TP-Link TL-SL2428 User Manual
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TP-Link TL-SL2428 User Manual

24-port 10/100mbps + 4-port gigabit smart switch
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TL-SL2428
24-Port 10/100Mbps + 4-Port Gigabit
Smart Switch
Rev: 1.0.0
1910010675

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Summary of Contents for TP-Link TL-SL2428

  • Page 1 TL-SL2428 24-Port 10/100Mbps + 4-Port Gigabit Smart Switch Rev: 1.0.0 1910010675...

  • Page 2: Fcc Statement

    Specifications are subject to change without notice. is a registered trademark of TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Other brands and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. No part of the specifications may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation, transformation, or adaptation without permission from TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

  • Page 3: Safety Information

    Safety Information  When product has power button, the power button is one of the way to shut off the product; When there is no power button, the only way to completely shut off power is to disconnect the product or the power adapter from the power source. Don’t disassemble the product, or make repairs yourself.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    CONTENTS Package Contents ..........................1 Chapter 1 About this Guide ......................2 Intended Readers ......................2 Conventions........................2 Overview of This Guide ....................2 Chapter 2 Introduction ........................5 Overview of the Switch ....................5 Main Features.......................5 Appearance Description ....................5 2.3.1 Front Panel ......................5 2.3.2 Rear Panel ......................7 Chapter 3 Login to the Switch.......................8 Login..........................8 Configuration ........................8...
  • Page 5 5.1.4 Port Isolation ....................29 LAG ..........................30 5.2.1 LAG Table ......................30 5.2.2 Static LAG ......................32 Traffic Monitor ......................33 5.3.1 Traffic Summary....................33 5.3.2 Traffic Statistics ....................34 MAC Address......................36 5.4.1 Address Table ....................36 5.4.2 Static Address ....................38 5.4.3 Dynamic Address .....................39 5.4.4 Filtering Address ....................41 Chapter 6 VLAN .........................43 802.1Q VLAN......................44 6.1.1...
  • Page 6 8.2.1 Multicast IP Table .....................83 8.2.2 Static Multicast IP.....................84 Multicast Filter......................85 8.3.1 IP-Range......................86 8.3.2 Port Filter ......................87 Packet Statistics......................88 Chapter 9 QoS..........................90 DiffServ ........................93 9.1.1 Port Priority ......................93 9.1.2 802.1P Priority ....................94 9.1.3 DSCP Priority....................95 9.1.4 Schedule Mode ....................97 Bandwidth Control ......................97 9.2.1 Rate Limit......................98 9.2.2...
  • Page 7 11.3.1 Cable Test ......................122 11.3.2 Loopback .......................123 11.4 Network Diagnose ....................123 11.4.1 Ping........................124 11.4.2 Tracert......................124 Appendix A: Specifications ......................126 Appendix B: Configuring the PCs ....................127 Appendix C: Glossary........................130...

  • Page 8: Package Contents

    Package Contents The following items should be found in your box:  One TL-SL2428 24-Port 10/100Mbps + 4-Port Gigabit Smart Switch  One power cord  Two mounting brackets and other fittings  Installation Guide  Resource CD for TL-SL2428 switch, including: ...

  • Page 9: Chapter 1 About This Guide

    Chapter 1 About this Guide This User Guide contains information for setup and management of TL-SL2428 switch. Please read this guide carefully before operation. 1.1 Intended Readers This Guide is intended for network managers familiar with IT concepts and network terminologies.
  • Page 10 Chapter Introduction Chapter 4 System This module is used to configure system properties of the switch. Here mainly introduces: System Info: Configure the description, system time, Daylight  Saving Time and network parameters of the switch. User Manage: Configure the user name and password for users ...
  • Page 11 Chapter Introduction Chapter 10 SNMP This module is used to configure SNMP function to provide a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. Here mainly introduces: SNMP Config: Configure global settings of SNMP function.  Notification: Configure notification function for the management ...

  • Page 12: Chapter 2 Introduction

    Chapter 2 Introduction Thanks for choosing the TL-SL2428 24-Port 10/100Mbps + 4-Port Gigabit Smart Switch! 2.1 Overview of the Switch Designed for workgroups and departments, TL-SL2428 from TP-LINK provides wire-speed performance and full set of layer 2 management features. It provides a variety of service features and multiple powerful functions with high security.
  • Page 13  Reset: With the Switch powered on, press Reset button for five seconds to reset the software setting to its factory default settings.  10/100Mbps Ports: Designed to connect to the device with a bandwidth of 10Mbps or 100Mbps. Each has a corresponding 10/100M LED. ...

  • Page 14: Rear Panel

    2.3.2 Rear Panel The rear panel of TL-SL2428 features a power socket and a Grounding Terminal (marked with ). Figure 2-2 Rear Panel  Grounding Terminal: TL-SL2428 already comes with Lightning Protection Mechanism. You can also ground the Switch through the PE (Protecting Earth) cable of AC cord or with Ground Cable.

  • Page 15: Chapter 3 Login To The Switch

    Chapter 3 Login to the Switch 3.1 Login 1) To access the configuration utility, open a web-browser and type in the default address http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of the browser, then press the Enter key. Figure 3-1 Web-browser Tips: To log in to the Switch, the IP address of your PC should be set in the same subnet addresses of the Switch.
  • Page 16 Figure 3-3 Main Setup-Menu Note: Clicking Apply can only make the new configurations effective before the switch is rebooted. If you want to keep the configurations effective even the switch is rebooted, please click Saving Config. You are suggested to click Saving Config before cutting off the power or rebooting the switch to avoid losing the new configurations.

  • Page 17: Chapter 4 System

    Chapter 4 System The System module is mainly for system configuration of the switch, including four submenus: System Info, User Manage, System Tools and Access Security. 4.1 System Info The System Info, mainly for basic properties configuration, can be implemented on System Summary, Device Description, System Time, Daylight Saving Time and System IP pages.
  • Page 18 Indicates the 1000Mbps port is not connected to a device. Indicates the 1000Mbps port is at the speed of 1000Mbps. Indicates the 1000Mbps port is at the speed of 10Mbps or 100Mbps. Indicates the SFP port is not connected to a device. Indicates the SFP port is at the speed of 1000Mbps.

  • Page 19: Device Description

    Figure 4-3 Bandwidth Utilization Bandwidth Utilization  Select Rx to display the bandwidth utilization of receiving packets on this port. Select Tx to display the bandwidth utilization of sending packets on this port. 4.1.2 Device Description On this page you can configure the description of the switch, including device name, device location and system contact.

  • Page 20: System Time

    Device Location: Enter the location of the switch. System Contact: Enter your contact information. 4.1.3 System Time System Time is the time displayed while the switch is running. On this page you can configure the system time and the settings here will be used for other time-based functions like ACL. You can manually set the system time, or synchronize with PC’s clock as the system time.
  • Page 21 Figure 4-6 System Time The following entries are displayed on this screen: DST Status: Enable or Disable the DST. Predefined Mode: Select a predefined DST configuration. USA: First Sunday in April, 02:00 ~ Last Sunday in October,  02:00. Australia: First Sunday in October, 02:00 ~ First Sunday in ...

  • Page 22: System Ip

    4.1.5 System IP Each device in the network possesses a unique IP Address. You can log on to the Web management page to operate the switch using this IP Address. The switch supports three modes to obtain an IP address: Static IP, DHCP and BOOTP. The IP address obtained using a new mode will replace the original IP address.

  • Page 23: User Manage

    Note: Changing the IP address to a different IP segment will interrupt the network communication, so please keep the new IP address in the same IP segment with the local network. The switch only possesses an IP address. The IP address configured will replace the original IP address.
  • Page 24 Figure 4-9 User Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: User Info  User Name: Create a name for users’ login. Access Level: Select the access level to login. Admin: Admin can edit, modify and view all the settings of ...

  • Page 25: System Tools

    4.3 System Tools The System Tools function, allowing you to manage the configuration file of the switch, can be implemented on Config Restore, Config Backup, Firmware Upgrade, System Reboot and System Reset pages. 4.3.1 Config Restore On this page you can upload a backup configuration file to restore your switch to this previous configuration.

  • Page 26: Firmware Upgrade

    4.3.3 Firmware Upgrade The switch system can be upgraded via the Web management page. To upgrade the system is to get more functions and better performance. Go to http://www.tp-link.com to download the updated firmware. Choose the menu System→System Tools→Firmware Upgrade to load the following page.

  • Page 27: System Reboot

    After upgrading, the device will reboot automatically. You are suggested to backup the configuration before upgrading. 4.3.4 System Reboot On this page you can reboot the switch and return to the login page. Please save the current configuration before rebooting to avoid losing the configuration unsaved. Choose the menu System→System Tools→System Reboot to load the following page.
  • Page 28 Figure 4-15 Access Control The following entries are displayed on this screen: Access Control Config  Control Mode: Select the control mode for users to log on to the Web management page. IP-based: Select this option to limit the IP-range of the users for ...
  • Page 29 Session Config  Session Timeout: If you do nothing with the Web management page within the timeout time, the system will log out automatically. If you want to reconfigure, please login again. Access User Number  Select Enable/Disable the Number Control function. Number Control；...

  • Page 30: Chapter 5 Switching

    Chapter 5 Switching Switching module is used to configure the basic functions of the switch, including four submenus: Port, LAG, Traffic Monitor and MAC Address. 5.1 Port The Port function, allowing you to configure the basic features for the port, is implemented on the Port Config, Port Mirror, Port Security and Port Isolation pages.

  • Page 31: Port Mirror

    Port: Displays the port number. Description: Give a description to the port for identification. Status: Allows you to Enable/Disable the port. When Enable is selected, the port can forward the packets normally. Speed and Duplex: Select the Speed and Duplex mode for the port. The device connected to the switch should be in the same Speed and Duplex mode with the switch.
  • Page 32 Figure 5-2 Mirroring Port The following entries are displayed on this screen. Mirror Group List  Group: Displays the mirror group number. Mirroring: Displays the mirroring port number. Mode: Displays the mirror mode, the value will be "Ingress" or "Egress", Mirrored Port: Displays the mirrored ports.
  • Page 33 Figure 5-3 Mirroring Port The following entries are displayed on this screen. Mirror Group  Number: Select the mirror group number you want to configure. Mirroring Port  Mirroring Port: Select the mirroring port number. Mirrored Port  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered.

  • Page 34: Port Security

    enabled, the outgoing packets sent by the mirrored port will be copied to the mirroring port. LAG: Displays the LAG number which the port belongs to. The LAG member can not be selected as the mirrored port or mirroring port. Note: The LAG member can not be selected as the mirrored port or mirroring port.
  • Page 35 Figure 5-4 Port Security The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Security  Select: Select the desired port for Port Security configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Max Learned MAC: Specify the maximum number of MAC addresses that can be learned on the port.

  • Page 36: Port Isolation

    Note: The Port Security function is disabled for the LAG port member. Only the port is removed from the LAG, will the Port Security function be available for the port. 5.1.4 Port Isolation Port Isolation provides a method of restricting traffic flow to improve the network security by forbidding the port to forward packets to the ports that are not on its forward portlist.

  • Page 37: Lag

    Port: Display the port number. Forward Portlist: Display the forwardlist. 5.2 LAG LAG (Link Aggregation Group) is to combine a number of ports together to make a single high-bandwidth data path, so as to implement the traffic load sharing among the member ports in the group and to enhance the connection reliability.
  • Page 38 Figure 5-6 LAG Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config  Hash Algorithm: Select the applied scope of Aggregate Arithmetic, which results in choosing a port to transfer the packets.  SRC MAC + DST MAC: When this option is selected, the Aggregate Arithmetic will apply to the source and destination MAC addresses of the packets.

  • Page 39: Static Lag

    Figure 5-7 Detail Information 5.2.2 Static LAG On this page, you can manually configure the LAG. Choose the menu Switching→LAG→Static LAG to load the following page. Figure 5-8 Static LAG The following entries are displayed on this screen: LAG Config ...

  • Page 40: Traffic Monitor

    Member Port  Member Port: Select the port as the LAG member. Clearing all the ports of the LAG will delete this LAG. Tips: The LAG can be deleted by clearing its all member ports. 5.3 Traffic Monitor The Traffic Monitor function, monitoring the traffic of each port, is implemented on the Traffic Summary and Traffic Statistics pages.

  • Page 41: Traffic Statistics

    Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. Traffic Summary  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Port: Displays the port number. Packets Rx: Displays the number of packets received on the port.
  • Page 42 The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh  Auto Refresh: Allows you to Enable/Disable refreshing the Traffic Summary automatically. Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. Statistics  Port: Enter a port number and click the Select button to view the traffic statistics of the corresponding port.

  • Page 43: Mac Address

    5.4 MAC Address The main function of the switch is forwarding the packets to the correct ports based on the destination MAC address of the packets. Address Table contains the port-based MAC address information, which is the base for the switch to forward packets quickly. The entries in the Address Table can be updated by auto-learning or configured manually.
  • Page 44 Figure 5-11 Address Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Search Option  MAC Address: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of your desired entry. Port: Select the corresponding port number of your desired entry. Type: Select the type of your desired entry.

  • Page 45: Static Address

    5.4.2 Static Address The static address table maintains the static address entries which can be added or removed manually, independent of the aging time. In the stable networks, the static MAC address entries can facilitate the switch to reduce broadcast packets and remarkably enhance the efficiency of packets forwarding without learning the address.

  • Page 46: Dynamic Address

    is multi-optional. MAC Address: Displays the static MAC Address. VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Port: Displays the corresponding Port number of the MAC address. Here you can modify the port number to which the MAC address is bound. The new port should be in the same VLAN.
  • Page 47 Figure 5-13 Dynamic Address The following entries are displayed on this screen: Aging Config  Auto Aging: Allows you to Enable/Disable the Auto Aging feature. Aging Time: Enter the Aging Time for the dynamic address. Search Option  Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Dynamic Address Table.

  • Page 48: Filtering Address

    Aging Status: Displays the Aging Status of the MAC address. Bind: Click the Bind button to bind the MAC address of your selected entry to the corresponding port statically. Tips: Setting aging time properly helps implement effective MAC address aging. The aging time that is too long or too short results decreases the performance of the switch.
  • Page 49 Search Option  Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Filtering Address Table.  MAC: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry.  VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID number of your desired entry. Filtering Address Table ...

  • Page 50: Chapter 6 Vlan

    Chapter 6 VLAN The traditional Ethernet is a data network communication technology basing on CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) via shared communication medium. Through the traditional Ethernet, the overfull hosts in LAN will result in serious collision, flooding broadcasts, poor performance or even breakdown of the Internet.

  • Page 51: Q Vlan

    received untagged packets on the port and match the packets with the 802.1Q VLAN. If a packet is matched, the switch will add a corresponding VLAN tag to it and forward it in the corresponding VLAN. 6.1 802.1Q VLAN VLAN tags in the packets are necessary for the switch to identify packets of different VLANs. The switch works at the data link layer in OSI model and it can identify the data link layer encapsulation of the packet only, so you can add the VLAN tag field into the data link layer encapsulation for identification.
  • Page 52 （2） TRUNK: The TRUNK port can be added in multiple VLANs, and the egress rule of the port is TAG. The TRUNK port is generally used to connect the cascaded network devices for it can receive and forward the packets of multiple VLANs. When the packets are forwarded by the TRUNK port, its VLAN tag will not be changed.

  • Page 53: Vlan Config

    IEEE 802.1Q VLAN function is implemented on the VLAN Config and Port Config pages. 6.1.1 VLAN Config On this page, you can view the current created 802.1Q VLAN. Choose the menu VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config to load the following page. Figure 6-3 VLAN Table To ensure the normal communication of the factory switch, the default VLAN of all ports is set to VLAN1.
  • Page 54 Figure 6-4 Create or Modify 802.1Q VLAN The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Config  VLAN ID: Enter the ID number of VLAN. Description: Give a description to the VLAN for identification. VLAN Members  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding entry based on the port number you entered.

  • Page 55: Port Config

    Egress Rule: Select the Egress Rule for the VLAN port member. The default egress rule is UNTAG.  TAG: All packets forwarded by the port are tagged. The packets contain VLAN information.  UNTAG: Packets forwarded by the port LAG: Displays the LAG to which the port belongs.
  • Page 56 Select the Link Type from the pull-down list for the port. Link Type:  ACCESS: The ACCESS port can be added in a single VLAN, and the egress rule of the port is UNTAG. The PVID is same as the current VLAN ID. If the current VLAN is deleted, the PVID will be set to 1 by default.

  • Page 57: Application Example For 802.1Q Vlan

    Modify/View VLAN. Optional. On the VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, click the Edit/Detail button to modify/view the information of the corresponding VLAN. Delete VLAN Optional. On the VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, select the desired entry to delete the corresponding VLAN by clicking the Delete button.
  • Page 58 Configuration Procedure  Configure Switch A  Step Operation Description Configure Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→Port Config page, configure Link Type of the the link type of Port 2, Port 3 and Port 4 as ACCESS, TRUNK and ports ACCESS respectively Create VLAN10 Required.

  • Page 59: Chapter 7 Spanning Tree

    Chapter 7 Spanning Tree STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), subject to IEEE 802.1D standard, is to disbranch a ring network in the Data Link layer in a local network. Devices running STP discover loops in the network and block ports by exchanging information, in that way, a ring network can be disbranched to form a tree-topological ring-free network to prevent packets from being duplicated and forwarded endlessly in the network.
  • Page 60 Port: Port 3 is the root port of switch B and port 5 is the root port of switch C; port 1 is the  designated port of switch A and port 4 is the designated port of switch B; port 6 is the blocked port of switch C.
  • Page 61 STP Generation  In the beginning  In the beginning, each switch regards itself as the root, and generates a configuration BPDU for each port on it as a root, with the root path cost being 0, the ID of the designated bridge being that of the switch, and the designated port being itself.
  • Page 62 Tips： In a STP with stable topology, only the root port and designated port can forward data, and the other ports are blocked. The blocked ports only can receive BPDUs. RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol), evolved from the 802.1D STP standard, enable Ethernet ports to transit their states rapidly.
  • Page 63 Figure 7-2 Basic MSTP diagram MSTP  MSTP divides a network into several MST regions. The CST is generated between these MST regions, and multiple spanning trees can be generated in each MST region. Each spanning tress is called an instance. As well as STP, MSTP uses BPDUs to generate spanning tree. The only difference is that the BPDU for MSTP carry the MSTP configuration information on the switches.

  • Page 64: Stp Config

    Figure 7-3 Port roles The Spanning Tree module is mainly for spanning tree configuration of the switch, including four submenus: STP Config, Port Config, MSTP Instance and STP Security. 7.1 STP Config The STP Config function, for global configuration of spanning trees on the switch, can be implemented on STP Config and STP Summary pages.
  • Page 65 Figure 7-4 STP Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config  STP: Select Enable/Disable STP function globally on the switch. Version: Select the desired STP version on the switch.  STP: Spanning Tree Protocol.  RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol. ...

  • Page 66: Stp Summary

    Max Hops: Enter a value from 1 to 40 to set the maximum number of hops that occur in a specific region before the BPDU is discarded. The default value is 20 hops. Note: The forward delay parameter and the network diameter are correlated. A too small forward delay parameter may result in temporary loops.

  • Page 67: Port Config

    Figure 7-5 STP Summary 7.2 Port Config On this page you can configure the parameters of the ports for CIST Choose the menu Spanning Tree→Port Config to load the following page.
  • Page 68 Figure 7-6 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for STP configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch.

  • Page 69: Mstp Instance

     Designated Port: Indicates the port that forwards packets to a downstream network segment or switch.  Master Port: Indicates the port that connects a MST region to the common root. The path from the master port to the common root is the shortest path between this MST region and the common root.

  • Page 70: Instance Config

    Figure 7-7 Region Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Region Config  Region Name: Create a name for MST region identification using up to 32 characters. Revision: Enter the revision from 0 to 65535 for MST region identification. 7.3.2 Instance Config Instance Configuration, a property of MST region, is used to describe the VLAN to Instance mapping configuration.

  • Page 71: Instance Port Config

    The following entries are displayed on this screen: Instance Table  Instance ID Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding Instance ID based on the ID number you entered. Select: Select the desired Instance ID for configuration. It is multi-optional. Instance: Displays Instance ID of the switch.
  • Page 72 Figure 7-9 Instance Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config  Instance ID: Select the desired instance ID for its port configuration. Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port to specify its priority and path cost.

  • Page 73: Stp Security

    Note: The port status of one port in different spanning tree instances can be different. Global configuration Procedure for Spanning Tree function: Step Operation Description Make clear roles the switches Preparation. play spanning tree instances: root bridge designated bridge Globally configure MSTP Required.
  • Page 74 Root Protect  A CIST and its secondary root bridges are usually located in the high-bandwidth core region. Wrong configuration or malicious attacks may result in configuration BPDU packets with higher priorities being received by the legal root bridge, which causes the current legal root bridge to lose its position and network topology jitter to occur.
  • Page 75 Figure 7-10 Port Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Protect  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for port protect configuration. It is multi-optional.

  • Page 76: Tc Protect

    7.4.2 TC Protect When TC Protect is enabled for the port on Port Protect page, the TC threshold and TC protect cycle need to be configured on this page. Choose the menu Spanning Tree→STP Security→TC Protect to load the following page. Figure 7-11 TC Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: TC Protect...
  • Page 77 On Spanning Tree→STP Config→Port Config page, enable MSTP function for the port. Configure the region name and On Spanning Tree→MSTP Instance→Region Config the revision of MST region page, configure the region as TP-LINK and keep the default revision setting. Configure VLAN-to-Instance Spanning Tree→MSTP...
  • Page 78 On Spanning Tree→STP Config→Port Config page, enable MSTP function for the port. Configure the region name and On Spanning Tree→MSTP Instance→Region Config the revision of MST region page, configure the region as TP-LINK and keep the default revision setting. Configure VLAN-to-Instance Spanning Tree→MSTP...
  • Page 79 The topology diagram of the two instances after the topology is stable  For Instance 1 (VLAN 101, 103 and 105), the red paths in the following figure are connected  links; the gray paths are the blocked links. For Instance 2 (VLAN 102, 104 and 106), the blue paths in the following figure are connected ...

  • Page 80: Chapter 8 Multicast

    Chapter 8 Multicast Multicast Overview  In the network, packets are sent in three modes: unicast, broadcast and multicast. In unicast, the source server sends separate copy information to each receiver. When a large number of users require this information, the server must send many pieces of information with the same content to the users.
  • Page 81 Multicast Address  1. Multicast IP Address: As specified by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), Class D IP addresses are used as destination addresses of multicast packets. The multicast IP addresses range from 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255. The following table displays the range and description of several special multicast IP addresses.

  • Page 82: Igmp Snooping

    VLAN ID Multicast IP Port Figure 8-3 Multicast Address Table IGMP Snooping  In the network, the hosts apply to the near Router for joining (leaving) a multicast group by sending IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) messages. When the up-stream device forwards down the multicast data, the switch is responsible for sending them to the hosts.

  • Page 83: Snooping Config

    it will be added to the multicast address table with its member port time specified; if the receiving port is already a member port, its member port time will be directly reset. 3. IGMP Leave Message The host, running IGMPv1, does not send IGMP leave message when leaving a multicast group, as a result, the switch can not get the leave information of the host momentarily.

  • Page 84: Port Config

    Figure 8-4 Basic Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config  IGMP Snooping: Select Enable/Disable IGMP Snooping function globally on the Switch. Unknown Multicast: Select the operation for the switch to process unknown multicast, Forward or Discard. IGMP Snooping Status ...

  • Page 85: Vlan Config

    Figure 8-5 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for IGMP Snooping feature configuration. It is multi-optional.
  • Page 86 Figure 8-6 VLAN Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Config  VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID to enable IGMP Snooping for the desired VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more.

  • Page 87: Multicast Vlan

    Router Port: Displays the router port of the VLAN. Note: The settings here will be invalid when multicast VLAN is enabled Configuration procedure: Step Operation Description Enable IGMP Snooping Required. Enable IGMP Snooping globally on the switch function port Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Snooping Config and Port Config page.
  • Page 88 The following entries are displayed on this screen: Multicast VLAN  Multicast VLAN: Select Enable/Disable Multicast VLAN feature. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicast VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more.
  • Page 89 Configure parameters for Optional. Enable and configure a multicast VLAN on the multicast VLAN Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Multicast VLAN page. It is recommended to keep the default time parameters. Look over the configuration If it is successfully configured, the VLAN ID of the multicast VLAN will be displayed in the IGMP Snooping Status table on the Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Snooping Config page.

  • Page 90: Multicast Ip

    Configuration Procedure  Step Operation Description Create VLANs Create three VLANs with the VLAN ID 3, 4 and 5 respectively, and specify the description of VLAN3 as Multicast VLAN on VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page. Configure ports On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN function pages. For port 3, configure its link type as GENERAL and its egress rule as TAG, and add it to VLAN3, VLAN4 and VLAN5.

  • Page 91: Static Multicast Ip

    Figure 8-8 Multicast IP Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Search Option  Multicast IP: Enter the multicast IP address the desired entry must carry. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID the desired entry must carry. Port: Select the port number the desired entry must carry.

  • Page 92: Multicast Filter

    Figure 8-9 Static Multicast IP Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Static Multicast  Multicast IP: Enter static multicast IP address. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicast IP. Forward Port: Enter the forward port of the multicast group. Search Option ...

  • Page 93: Ip-Range

    When applying for a multicast group, the host will send IGMP report message. After receiving the report message, the switch will firstly check the multicast filter rules configured for the receiving port. If the port can be added to the multicast group, it will be added to the multicast address table; if the port can not be added to the multicast group, the switch will drop the IGMP report message.

  • Page 94: Port Filter

    8.3.2 Port Filter On this page you can configure the multicast filter rules for port. Take the configuration on this page and the configuration on IP-Range page together to function to implement multicast filter function on the switch. Choose the menu Multicast→Multicast Filter→Port Filter to load the following page. Figure 8-11 Port Filter The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Filter Config...

  • Page 95: Packet Statistics

    LAG: Displays the LAG number which the port belongs to. Note: Multicast Filter feature can only have effect on the VLAN with IGMP Snooping enabled. Multicast Filter feature has no effect on static multicast IP. Up to 15 IP-Ranges can be bound to one port. Configuration Procedure: Step Operation Description...
  • Page 96 The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh  Auto Refresh: Select Enable/Disable auto refresh feature. Refresh Period: Enter the time from 3 to 300 in seconds to specify the auto refresh period. IGMP Statistics  Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered.

  • Page 97: Chapter 9 Qos

    Chapter 9 QoS QoS (Quality of Service) functions to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements and optimize the bandwidth resource distribution so as to provide a network service experience of a better quality.  This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function.
  • Page 98 2. 802.1P Priority Figure 9-2 802.1Q frame As shown in the figure above, each 802.1Q Tag has a Pri field, comprising 3 bits. The 3-bit priority field is 802.1p priority in the range of 0 to 7. 802.1P priority determines the priority of the packets based on the Pri value.
  • Page 99 Figure 9-4 SP-Mode WRR-Mode: Weight Round Robin Mode. In this mode, packets in all the queues are sent in order based on the weight value for each queue and every queue can be assured of a certain service time. The weight value indicates the occupied proportion of the resource. WRR queue overcomes the disadvantage of SP queue that the packets in the queues with lower priority can not get service for a long time.

  • Page 100: Diffserv

    The QoS module is mainly for traffic control and priority configuration, including three submenus: DiffServ and Bandwidth Control. 9.1 DiffServ This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function. This switch implements three priority modes based on port, on 802.1P and on DSCP, and supports four queue scheduling algorithms.

  • Page 101: P Priority

    Note: To complete QoS function configuration, you have to go to the Schedule Mode page to select a schedule mode after the configuration is finished on this page. Configuration Procedure: Step Operation Description Log on to the Port Priority page Select the desired ports for Select the desired ports.

  • Page 102: Dscp Priority

    Priority Level  Tag-id/CoS-id: Indicates the precedence level defined by IEEE802.1P and the CoS ID Queue TC-id: Indicates the priority level of egress queue the packets with tag and CoS-id are mapped to. The priority levels of egress queue are labeled as TC0, TC1, TC2 and TC3 Note: To complete QoS function configuration, you have to go to the Schedule Mode page to select a...
  • Page 103 Figure 9-8 DSCP Priority The following entries are displayed on this screen: DSCP Priority Config  DSCP Priority: Select Enable or Disable DSCP Priority. Priority Level  DSCP: Indicates the priority determined by the DS region of IP datagram. It ranges from 0 to 63. Priority Level: Indicates the priority level the packets with tag are mapped to.

  • Page 104: Schedule Mode

    Map the DSCP priority to the Required. Select DSCP priority and the corresponding priority level priority level. Select a schedule mode Required. Log on to the Schedule Mode page to select a schedule mode. 9.1.4 Schedule Mode On this page you can select a schedule mode for the switch. When the network is congested, the problem that many packets compete for resources must be solved, usually in the way of queue scheduling.

  • Page 105: Rate Limit

    9.2.1 Rate Limit Rate limit functions to control the ingress/egress traffic rate on each port via configuring the available bandwidth of each port. In this way, the network bandwidth can be reasonably distributed and utilized. Choose the menu QoS→Bandwidth Control→Rate Limit to load the following page. Figure 9-10 Rate Limit The following entries are displayed on this screen: Rate Limit Config...

  • Page 106: Storm Control

    Egress Rate(Kbps): Configure the bandwidth for sending packets on the port. You can select a rate from the dropdown list or select "Manual" to set Egress rate, the system will automatically select integral multiple of 64Kbps that closest to the rate you entered as the real Egress rate.
  • Page 107  Storm Control Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for Storm Control configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the Switch. Broadcast Rate (bps): Enable/Disable broadcast control feature for the port.

  • Page 108: Chapter 10 Snmp

    Chapter 10 SNMP SNMP Overview  SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) has gained the most extensive application on the UDP/IP networks. SNMP provides a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. It is used for automatically managing the various network devices no matter the physical differences of the devices.
  • Page 109 SNMP v1: SNMP v1 adopts Community Name authentication. The community name is used to define the relation between SNMP Management Station and SNMP Agent. The SNMP packets failing to pass community name authentication are discarded. The community name can limit access to SNMP Agent from SNMP NMS, functioning as a password.

  • Page 110: Snmp Config

    3. Create SNMP User The User is configured in a SNMP Group can manage the switch via the client program on management station. The specified User Name and the Auth/Privacy Password are used for SNMP Management Station to access the SNMP Agent, functioning as the password. SNMP module is used to configure the SNMP function of the switch, including three submenus: SNMP Config, Notification and RMON.

  • Page 111: Snmp View

    Remote Engine  Remote Engine ID: Specify the Remote Engine ID for Switch. The Engine ID is a unique alphanumeric string used to identify the SNMP engine on the remote device which receives informs from Switch. Note: The amount of Engine ID characters must be even. 10.1.2 SNMP View The OID (Object Identifier) of the SNMP packets is used to describe the managed objects of the switch, and the MIB (Management Information Base) is the set of the OIDs.

  • Page 112: Snmp Group

    View Table  Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding view. All the entries of a View will be deleted together. View Name: Displays the name of the View entry. View Type: Displays the type of the View entry. MIB Object ID: Displays the OID of the View entry.

  • Page 113: Snmp User

    Security Level: Select the Security Level for the SNMP v3 Group.  noAuthNoPriv: No authentication and no privacy security levels are used.  authNoPriv: Only the authentication security level is used.  authPriv: Both the authentication and the privacy security levels are used.
  • Page 114 Figure 10-6 SNMP User The following entries are displayed on this screen: User Config  User Name: Enter the User Name here. User Type: Select the type for the User.  Local User: Indicates that the user is connected to a local SNMP engine.

  • Page 115: Snmp Community

    User Table  Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding User. It is multi-optional. User Name: Displays the name of the User. User Type: Displays the User Type. Group Name: Displays the Group Name of the User. Security Model: Displays the Security Model of the User.
  • Page 116  read-only: Management right of the Community is restricted to read-only, and changes cannot be made to the corresponding View.  read-write: Management right of the Community is read-write and changes can be made to the corresponding View. MIB View: Select the MIB View for the community to access.

  • Page 117: Notification

    If SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c is employed, please take the following steps:  Step Operation Description Enable SNMP function globally. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→Global Config page, enable SNMP function globally. Create SNMP View. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP View page, create SNMP View of the management agent.
  • Page 118 Figure 10-8 Notification Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Notification  IP Address: Enter the IP Address of the management Host. UDP Port: Enter the number of the UDP port used to send notifications. The UDP port functions with the IP address for the notification sending.

  • Page 119: Rmon

    Notification Table  Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding management station. IP Address: Displays the IP Address of the management host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port used to send notifications. User: Displays the User name of the management station. Security Model: Displays the Security Model of the management station.

  • Page 120: History Control

    Alarm Group Alarm Group is configured to monitor the specific alarm variables. When the value of a monitored variable exceeds the threshold, an alarm event is generated, which triggers the switch to act in the set way. The RMON Groups can be configured on the History Control, Event Config and Alarm Config pages.

  • Page 121: Alarm Config

    Figure 10-10 Event Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Event Table  Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. User: Enter the name of the User or the community to which the event belongs.
  • Page 122 Figure 10-11 Alarm Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Alarm Table  Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. Variable: Select the alarm variables form the pull-sown list. Port: Select the port on which the Alarm entry acts.
  • Page 123 Interval: Enter the alarm interval time in seconds. Owner: Enter the name of the device or user that defined the entry. Status: Select Enable/Disable the corresponding alarm entry. Note: When alarm variables exceed the Threshold on the same direction continuously for several times, an alarm event will only be generated on the first time, that is, the Rising Alarm and Falling Alarm are triggered alternately for that the alarm following to Rising Alarm is certainly a Falling Alarm and vice versa.

  • Page 124: Chapter 11 Maintenance

    Chapter 11 Maintenance Maintenance module, assembling the commonly used system tools to manage the switch, provides the convenient method to locate and solve the network problem. （1） System Monitor: Monitor the utilization status of the memory and the CPU of switch. （2）...

  • Page 125: Memory Monitor

    Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its CPU utilization rate every four seconds. 11.1.2 Memory Monitor Choose the menu Maintenance→System Monitor→Memory Monitor to load the following page. Figure 11-2 Memory Monitor Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its Memory utilization rate every four seconds.

  • Page 126: Log Table

    notifications Normal but significant conditions Informational messages informational Debug-level messages debugging Table 11-1 Log Level The Log function is implemented on the Log Table, Local Log, Remote Log and Backup Log pages. 11.2.1 Log Table The switch supports logs output to two directions, namely, log buffer and log file. The information in log buffer will be lost after the switch is rebooted or powered off whereas the information in log file will be kept effective even the switch is rebooted or powered off.

  • Page 127: Local Log

    Note: The logs are classified into eight levels based on severity. The higher the information severity is, the lower the corresponding level is. This page displays logs in the log buffer, and at most 512 logs are displayed. 11.2.2 Local Log Local Log is the log information saved in switch.

  • Page 128: Backup Log

    Figure 11-5 Log Host The following entries are displayed on this screen: Log Host  Index: Displays the index of the log host. The switch supports 4 log hosts. Host IP: Configure the IP for the log host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port used for receiving/sending log information.

  • Page 129: Device Diagnose

    The following entry is displayed on this screen: Backup Log  Backup Log: Click the Backup Log button to save the log as a file to your computer. Note: It will take a few minutes to backup the log file. Please wait without any operation. 11.3 Device Diagnose This switch provides Cable Test and Loopback functions for device diagnose.

  • Page 130: Loopback

    Note: The Length displayed here is the length of pair cable not that of the physical cable. The test result is just for your reference. 11.3.2 Loopback Loopback test function, looping the sender and the receiver of the signal, is used to test whether the port of the switch is available as well as to check and analyze the physical connection status of the port to help you locate and solve network malfunctions.

  • Page 131: Ping

    11.4.1 Ping Ping test function, testing the connectivity between the switch and one node of the network, facilitates you to test the network connectivity and reachability of the host so as to locate the network malfunctions. Choose the menu Maintenance→Network Diagnose→Ping to load the following page. Figure 11-9 Ping The following entries are displayed on this screen: Ping Config...
  • Page 132 Figure 11-10Tracert The following entries are displayed on this screen: Tracert Config  Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination device. Max Hop: Specify the maximum number of the route hops the test data can pass through. Return to CONTENTS...

  • Page 133: Appendix A: Specifications

    Appendix A: Specifications IEEE802.3 10Base-T Ethernet IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX/100Base-FX Fast Ethernet IEEE802.3ab 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet Standards IEEE802.3z 1000Base-X Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3x Flow Control IEEE802.1p Priority IEEE802.1q VLAN Bridge Ethernet: 10Mbps HD，20Mbps FD Transmission Rate Fast Ethernet: 100Mbps HD，200Mbps FD Gigabit Ethernet: 2000Mbps FD 10Base-T: UTP/STP of Cat.

  • Page 134: Appendix B: Configuring The Pcs

    Appendix B: Configuring the PCs In this section, we’ll introduce how to install and configure the TCP/IP correctly in Windows 2000. First make sure your Ethernet Adapter is working, refer to the adapter’s manual if necessary. Configure TCP/IP component On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon, and then click on the Network Connections tab in the appearing window.
  • Page 135 Figure B-2 The following TCP/IP Properties window will display and the IP Address tab is open on this window by default.
  • Page 136 Figure B-3 Select Use the following IP address. And the following items will be available. If the switch's IP address is 192.168.0.1, specify IP address as 192.168.0.x (x is from 2 to 254), and the Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0. Now: Click OK to save your settings.

  • Page 137: Appendix C: Glossary

    Appendix C: Glossary Access Control List (ACL) ACLs can limit network traffic and restrict access to certain users or devices by checking each packet for certain IP or MAC (i.e., Layer 2) information. Boot Protocol (BOOTP) BOOTP is used to provide bootup information for network devices, including IP address information, the address of the TFTP server that contains the devices system files, and the name of the boot file.
  • Page 138 Generic Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multicast groups. GMRP requires that any participating network devices or end stations comply with the IEEE 802.1p standard. Group Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) See Generic Attribute Registration Protocol. IEEE 802.1D Specifies a general method for the operation of MAC bridges, including the Spanning Tree Protocol.
  • Page 139 Layer 2 Data Link layer in the ISO 7-Layer Data Communications Protocol. This is related directly to the hardware interface for network devices and passes on traffic based on MAC addresses. Link Aggregation See Port Trunk. Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) Allows ports to automatically negotiate a trunked link with LACP-configured ports on another device.
  • Page 140 Secure Shell (SSH) A secure replacement for remote access functions, including Telnet. SSH can authenticate users with a cryptographic key, and encrypt data connections between management clients and the switch. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) The application protocol in the Internet suite of protocols which offers network management services.

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