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Fluke 434 User Manual

Three phase power quality analyzer
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Fluke 434/435
Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer
Users Manual
EN
April 2006, rev. 3, Dec. 2008
© 2006, 2007, 2008 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in The Netherlands
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

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Summary of Contents for Fluke 434

  • Page 1 ® Fluke 434/435 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer Users Manual April 2006, rev. 3, Dec. 2008 © 2006, 2007, 2008 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in The Netherlands All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Contacting a Service Center................. 1-5 Safety Information: Read First................1-5 About This Manual .....................2-1 Introduction......................2-1 Users Manual Contents ..................2-1 Features Of Fluke 434/435.................3-1 Introduction......................3-1 General Measurements ..................3-1 Measuring modes to investigate details ............... 3-2 Basic Operations and Menu Navigation ............4-1 Introduction......................
  • Page 4 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Input Connections....................6-1 Introduction......................6-1 Input Connections ....................6-1 Scope Waveform and Phasor ................7-1 Introduction......................7-1 Scope Waveform....................7-1 Scope Phasor......................7-2 Tips and Hints...................... 7-3 Volts/Amps/Hertz ....................8-1 Introduction......................8-1 Meter screen......................8-1 Trend ........................ 8-2 Tips and Hints...................... 8-3 Dips &...
  • Page 5 Contents (continued) Transients ......................14-1 Introduction......................14-1 Waveform Display ....................14-1 Tips and Hints...................... 14-3 Inrush .........................15-1 Introduction......................15-1 Inrush Trend Display ................... 15-1 Tips and Hints...................... 15-3 Mains Signaling....................16-1 Introduction......................16-1 Trend 16-1 Events Table ......................16-3 Tips and Hints...................... 16-4 Logger .........................17-1 Introduction......................
  • Page 6 Introduction......................22-1 Cleaning the Analyzer and its Accessories ............22-1 Storing the Analyzer .................... 22-1 Keeping the Battery in Good Condition .............. 22-1 Installation of Options in Fluke 434 ..............22-1 Parts and Accessories................... 22-2 Troubleshooting ....................22-3 Specifications.....................23-1 Introduction......................23-1...

  • Page 7: General Aspects

    Chapter 1 General Aspects Introduction This chapter informs you about a number of general and important aspects concerning the Fluke 434/435 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer (hereafter referred to as ‘Analyzer’). This concerns: • Warranty and Liability Conditions. • Declaration of Conformity.

  • Page 8: Limited Warranty & Limitation Of Liability

    Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the warranty period.

  • Page 9: Declaration Of Conformity

    Declaration of Conformity Declaration of Conformity Declaration of Conformity Fluke 434/435 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzers Manufacturer Fluke Industrial B.V. Lelyweg 14 7602 EA Almelo The Netherlands Statement of Conformity Based on test results using appropriate standards, the product is in conformity with...

  • Page 10: Shipment Note

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Shipment Note The following items are included in your Analyzer Kit: Note: When new, the Analyzer’s rechargeable NiMH battery is not charged. Refer to Chapter 4 – Powering the Analyzer. Figure 1-1. Contents of Analyzer Kit...

  • Page 11: Contacting A Service Center

    Hard Case C430. Heavy Duty Trolley Style Case C435 Contacting a Service Center To locate a Fluke authorized service center, visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.fluke.com or call Fluke using any of the phone numbers listed below: +1-888-993-5853 in the U.S.
  • Page 12 Recycling information Disposal information Do not apply around or Do no dispose of this product as unsorted municipal waste. Go remove from hazardous to Fluke’s website for recycling information live conductors. Warning To avoid electrical shock or fire: • Review the entire manual before use of the Analyzer and its accessories.
  • Page 13 General Aspects Safety Information: Read First • For the BC430 use only AC line plug adapters or AC line cords that comply with local safety regulations. Slider switch on BC430 Battery Charger / Power Adapter to select line power voltage: 115V 230V Max.
  • Page 14 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

  • Page 15: About This Manual

    About This Manual Introduction This Users Manual gives full and comprehensive information on how to use the Fluke 434 and 435 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzers effectively and in a safe manner. Read it carefully to learn about safe use of the Analyzer and its accessories and to take full advantage of all measuring modes.
  • Page 16 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual - Logger (17) - Power Quality Monitoring (18). • Chapter 19. Cursor and Zoom: how to investigate measurement details. • Chapter 20. Setting up the Analyzer: a comprehensive explanation of adjustments to customize measurements. • Chapter 21. Using Memory, printer and PC: how to save, recall and delete screenshots and data formats.

  • Page 17: Features Of Fluke 434/435

    A Bar Graph changes from green to red if the related aspect does not meet the limits. Up to 7 different sets of limits can be chosen for Fluke 435: a number of them are user programmable. One of these sets are the limits according to the EN50160 norm. For each quality aspect submenus with detailed information are attainable via the function keys F1 ...

  • Page 18: Measuring Modes To Investigate Details

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Measuring modes to investigate details Phase voltages. Should be close to the nominal value. Voltage waveforms must be a sine wave that is smooth and free from distortion. Use Scope Waveform to check the waveform shape. Use Dips & Swells to record sudden voltage changes. Use Transients mode to capture voltage anomalies.

  • Page 19: Basic Operations And Menu Navigation

    Chapter 4 Basic Operations and Menu Navigation Introduction This chapter deals with a number of general aspects of the Analyzer’s operation: • Tilt Stand and Hang Strap • Powering the Analyzer • Display Brightness • Locking the keyboard • Menu navigation •...

  • Page 20: Powering The Analyzer

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual A hang strap is supplied with the Analyzer. The figure below shows how to attach the strap correctly to the Analyzer. Figure 4-2. Fixing the hang strap Powering the Analyzer The Analyzer has a built-in rechargeable NiMH battery that can power it for more than 6 hours when fully charged.

  • Page 21: Display Brightness

    Basic Operations and Menu Navigation Display Brightness Caution To prevent decrease of battery capacity, charge it at least twice a year. Power On/Off: Press to power up or down with the last setup configuration. The welcome screen shows what Analyzer settings are currently in use.

  • Page 22: Display Contrast

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Highlight baudrate: Adjust the required transmission speed. Highlight the Printer type you want to use: Press to confirm the selection. ENTER Press to return to the next higher menu SETUP USER PREF. This menu is the starting point for many adjustments such as Display Contrast Adjustment and Reset to Factory Defaults.

  • Page 23: Display Information

    Chapter 5 Display Information Introduction The Analyzer uses five different screen types to present measuring results in the most effective way. The features these screens have in common are explained in this chapter. Details that are specific for a certain measuring mode are presented in the chapter explaining that mode.

  • Page 24: Phase Colors

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Phase Colors Measuring results belonging to different phases are presented with individual colors. If - for a certain phase - voltage and current are displayed simultaneously, the voltage color has a dark tone and the current has a light tone. The set of phase colors can be chosen via the SETUP key and function key F4 –...

  • Page 25: Screen Information Common For All Screen Types

    Display Information Screen information common for all screen types Screen information common for all screen types Refer to Figure 5-1, item A ... F Measuring mode: the active measuring mode is shown in the screen header. Measuring values: main numerical measuring values. Background colors differ per phase and for voltage or current.
  • Page 26 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Status line: following information appears on the screen. How to adjust these items is explained in Chapter 20 – General Settings. Following information is given: Date of Analyzer’s real time clock. Date format may be month-day-year or day-month-year.

  • Page 27: Input Connections

    Chapter 6 Input Connections Introduction This chapter explains how to make connection to the power distribution system under test and how to adjust the Analyzer settings. Check that the Analyzer setup meets the characteristics of the system under test and the accessories that are used.
  • Page 28 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 6-1. Mounting the decals for voltage and current inputs De-energize power systems before making connections whenever possible. Always use appropriate equipment for personal protection. Avoid working alone and work according to the warnings listed in Chapter 1, Safety Information.
  • Page 29 Input Connections Input Connections Before making any measurements, set the Analyzer up for the line voltage, frequency, and wiring configuration of the power system you want to measure. This is explained in Chapter 20, General Settings. Scope Waveform and Phasor display are useful to check if voltage leads and current clamps are connected correctly.
  • Page 30 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

  • Page 31: Scope Waveform And Phasor

    Chapter 7 Scope Waveform and Phasor Introduction Scope mode shows voltages and currents in the power system under test by means of waveforms or vector diagram. Also numerical values are shown such as phase voltages, phase currents, frequency, and phase angles between voltages and currents. Scope Waveform To access the Scope Waveform screen: SCOPE...

  • Page 32: Scope Phasor

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Switch between voltage readout per phase (A/L1,B/L2,C/L3,N) or phase-to-phase (AB,BC,CA) for 3- phase Y configuration. Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update. Cursor. When the Cursor is on, the waveform values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header.

  • Page 33: Tips And Hints

    Scope Waveform and Phasor Tips and Hints Tips and Hints Scope Waveform gives a clear view of current and voltage waveform shapes. Voltage waveforms in particular should be smooth and sinusoidal. If you see voltage distortion, it is a good idea to check the harmonics display. The rms voltages and frequency should be close to their nominal values.
  • Page 34 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

  • Page 35: Volts/Amps/Hertz

    Chapter 8 Volts/Amps/Hertz Introduction Volts/Amps/Hertz displays a Meter screen with important numerical measuring values. The related Trend screen shows the changes over time of all values in the Meter screen. Meter screen To access the VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ Meter screen: MENU ENTER The Meter screen gives an overview of voltages and currents in all phases.

  • Page 36: Trend

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Available function keys: Switch between voltage readout per phase (A/L1,B/L2,C/L3,N) or phase-to-phase (AB,BC,CA) for 3- phase Y configuration. Access to the Trend screen. For description see below. Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update. Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate (NOW) or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement.

  • Page 37: Tips And Hints

    Volts/Amps/Hertz Tips and Hints Zoom. Allows you to expand or shrink the display vertically or horizontally to view details or to fit a complete graph within the screen area. Zoom and Cursor are operated by the arrow keys and explained in Chapter 19. Offset and Span of the Trends are auto ranging for a good display in most cases, but they are adjustable when required.
  • Page 38 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

  • Page 39: Dips & Swells

    Chapter 9 Dips & Swells Introduction Dips & Swells records Dips, Interruptions, Rapid Voltage Changes, and Swells. Dips (Sags) and Swells are fast deviations from the normal voltage. Magnitude may be ten up to hundreds of volts. Duration may vary from a half cycle to a few seconds as defined in EN61000-4-30.
  • Page 40 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 9-2. Characteristics of a voltage swell During an Interruption the voltage sinks well below its nominal value. In three phase systems an interruption begins when the voltage on all phases are below threshold and ends when one phase is equal to or above the interruption threshold plus hysteresis. The trigger conditions for interruptions are threshold and hysteresis.

  • Page 41: Trend

    Dips & Swells Trend Steady time Maximum voltage change Voltage tolerance Normal voltage Voltage step Rate of change Voltage tolerance Steady time Transition time Figure 9-4. Characteristics of a rapid voltage change In addition to the voltage, current is also recorded. This allows you to see cause and effect of deviations.

  • Page 42: Events Tables

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual The screen builds up from the right side of the screen and the corresponding values are displayed in the screen header. Available function keys: Assign up/down arrow keys to select the voltage or current channels to be displayed.

  • Page 43: Tips And Hints

    Dips & Swells Tips and Hints The following Abbreviations and Symbols are used in the tables: Abbreviation Description Symbol Description Rapid Voltage Change Rising voltage edge Voltage Dip Falling voltage edge Voltage Interruption Change upwards Voltage Swell Change downwards Available function keys: Switch between NORMAL and DETAILED event table.
  • Page 44 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

  • Page 45: Harmonics

    Chapter 10 Harmonics Introduction Harmonics measures and records harmonics and interharmonics up to the 50 . Related data such as DC components, THD (Total Harmonic Distortion), and K-factor are measured. Harmonics are periodic distortions of voltage, current, or power sinewaves. A waveform can be considered as a combination of various sinewaves with different frequencies and magnitudes.
  • Page 46 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER The Bar Graph display shows the percentage contribution of each of the components related to the full signal. A signal without distortion should show a 1 harmonic (= the fundamental) at 100 % while the others are at zero: in practice this will not occur because there always is a certain amount of distortion resulting in higher harmonics.

  • Page 47: Meter Screen

    Harmonics Meter screen Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update. Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate (NOW) or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement. Meter screen To access the Harmonics Meter screen: The Meter screen display shows 8 measurements per phase.

  • Page 48: Tips And Hints

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Available function keys: Assign up/down arrow keys to select a row from the Meter screen for Trend display. Cursor on/off. Assign arrow keys to Cursor or vertical Zoom operation. Return to Meter screen. Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update.

  • Page 49: Power & Energy

    Trend screen shows the changes over time of all measuring values in the Meter screen. Fluke 434/435 can also display energy usage and offers verification of energy meters with a pulse output. For power calculations you can choose Fundamental or Full.
  • Page 50 Power & Energy is started. The readout can be reset with function key F5. By a using TIMED start of the measurement, the Fluke 434/435 can be used to measure energy usage during a predefined period of time. TIMED start can be adjusted when switching from HOLD to RUN with function key F5.
  • Page 51 Power & Energy Meter screen Figure 11-1. Verification of an energy meter with pulse output Available function keys: Switch between voltage readout per phase (A/L1,B/L2,C/L3,N) or phase-to-phase (AB,BC,CA) for 3- phase Y configuration. Switch Energy popup screen on. Access Trend screen. For description see below. Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update.

  • Page 52: Trend

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Available function keys: Pulse count mode on/off. Switch Energy popup screen off. Manual pulse count. For description see above. Reset for Energy screen. Trend To access the Power & Energy Trend screen: The figures in the Meter screen are instantaneous values that update constantly. Changes in these values over time are recorded whenever the measurement is active.
  • Page 53 Power & Energy Trend Available function keys: Assign up/down arrow keys to select a row from the Meter screen for Trend display. The selected row is displayed in the screen header. Cursor on/off. Assign the arrow keys to Cursor or Zoom operation. Return to Meter screen.

  • Page 54: Tips And Hints

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Tips and Hints Power mode can be used to record apparent power (kVA) of a transformer over several hours. Look at the Trend and find out if there are times that the transformer is overloaded. You can transfer loads to other transformers, stagger the timing of loads, or if necessary replace the transformer with a larger one.

  • Page 55: Flicker

    Chapter 12 Flicker Introduction Flicker quantifies the luminance fluctuation of lamps caused by supply voltage variations. The algorithm behind the measurement meets EN61000-4-15 and is based on a perceptual model of the human eye / brain sensory system. The Analyzer converts duration and magnitude of voltage variations into an ‘annoyance factor’...
  • Page 56 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER Flicker is characterized by: short term severity Pst (measured over 1 min for fast feedback), short term severity Pst (measured over 10 min) and a long term severity Plt (measured over 2 hours). This data and also the related D-parameters Dc, Dmax, and TD (acc.

  • Page 57: Trend

    Flicker Trend Trend To access Flicker Trend screen: The parameters in the Meter screen update over time. They are recorded whenever the measurement is on. Trend displays the changes in these values over time. All values in the Meter screen are recorded, but the Trends from each row in the Meter screen are displayed one at a time.

  • Page 58: Tips And Hints

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Tips and Hints Use the PF5 flicker trend and half-cycle voltage or current trends to find the source of flicker. Press function key F1 to assign the arrow keys to selection of flicker, voltage, and current trends.

  • Page 59: Unbalance

    Chapter 13 Unbalance Introduction Unbalance displays phase relations between voltages and currents. Measuring results are based upon the fundamental frequency component (60 or 50 Hz using method of symmetrical components). In a 3-phase power system, the phase shift between voltages and between currents should be close to 120°.

  • Page 60: Trend

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual The Meter screen shows all relevant numerical values: negative voltage unbalance percentage, zero sequence voltage unbalance percentage (in 4-wire systems), negative current unbalance percentage, zero sequence current unbalance percentage (in 4-wire systems), fundamental phase voltage, frequency, fundamental phase current, angle between phase-neutral voltages relative to the reference phase A/L1 and angles between voltage and current for each phase.

  • Page 61: Phasor

    Unbalance Phasor to define start and duration of the measurement. Cursor. When the Cursor is on, the Trend values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header. Moving the Cursor off the left or right side of the screen brings the next of six screens into the viewing area.

  • Page 62: Tips And Hints

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Available function keys: Selection of signals to be displayed: V displays all voltages, A displays all currents. A (L1), B (L2), C (L3), N (neutral) give simultaneous display of phase voltage and current. Return to Meter screen.

  • Page 63: Transients

    Transients Introduction The Fluke 434/435 Analyzer can capture waveforms at high-resolution during a variety of disturbances. The Analyzer will give a snapshot of the voltage and current waveforms at the precise time of the disturbance. This allows you to see the waveforms during dips, swells, interruptions, current swells and transients.
  • Page 64 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER In the Start menu you can choose a trigger event or a combination of trigger events, transients (Volt) and current (AMP) trigger level, and Immediate or Timed start of the measurement. The Analyzer may be set up to capture waveforms each time it sees: Voltage Transient, Voltage Swell, Voltage Dip, Voltage Interruption, or Current swell.

  • Page 65: Tips And Hints

    Transients Tips and Hints Available function keys: Selection of waveform set to be displayed: V displays all voltages, A displays all currents. A (L1), B (L2), C (L3), N (neutral) give simultaneous display of phase voltage and current. Access submenu for Cursor and Zoom operation. Assign up/down arrow keys to browse through all captured screens.
  • Page 66 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 14-4...

  • Page 67: Inrush

    Inrush Introduction Inrush Currents can be captured by Fluke 434/435. Inrush Currents are surge currents that occur when a large, or low-impedance load comes on line. Normally the current will stabilize after some time when the load has reached normal working condition. For example the start-up current in induction motors can be ten times the normal working current.
  • Page 68 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER Use the arrow keys in the Start menu to adjust the trigger limits: expected inrush time, nominal current, threshold, and hysteresis. The maximum current determines the vertical height of the current display windows. Threshold is the current level that triggers the trend capture.

  • Page 69: Tips And Hints

    Inrush Tips and Hints Use Cursor and Zoom to investigate details of the recorded Trends. Selection of channels to be displayed is done with the up/down arrow keys. Press function key F1 to assign the arrow keys to this. Via the SETUP key and function key F3 - FUNCTION PREF you can set up the default values of the trigger limits (expected inrush time, maximum current, nominal current, threshold, hysteresis) and Offset and Span of the Trend display.
  • Page 70 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 15-4...

  • Page 71: Mains Signaling

    Mains Signaling Introduction Mains Signaling is a function available in the Fluke 435. In the Fluke 434 it is available as an option. Power distribution systems often carry control signals to switch appliances on and off remotely (also known as ripple control). These control signals have a frequency that is higher than the normal 50 or 60 Hz line frequency and range up to about 3 kHz.
  • Page 72 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER The traces build up from the right side. Readings in the header correspond to the most recent values plotted on the right. With the up/down arrow keys you can select readout as a percentage of nominal line voltage or as a 3 second average voltage (V3s).

  • Page 73: Events Table

    Mains Signaling Events Table Available function keys: Assign up/down arrow keys to select a set of trends and the belonging readout. Cursor on/off. Assign the arrow keys to Cursor or Zoom operation. Access to Events tables. Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update. Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select Immediate or Timed Start and Duration of the measurement.

  • Page 74: Tips And Hints

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Two ways to access Trend: 1. Use the up/down arrow keys to highlight an event in the table. To access Trend press the ENTER key. The Cursor is on, in the mid of screen and located on the selected event.

  • Page 75: Logger

    Logger Introduction Logger is a function available in the Fluke 435. In the Fluke 434 it is available as an option. Logger gives you the possibility to store multiple readings with high resolution. The readings are observed during adjustable time intervals. At the end of the interval the min, max, and average values of all readings are stored in a long memory and the next observation interval starts.
  • Page 76 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER The set of readings to be logged is selectable in the menu under function key F1 – SETUP READINGS. With the up/down arrow keys you can select five sets of predefined readings (Default 1 – 5) and two sets of user definable readings (User 1, 2). Table 17-1 gives an overview of the readings available under Default 1 ...
  • Page 77 Logger Start Menu Figure 17-3. Vfund available for logging Removing a selected reading: Use the arrow keys to highlight the reading to be removed from the ‘Selected’ column. Press function key F4 – REMOVE to remove the reading. You can highlight a reading in the ‘Selected’ column and move it upwards with function key F3 –...
  • Page 78 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Table 17-1. Overview of readings available for Default 1 ... 5 Default 1 Default 2 Default 3 Default 4 Default 5 Volt Volt & Amp Volt & Amp & Volt & Amp & Monitor Power Power & Harm.

  • Page 79: Trend

    Logger Trend Available function keys in Start menu: Access to Readings Select menu. Access to the menu to define the name of the file with logging data. Access to the menu to clear the memory reserved for logging data. Start of the logging and access to Logging Trend screen. Trend To access the Logger Trend screen: All readings are recorded during logging, but not all of them are visible at a time.

  • Page 80: Meter Screen

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual trace in the viewing area. Zoom and Cursor are operated by the arrow keys and explained in Chapter 19. Offset and Span of the Trends are auto ranging for a good display in most cases, but they are adjustable when required.
  • Page 81 Logger Events In Normal mode major event characteristics are listed: start time, duration, and voltage magnitude. Detail shows details of threshold crossings per phase. The following Abbreviations and Symbols are used in the tables: Abbreviation Description Symbol Description Rapid Voltage Change Rising voltage edge Voltage Dip Falling voltage edge...
  • Page 82 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 17-8...

  • Page 83: Power Quality Monitoring

    Chapter 18 Power Quality Monitoring Introduction Power Quality Monitoring or System Monitor displays a Bar graph screen. This screen shows whether important Power Quality parameters meet requirements. Parameters include: 1. RMS voltages 2. Harmonics 3. Flicker 4. Dips/Interruptions/Rapid Voltage Changes/Swells (DIRS) 5.
  • Page 84 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 18-1. Power Quality Monitor Main Screen The length of a bar increases if the related parameter is further away from its nominal value. The bar turns from green to red if an allowed tolerance requirement is violated.
  • Page 85 Power Quality Monitoring Introduction The meaning of the bar graphs with a wide base and a narrow top is explained below. By way of example this is done for the RMS voltage. This voltage for instance has a nominal value of 120 V with a tolerance of + and – 15% (tolerance range between 102 … 138 V). The momentary RMS voltage is constantly monitored by the Analyzer.

  • Page 86: Power Quality Main Screen

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual The table below gives a survey of the aspects of Power Quality Monitoring: Parameter Available Bar Graphs Limits Averaging Interval V rms 3, one for each phase Probability 100 %: upper 10 minutes & lower limit Probability x %: upper &...

  • Page 87: Events Table

    Power Quality Monitoring Events Table Power Quality Monitoring is reached via the MONITOR key and a menu for Immediate or Timed start. With the left/right arrow keys you can position the Cursor on a particular Bar Graph. Measuring data belonging to the bar is shown in the screen header. Detailed measurement data is available under the Function keys: RMS voltage: events table, trends.
  • Page 88 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual The following Abbreviations and Symbols are used in the tables: Abbreviation Meaning Symbol Meaning Rapid Voltage Change High value of 100 % limit has been violated Voltage Dip Low value of 100 % limit has been violated...

  • Page 89: Trend Display

    Power Quality Monitoring Trend Display Two ways to access Trend: 1. Use the up/down arrow keys to highlight an event in the table. To access Trend press the ENTER key. The Cursor is on, in the mid of screen and located on the selected event.

  • Page 90: Bar Graph Screen

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Bar Graph Screen Figure 18-4. Bar Graph Screen The main system monitor display shows the worst harmonic for each of the three phases. Function key F2 brings up a screen with Bar Graphs showing the percentage of time each phase spent within limits for 25 harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

  • Page 91: Cursor And Zoom

    Chapter 19 Cursor and Zoom Introduction This chapter explains how to use Cursor and Zoom to display and investigate details of Waveform, Trend, and Bar Graph displays. Cursor and Zoom have a certain amount of interaction and are both operated by the arrow keys. The Cursor is a vertical line that can be positioned on a point on a Waveform, Trend, or Bar Graph.

  • Page 92: Cursor On Trend Displays

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 19-3. Waveform display with cursor and zoom on Press Function key F2 to obtain a subset with keys to control Cursor and Zoom: • Press F3 to switch the Cursor on. Use the left/right arrow keys to move the Cursor horizontally along the waveforms.

  • Page 93: From Events Table To Trend Display With Cursor On

    Cursor and Zoom From Events Table to Trend Display with Cursor On Figure 19-6. Trend display with cursor and zoom on The Function keys F1, F2, and F3 and the arrow keys are used to operate Cursor and Zoom: • Operate F2 to switch the Cursor on.

  • Page 94: Cursor On Bar Graph Displays

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual ENTER Press ENTER to obtain trend display with the cursor on and positioned on the highlighted event in the table. Cursor on Bar graph Displays As an example the Three-phase Voltage Harmonics display as shown in Figure 19.7 is used.

  • Page 95: Setting Up The Analyzer

    Chapter 20 Setting up the Analyzer Introduction The SETUP key accesses menus to view and change Analyzer settings. At delivery the Analyzer is adjusted to settings that match your local situation and the supplied accessories. The table below gives an overview: Setting Preset Value Nominal Voltage...
  • Page 96 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 20-1. Welcome screen at power-on The Settings are grouped in four functional sections and are explained accordingly in four sections of this manual chapter: • General Settings: Date, Time, GPS time synchronization, wiring Configuration, nominal Voltage, nominal Frequency, current and voltage probe type, information language, survey and installation of options.

  • Page 97: General Settings

    Setting up the Analyzer General Settings General Settings To access the General Settings menus: SETUP SETUP ENTER The actual settings are shown in the SETUP entry screen. Use the key operations described above to change an item. Read below how to make adjustments: User name/address: see section USER PREFerences.
  • Page 98 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Freq: adjustment of Nominal Frequency. Use the up/down arrow keys to select 60 or 50 Hz. Press Function key F5 – OK to confirm. Limits: see section Limits Settings. Clamp, A range, V scale: adjustment of the Analyzer to the characteristics of current clamps and voltage leads.
  • Page 99 Setting up the Analyzer General Settings Below you will find a step-by-step example on how to change wiring configuration to 3- phase Wye IT (IT = Interrupted Terra = Interrupted Ground). SETUP The active configuration is indicated behind Config. Config is highlighted indicating that this item can be adjusted when you press the ENTER key.
  • Page 100 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual An information screen shows up that informs you on how to connect the Analyzer to the power system under test. When done press F5. Return to Setup entry screen. The new configuration is indicated behind Config. and the belonging configuration symbol is shown on the right side of the screen.

  • Page 101: Function Preferences

    Setting up the Analyzer FUNCTION PREFerences FUNCTION PREFerences To access the FUNCTION PREFerences menus: SETUP SETUP 11 11 ENTER FUNCTION PREFerences allows you to customize data presentation of measuring functions. This concerns for instance Offset and Span of Trend and Waveform displays. The entry menu is available in the selected information language.
  • Page 102 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Measuring Function/ Measuring Data to be adjusted Settings Type Screen Type 1. Scope Waveform/Phasor Volt, Amp (separate for Phase Range, Persistence On/Off and Neutral) Phasor rotation/Phase sequence, Angle +/- 2. Volts/Amps/Hertz Trend Volt (Peak), Amp (Peak), CF,...
  • Page 103 Setting up the Analyzer FUNCTION PREFerences F2 – AGGREGation INTERVAL: access to the menu to choose between a 3 seconds aggregation interval of 150/180 cycles (50/60 Hz) or a 200 ms interval of 10/12 cycles (50/60 Hz). This feature is used for rms based readings in: Volts/Amps/Hertz, Power &...
  • Page 104 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Press function key F4 to select AUTO OFF. Use the left/right arrow keys to decrease the Voltage offset. Use the up/down arrow keys to select Volt span adjustment. Use the left/right arrow keys to increase the Voltage span.

  • Page 105: User Preferences

    Setting up the Analyzer USER PREFerences USER PREFerences To access the USER PREFerences menus: SETUP SETUP ENTER USER PREFerences allows you to customize Phase Identification and Colors, Printer and RS-232 settings, Auto shut-off, Memory Configuration, definition of User name/address (as shown in entry screen), and display contrast. Many menus have a function key to reset to factory default settings.
  • Page 106 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Phase Colors: use the function keys F1 ... F4 to choose colors as used in the USA, EU, UK, or according to IEC. Or define your own set of colors: use the up/down arrow keys to select a phase and use the left/right arrow keys to select a color.

  • Page 107: Limits Adjustments

    Setting up the Analyzer Limits Adjustments Limits Adjustments To navigate the Limits Setup menus: SETUP SETUP ENTER 0...9 A...Z 20-13...
  • Page 108 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Limits Adjustments is used to save, recall, and define sets of limits for: • Power Quality Monitoring. • Dips/Interruptions/Rapid Voltage Changes/Swells. The entry menu is available in the selected information language. Read below how to do this: Adjust Monitor Limits is the entry menu.
  • Page 109 Setting up the Analyzer Limits Adjustments Press Function key F5 – BACK to return to the SETUP entry menu. Setup of Monitor Limits, a survey of adjustments. Limits Adjustments Voltage 2 Probability percentages (100 % and adjustable): each with adjustable upper and lower limit. Harmonics For each harmonic 2 Probability percentages (100 % and adjustable): each with adjustable upper limit.
  • Page 110 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 20-16...

  • Page 111: Using Memory, Printer, And Pc

    Cursor and Zoom. Symbol for datasets: 3. The Logger function in Fluke 435 (optional in Fluke 434) also requires memory to store data. The amount of memory for Logging and for screenshots/datasets (Memory) is user definable.
  • Page 112 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual screenshot is saved as a file with date and time when saved. This occurs via a menu to define a name for the file to be saved. Name definition is done with the arrow keys: the up/down keys for character selection and the left/right keys for character position.

  • Page 113: Use Of Printer And Pc

    Power Log as supplied with Fluke 435 is dedicated software for data logging. The interface connection is located at the right Analyzer side and attainable if the tilt stand is folded out. For Fluke 434 the Power Log software can be ordered as an option.
  • Page 114 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Figure 21-1. Location of optical interface When started, FlukeView software scans the PC ports to find the connected Analyzer. It is not necessary to adjust baudrate of PC and Analyzer. For other applications communication baudrate can be adjusted as follows: press the SETUP key, then Function key F4 –...
  • Page 115 Using Memory, Printer, and PC Use of Printer and PC Figure 21-3. Analyzer, printer DPU-414, and printer adapter cable PAC91 Note The Analyzer is adjustable to different baudrates for PC and printer. 21-5...
  • Page 116 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 21-6...

  • Page 117: Tips And Maintenance

    The Advanced Functions Mains Signaling and Logging that are available in Fluke 435, can be activated in an existing Fluke 434. Activation can be done by the user done via a pin-code that is unique for the serial number of your Analyzer. The code is supplied by Fluke.

  • Page 118: Parts And Accessories

    Press ENTER to confirm the selection and to activate the option. The menu now will show INSTALLED behind the option just activated. For your Fluke 434 you can also order an Upgrade Kit. The kit includes access to install the Advanced Functions and also Power Log software.

  • Page 119: Troubleshooting

    Tips and Maintenance Troubleshooting Optional Accessories. Item Ordering Code Logger Functions for Fluke 434 (Mains Signaling, Logging). Fluke-434/Log Optical Isolated RS-232 Cable PM9080 GPS Synchronization Unit GPS430 Print Adapter for Parallel Printers PAC91 Optical Isolated Trigger Probe (to test energy meters) ITP120 AC Current Clamp 200 A (10 mV/A) and 20 A (100 mV/A) switcheable.
  • Page 120 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Screen remains black. Make shure that the Analyzer is on: at power-on you should hear a double beep. If the screen remains black, you might have a problem with the screen contrast. Proceed as follows to change Contrast: •...

  • Page 121: Specifications

    Specifications Introduction Performance Characteristics Fluke guarantees the properties expressed in numerical values within the tolerances stated. Numerical values without tolerances are typical and represent the characteristics of an average instrument excluding accessories. The Analyzer meets the specified accuracy 30 minutes and two complete acquisitions after power-on. All operational specifications are valid under the restrictions mentioned in section ‘Environmental’...

  • Page 122: Electrical Measurements

    Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Electrical Measurements The following specifications of the instrument are verified using the “implementation verification” table 3 as specified in 61000-4-30 chap-6-2. INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Voltage inputs Number of inputs 4 (3 phases + neutral) DC coupled Maximum input...
  • Page 123 Specifications Electrical Measurements DISPLAY MODES Waveform display Available in Scope and Transient mode Captures 8 waveforms simultaneously Display update rate 5x per second Up to 10/12 times horizontal zoom Cursors: Single vertical line showing min, max, avg reading at cursor position. Phasor Shows real time phasor diagram Available in Scope and Unbalance mode...
  • Page 124 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual MEASUREMENT MODES Scope Vrms, Arms, Vcursor, Acursor, Vfund, Afund, Hz, V phase angles, A phase angles Volts/Amps/Hertz Vrms, Vpk, V Crest Factor, Arms, Apk, A Crest Factor, Hz Dips and Swells Vrms½, Arms½ Captures up to 1000 events with date, time, duration, magnitude and phase...
  • Page 125 0,001…10 Arms ± 0.5% ± 5 counts Fluke 434 0…20.00 kArms 0,001…10 Arms ± 1% ± 5 counts Fluke 434 with i400s 0…40 / 400 Arms 0.1 and 1 Arms ± 1% ± 5 counts Fluke 435 with I430flex 30…3000 Arms 1 Arms ±...
  • Page 126 (Harmonics only) voltage scaling counts DC Relative: 0.0 … 100.0% 0.1% ± 0.1% V and A (± 2% Watt) Fluke 435 Absolute V: 0.0 … 1000V 0.1V ± 0.2% of nominal voltage Fluke 434 Absolute V: 0.0 … 1000V 0.1V ±...
  • Page 127 Measurement Range Resolution Accuracy Volts Fluke 435 (neg. 0.0 … 5.0% 0.1% ± 0.15% and zero seq.) Volts Fluke 434 neg. and 0.0 … 5.0% 0.1% ± 0.5% zero seq.) Current (neg. and zero 0.0 … 20% 0.1% ± 1% seq.)
  • Page 128 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Transient capture Measurement Range Resolution Accuracy Volts cursor reading ± 6000 Vpk ± 15% of cursor reading rms reading 10 … 1000 Vrms ± 2.5% of Vnominal Minimum detect duration 5 µs Sampling rate 200kS/s Inrush mode...
  • Page 129 Specifications Electrical Measurements Dips & Swells mode Sampling 100/120 readings/sec continuous sampling per channel Recording time From 90 sec with 25msec display resolution up to 450 days with 3 hr display resolution. Zoom Up to 12x horizontal zoom Memory 3600 min, max and avg points for each reading Duration 90 s 180 s...
  • Page 130 Depends on selected readings and averaging time Zoom Two zoom positions, display all or 1x Memory User configurable shared memory, upt to 15 MB on Fluke 435, Up to 7 MB on Fluke 434 Nr of readings on 3 phases + N Averaging time 0.5 s...
  • Page 131 Specifications Electrical Measurements MEASUREMENT METHOD Vrms, Arms 10/12 or 150/180 (selectable) cycle contiguous non overlapping intervals using 500/416 samples per cycle in accordance with IEC 61000-4-30 Vpeak, Apeak Absolute highest sample value within 10/12 cycle interval with 40µs sample resolution V Crest Factor Measures ratio between the Vpeak and Vrms A Crest Factor...
  • Page 132 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Mains Signaling Measurement are based on: either the corresponding 10/12-cycle r.m.s. value interharmonic bin or the rms of the four nearest 10/12-cycle rms value interharmonic bins per IEC 61000-4-30 Limit setup for Monitor mode follows EN50160 “Meistercurve”...
  • Page 133 50 screen memories Data 10 data memories for storing data including recordings Logger User configurable shared memory, up to 15 MB on Fluke 435, Up to 7 MB on Fluke 434 Limit templates 2 preprogrammed, 2 administrator (programmable via FlukeView), 2 user...
  • Page 134 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO (CMRR) CMRR >60 dB SAFETY Compliance IEC/EN61010-1-2001, with CAN/CSA C22.2 No 61010-1-04 (including approval), UL std No 61010-1, Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use, Part 1: General requirements,...
  • Page 135 1:1 50Hz/60Hz nominal frequency according to IEC 61000-4-30 Add clamp accuracy The logger and Mains Signaling function are optional for the Fluke 434 and standard available on the Fluke 435 Measured on reference voltage input A/L1...
  • Page 136 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual 23-16...
  • Page 137 Index Colors, 5-2, 20-12 Configuration, 5-4 —1— Configuration, wiring, 20-3 150/180 cycle, 5-3, 20-8 Conformity, 1-1 Contrast, 4-4 —3— Contrast adjustment, 20-12 3 s, 5-3, 20-8 Cos ϕ, 11-2 Count down, 5-3 —A— Crest Factor, 8-1 Current clamps, 6-2 A range, 20-4 Cursor, 19-1 Accessories, 1-1 Active power, 11-2...
  • Page 138 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual Fluke 435, 3-1 Menu Navigation, 4-3 Freq, 20-4 Momentary flicker, 12-2 Frequency nominal, 5-4 Monitor, 3-1, 18-1 Full, 11-1 Function Preferences, 20-7 —N— Fundamental, 11-1 Negative sequence, 10-4, 13-4 Numerical values, 8-1 —G— Getting Started, 2-1 —O—...
  • Page 139 Index (continued) Signaling, 16-1 —U— Single phase, 6-2 U, Unstable, 5-3 Sliding reference voltage, 9-1 Unbalance, 13-1 Softkeys, 5-4 Usage, 11-1 Span, 20-7 User ID, 20-12 Standard parts, 22-2 Users Manual, 2-1 Status indicators, 5-3 Using Memory, 21-1 Status line, 5-4 Stickers, 6-1 —V—...
  • Page 140 Fluke 434/435 Users Manual...

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