guide. Part Number 02L1333 IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module Release Notes.
  • Page 10 BOUT UIDE...

  • Page 11: Features And Benefits

    EATURES AND This chapter describes the main features of the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module and the benefits of ATM within your network. The ATM Module provides a high-speed ATM connection between your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch and the ATM network.

  • Page 12: Atm Module Features

    1: F HAPTER EATURES AND ENEFITS ATM Module Features The following list summarizes the ATM Module features. These features are described in more detail in this guide. Conforms to ATM Forum Standards OC-3c 155Mbps Interface SONET (STS 3c) and SDH (STM-1) compliant Multi-mode Fiber, SC connectors LAN Emulation (LANE) version 1.0 16 Emulated LAN Clients...

  • Page 13: Network Layer Concepts

    ETWORK This guide contains several chapters that describe the basic concepts behind ATM technology, and integrating ATM into your existing network: This chapter describes some of the concepts behind the network layer architecture of a typical ATM network. Chapter 3, “Virtual LAN Concepts” describes how Virtual LANs (VLANs) are extended into the ATM network.

  • Page 14: Upper Layer Protocols

    2: N HAPTER ETWORK AYER ONCEPTS Upper Layer Protocols The Upper Layer is the layer in the network architecture that relates to user applications and service requests. For example, an application could be file transfer software, and the service request could be a request to transfer a file from a user’s PC to a shared file server.

  • Page 15: Lan Emulation Components

    LAN Emulation Components Each Emulated LAN (ELAN) is composed of a set of LAN Emulation components. This section describes each of these components. LAN Emulation Client (LEC) Each ATM device has a number of LAN Emulation clients. Each LAN Emulation Client (LEC) is responsible for taking Ethernet frames and passing them through the ATM network to the LEC serving the destination address.

  • Page 16: Lan Emulation Components In Your Network

    Finance department to be controlled by one LECS and the rest of your network to be controlled by a different LECS. LAN Emulation and IBM Devices LAN Emulation components are implemented in ATM devices. The LAN Emulation standards (referenced in the Bibliography) do not specify how each vendor implements each of these components.

  • Page 17: Joining The Elan

    LEC can locate the LECS, and the LEC tries these methods in the following order: The LEC can ask the adjacent ATM Switch using the Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI). The LEC can use a well known ATM address that is reserved for the LECS.

  • Page 18: Mapping Ethernet And Atm Addresses

    2: N HAPTER ETWORK AYER ONCEPTS Mapping Ethernet and ATM Addresses Each device connected to an Ethernet port has one or more MAC addresses. Each ATM device has a number of LAN Emulation clients, and each LAN Emulation Client (LEC) has an ATM address.

  • Page 19: Lan Emulation Address Resolution Protocol (Le_Arp)

    Ethernet ports. When a LEC receives an LE_ARP request it checks whether the MAC address is on its Switch. It does this by checking the entries in the Switch database. If the MAC address belongs to one of the devices...

  • Page 20: Atm Adaptation Layer (Aal)

    Adaptation Layer, and allow the ATM Layer to support different applications and traffic types. The IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module uses the AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer protocol, which is a data-oriented protocol. The ATM Module will only work with other AAL5 devices.

  • Page 21: Atm Is Service Transparent

    ATM is Service Transparent ATM allows for the high speed transfer of a wide range of user traffic, including voice, video and other data. The cell format means that more than one service (traffic type) can be multiplexed over the same physical line, see Figure 2-4.
  • Page 22 Instead of containing the ATM address of the final destination device, each cell header contains the VPI/VCI values associated with the virtual channel it is going to take to get to the next ATM Switch in the connection. Each ATM switch knows that when it receives a cell with a particular VPI/VCI value on one port that it must transmit the cell on another port with another VPI/VCI.
  • Page 23 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Layer 2-11 Figure 2-7 Switching Cells using VPI and VCI values.

  • Page 24: Switched Virtual Circuits (Svcs)

    ATM Switches. ATM provides a User-to-Network Interface (UNI). The User-to-Network Interface (UNI) is used to connect an ATM edge device to an ATM switch that is managed as part of the same network. ATM also provides a Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) that is typically used to interconnect two ATM switches managed as part of the same network.

  • Page 25: Interim Local Management Interface (Ilmi)

    ATM Module. The ATM Module then tries to register itself with the ATM Switch by attaching the prefix to the front of its MAC address, and an identifier to the end of the address. It then sends this back to the ATM switch.

  • Page 26: The Atm Layer And Cell Structure

    User-to Network Interface (UNI). The value encoded in the GFC is not carried end-to-end and can be overwritten by the ATM Switch. Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) — The VPI/VCI values allow the network to associate a cell with a given connection, so that the cell can be switched to its destination.

  • Page 27: Physical Layer

    Each upper layer uses its own Path through the SONET/SDH layer. Line — A line is the whole path between one ATM device and the adjacent ATM switch or ATM end-station. Section — When ATM is used for telephone...
  • Page 28 2-16 2: N HAPTER ETWORK AYER ONCEPTS...

  • Page 29: Virtual Lan Concepts

    For a full description of VLAN functionality, refer to the user guide that accompanies your Switch. LAN C ONCEPTS Creating Inter-switch VLANs Figure 3-1 Inter-switch VLANs You can create inter-switch VLANs using Virtual LAN Trunks (VLTs) on Fast Ethernet connections, as shown in Figure 3-1.

  • Page 30: Extending Vlans Into The Atm Network

    ELANs you require, and how the VLANs will map to these ELANs. The ATM Module has a LEC for each of the Switch’s 16 VLANS, and each VLAN/LEC can be mapped onto an Emulated LAN (ELAN). In this way, Ethernet traffic is mapped to an ELAN by a VLAN-to-LEC association.
  • Page 31 Extending VLANs into the ATM Network Figure 3-3 Extending VLANs into the ATM Network.
  • Page 32 3: V LAN C HAPTER IRTUAL ONCEPTS...

  • Page 33: Putting Your Atm Network Together

    Can your ATM devices communicate with each other? Ensure that all of your ATM equipment is using the same line framing and signalling protocols. Ensure that all inter-switch routes are configured correctly. How do you intend to manage the ATM network?

  • Page 34: Atm Configuration Rules

    Refer to Appendix C, “ATM Module Technical Specifications” for more details. You cannot connect an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module to another IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC-3c Module; this is due to the signalling requirements used by ATM and LANE.

  • Page 35: Atm Connections Within Your Network

    Virtual circuits required. MAC addresses that can be held in the device LAN Emulation ARP Table. When a LAN Emulation Client (LEC) joins an ELAN, up to five control connections may be required before any data is transferred over a separate data connection (VCC).
  • Page 36 4: P ATM N HAPTER UTTING ETWORK OGETHER Figure 4-1 shows an example of a network configuration where a remote edge-device does not support LAN Emulation based on SVCs (it only supports PVC LAN Emulation). Figure 4-1 SVC Signalling Not Supported in Remote Edge-device...

  • Page 37: Network Configuration Examples

    This section gives an example of an ATM backbone within a single building, as shown in Figure 5-1. In this case, the Ethernet Switch on each floor is provided with a high speed (155Mbps) full duplex link to the backbone. Using ATM as a backbone technology removes bottlenecks by providing scalable bandwidth, low-latency, high-speed data switching.

  • Page 38: Campus Configuration

    ATM network. Only one ATM Module is required to connect the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 and Switch Model 524 devices to the ATM network. This provides connectivity for 48 Ethernet ports to the ATM backbone.
  • Page 39 Campus Configuration Figure 5-2 Campus and Cost Sensitive Network...

  • Page 40: Making A Building Resilient To Network Failure

    5: N HAPTER ETWORK ONFIGURATION XAMPLES Making a Building Resilient to Network Failure You can build resilience into your building backbone as shown in Figure 5-3. The provision of resilient links protects your network against cable and network failure by using a main and a standby link. Should the main link fail, a standby link automatically takes over the function of the main link.

  • Page 41: Nstalling And

    NSTALLING AND Following Safety Information ATTENTION: Only hold the ATM Module by the edges to avoid damage from static. Do not touch the top or bottom of the circuit board. DANGER: Before installing or removing anycomponents of a device, or carrying out anymaintenance work, you must read the safety informationprovided in Appendix A, “Safety Information”...
  • Page 42 6: I HAPTER NSTALLING AND ETTING qualquer trabalho de manutenção, deve ler o conteúdo do Apêndice A, “Informações sobre Segurança”, deste manual. Peligro: Antes de instalar o extraer cualquiercomponente de un dispositivo, o realizar cualquier trabajo de mantenimiento, debe leer la información de seguridad incluída en el Apéndice, “Información de Seguridad”...

  • Page 43: Device Support

    Device Support The ATM Module allows you to connect your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch to an ATM network. Switches that support the ATM Module are listed in the “Release Notes” that accompany your ATM Module. Pre-installation Procedure This section describes the procedures you need to perform before installing the ATM Module.

  • Page 44: Installation

    ETTING Installation This section describes how to install the ATM Module using the example of an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 device. Installation is similar for all devices compatible with this ATM Module. If the Switch is connected to the network, turn off the power to the switch and disconnect the switch from the main power supply and the network.

  • Page 45: Connecting A Cable To The Atm Port

    Powering Up the Switch The Switch does not have an On/Off button, so the only way to power up the Switch is to connect it to the main power supply using a power cable. Connecting a power supply and safety information is described in the user guide that accompanies your Switch.

  • Page 46: Led Summary

    NSTALLING AND ETTING LED Summary This section describes the LEDs that provide status and troubleshooting information. Table 6-1 lists the Switch LEDs, and Table 6-2 lists ATM Module LEDs. Table 6-1 LEDs on the Switch LED Name Color/State Indicates MGMT...

  • Page 47: Checking The Power Supply

    Checking that the ATM Module is Installed Correctly Power up the Switch and check that the Module LED (or Downlink Status LED) on the front of the Switch is lit green. If the MGMT LED is not lit green, you should remove and then re-install the ATM module.
  • Page 48 “Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors” on page D-24. Check that your cable meets the specifications described in “ATM Cable Specification” on page C-1. Replace the cable, and check the Link Status LED again. Contact IBM Technical Support; refer to Appendix E. P THE ODULE...

  • Page 49: Accessing Management Features

    Accessing and navigating the local screens is described in the manual which accompanies your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN switch. Screen Map Figure 7-1 on page 7-2 provides a map of available local management screens.
  • Page 50 7: A HAPTER CCESSING ANAGEMENT EATURES Figure 7-1 Screen Map...

  • Page 51: Logging On

    Logging On Connect your terminal to the Console port using a cross-over cable for a serial line connection. At your terminal, press [Return] two or more times until the Main Banner is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-2. Figure 7-2 Main Banner The Console port will automatically detect the line-speed (baud rate), and use the following default settings:...

  • Page 52: Logging Off

    To find out which ATM screens can be accessed for each of the security levels, refer to Appendix B, “Screen Access Rights”. For access rights to Switch screens, see the user guide that accompanies your Switch. When you have logged on, the Main Menu screen is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-4.

  • Page 53: Atmatatm Atm

    ANAGING THE This chapter describes how to manage the ATM Module. If you wish to view statistics, refer to Chapter 9, “Monitoring the ATM Module”. Figure 8-1 Management Screen Map ATM M ODULE Figure 8-1 shows the screen map. Management features are shown in gray to help you locate the screen you need.

  • Page 54: Configuring An Atm Port

    Figure 8-2. ODULE Figure 8-2 ATM Module Configuration Screen Ensure that the ATM Module and the ATM Switch it is connected to are set up to use the same signalling and SONET/SDH standards. The two devices should also use the same ILMI VCC and compatible values for MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits.
  • Page 55 Virtual Channel. You should only change the ILMI VCC if the ATM switch connected to ATM Module does not use the default ILMI VCC (VPI = 0, VCI = 16). VCC connections with values 0 (zero) to 31 are reserved for standard connections and you should avoid using these values wherever possible.

  • Page 56: Extending Vlans Into The Atm Network

    ATM Module. You should keep a copy of these version numbers, in case you need to contact IBM technical support. ATM LEC SETUP This button takes you to the ATM LEC Setup Screen (as shown in Figure 8-3) which allows you to extend VLANs into the ATM network.

  • Page 57: Displaying All Vlans

    Displaying all VLANs If you wish to display the VLAN membership for all ports on the Switch, complete the following steps. If you wish to configure VLANs for the ATM Module you should use the ATM VLAN Setup screen, as described in “Extending VLANs into the ATM...

  • Page 58: Atm Port Setup

    Select the SETUP button to display ATM port setup information. An example of the ATM Port Setup screen is shown in Figure 8-7 on page 8-7. Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712...
  • Page 59 Figure 8-7 ATM Port Setup Screen The screen shows the following fields: Port Identifies the selected port. Port Speed Shows the speed of the port connection. Port State Allows you to turn the port on and off. If you wish to allow traffic to pass through this port, select the Enable option.

  • Page 60: Mapping Far End Mac Addresses

    LEC Not in Use — you have decided not to connect this VLAN to the ATM network. The VLAN may still be in operation within the Switch. CONFIG This button takes you to the ATM Module Configuration screen, which allows you to monitor and set the standards used by the ATM Module to communicate with other ATM devices.

  • Page 61: Creating A Mac Address To Atm Entry

    Dynamic — The address entries are aged out after a set period of time. Static — The address entries are discarded when the switch is reset. The following fields are used in conjunction with the buttons at the bottom of the screen: Far MAC Address Allows you to type in the MAC address of end-stations in the network.

  • Page 62: Finding An Address Entry

    The options are: Near — the details are for the LEC in the ATM Module. Far — the details are for the LEC at the far end of the connection, for example a LEC in an ATM Switch or attached ATM device.

  • Page 63: Finding An Atm Connection

    LEC in the ATM Module. If Far is shown in the End field, it is the address of the LEC in the ATM Switch or attached ATM device at the far end of the connection. Type shows the connection type. The connection types can be: Incoming —...

  • Page 64: Upgrading Software

    The ATM Module has its own software which is upgraded independently of the Switch software. You may need to upgrade the software on the ATM Module or Switch if IBM produces a new version of the code, or if the existing code has somehow become corrupted.

  • Page 65: Error Messages

    When the OK button is selected, the status of the upgrade is displayed. The following error and status messages are available: Error Messages This section lists error messages that may appear if an error occurs while downloading a new software image, and suggests solutions to the problem.

  • Page 66: Status Messages

    8-14 8: M ATM M HAPTER ANAGING THE ODULE Status Messages This section lists status messages that can appear when you download new software images to a device. Active The file is currently being downloaded to the selected device. Allow time for the download to complete. Download successful The file you chose to download to the selected device was downloaded successfully.

  • Page 67: Monitoring The Atm Module

    ONITORING THE This chapter describes how to monitor the status and performance of your ATM Module. Figure 9-1 Status Monitoring Screen Map ATM M ODULE Figure 9-1 shows the screen map. Monitoring screens are shaded gray to help you locate the screens you need.

  • Page 68: Statistics Overview

    This section provides a brief overview of the additional statistics that are available when you install an ATM Module. Refer to the user guide that accompanies the Switch for information about the statistics that are provided by the Switch software. Table 9-1 groups the available statistics into logical categories, and tells you where each statistic is located.

  • Page 69: Atm Port Statistics

    AAL5 layer health and use. ATM layer health and use. To view the ATM Port statistics: Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from the Main Menu. The Switch Management screen is displayed, as shown in Figure 9-2. Figure 9-2 Switch Management Screen Enter the number of the ATM port in the Port ID field.
  • Page 70 If there is no traffic on the port, but there are Receive Errors, the SONET Scramble techniques on the ATM Module and ATM Switch are probably incompatible. Ensure that the SONET standards used are the same for the ATM Module and the ATM Switch.

  • Page 71: Atm Vlan Lec Status

    The screen also shows the following ATM statistics: Cells Received The number of ATM cells received by the port. Cells Transmitted The number of ATM cells transmitted per second by the port. Errored Cells The number of ATM cells that contain an error, for example, cells that have Header Error Control (HEC) errors.
  • Page 72 9: M ATM M HAPTER ONITORING THE Port ID Identifies the currently selected port. VLAN Allows you to select the VLAN you wish to monitor. The default is VLAN 1. If you wish to review the state of all VLANs on the ATM Module, see “ATM Port Setup”...
  • Page 73 Table 9-3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Invalid Request The LEC may be Parameters requesting a resource that is on an ELAN The LES/LECS has which has a different rejected a request LAN type to the LEC. from the LEC because the request The frame size used parameters were...
  • Page 74 LES may be full, insufficient and the connection resources to grant a cannot be set up. request. The ATM Switch is busy and cannot provide LECS functionality. There is a mismatch between the VPI/VCI range supported by adjacent ATM devices.
  • Page 75 Table 9-3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes LE_CONFIGURE The information provided by the LEC Error may be invalid. This state may be given to refuse a service without giving a specific reason. You may have entered an invalid ELAN name. The MAC address may Insufficient Information...

  • Page 76: Atm Physical Layer Statistics

    If you have followed the troubleshooting instructions in this section and within Appendix D, and you still have a problem, contact IBM Technical Support. Refer to Appendix E for details. The following button is available on this screen: CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS To make it easier to note...
  • Page 77 Figure 9-5 Physical Layer Statistics Current Sample Specifies the number of seconds elapsed within the current sampling period. SONET/SDH counters are accumulated over a period of 15 minutes (900 seconds). At the end of the 15 minute sampling period, the software stores the results of the current sampling period, and resets the values shown on the screen to zero.

  • Page 78: Using Physical Layer Statistics To Troubleshoot

    ATM Module end of the connection. Severe Errored Sec (Far) The number of severely errored seconds at the ATM Switch end of the connection. Coding Violations (Near) The number of coding violations that have occurred at the ATM Module end of the connection.
  • Page 79 Check that the cable has not been accidently plugged into an FDDI connector at one end of the connection. Check that the ATM Module and ATM Switch are using compatible transmit clocking options. Check that the Line Rate settings on the two devices are compatible.
  • Page 80 9-14 9: M ATM M HAPTER ONITORING THE ODULE...

  • Page 81: A Safety Informationf

    Before using an English-lan- guage publication to set up, install, or operate this IBM product, you first should become familiar with the related safety information. DANGER: Before you begin to install this product, read the safety information in Caution: Safety Infor- mation –...
  • Page 82 Vorsicht: Bevor mit der Installation des Produktes begonnen wird, die Sicherheitshinweise in Achtung: Sicherheitsinformationen – Bitte zuerst lesen, IBM Form SD21-0030. Diese Veröffentlichung bes- chreibt die Sicherheitsvorkehrungen für das Verka- beln und Anschließen elktrischer Geräte.

  • Page 83: Safety Notices A

    Safety Notices Vigyázat: Mielôtt megkezdi a berendezés üzembe helyezését, olvassa el a Caution: Safety Information – Read This First, SD21-0030 könyvecskében leírt biztonsági információkat. Ez a könyv leírja, milyen biztonsági intézkedéseket kell megtenni az elektro- mos berendezés huzalozásakor illetve csatlakoz- tatásakor.
  • Page 84 A: S PPENDIX AFETY NFORMATION ATTENTION Class 1 Class 1 LED Product LED Product Luokan 1 Luokan 1 LEDLAITE LEDLAITE DANGER: Installation and removal of the unit must be carried out by qualified personnel only. DANGER: L'installation et l'enlèvement de l'unité doivent être faits seulement par le personnel quali- fié.
  • Page 85 Монтаж и демонтаж оборудования должен выполнять только квалифицированный персонал. Safety Notices DANGER: This unit operates under SELV conditions (Safety Extra Low Voltage) according to IEC 950, the conditions of which are maintained only if the equipment to which it is connected is also opera- tional under SELV.
  • Page 86 A: S PPENDIX AFETY NFORMATION Gervaar: Deze eenheid werkt onder extra lage spanning (SELV, Safety Extra Low Voltage) volgens norm IEC 950. Er wordt uitsluitend aan deze norm voldaan zolang de apparatuur waarmee de eenheid is verbonden, ook werkt onder SELV. Vaara: Tämä...
  • Page 87 Safety Notices Это устройство работает по стандарту IEC 950 в условиях Безопасно низкого напряжения (SELV) только при условии, что все оборудование в цепи отвечает стандартам SELV.
  • Page 88 A: S PPENDIX AFETY NFORMATION...

  • Page 89: B Screen Access Rights

    This appendix only covers screens specifically associated with ATM functionality. Refer to the user guide which accompanies your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch for additional screen access rights. The general actions that can be performed by users for each of the security access levels is as follows: Security/Specialist —...
  • Page 90 B: S PPENDIX CREEN CCESS IGHTS...

  • Page 91: Atm Module

    The ATM cable you connect to the ATM Module must conform to the Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF-PMD) standard defined by ANSI x.3-166-1992. IBM supports 62.5/125mm Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF-PMD). The maximum inter-station distance (including device-to-network connectors) should not exceed 2 kilometers (1.25 miles).

  • Page 92: Does The Cable Provide Sufficient Bandwidth

    6.0dB for the maximum attenuation value. If you are using equipment at the end of the link from a vendor other than IBM, you must perform a separate loss budget analysis. Contact the vendor(s) for values to use in your analysis.
  • Page 93 To check that the bandwidth of your fiber is within an acceptable range: Divide the amount of bandwidth available according to the fiber specification by the total length of fiber (km). If the result is lower than 250MHz, the link may be prone to bit errors.
  • Page 94 C: ATM M PPENDIX ODULE ECHNICAL PECIFICATIONS...

  • Page 95: D Troubleshooting

    This section tells you how to clean the fiber optic connectors on the ATM Module and connecting cables. If you have problems that are not addressed by troubleshooting information in this guide, contact IBM Technical Support, or your service person. For Technical Support information refer to Appendix E.
  • Page 96 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Using LEDs Table D-1 describes the LEDs on the Switch, and Table D-2 describes the LEDs on the ATM Module. Table D-1 LEDs on the Switch LED Name Color/State Indicates MGMT Green Switch and ATM Module are (On the front of operating normally.

  • Page 97: Identifying The Problem

    Module”. The device is “alive” when pinged, and can be accessed through the local management screens. Both the ATM Module and the ATM Switch or attached ATM device are using the same physical standard; either SONET STS-3c or SDH STM-1.
  • Page 98 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Figure D-1 Troubleshooting Flow Diagram...
  • Page 99 Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the Port ID field. For example the ATM port is: Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712...
  • Page 100 Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the Port ID field. For example the ATM port is: Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712...
  • Page 101 Set the Port State field to Enable. Select the OK button. Access the ATM Port Statistics Screen Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from the Main Menu. The Switch Management screen is displayed. Ensure that the Port option is selected in the Management Level field.
  • Page 102 Is the ATM Switch Using AAL5? It is very unlikely that your network has been configured to use incompatible devices, but to rule out the possibility, check that the ATM Switch uses the AAL5 protocol. Does the ATM Switch also use AAL5? Yes —...
  • Page 103 ATM Module is set to ON and cannot be configured through the local management screens. Check the user guides that accompany your ATM Switch, to see if you can configure ILMI, and check to see if it is turned on. Is ILMI turned on at the ATM Switch? Yes —...
  • Page 104 D-9. The default setting for MAX VPI Bits is 3, and 8 for MAX VCI Bits. Refer to the ATM Switch user guide to find out how to locate these settings on your ATM Switch. Are the settings compatible? Yes —...
  • Page 105 Why has the LEC Operation Failed? There are two fields on the ATM VLAN LEC Status screen, described in step 9, that can be used to troubleshoot LEC failure problems. The LEC Operation at Failure field identifies the operation that was taking place when the LEC failed to successfully join the Emulated LAN Services.
  • Page 106 D-12 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Table D-4 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes None The LEC is either inactive or has successfully completed the operation. Timeout The software has been set up to use a LECS, A task could not be but a LECS is either not completed within present on the network...
  • Page 107 LES may be full, network. and the connection cannot be set up. The ATM Switch is busy Use a separate ATM and cannot provide Switch for LECS LECS functionality. functionality. There is a mismatch...
  • Page 108 D-14 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Table D-4 Last LEC Failure Reason (continued) State Possible Causes Invalid There is a problem with Requestor ID the LEC software. The LEC Identifier (LECID) is not zero, or is not recognized as this LEC’s LECID. Invalid LAN You may have Destination...

  • Page 109: Elan Configuration Problems

    Has the Problem been Solved? Yes — No further action is required. No — There may be a configuration problem with your network, see “ELAN Configuration Problems”. ELAN Configuration Problems Figure D-7 shows a flow diagram to help you resolve problems associated with Emulated LAN (ELAN) configuration.
  • Page 110 Is the MAC Address in the Switch Database? If the MAC Address of a device connected to an Ethernet port on the Switch is not entered in the Switch Database, none of the LECs on the Switch can act as a proxy for that device. All LE_ARP requests will...

  • Page 111: Solving Known Problems

    Solving Known Problems Use this section if you have already pin-pointed the problem, and wish to look up possible solutions. Solutions are presented as a series of tables, and each table relates to a logical problem area: Power Supply problems Power On Self Test (POST) failure Cable connection problems ATM problems...

  • Page 112: Power Supply Problems

    IBM Technical Support. Turn the Switch off. Check with your local electricity supplier or company electrician that there is not an external electricity problem. If you suspect the problem is caused by an IBM device, contact IBM Technical Support.

  • Page 113: Power On Self Test (Post) Failure

    Module is not correct or has become corrupted. There is a hardware problem with the ATM Module. Solving Known Problems Upgrade the version of software on the Switch. Contact Technical Support. Upgrade the version of software on the ATM Module. Contact Technical Support.

  • Page 114: Cable Connection Problems

    D-20 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Cable Connection Problems Table D-7 Cable Connection Problems Problem Possible Causes Link Status LED indicates that there is a problem with a link. Far End Status LED indicates that there is a problem with the ATM Module’s transmit connection.

  • Page 115: Atm Problems

    Check that the devices at both ends of the connection are using the same ILMI VPI:VCI. Check version of signalling in use. The ATM Switch must use version 3.0 or 3.1 to be able to communicate with the ATM Module.

  • Page 116: Vlan Or Elan Problems

    Check that the ELAN name has been set up correctly. Check LAN Emulation supported on the ATM Switch. The ATM Switch must use LAN Emulation Version 1.0. Check that the correct VPI/VCI are used and that there they have not been mismatched. Refer to “Intermittent failure of a configured LEC to connect...
  • Page 117 Example: If Switch A supports VPI/VCI values 7:511 and Switch B only supports values up to 7:255, when Signalling tries to set up a connection using the VPI/VCI value 7:256, Switch B rejects the connection.

  • Page 118: Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors

    D-24 D: T PPENDIX ROUBLESHOOTING Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors To prevent dirt and dust from collecting on the fiber optic connectors, avoid touching all surfaces after cleaning the connectors, and keep all unused ports covered. Fiber optic transceivers are sensitive optical devices that need to be handled carefully.

  • Page 119: Technical

    UPPORT AND IBM Bulletin Board System Using a modem you can access the IBM BSS to obtain the latest versions of software. Set your modem and communications software to: 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit...
  • Page 120 E: T PPENDIX ECHNICAL UPPORT AND ERVICE...

  • Page 121: Trademarks

    OTICES References in this publication to IBM products, pro- grams, or services do not imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in which IBM operates. Any reference to an IBM product, pro- gram, or service is not intended to state or imply that only IBM’s product, program, or service may be...

  • Page 122: Statement Of Limited Warranty

    Many of these transactions involve the removal of parts and their return to IBM. that are provided on an exchange basis. You repre- sent that all removed parts are genuine and unal- tered.

  • Page 123: Warranty Service

    IBM or your reseller of changes in a Machine's location. IBM is responsible for loss of, or damage to, a Machine while it is 1) in IBM’s possession or 2) in transit in those cases where IBM is responsible for the transportation charges.

  • Page 124: Limitation Of Liability

    IBM (including fun- damental breach, negligence, misrepresentation, or other contract or tort claim), IBM is liable only for: Damages for bodily injury (including death) and damage to real property and tangible personal prop- erty;...

  • Page 125: Electronic Emission Notices

    Properly shielded and grounded cables and connec- tors must be used in order to meet FCC emission limits. IBM is not responsible for any radio or televi- sion interference caused by using other than recom- mended cables and connectors or by unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment.

  • Page 126: European Union (Eu) Statement

    Dieses Gerät ist berechtigt in Übereinstimmung mit dem Deutschen EMVG das EG-Konformitätszeichen - CE - zu führen. Verantworlich für die Konformitätserklärung nach Paragraph 5 des EMVG ist die IBM Corporation. Deutschland Informationssysteme GmbH, 70548 Stuttgart. Informationen in Hinsicht EMVG Paragraph 3 Abs.

  • Page 127: Japanese Voluntary Control Council For Interference (Vcci) Statement Class B

    Japanese Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement Class B This is a Class B product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used near a radio or television receiver in a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference.
  • Page 128 F: N PPENDIX OTICES RADEMARKS ARRANTIES If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for addi- tional suggestions. The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful: How to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV Interference Problems This booklet is available from the U.S.

  • Page 129: Glossary

    ATM standards, promotes industry cooperation in the implementation of ATM technologies, and encourages the use of ATM products and services. ATM Switch An ATM device responsible for switching the cells. B-ISDN Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network — A...
  • Page 130 LOSSARY Byte An Octet or 8 bits of data. Cell Basic ATM transmission unit. It is a 53-byte packet, consisting of a 5-byte header and a 48-byte payload. User traffic is segmented into cells at the source and reassembled at the destination. Cell Header The 5-byte ATM cell header contains control information regarding the destination path and flow...
  • Page 131 ATM address to the MAC address. LAN Emulation Client — Typically located in an ATM end-system (for example, an ATM Module or ATM Switch), its task is to maintain address resolution tables and to forward data traffic. It is uniquely associated with an ATM address.
  • Page 132 LOSSARY multiplex In this user guide, multiplexing means to take packets from several sources and interleave them into one connection. For example, packets from data, voice, and video sources can be fed down one connection. Network Node Interface — Sometimes known as Network-to-Network Interface.
  • Page 133 User-to-Network Interface Management Entity — Software at the UNIs for providing the ILMI functions. User-to-Network Interface — The interface between the user and the ATM switch. UNI 2.0 ATM Forum UNI specification for the physical and ATM Layers, the ILMI, OAM and PVC support.
  • Page 134 LOSSARY Virtual Channel Identifier — A 16-bit value in the ATM cell header that provides a unique identifier for the virtual channel (VC) that carries that particular cell. Virtual Channel See VC. VLAN Virtual Local Area Network — A group of location and topology independent devices that communicate as if they are on the same physical LAN.

  • Page 135: Bibliography

    IBLIOGRAPHY Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Books “ATM Foundation for Broadband Networks” Author: Uyless Black. Published by: Prentice Hall ISBN: 0-13-297178-X Standards ATM Forum —- Integrated Local Management Interface (ILMI) Specification (Version 3.1 or later). ATM Forum — ATM User-Network Interface Specification (Version 3.1 or later).
  • Page 136 IBLIOGRAPHY...

  • Page 137: Index

    Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) 2-8 ATM address Displaying 8-11 Far end 8-9 Format 2-13 LEC 9-6 LES 8-5 ATM Backbone Switch Network Examples 5-1 ATM Cell Benefits of use 2-8 Cell header 2-14 Cell Loss Priority (CLP) 2-14 Generic Flow Control (GFC) 2-14...

  • Page 138: Environmental Specifications C

    FTP, support site E-1 Generic Flow Control (GFC) 2-14 Glossary 1 Hardware version number 8-3 Header Error Check (HEC) 2-14 IBM Bulletin Board System E-1 Installing the ATM Module 6-4 Post installation checks 6-6 Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI) Address resolution 2-13...

  • Page 139: Voice Support E

    Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) 2-10, 8-10 Field in ATM cell 2-14 VLAN Displaying VLANs 8-5 Inter-switch VLANs 3-1 LEC Status 8-8 Mapping to ELAN 3-2, 4-2, 8-4 Statistics 9-5 Voice support E-1 World Wide Web (WWW) IBM Networking home page E-1...
  • Page 140 NDEX...

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