Page 1 ES-2048 Layer 2 Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Version 3.80 8/2007 Edition 1 DEFAULT LOGIN In-band IP Address http://192.168.1.1 Out-of-band IP Address http://192.168.0.1 User Name admin Password 1234 www.zyxel.com...
Page 2 ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 3: About This User's Guide
• Supporting Disk Refer to the included CD for support documents. • ZyXEL Web Site Please refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product certifications. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead.
Page 4: Document Conventions
Document Conventions Document Conventions Warnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide. Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device. Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Page 5 Document Conventions Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The Switch icon is not an exact representation of your device. The Switch Computer Notebook computer Server DSLAM Firewall Telephone Router ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 6: Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings Safety Warnings For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions. • Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. • Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. •...
Page 7 Safety Warnings This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly. ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 8 Safety Warnings ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 9: Table Of Contents
Contents Overview Contents Overview Introduction and Hardware ....................29 Getting to Know Your Switch ..................... 31 Basic Configuration ....................... 35 Hardware Installation and Connection ..................37 Hardware Overview ........................41 The Web Configurator ....................... 47 Initial Setup Example ......................... 57 System Status and Port Statistics ....................
Page 10 Contents Overview Syslog ............................243 Cluster Management ....................... 247 MAC Table ..........................253 ARP Table ..........................255 Configure Clone ........................257 Troubleshooting & Product Specifications ............... 259 Troubleshooting ........................261 Product Specifications ......................265 Appendices and Index ......................273 ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 11: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Table of Contents About This User's Guide ......................3 Document Conventions......................4 Safety Warnings........................6 Contents Overview ........................9 Table of Contents........................11 List of Figures ......................... 21 List of Tables........................... 25 Part I: Introduction and Hardware ............29 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch....................
Page 12 Table of Contents 3.1 Panel Connections ......................41 3.1.1 Console Port ......................42 3.1.2 Ethernet Ports ......................42 3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots ......................43 3.1.4 Power Connector ....................... 44 3.2 LEDs ..........................45 Chapter 4 The Web Configurator ......................47 4.1 Introduction .......................... 47 4.2 System Login ........................
Page 13 Table of Contents Part III: Advanced................... 79 Chapter 8 VLAN ............................81 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs ..............81 8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ..............81 8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration .................... 82 8.2.1 GARP ......................... 82 8.2.2 GVRP ......................... 82 8.3 Port VLAN Trunking ......................
Page 14 Table of Contents 11.5 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status ................ 108 11.6 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol ..............110 11.7 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status ..............112 Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control........................ 115 12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview ..................115 12.1.1 CIR and PIR ......................115 12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ....................115 Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control .....................
Page 15 Table of Contents 18.1 Queuing Method Overview ..................... 139 18.1.1 Strictly Priority ......................139 18.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing ..................139 18.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) ............140 18.2 Configuring Queuing ......................140 Chapter 19 Multicast ..........................143 19.1 Multicast Overview ......................143 19.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses ...................
Page 16 Table of Contents 21.1.2 ARP Inspection Overview ..................173 21.2 IP Source Guard ......................175 21.3 IP Source Guard Static Binding ..................175 21.4 DHCP Snooping ......................177 21.5 DHCP Snooping Configure ....................180 21.5.1 DHCP Snooping Port Configure ................181 21.5.2 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure ................
Page 17 Table of Contents 25.1 DHCP Overview ......................209 25.1.1 DHCP Modes ......................209 25.1.2 DHCP Configuration Options ................. 209 25.2 DHCP Status ........................209 25.3 DHCP Relay ........................210 25.3.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ................210 25.3.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay ................211 25.3.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example ............
Page 18 Table of Contents 27.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................. 234 27.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH ................. 234 27.7 Introduction to HTTPS ..................... 234 27.8 HTTPS Example ......................235 27.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ..............235 27.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ..............236 27.8.3 The Main Screen ....................
Page 19 Table of Contents Part VI: Troubleshooting & Product Specifications......259 Chapter 34 Troubleshooting........................261 34.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ..............261 34.2 Switch Access and Login ....................262 Chapter 35 Product Specifications ......................265 35.1 Cable Pin Assignments ....................270 Part VII: Appendices and Index ............
Page 20 Table of Contents ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 21: List Of Figures
List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1 Backbone Application ......................32 Figure 2 Bridging Application ........................ 32 Figure 3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application ............... 33 Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ..................34 Figure 5 Attaching Rubber Feet ......................37 Figure 6 Attaching the Mounting Brackets .....................
Page 22 List of Figures Figure 39 Protocol Based VLAN Configuration Example ..............93 Figure 40 Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) ................94 Figure 41 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ................95 Figure 42 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding ..............97 Figure 43 Advanced Application >...
Page 23 List of Figures Figure 82 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct ................158 Figure 83 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup ........159 Figure 84 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup ........161 Figure 85 Advanced Application >...
Page 24 List of Figures Figure 125 Management > Maintenance > Restore Configuration ............220 Figure 126 Management > Maintenance > Backup Configuration ............220 Figure 127 Management > Access Control ..................223 Figure 128 SNMP Management Model ....................224 Figure 129 Management > Access Control > SNMP ................229 Figure 130 Management >...
Page 25: List Of Tables
List of Tables List of Tables Table 1 Panel Connections ........................42 Table 2 LEDs ............................45 Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ..................49 Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details ................50 Table 5 Navigation Panel Links ......................50 Table 6 Status ............................
Page 26 List of Tables Table 39 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication ........133 Table 40 Advanced Application > Port Security ................... 136 Table 41 Advanced Application > Queuing Method ................141 Table 42 Advanced Application > Multicast Status ................144 Table 43 Advanced Application >...
Page 27 Table 95 Management > Syslog ......................244 Table 96 Management > Syslog > Syslog Server Setup ..............245 Table 97 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications ..............247 Table 98 Management > Cluster Management: Status ................ 249 Table 99 FTP Upload to Cluster Member Example ................250 Table 100 Management >...
Page 28 List of Tables ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 29: Introduction And Hardware
Introduction and Hardware Getting to Know Your Switch (31) Hardware Installation and Connection (37) Hardware Overview (41)
Page 31: Getting To Know Your Switch
H A P T E R Getting to Know Your Switch This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the Switch. 1.1 Introduction The Switch is a stand-alone layer 2 Ethernet switch with 48 10/100 Mbps ports, 2 dual personality interfaces for uplink as well as a console port and a management port for local management.
Page 32: Bridging Example
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch Figure 1 Backbone Application 1.1.2 Bridging Example In this example application the Switch connects different company departments (RD and Sales) to the corporate backbone. It can alleviate bandwidth contention and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. All users that need high bandwidth can connect to high-speed department servers via the Switch.
Page 33: Ieee 802.1Q Vlan Application Examples
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch Switching to higher-speed LANs such as ATM (Asynchronous Transmission Mode) is not feasible for most people due to the expense of replacing all existing Ethernet cables and adapter cards, restructuring your network and complex maintenance. The Switch can provide the same bandwidth as ATM at much lower cost while still being able to use existing adapters and switches.
Page 34: Ways To Manage The Switch
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example 1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch Use any of the following methods to manage the Switch. • Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the Switch using a (supported) web browser.
Page 35: Basic Configuration
Basic Configuration The Web Configurator (47) Initial Setup Example (57) System Status and Port Statistics (61) Basic Setting (67)
Page 37: Hardware Installation And Connection
H A P T E R Hardware Installation and Connection This chapter shows you how to install and connect the switch. 2.1 Freestanding Installation 1 Make sure the switch is clean and dry. 2 Set the switch on a smooth, level surface strong enough to support the weight of the switch and the connected cables.
Page 38: Mounting The Switch On A Rack
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection Do NOT block the ventilation holes. Leave space between devices when stacking. For proper ventilation, allow at least 4 inches (10 cm) of clearance at the front and 3.4 inches (8 cm) at the back of the switch. This is especially important for enclosed rack installations.
Page 39: Mounting The Switch On A Rack
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection Figure 6 Attaching the Mounting Brackets 2 Using a #2 Philips screwdriver, install the M3 flat head screws through the mounting bracket holes into the switch. 3 Repeat steps to install the second mounting bracket on the other side of the switch.
Page 40 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 41: Hardware Overview
H A P T E R Hardware Overview This chapter describes the front panel and rear panel of the switch and shows you how to make the hardware connections. 3.1 Panel Connections The figures below show the front panel and the rear panel of the switch. Figure 8 Front Panel RJ-45 Gigabit / Mini-GBIC Dual Personality Interfaces...
Page 42: Console Port
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview The following table describes the ports on the panels. Table 1 Panel Connections CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION 48 10/100 Connect these ports to a computer, a hub, an Ethernet switch or router. Mbps RJ-45 Ethernet Ports Two Dual Each interface has one 1000 BASE-T copper RJ-45 port and one Small Form-Factor Personality Pluggable (SFP) fiber-optic port, with one port active at a time.
Page 43: Mini-Gbic Slots
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview 3.1.2.1 Default Ethernet Settings The factory default negotiation settings for the Ethernet ports on the switch are: • Speed: Auto • Duplex: Auto • Flow control: Off 3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots These are slots for mini-GBIC (Gigabit Interface Converter) transceivers. A transceiver is a single unit that houses a transmitter and a receiver.
Page 44: Power Connector
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview Figure 11 Installed Transceiver 3.1.3.2 Transceiver Removal Use the following steps to remove a mini GBIC transceiver (SFP module). 1 Open the transceiver’s latch (latch styles vary). Figure 12 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example 2 Pull the transceiver out of the slot. Figure 13 Transceiver Removal Example 3.1.4 Power Connector Make sure you are using the correct power source as shown on the panel.
Page 45: Leds
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview 3.2 LEDs The following table describes the LEDs on the switch. Table 2 LEDs COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION Green The system is turned on. The system is off. Green Blinking The system is rebooting and performing self-diagnostic tests. The system is on and functioning properly.
Page 46 Chapter 3 Hardware Overview ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 47: The Web Configurator
H A P T E R The Web Configurator This section introduces the configuration and functions of the web configurator. 4.1 Introduction The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy Switch setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions.
Page 48: The Status Screen
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Figure 14 Web Configurator: Login 4 Click OK to view the first web configurator screen. 4.3 The Status Screen The Status screen is the first screen that displays when you access the web configurator. The following figure shows the navigating components of a web configurator screen. Figure 15 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) B C D E A - Click the menu items to open submenu links, and then click on a submenu link to open the...
Page 49: Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-Links Overview
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator E - Click this link to display web help pages. The help pages provide descriptions for all of the configuration screens. In the navigation panel, click a main link to reveal a list of submenu links. Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ADVANCED BASIC SETTING...
Page 50: Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-Links Details
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator The following table lists the various web configurator screens within the sub-links. Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details ADVANCED BASIC SETTING IP APPLICATION MANAGEMENT APPLICATION System Info VLAN Static Routing Maintenance General Setup VLAN Port Setting DiffServ Firmware Upgrade Subnet Based VLAN...
Page 51 Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Table 5 Navigation Panel Links (continued) LINK DESCRIPTION General Setup This link takes you to a screen where you can configure general identification information about the Switch. Switch Setup This link takes you to a screen where you can set up global Switch parameters such as VLAN type, MAC address learning, GARP and priority queues.
Page 52: Change Your Password
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Table 5 Navigation Panel Links (continued) LINK DESCRIPTION DiffServ This link takes you to a screens where you can enable DiffServ, configure trTCM (Two Rate Three Color Marker) rules and set DSCP-to-IEEE802.1p mappings. DHCP This link takes you to screens where you can configure the DHCP settings. Management Maintenance This link takes you to screens where you can perform firmware and configuration...
Page 53: Saving Your Configuration
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator 4.4 Saving Your Configuration When you are done modifying the settings in a screen, click Apply to save your changes back to the run-time memory. Settings in the run-time memory are lost when the Switch’s power is turned off.
Page 54: Reload The Configuration File
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator 4.6.1 Reload the Configuration File Uploading the factory-default configuration file replaces the current configuration file with the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all previous configurations and the speed of the console port will be reset to the default of 9600bps with 8 data bit, no parity, one stop bit and flow control set to none.
Page 55: Help
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Figure 18 Web Configurator: Logout Screen 4.8 Help The web configurator’s online help has descriptions of individual screens and some supplementary information. Click the Help link from a web configurator screen to view an online help description of that screen.
Page 56 Chapter 4 The Web Configurator ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 57: Initial Setup Example
H A P T E R Initial Setup Example This chapter shows how to set up the Switch for an example network. 5.1 Overview The following lists the configuration steps for the initial setup: • Create a VLAN • Set port VLAN ID •...
Page 58: Setting Port Vid
Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example 1 Click Advanced Application > VLAN in the navigation panel and click the Static VLAN link. 2 In the Static VLAN screen, select ACTIVE, enter a descriptive name in the Name field and enter 2 in the VLAN Group ID field for the VLAN2 network.
Page 59: Configuring Switch Management Ip Address
Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example Figure 20 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID 1 Click Advanced Applications > VLAN in the navigation panel. Then click the VLAN Port Setting link. 2 Enter 2 in the PVID field for port 1 and click Apply to save your changes back to the run- time memory.
Page 60 Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example 1 Connect your computer to any Ethernet port on the Switch. Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the Switch. 2 Open your web browser and enter 192.168.1.1 (the default IP address) in the address bar to access the web configurator.
Page 61: System Status And Port Statistics
H A P T E R System Status and Port Statistics This chapter describes the system status (web configurator home page) and port details screens. 6.1 Overview The home screen of the web configurator displays a port statistical summary with links to each port showing statistical details.
Page 62: Status: Port Details
Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Table 6 Status (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Link This field displays the speed (either 10M for 10Mbps, 100M for 100Mbps or 1000M for 1000Mbps) and the duplex (F for full duplex or H for half). It also shows the cable type (Copper or Fiber) for the combo ports.
Page 63: Figure 23 Status > Port Details
Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Figure 23 Status > Port Details The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7 Status: Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Port Info Port NO. This field displays the port number you are viewing. Name This field displays the name of the port.
Page 64 Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Table 7 Status: Port Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Up Time This field shows the total amount of time the connection has been up. Tx Packet The following fields display detailed information about packets transmitted. TX Packet This field shows the number of good packets (unicast, multicast and broadcast) transmitted.
Page 65 Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Table 7 Status: Port Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION 512-1023 This field shows the number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length. 1024- This field shows the number of packets (including bad packets) received that were 1518 between 1024 and 1518 octets in length.
Page 66 Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 67: Basic Setting
H A P T E R Basic Setting This chapter describes how to configure the System Info, General Setup, Switch Setup, IP Setup and Port Setup screens. 7.1 Overview The System Info screen displays general Switch information (such as firmware version number) and hardware polling information (such as fan speeds).
Page 68: Figure 24 Basic Setting > System Info
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Figure 24 Basic Setting > System Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8 Basic Setting > System Info LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name This field displays the descriptive name of the Switch for identification purposes. ZyNOS F/W This field displays the version number of the Switch 's current firmware including the Version...
Page 69: General Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 8 Basic Setting > System Info (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Current This field displays this fan's current speed in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). This field displays this fan's maximum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). This field displays this fan's minimum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM).
Page 70: Table 9 Basic Setting > General Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 Basic Setting > General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. This name consists of up to 64 printable characters; spaces are allowed. Location Enter the geographic location of your Switch.
Page 71: Introduction To Vlans
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 9 Basic Setting > General Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Daylight Saving Time. The time field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples: Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the first Sunday of November.
Page 72: Figure 26 Basic Setting > Switch Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Figure 26 Basic Setting > Switch Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Basic Setting > Switch Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Type Choose 802.1Q or Port Based. The VLAN Setup screen changes depending on whether you choose 802.1Q VLAN type or Port Based VLAN type in this screen.
Page 73: Ip Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 10 Basic Setting > Switch Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Priority Queue Assignment IEEE 802.1p defines up to eight separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Frames without an explicit priority tag are given the default priority of the ingress port.
Page 74: Figure 27 Basic Setting > Ip Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting You must configure a VLAN first. Figure 27 Basic Setting > IP Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11 Basic Setting > IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Domain Name DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its Server corresponding IP address and vice versa.
Page 75 Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 11 Basic Setting > IP Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION DHCP Client Select this option if you have a DHCP server that can assign the Switch an IP address, subnet mask, a default gateway IP address and a domain name server IP address automatically.
Page 76: Port Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 11 Basic Setting > IP Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This field displays the index number of the rule. Click an index number to edit the rule. IP Address This field displays the IP address. IP Subnet Mask This field displays the subnet mask.
Page 77 Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 12 Basic Setting > Port Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Name Enter a descriptive name that identifies this port. You can enter up to 64 alpha- numerical characters. Note: Due to space limitation, the port name may be truncated in some web configurator screens.
Page 78 Chapter 7 Basic Setting ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 79: Advanced
Advanced VLAN (81) Static MAC Forward Setup (97) Filtering (99) Spanning Tree Protocol (101) Bandwidth Control (115) Broadcast Storm Control (117) Mirroring (119) Link Aggregation (121) Port Authentication (129) Port Security (135) Queuing Method (139) Multicast (143) Authentication & Accounting (157) IP Source Guard (171) Loop Guard (191)
Page 81: Vlan
H A P T E R VLAN The type of screen you see here depends on the VLAN Type you selected in the Switch Setup screen. This chapter shows you how to configure 802.1Q tagged and port-based VLANs. 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created.
Page 82: Automatic Vlan Registration
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration GARP and GVRP are the protocols used to automatically register VLAN membership across switches. 8.2.1 GARP GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) allows network switches to register and de- register attribute values with other GARP participants within a bridged LAN. GARP is a protocol that provides a generic mechanism for protocols that serve a more specific application, for example, GVRP.
Page 83: Port Vlan Trunking
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.3 Port VLAN Trunking Enable VLAN Trunking on a port to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through that port. This is useful if you want to set up VLAN groups on end devices without having to configure the same VLAN groups on intermediary devices.
Page 84: Static Vlan Status
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.5.1 Static VLAN Status Section 8.1 on page 81 for more information on Static VLAN. Click Advanced Application > VLAN from the navigation panel to display the VLAN Status screen as shown next. Figure 31 Advanced Application > VLAN: VLAN Status The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 85: Configure A Static Vlan
Chapter 8 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 15 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Detail LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Status Click this to go to the VLAN Status screen. This is the VLAN identification number that was configured in the Static VLAN screen.
Page 86: Configure Vlan Port Settings
Chapter 8 VLAN The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 16 Advanced Application > VLAN > Static VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE Select this check box to activate the VLAN settings. Name Enter a descriptive name for the VLAN group for identification purposes. This name consists of up to 64 printable characters.
Page 87: Figure 34 Advanced Application > Vlan > Vlan Port Setting
Chapter 8 VLAN Figure 34 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 17 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION GVRP GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is a registration protocol that defines a way for switches to register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network.
Page 88: Subnet Based Vlans
Chapter 8 VLAN Table 17 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Trunking Enable VLAN Trunking on ports connected to other switches or routers (but not ports directly connected to end users) to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through the Switch.
Page 89: Configuring Subnet Based Vlan
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.7 Configuring Subnet Based VLAN Click Subnet Based VLAN in the VLAN Port Setting screen to display the configuration screen as shown. Subnet based VLAN applies to un-tagged packets and is applicable only when you use IEEE 802.1Q tagged VLAN. Figure 36 Advanced Application >...
Page 90: Protocol Based Vlans
Chapter 8 VLAN Table 18 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Subnet Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Mask-Bits Enter the bit number of the subnet mask. To find the bit number, convert the subnet mask to binary format and add all the 1’s together. Take “255.255.255.0” for example. 255 converts to eight 1s in binary.
Page 91: Configuring Protocol Based Vlan
Chapter 8 VLAN For example, port 1, 2, 3 and 4 belong to static VLAN 100, and port 4, 5, 6, 7 belong to static VLAN 120. You configure a protocol based VLAN A with priority 3 for ARP traffic received on port 1, 2 and 3.
Page 92: Create An Ip-Based Vlan Example
Chapter 8 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 19 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Check this box to activate this protocol based VLAN. Port Type a port to be included in this protocol based VLAN.
Page 93: Port-Based Vlan Setup
Chapter 8 VLAN 6 Leave the priority set to 0 and click Add. Figure 39 Protocol Based VLAN Configuration Example To add more ports to this protocol based VLAN. 1 Click the index number of the protocol based VLAN entry. Click 1 2 Change the value in the Port field to the next port you want to add.
Page 94: Configure A Port-Based Vlan
Chapter 8 VLAN The port-based VLAN setup screen is shown next. The CPU management port forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports. 8.11.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN Select Port Based as the VLAN Type in the Basic Setting > Switch Setup screen and then click Advanced Application >...
Page 95: Figure 41 Port Based Vlan Setup (Port Isolation)
Chapter 8 VLAN Figure 41 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 96: Table 20 Port Based Vlan Setup
Chapter 8 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 20 Port Based VLAN Setup label Description Setting Wizard Choose All connected or Port isolation. All connected means all ports can communicate with each other, that is, there are no virtual LANs.
Page 97: Static Mac Forward Setup
H A P T E R Static MAC Forward Setup Use these screens to configure static MAC address forwarding. 9.1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure forwarding rules based on MAC addresses of devices on your network. 9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding A static MAC address is an address that has been manually entered in the MAC address table.
Page 98: Table 21 Advanced Application > Static Mac Forwarding
Chapter 9 Static MAC Forward Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 21 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate your rule. You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it by clearing this check box.
Page 99: Filtering
H A P T E R Filtering This chapter discusses MAC address port filtering. 10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule Filtering means sifting traffic going through the Switch based on the source and/or destination MAC addresses and VLAN group (ID). Click Advanced Application > Filtering in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown next.
Page 100 Chapter 10 Filtering Table 22 Advanced Application > FIltering (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Action Select Discard source to drop the frames from the source MAC address (specified in the MAC field). The Switch can still send frames to the MAC address. Select Discard destination to drop the frames to the destination MAC address (specified in the MAC address).
Page 101: Spanning Tree Protocol
H A P T E R Spanning Tree Protocol The Switch supports Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) and Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) as defined in the following standards. • IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol • IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol •...
Page 102: How Stp Works
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame onto a LAN through that port. The recommended cost is assigned according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher the cost.
Page 103: Stp Port States
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.1.3 STP Port States STP assigns five port states to eliminate packet looping. A bridge port is not allowed to go directly from blocking state to forwarding state so as to eliminate transient loops. Table 24 STP Port States PORT STATE DESCRIPTION Disabled STP is disabled (default).
Page 104: Figure 44 Stp/Rstp Network Example
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Figure 44 STP/RSTP Network Example VLAN 1 VLAN 2 With MSTP, VLANs 1 and 2 are mapped to different spanning trees in the network. Thus traffic from the two VLANs travel on different paths. The following figure shows the network example using MSTP.
Page 105: Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.1.4.3 MST Instance An MST Instance (MSTI) is a spanning tree instance. VLANs can be configured to run on a specific MSTI. Each created MSTI is identified by a unique number (known as an MST ID) known internally to a region.
Page 106: Spanning Tree Configuration
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Figure 48 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol This screen differs depending on which STP mode (RSTP or MSTP) you configure on the Switch. This screen is described in detail in the section that follows the configuration section for each STP mode.
Page 107: Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Use this screen to configure RSTP settings, see Section 11.1 on page 101 for more information on RSTP. Click RSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol screen. Figure 50 Advanced Application >...
Page 108: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 26 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Hello Time This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch. The allowed range is 1 to 10 seconds.
Page 109: Figure 51 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: Rstp
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol This screen is only available after you activate RSTP on the Switch. Figure 51 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 27 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Configuration...
Page 110: Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.6 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol To configure MSTP, click MSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol screen. See Section 11.1.4 on page 103 for more information on MSTP. Figure 52 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 111: Table 28 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Mstp
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 28 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Status Click Status to display the MSTP Status screen (see Figure 53 on page 113).
Page 112: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 28 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Range Enter the start of the VLAN ID range that you want to add or remove from the VLAN range edit area in the Start field. Enter the end of the VLAN ID range that you want to add or remove from the VLAN range edit area in the End field.
Page 113: Figure 53 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: Mstp
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol This screen is only available after you activate MSTP on the Switch. Figure 53 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 29 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Configuration...
Page 114 Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 29 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Forwarding Delay This is the time (in seconds) the root switch will wait before changing states (that (second) is, listening to learning to forwarding). Cost to Bridge This is the path cost from the root port on this Switch to the root switch.
Page 115: Bandwidth Control
H A P T E R Bandwidth Control This chapter shows you how you can cap the maximum bandwidth using the Bandwidth Control screen. 12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview Bandwidth control means defining a maximum allowable bandwidth for incoming and/or out- going traffic flows on a port.
Page 116: Figure 54 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control
Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control Figure 54 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 30 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable bandwidth control on the Switch. Port This field displays the port number.
Page 117: Broadcast Storm Control
H A P T E R Broadcast Storm Control This chapter introduces and shows you how to configure the broadcast storm control feature. 13.1 Broadcast Storm Control Setup Broadcast storm control limits the number of broadcast, multicast and destination lookup failure (DLF) packets the Switch receives per second on the ports.
Page 118: Table 31 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control
Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 31 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable traffic storm control on the Switch. Clear this check box to disable this feature.
Page 119: Mirroring
H A P T E R Mirroring This chapter discusses port mirroring setup screens. 14.1 Port Mirroring Setup Port mirroring allows you to copy a traffic flow to a monitor port (the port you copy the traffic to) in order that you can examine the traffic from the monitor port without interference. Click Advanced Application >...
Page 120: Table 32 Advanced Application > Mirroring
Chapter 14 Mirroring The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 32 Advanced Application > Mirroring LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate port mirroring on the Switch. Clear this check box to disable the feature. Monitor The monitor port is the port you copy the traffic to in order to examine it in more detail Port...
Page 121: Link Aggregation
H A P T E R Link Aggregation This chapter shows you how to logically aggregate physical links to form one logical, higher- bandwidth link. 15.1 Link Aggregation Overview Link aggregation (trunking) is the grouping of physical ports into one logical higher-capacity link.
Page 122: Link Aggregation Id
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation • You must connect all ports point-to-point to the same Ethernet switch and configure the ports for LACP trunking. • LACP only works on full-duplex links. • All ports in the same trunk group must have the same media type, speed, duplex mode and flow control settings.
Page 123: Link Aggregation Setting
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Table 35 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation Status (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Synchronized These are the ports that are currently transmitting data as one logical link in this trunk Ports group. Aggregator ID Link Aggregator ID consists of the following: system priority, MAC address, key, port priority and port number.
Page 124: Link Aggregation Control Protocol
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 36 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Link This is the only screen you need to configure to enable static link aggregation. Aggregation Setting Group ID...
Page 125: Figure 59 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > Lacp
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Figure 59 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 37 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP LABEL DESCRIPTION Link Note: Do not configure this screen unless you want to enable...
Page 126: Static Trunking Example
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Table 37 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP LABEL DESCRIPTION Settings in this row apply to all ports. Use this row only if you want to make some settings the same for all ports. Use this row first to set the common settings and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis.
Page 127: Figure 61 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Figure 61 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen Your trunk group 1 (T1) configuration is now complete; you do not need to go to any additional screens. ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 128 Chapter 15 Link Aggregation ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 129: Port Authentication
H A P T E R Port Authentication This chapter describes the IEEE 802.1x and MAC authentication methods. 16.1 Port Authentication Overview Port authentication is a way to validate access to ports on the Switch to clients based on an external server (authentication server).
Page 130: Mac Authentication
Chapter 16 Port Authentication Figure 62 IEEE 802.1x Authentication Process New Connection Login Info Request Login Credentials Authentication Request Authentication Reply Session Granted/Denied 16.1.2 MAC Authentication MAC authentication works in a very similar way to IEEE 802.1x authentication. The main difference is that the Switch does not prompt the client for login credentials.
Page 131: Port Authentication Configuration
Chapter 16 Port Authentication 16.2 Port Authentication Configuration To enable port authentication, first activate the port authentication method(s) you want to use (both on the Switch and the port(s)) then configure the RADIUS server settings in the Auth and Acct > Radius Server Setup screen. Click Advanced Application >...
Page 132: Activate Mac Authentication
Chapter 16 Port Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 38 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to permit 802.1x authentication on the Switch. Note: You must first enable 802.1x authentication on the Switch before configuring it on each port.
Page 133: Figure 66 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > Mac Authentication
Chapter 16 Port Authentication Figure 66 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 39 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to permit MAC authentication on the Switch. Note: You must first enable MAC authentication on the Switch before configuring it on each port.
Page 134 Chapter 16 Port Authentication Table 39 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Use this row to make the setting the same for all ports. Use this row first and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis. Note: Changes in this row are copied to all the ports as soon as you make them.
Page 135: Port Security
H A P T E R Port Security This chapter shows you how to set up port security. 17.1 About Port Security Port security allows only packets with dynamically learned MAC addresses and/or configured static MAC addresses to pass through a port on the Switch. The Switch can learn up to 16K MAC addresses in total with no limit on individual ports other than the sum cannot exceed 16K.
Page 136: Figure 67 Advanced Application > Port Security
Chapter 17 Port Security Figure 67 Advanced Application > Port Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 40 Advanced Application > Port Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable port security on the Switch. Port This field displays the port number.
Page 137 Chapter 17 Port Security Table 40 Advanced Application > Port Security (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 138 Chapter 17 Port Security ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 139: Queuing Method
H A P T E R Queuing Method This chapter introduces the queuing methods supported. 18.1 Queuing Method Overview Queuing is used to help solve performance degradation when there is network congestion. Use the Queuing Method screen to configure queuing algorithms for outgoing traffic. See also Priority Queue Assignment in Switch Setup and 802.1p Priority in Port Setup for related information.
Page 140: Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (Wrr)
Chapter 18 Queuing Method 18.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) Round Robin Scheduling services queues on a rotating basis and is activated only when a port has more traffic than it can handle. A queue is a given an amount of bandwidth irrespective of the incoming traffic on that port.
Page 141: Figure 68 Advanced Application > Queuing Method
Chapter 18 Queuing Method Figure 68 Advanced Application > Queuing Method The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 41 Advanced Application > Queuing Method LABEL DESCRIPTION Method Select SPQ (Strictly Priority Queuing), WFQ (Weighted Fair Queuing) or WRR (Weighted Round Robin).
Page 142 Chapter 18 Queuing Method Table 41 Advanced Application > Queuing Method (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Settings in this row apply to all ports. Use this row only if you want to make some settings the same for all ports. Use this row first to set the common settings and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis.
Page 143: Multicast
H A P T E R Multicast This chapter shows you how to configure various multicast features. 19.1 Multicast Overview Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender to 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender to everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to just a group of hosts on the network.
Page 144: Igmp Snooping And Vlans
Chapter 19 Multicast The Switch forwards multicast traffic destined for multicast groups (that it has learned from IGMP snooping or that you have manually configured) to ports that are members of that group. IGMP snooping generates no additional network traffic, allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic passing through your Switch.
Page 145: Figure 70 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting
Chapter 19 Multicast Figure 70 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 43 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION IGMP Snooping Use these settings to configure IGMP Snooping. Active Select Active to enable IGMP Snooping to forward group multicast traffic only to ports that are members of that group.
Page 146: Igmp Snooping Vlan
Chapter 19 Multicast Table 43 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Reserved Multicast addresses (224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255) are reserved for the local scope. Multicast Group For examples, 224.0.0.1 is for all hosts in this subnet, 224.0.0.2 is for all multicast routers in this subnet, etc.
Page 147: Figure 71 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > Igmp Snooping Vlan
Chapter 19 Multicast Figure 71 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 44 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION Mode Select auto to have the Switch learn multicast group membership information of any VLANs automatically.
Page 148: Igmp Filtering Profile
Chapter 19 Multicast Table 44 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the number of the IGMP snooping VLAN entry in the table. Name This field displays the descriptive name for this VLAN group. This field displays the ID number of the VLAN group.
Page 149: Mvr Overview
Chapter 19 Multicast Table 45 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile LABEL DESCRIPTION Click Add to save the profile to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 150: Mvr Modes
Chapter 19 Multicast 19.6.2 MVR Modes You can set your Switch to operate in either dynamic or compatible mode. In dynamic mode, the Switch sends IGMP leave and join reports to the other multicast devices (such as multicast routers or servers) in the multicast VLAN. This allows the multicast devices to update the multicast forwarding table to forward or not forward multicast traffic to the receiver ports.
Page 151: Figure 75 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > Mvr
Chapter 19 Multicast Your Switch automatically creates a static VLAN (with the same VID) when you create a multicast VLAN in this screen. Figure 75 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 46 Advanced Application >...
Page 152: Mvr Group Configuration
Chapter 19 Multicast Table 46 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Settings in this row apply to all ports. Use this row only if you want to make some settings the same for all ports. Use this row first to set the common settings and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis.
Page 153: Mvr Configuration Example
Chapter 19 Multicast Figure 76 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 47 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Multicast Select a multicast VLAN ID (that you configured in the MVR screen) from the drop- VLAN ID...
Page 154: Figure 77 Mvr Configuration Example
Chapter 19 Multicast Figure 77 MVR Configuration Example To configure the MVR settings on the Switch, create a multicast group in the MVR screen and set the receiver and source ports. Figure 78 MVR Configuration Example To set the Switch to forward the multicast group traffic to the subscribers, configure multicast group settings in the Group Configuration screen.
Page 155: Figure 80 Mvr Group Configuration Example
Chapter 19 Multicast Figure 80 MVR Group Configuration Example ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 156 Chapter 19 Multicast ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 157: Authentication & Accounting
H A P T E R Authentication & Accounting This chapter describes how to configure authentication and accounting settings on the Switch. 20.1 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Authentication is the process of determining who a user is and validating access to the Switch. The Switch can authenticate users who try to log in based on user accounts configured on the Switch itself.
Page 158: Radius And Tacacs
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting 20.1.2 RADIUS and TACACS+ RADIUS and TACACS+ are security protocols used to authenticate users by means of an external server instead of (or in addition to) an internal device user database that is limited to the memory capacity of the device.
Page 159: Figure 83 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Radius Server Setup
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Figure 83 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 49 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Use this section to configure your RADIUS authentication settings.
Page 160: Tacacs+ Server Setup
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Table 49 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Delete Check this box if you want to remove an existing RADIUS server entry from the Switch. This entry is deleted when you click Apply. Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory.
Page 161: Figure 84 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Tacacs+ Server Setup
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Figure 84 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 50 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Use this section to configure your TACACS+ authentication settings.
Page 162: Authentication And Accounting Setup
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Table 50 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Shared Secret Specify a password (up to 32 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external TACACS+ server and the Switch. This key is not sent over the network.
Page 163: Figure 85 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Auth And Acct Setup
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Figure 85 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 51 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication...
Page 164 Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Table 51 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Login These fields specify which database the Switch should use (first, second and third) to authenticate administrator accounts (users for Switch management). Configure the local user accounts in the Access Control >...
Page 165: Vendor Specific Attribute
The VSAs are composed of the following: • Vendor-ID: An identification number assigned to the company by the IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). ZyXEL’s vendor ID is 890. • Vendor-Type: A vendor specified attribute, identifying the setting you want to modify.
Page 166: Supported Radius Attributes
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Table 52 Supported VSAs FUNCTION ATTRIBUTE Egress Bandwidth Vendor-Id = 890 Assignment Vendor-Type = 2 Vendor-data = egress rate (Kbps in decimal format) Privilege Assignment Vendor-ID = 890 Vendor-Type = 3 Vendor-Data = "shell:priv-lvl=N" Vendor-ID = 9 (CISCO) Vendor-Type = 1 (CISCO-AVPAIR)
Page 167: Attributes Used For Authentication
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting 20.3.1 Attributes Used for Authentication The following sections list the attributes sent from the Switch to the RADIUS server when performing authentication. 20.3.1.1 Attributes Used for Authenticating Privilege Access User-Name - the format of the User-Name attribute is $enab#$, where # is the privilege level (1- User-Password NAS-Identifier NAS-IP-Address...
Page 168: Table 54 Radius Attributes - Exec Events Via Console
Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting 20.3.2.2 Attributes Used for Accounting Exec Events The attributes are listed in the following table along with the time that they are sent (the difference between Console and Telnet/SSH Exec events is that the Telnet/SSH events utilize the Calling-Station-Id attribute): Table 54 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ATTRIBUTE...
Page 169 Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting Table 56 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ATTRIBUTE START INTERIM-UPDATE STOP NAS-Port-Type Acct-Status-Type Acct-Delay-Time Acct-Session-Id Acct-Authentic Acct-Input-Octets Acct-Output-Octets Acct-Session-Time Acct-Input-Packets Acct-Output-Packets Acct-Terminate-Cause Acct-Input-Gigawords Acct-Output-Gigawords ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 170 Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 171: Ip Source Guard
H A P T E R IP Source Guard Use IP source guard to filter unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network. 21.1 IP Source Guard Overview IP source guard uses a binding table to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network.
Page 172: Figure 86 Dhcp Snooping Database File Format
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Trusted ports are connected to DHCP servers or other switches. The Switch discards DHCP packets from trusted ports only if the rate at which DHCP packets arrive is too high. The Switch learns dynamic bindings from trusted ports. The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.
Page 173: Arp Inspection Overview
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.1.1.3 DHCP Relay Option 82 Information The Switch can add information to DHCP requests that it does not discard. This provides the DHCP server more information about the source of the requests. The Switch can add the following information: •...
Page 174 Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.1.2.1 ARP Inspection and MAC Address Filters When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet.
Page 175: Ip Source Guard
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.2 IP Source Guard Use this screen to look at the current bindings for DHCP snooping and ARP inspection. Bindings are used by DHCP snooping and ARP inspection to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized packets in the network. The Switch learns the bindings by snooping DHCP packets (dynamic bindings) and from information provided manually by administrators (static bindings).
Page 176: Figure 89 Ip Source Guard Static Binding
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Figure 89 IP Source Guard Static Binding The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 58 IP Source Guard Static Binding LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Address Enter the source MAC address in the binding. IP Address Enter the IP address assigned to the MAC address in the binding.
Page 177: Dhcp Snooping
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.4 DHCP Snooping Use this screen to look at various statistics about the DHCP snooping database. To open this screen, click Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping. Figure 90 DHCP Snooping ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 178: Table 59 Dhcp Snooping
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 59 DHCP Snooping LABEL DESCRIPTION Database Status This section displays the current settings for the DHCP snooping database. You can configure them in the DHCP Snooping Configure screen.
Page 179 Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Table 59 DHCP Snooping (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Successful writes This field displays the number of times the Switch updated the bindings in the DHCP snooping database successfully. Failed writes This field displays the number of times the Switch was unable to update the bindings in the DHCP snooping database.
Page 180: Dhcp Snooping Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.5 DHCP Snooping Configure Use this screen to enable DHCP snooping on the Switch (not on specific VLAN), specify the VLAN where the default DHCP server is located, and configure the DHCP snooping database. The DHCP snooping database stores the current bindings on a secure, external TFTP server so that they are still available after a restart.
Page 181: Dhcp Snooping Port Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Table 60 DHCP Snooping Configure (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Database If Timeout interval is greater than Write delay interval, it is possible that the next update is scheduled to occur before the current update has finished successfully or timed out. In this case, the Switch waits to start the next update until it completes the current one.
Page 182: Figure 92 Dhcp Snooping Port Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Figure 92 DHCP Snooping Port Configure The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 DHCP Snooping Port Configure LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This field displays the port number. If you configure the * port, the settings are applied to all of the ports.
Page 183: Dhcp Snooping Vlan Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.5.2 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure Use this screen to enable DHCP snooping on each VLAN and to specify whether or not the Switch adds DHCP relay agent option 82 information (Chapter 25 on page 209) to DHCP requests that the Switch relays to a DHCP server for each VLAN.
Page 184: Arp Inspection Status
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.6 ARP Inspection Status Use this screen to look at the current list of MAC address filters that were created because the Switch identified an unauthorized ARP packet. When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet.
Page 185: Arp Inspection Vlan Status
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.6.1 ARP Inspection VLAN Status Use this screen to look at various statistics about ARP packets in each VLAN. To open this screen, click Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > VLAN Status.
Page 186: Figure 96 Arp Inspection Log Status
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Figure 96 ARP Inspection Log Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 65 ARP Inspection Log Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Clearing log status table Click Apply to remove all the log messages that were generated by ARP packets and that have not been sent to the syslog server yet.
Page 187: Arp Inspection Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard 21.7 ARP Inspection Configure Use this screen to enable ARP inspection on the Switch. You can also configure the length of time the Switch stores records of discarded ARP packets and global settings for the ARP inspection log.
Page 188: Arp Inspection Port Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard Table 66 ARP Inspection Configure (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Syslog rate Enter the maximum number of syslog messages the Switch can send to the syslog server in one batch. This number is expressed as a rate because the batch frequency is determined by the Log Interval.
Page 189: Arp Inspection Vlan Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 67 ARP Inspection Port Configure LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This field displays the port number. If you configure the * port, the settings are applied to all of the ports. Trusted State Select whether this port is a trusted port (Trusted) or an untrusted port (Untrusted).
Page 190: Table 68 Arp Inspection Vlan Configure
Chapter 21 IP Source Guard The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 68 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Use this section to specify the VLANs you want to manage in the section below. Start VID Enter the lowest VLAN ID you want to manage in the section below.
Page 191: Loop Guard
H A P T E R Loop Guard This chapter shows you how to configure the Switch to guard against loops on the edge of your network. 22.1 Loop Guard Overview Loop guard allows you to configure the Switch to shut down a port if it detects that packets sent out on that port loop back to the Switch.
Page 192: Figure 101 Switch In Loop State
Chapter 22 Loop Guard The following figure shows port N on switch A connected to switch B. Switch B is in loop state. When broadcast or multicast packets leave port N and reach switch B, they are sent back to port N on A as they are rebroadcast from B. Figure 101 Switch in Loop State The loop guard feature checks to see if a loop guard enabled port is connected to a switch in loop state.
Page 193: Loop Guard Setup
Chapter 22 Loop Guard After resolving the loop problem on your network you can re-activate the disabled port via the web configurator (see Section 7.7 on page 76) or via commands (See the CLI Reference Guide). 22.2 Loop Guard Setup Click Advanced Application >...
Page 194 Chapter 22 Loop Guard Table 69 Advanced Application > Loop Guard (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable the loop guard feature on this port. The Switch sends probe packets from this port to check if the switch it is connected to is in loop state. If the switch that this port is connected is in loop state the Switch will shut down this port.
Page 195: Ip Application
IP Application Static Route (197) Differentiated Services (201) DHCP (209)
Page 197: Static Route
H A P T E R Static Route This chapter shows you how to configure static routes. 23.1 Static Routing Overview The Switch uses IP for communication with management computers, for example using HTTP, telnet, SSH, or SNMP. Use IP static routes to have the Switch respond to remote management stations that are not reachable through the default gateway.
Page 198: Figure 106 Ip Application > Static Routing
Chapter 23 Static Route Figure 106 IP Application > Static Routing The following table describes the related labels you use to create a static route. Table 70 IP Application > Static Routing LABEL DESCRIPTION Active This field allows you to activate/deactivate this static route. Name Enter a descriptive name (up to 10 printable ASCII characters) for identification purposes.
Page 199 Chapter 23 Static Route Table 70 IP Application > Static Routing (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Gateway This field displays the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate Address neighbor of your Switch that will forward the packet to the destination. Metric This field displays the cost of transmission for routing purposes.
Page 200 Chapter 23 Static Route ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 201: Differentiated Services
H A P T E R Differentiated Services This chapter shows you how to configure Differentiated Services (DiffServ) on the Switch. 24.1 DiffServ Overview Quality of Service (QoS) is used to prioritize source-to-destination traffic flows. All packets in the flow are given the same priority. You can use CoS (class of service) to give different priorities to different packet types.
Page 202: Diffserv Network Example
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services 24.1.2 DiffServ Network Example The following figure depicts a DiffServ network consisting of a group of directly connected DiffServ-compliant network devices. The boundary node (A in Figure 108) in a DiffServ network classifies (marks with a DSCP value) the incoming packets into different traffic flows (Platinum, Gold, Silver, Bronze) based on the configured marking rules.
Page 203: Trtcm - Color-Blind Mode
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services • Green (low loss priority level) packets are forwarded. trTCM operates in one of two modes: color-blind or color-aware. In color-blind mode, packets are marked based on evaluating against the PIR and CIR regardless of if they have previously been marked or not.
Page 204: Activating Diffserv
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services 24.3 Activating DiffServ Activate DiffServ to apply marking rules or IEEE 802.1p priority mapping on the selected port(s). Click IP Application > DiffServ in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown. Figure 111 IP Application > DiffServ The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 205: Figure 112 Ip Application > Diffserv > 2-Rate 3 Color Marker
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services You cannot enable both trTCM and Bandwidth Control at the same time. Figure 112 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 72 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker LABEL DESCRIPTION Active...
Page 206: Dscp-To-Ieee 802.1P Priority Settings
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services Table 72 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION DSCP Use this section to specify the DSCP values that you want to assign to packets based on the color they are marked via trTCM. green Specify the DSCP value to use for packets with low packet loss priority.
Page 207: Table 74 Ip Application > Diffserv > Dscp Setting
Chapter 24 Differentiated Services The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 74 IP Application > DiffServ > DSCP Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION 0 … 63 This is the DSCP classification identification number. To set the IEEE 802.1p priority mapping, select the priority level from the drop-down list box.
Page 208 Chapter 24 Differentiated Services ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 209: Dhcp
H A P T E R DHCP This chapter shows you how to configure the DHCP feature. 25.1 DHCP Overview DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual computers to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the Switch as a DHCP server or a DHCP relay agent.
Page 210: Dhcp Relay
Chapter 25 DHCP Figure 114 IP Application > DHCP Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 75 IP Application > DHCP LABEL DESCRIPTION Relay Mode This field displays: • None - if the Switch is not configured as a DHCP relay agent. •...
Page 211: Configuring Dhcp Global Relay
Chapter 25 DHCP Table 76 Relay Agent Information FIELD LABELS DESCRIPTION VLAN ID (2 bytes) This is the VLAN that the port belongs to. Information (up to 64 bytes) This optional, read-only field is set according to system name set in Basic Settings > General Setup. 25.3.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay Configure global DHCP relay in the DHCP Relay screen.
Page 212: Global Dhcp Relay Configuration Example
Chapter 25 DHCP 25.3.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example The follow figure shows a network example where the Switch is used to relay DHCP requests for the VLAN1 and VLAN2 domains. There is only one DHCP server that services the DHCP clients in both domains.
Page 213: Figure 118 Ip Application > Dhcp > Vlan
Chapter 25 DHCP You must set up a management IP address for each VLAN that you want to configure DHCP settings for on the Switch. Section 7.6 on page 73 for information on how to set up management IP addresses for VLANs.
Page 214: Example: Dhcp Relay For Two Vlans
Chapter 25 DHCP Table 78 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION DHCP Status For DHCP relay configuration, this field displays the first remote DHCP server IP address. Delete Select the configuration entries you want to remove and click Delete to remove them. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the Delete check boxes.
Page 215: Management
Management Maintenance (217) Access Control (223) Diagnostic (241) Syslog (243) Cluster Management (247) MAC Table (253) ARP Table (255) Configure Clone (257)
Page 217: Maintenance
H A P T E R Maintenance This chapter explains how to configure the screens that let you maintain the firmware and configuration files. 26.1 The Maintenance Screen Use this screen to manage firmware and your configuration files. Click Management > Maintenance in the navigation panel to open the following screen.
Page 218: Load Factory Default
Chapter 26 Maintenance Table 79 Management > Maintenance (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Save Click Config 1 to save the current configuration settings to Configuration 1 on the Configuration Switch. Click Config 2 to save the current configuration settings to Configuration 2 on the Switch.
Page 219: Reboot System
Chapter 26 Maintenance 26.4 Reboot System Reboot System allows you to restart the Switch without physically turning the power off. It also allows you to load configuration one (Config 1) or configuration two (Config 2) when you reboot. Follow the steps below to reboot the Switch. 1 In the Maintenance screen, click the Config 1 button next to Reboot System to reboot and load configuration one.
Page 220: Restore A Configuration File
Chapter 26 Maintenance 26.6 Restore a Configuration File Restore a previously saved configuration from your computer to the Switch using the Restore Configuration screen. Figure 125 Management > Maintenance > Restore Configuration Type the path and file name of the configuration file you wish to restore in the File Path text box or click Browse to locate it.
Page 221: Ftp Command Line
Switch’s settings, they can be saved back to your computer under a filename of your choosing. ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System sometimes referred to as the “ras” file) is the system firmware and has a “bin” filename extension.
Page 222: Gui-Based Ftp Clients
Chapter 26 Maintenance 5 Enter to set transfer mode to binary. 6 Use to transfer files from the computer to the Switch, for example, transfers the firmware on your computer (firmware.bin) to the firmware.bin ras Switch and renames it to “ras”. Similarly, transfers the put config.cfg config configuration file on your computer (config.cfg) to the Switch and renames it to...
Page 223: Access Control
H A P T E R Access Control This chapter describes how to control access to the Switch. 27.1 Access Control Overview A console port and FTP are allowed one session each, Telnet and SSH share nine sessions, up to five Web sessions (five different usernames and passwords) and/or limitless SNMP access control sessions are allowed.
Page 224: About Snmp
Chapter 27 Access Control 27.3 About SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application layer protocol used to manage and monitor TCP/IP-based devices. SNMP is used to exchange management information between the network management system (NMS) and a network element (NE). A manager station can manage and monitor the Switch through the network via SNMP version one (SNMPv1), SNMP version 2c or SNMP version 3.
Page 225: Snmp V3 And Security
Chapter 27 Access Control 27.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security SNMP v3 enhances security for SNMP management. SNMP managers can be required to authenticate with agents before conducting SNMP management sessions. Security can be further enhanced by encrypting the SNMP messages sent from the managers. Encryption protects the contents of the SNMP messages.
Page 226: Table 84 Snmp Interfacetraps
Chapter 27 Access Control Table 83 SNMP System Traps (continued) OPTION OBJECT LABEL OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION temperature TemperatureEventOn 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.5.8.23.31.2.1 This trap is sent when the temperature goes above or below the normal operating range. TemperatureEventClear 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.5.8.23.31.2.2 This trap is sent when the temperature returns to the normal operating range.
Page 227: Table 85 Aaa Traps
Chapter 27 Access Control Table 84 SNMP InterfaceTraps (continued) OPTION OBJECT LABEL OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION autonegotiation AutonegotiationFailedEvent 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.5.8.23.31.2.1 This trap is sent when an Ethernet interface fails to auto- negotiate with the peer Ethernet interafce. AutonegotiationFailedEvent 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.5.8.23.31.2.2 This trap is sent when an Clear Ethernet interface auto- negotiates with the peer...
Page 228: Configuring Snmp
Chapter 27 Access Control Table 87 SNMP Switch Traps OPTION OBJECT LABEL OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION STPNewRoot 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.1 This trap is sent when the STP root switch changes. MSTPNewRoot 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.5.8.23.107.7 This trap is sent when the MSTP root switch changes. STPTopologyChange 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.2 This trap is sent when the STP topology changes.
Page 229: Figure 129 Management > Access Control > Snmp
Chapter 27 Access Control Figure 129 Management > Access Control > SNMP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 88 Management > Access Control > SNMP LABEL DESCRIPTION General Setting Use this section to specify the SNMP version and community (password) values. Version Select the SNMP version for the Switch.
Page 230: Configuring Snmp Trap Group
Chapter 27 Access Control Table 88 Management > Access Control > SNMP (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Port Enter the port number upon which the manager listens for SNMP traps. Username Enter the username to be sent to the SNMP manager along with the SNMP v3 trap.
Page 231: Setting Up Login Accounts
Chapter 27 Access Control Figure 130 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 89 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group LABEL DESCRIPTION Trap Destination Select one of your configured trap destination IP addresses. These are the IP addresses of the SNMP managers.
Page 232: Figure 131 Management > Access Control > Logins
Chapter 27 Access Control • A non-administrator (username is something other than admin) is someone who can view but not configure Switch settings. Click Management > Access Control > Logins to view the screen as shown next. Figure 131 Management > Access Control > Logins The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 233: Ssh Overview
Chapter 27 Access Control 27.4 SSH Overview Unlike Telnet or FTP, which transmit data in clear text, SSH (Secure Shell) is a secure communication protocol that combines authentication and data encryption to provide secure encrypted communication between two hosts over an unsecured network. Figure 132 SSH Communication Example 27.5 How SSH works The following table summarizes how a secure connection is established between two remote...
Page 234: Ssh Implementation On The Switch
Chapter 27 Access Control 2 Encryption Method Once the identification is verified, both the client and server must agree on the type of encryption method to use. 3 Authentication and Data Transmission After the identification is verified and data encryption activated, a secure tunnel is established between the client and the server.
Page 235: Https Example
Chapter 27 Access Control Figure 134 HTTPS Implementation If you disable HTTP in the Service Access Control screen, then the Switch blocks all HTTP connection attempts. 27.8 HTTPS Example If you haven’t changed the default HTTPS port on the Switch, then in your browser enter “https://Switch IP Address/”...
Page 236: Netscape Navigator Warning Messages
Chapter 27 Access Control 27.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages When you attempt to access the Switch HTTPS server, a Website Certified by an Unknown Authority screen pops up asking if you trust the server certificate. Click Examine Certificate if you want to verify that the certificate is from the Switch. If Accept this certificate temporarily for this session is selected, then click OK to continue in Netscape.
Page 237: Service Port Access Control
Chapter 27 Access Control Figure 138 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection EXAMPLE 27.9 Service Port Access Control Service Access Control allows you to decide what services you may use to access the Switch. You may also change the default service port and configure “trusted computer(s)” for each service in the Remote Management screen (discussed later).
Page 238: Remote Management
Chapter 27 Access Control The following table describes the fields in this screen. Table 91 Management > Access Control > Service Access Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Services Services you may use to access the Switch are listed here. Active Select this option for the corresponding services that you want to allow to access the Switch.
Page 239 Chapter 27 Access Control Table 92 Management > Access Control > Remote Management (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Start Address Configure the IP address range of trusted computers from which you can manage this Switch. End Address The Switch checks if the client IP address of a computer requesting a service or protocol matches the range set here.
Page 240 Chapter 27 Access Control ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 241: Diagnostic
H A P T E R Diagnostic This chapter explains the Diagnostic screen. 28.1 Diagnostic Click Management > Diagnostic in the navigation panel to open this screen. Use this screen to check system logs, ping IP addresses or perform port tests. Figure 141 Management >...
Page 242 Chapter 28 Diagnostic ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 243: Syslog
H A P T E R Syslog This chapter explains the syslog screens. 29.1 Syslog Overview The syslog protocol allows devices to send event notification messages across an IP network to syslog servers that collect the event messages. A syslog-enabled device can generate a syslog message and send it to a syslog server.
Page 244: Syslog Server Setup
Chapter 29 Syslog Figure 142 Management > Syslog The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 95 Management > Syslog LABEL DESCRIPTION Syslog Select Active to turn on syslog (system logging) and then configure the syslog setting Logging Type This column displays the names of the categories of logs that the device can generate.
Page 245: Figure 143 Management > Syslog > Syslog Server Setup
Chapter 29 Syslog Figure 143 Management > Syslog > Syslog Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 96 Management > Syslog > Syslog Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to have the device send logs to this syslog server. Clear the check box if you want to create a syslog server entry but not have the device send logs to it (you can edit the entry later).
Page 246 Chapter 29 Syslog ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 247: Cluster Management
Table 97 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications Maximum number of cluster members Cluster Member Models Must be compatible with ZyXEL cluster management implementation. Cluster Manager The switch through which you manage the cluster member switches.
Page 248: Cluster Management Status
Chapter 30 Cluster Management Figure 144 Clustering Application Example 30.2 Cluster Management Status Click Management > Cluster Management in the navigation panel to display the following screen. A cluster can only have one manager. Figure 145 Management > Cluster Management: Status ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 249: Cluster Member Switch Management
Chapter 30 Cluster Management The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 98 Management > Cluster Management: Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Status This field displays the role of this Switch within the cluster. Manager Member (you see this if you access this screen in the cluster member switch directly and not via the cluster manager) None (neither a manager nor a member of a cluster) Manager...
Page 250: Clustering Management Configuration
Chapter 30 Cluster Management 30.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch You can use FTP to upload firmware to a cluster member switch through the cluster manager switch as shown in the following example. Figure 147 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch C:\>ftp 192.168.1.1 Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Page 251: Figure 148 Management > Cluster Management > Configuration
Chapter 30 Cluster Management Figure 148 Management > Cluster Management > Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 100 Management > Cluster Management > Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Clustering Manager Active Select Active to have this Switch become the cluster manager switch. A cluster can only have one manager.
Page 252 Chapter 30 Cluster Management Table 100 Management > Cluster Management > Configuration (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 253: Mac Table
H A P T E R MAC Table This chapter introduces the MAC Table screen. 31.1 MAC Table Overview The MAC Table screen (a MAC table is also known as a filtering database) shows how frames are forwarded or filtered across the Switch’s ports. It shows what device MAC address, belonging to what VLAN group (if any) is forwarded to which port(s) and whether the MAC address is dynamic (learned by the Switch) or static (manually entered in the Static MAC Forwarding screen).
Page 254: Viewing The Mac Table
Chapter 31 MAC Table 31.2 Viewing the MAC Table Click Management > MAC Table in the navigation panel to display the following screen. Figure 150 Management > MAC Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 101 Management > MAC Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Sort by...
Page 255: Arp Table
H A P T E R ARP Table This chapter introduces ARP Table. 32.1 ARP Table Overview Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC address, on the local area network.
Page 256: Figure 151 Management > Arp Table
Chapter 32 ARP Table Figure 151 Management > ARP Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 102 Management > ARP Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the ARP Table entry number. IP Address This is the learned IP address of a device connected to a Switch port with corresponding MAC address below.
Page 257: Configure Clone
H A P T E R Configure Clone This chapter shows you how you can copy the settings of one port onto other ports. 33.1 Configure Clone Cloning allows you to copy the basic and advanced settings from a source port to a destination port or ports.
Page 258: Table 103 Management > Configure Clone
Chapter 33 Configure Clone The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 103 Management > Configure Clone LABEL DESCRIPTION Source/ Enter the source port under the Source label. This port’s attributes are copied. Destination Enter the destination port or ports under the Destination label. These are the ports Port which are going to have the same attributes as the source port.
Page 259: Troubleshooting & Product Specifications
Troubleshooting & Product Specifications Troubleshooting (261) Product Specifications (265)
Page 261: Troubleshooting
H A P T E R Troubleshooting This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories. • Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs • Switch Access and Login 34.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs The Switch does not turn on.
Page 262: Switch Access And Login
Chapter 34 Troubleshooting 34.2 Switch Access and Login I forgot the IP address for the Switch. 1 The default IP address is 192.168.1.1. 2 Use the console port to log in to the Switch. 3 Use the MGMT port to log in to the Switch, the default IP address of the MGMT port is 192.168.0.1.
Page 263 Chapter 34 Troubleshooting I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the Switch. 1 Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly. The default user name is admin, and the default password is 1234. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
Page 264 Chapter 34 Troubleshooting ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 265: Product Specifications
H A P T E R Product Specifications The following tables summarize the Switch’s hardware and firmware features. Table 104 Hardware Specifications SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Dimensions 438 mm (W) x 300 mm (D) x 44.45 mm (H) Standard 19” rack mountable Weight 4.2Kg Power Specification...
Page 266 Chapter 35 Product Specifications Table 105 Firmware Specifications FEATURE DESCRIPTION Default Password 1234 Number of Login Accounts 4 management accounts configured on the Switch. Configurable on the Switch Authentication via RADIUS and TACACS+ also available. VLAN A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks.
Page 267 The Switch can generate syslog messages and send it to a syslog server. Firmware Upgrade Download new firmware (when available) from the ZyXEL web site and use the web configurator, CLI or an FTP/TFTP tool to put it on the Switch.
Page 268: Table 106 Feature Specifications
Chapter 35 Product Specifications Table 106 Feature Specifications Layer 2 Bridging 16K MAC addresses Features Static MAC address filtering by source/destination Broadcast storm control Static MAC address forwarding Switching Switching fabric: 13.6 Gbps, non-blocking Max. Frame size: 9 K bytes Forwarding frame: IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.1q, Ethernet II, PPPoE Prevent the forwarding of corrupted packets IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
Page 269 Chapter 35 Product Specifications Table 107 Standards Supported (continued) STANDARD DESCRIPTION RFC 894 Ethernet II Encapsulation RFC 1112 IGMP v1 RFC 1155 RFC 1157 SNMPv1: Simple Network Management Protocol version 1 RFC 1213 SNMP MIB II RFC 1305 Network Time Protocol (NTP version 3) RFC 1441 SNMPv2 Simple Network Management Protocol version 2 RFC 1493...
Page 270: Cable Pin Assignments
Chapter 35 Product Specifications Table 107 Standards Supported (continued) STANDARD DESCRIPTION IEEE 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintanence) IEEE 802.3x Flow Control IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-X For optical fiber link 1000BASE-SX/LX. Safety UL 60950-1 CSA 60950-1 EN 60950-1...
Page 271: Table 108 Console/Dial Backup Port Pin Assignments
Chapter 35 Product Specifications Table 108 Console/Dial Backup Port Pin Assignments CONSOLE Port RS – 232 (Female) DB-9F DIAL BACKUP RS – 232 (Male) DB-9M (Not on all models) Pin 1 = NON Pin 1 = NON Pin 2 = DCE-TXD Pin 2 = DTE-RXD Pin 3 = DCE –RXD Pin 3 = DTE-TXD...
Page 272 Chapter 35 Product Specifications ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 273: Appendices And Index
Appendices and Index IP Addresses and Subnetting (275) Common Services (285) Legal Information (289) Customer Support (293) Index (299)
Page 275: Appendix A Ip Addresses And Subnetting
P P E N D I X IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network.
Page 276: Figure 154 Network Number And Host Id
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Figure 154 Network Number and Host ID How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask. Subnet Masks A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation).
Page 277: Table 111 Subnet Masks
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks. Table 111 Subnet Masks BINARY DECIMAL 4TH OCTET OCTET...
Page 278: Figure 155 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 113 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation (continued) ALTERNATIVE LAST OCTET LAST OCTET SUBNET MASK NOTATION (BINARY) (DECIMAL) 255.255.255.192 1100 0000 255.255.255.224 1110 0000 255.255.255.240 1111 0000 255.255.255.248 1111 1000 255.255.255.252 1111 1100 Subnetting You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons.
Page 279: Figure 156 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Figure 156 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 2 – 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).
Page 280: Table 115 Subnet 2
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 115 Subnet 2 LAST OCTET BIT IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER VALUE IP Address 192.168.1. IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000 Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Subnet Address: Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.64 Broadcast Address: Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126 192.168.1.127 Table 116 Subnet 3...
Page 281: Table 119 24-Bit Network Number Subnet Planning
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 118 Eight Subnets (continued) SUBNET LAST BROADCAST SUBNET FIRST ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number. Table 119 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO.
Page 282: Configuring Ip Addresses
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 120 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning (continued) NO. “BORROWED” NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS HOST BITS SUBNET 255.255.255.252 (/30) 16384 255.255.255.254 (/31) 32768 Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
Page 283: Figure 157 Conflicting Computer Ip Addresses Example
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting IP Address Conflicts Each device on a network must have a unique IP address. Devices with duplicate IP addresses on the same network will not be able to access the Internet or other resources. The devices may also be unreachable through the network.
Page 284: Figure 159 Conflicting Computer And Router Ip Addresses Example
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP address. In the following example, the computer and the router’s LAN port both use 192.168.1.1 as the IP address. The computer cannot access the Internet.
Page 285: Appendix B Common Services
7648 A popular videoconferencing solution from White Pines Software. 24032 TCP/UDP Domain Name Server, a service that matches web names (for example www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers. User-Defined The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security (IPSEC_TUNNEL) Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this service. FINGER...
Page 286 Appendix B Common Services Table 121 Commonly Used Services (continued) NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION File Transfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail. H.323 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol. HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/ server protocol for the world wide web.
Page 287 Appendix B Common Services Table 121 Commonly Used Services (continued) NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION RTELNET Remote Telnet. RTSP TCP/UDP The Real Time Streaming (media control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet. SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the message-exchange standard for the...
Page 288 Appendix B Common Services ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 289: Appendix C Legal Information
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.
Page 290: Zyxel Limited Warranty
3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page. ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During...
Page 291 Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Page 292 Appendix C Legal Information ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 293: Appendix D Customer Support
• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.cr • Telephone: +506-2017878 • Fax: +506-2015098 • Web: www.zyxel.co.cr • FTP: ftp.zyxel.co.cr • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Costa Rica, Plaza Roble Escazú, Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso, San José, Costa Rica Czech Republic • E-mail: info@cz.zyxel.com • Telephone: +420-241-091-350 •...
Page 294 • E-mail: info@zyxel.fr • Telephone: +33-4-72-52-97-97 • Fax: +33-4-72-52-19-20 • Web: www.zyxel.fr • Regular Mail: ZyXEL France, 1 rue des Vergers, Bat. 1 / C, 69760 Limonest, France Germany • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.de • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.de • Telephone: +49-2405-6909-69 •...
Page 295 • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.in • Telephone: +91-11-30888144 to +91-11-30888153 • Fax: +91-11-30888149, +91-11-26810715 • Web: http://www.zyxel.in • Regular Mail: India - ZyXEL Technology India Pvt Ltd., II-Floor, F2/9 Okhla Phase -1, New Delhi 110020, India Japan • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.co.jp •...
Page 296 Appendix D Customer Support • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Inc., 1130 N. Miller St., Anaheim, CA 92806- 2001, U.S.A. Norway • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.no • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.no • Telephone: +47-22-80-61-80 • Fax: +47-22-80-61-81 • Web: www.zyxel.no • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Nils Hansens vei 13, 0667 Oslo, Norway Poland •...
Page 297 • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.co.th • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.th • Telephone: +662-831-5315 • Fax: +662-831-5395 • Web: http://www.zyxel.co.th • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Thailand Co., Ltd., 1/1 Moo 2, Ratchaphruk Road, Bangrak-Noi, Muang, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. Ukraine • Support E-mail: support@ua.zyxel.com • Sales E-mail: sales@ua.zyxel.com •...
Page 298 Appendix D Customer Support ES-2048 User’s Guide...
Page 299: Index
Index Index Numerics 802.1P priority back up, configuration file bandwidth control 115, 268 egress rate ingress rate setup basic settings binding binding table AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) building BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) access control Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) limitations login account bridging...
Page 300 Index configuration file DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) backup dual personality interfaces restore 54, 220 dynamic link aggregation saving configuration, saving console port settings contact information copying port settings, See port cloning egress port copyright egress rate, and bandwidth control CPU management port Ethernet broadcast address current date Ethernet port test...
Page 301 Index GARP terminology IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) GARP timer 72, 82 IGMP filtering profile GBIC profiles general features IGMP snooping general setup and VLANs getting help gigabit ports setup LEDs ingress port GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) ingress rate, and bandwidth control GVRP 82, 87 interfaces...
Page 302 Index configuring via web configurator transceiver removal multiple mirroring ports number of monitor port 119, 120 login password mounting brackets loop guard MSA (MultiSource Agreement) examples MST ID port shut down MST Instance, See MSTI setup MST region vs STP MSTI MSTP 101, 103...
Page 303 Index administrator isolate traffic priority Peak Information Rate (PIR) PVID 81, 87 PHB (Per-Hop Behavior) PVID (Priority Frame) ping, test connection PIR (Peak Information Rate) port authentication and RADIUS IEEE802.1x 131, 160, 162 MAC authentication port based VLAN type port cloning 257, 258 queue weight advanced settings...
Page 304 Index port details power safety certifications VLAN safety warnings 101, 268 save configuration 53, 218 bridge ID bridge priority screen summary configuration Secure Shell See SSH designated bridge security forwarding delay service access control Hello BPDU service port Hello Time 108, 109 Simple Network Management Protocol, see SNMP how it works...
Page 305 WFQ (Weighted Fair Queuing) ARP inspection WRR (Weighted Round Robin Scheduling DHCP snooping user profiles ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) Vendor Specific Attribute See VSA 81, 84, 85 number of possible VIDs priority frame VID (VLAN Identifier) VLAN...
Page 306 Index ES-2048 User’s Guide...

ZyXEL Communications Dimension ES-2048 User Manual

Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch

Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection

Chapter 3 Hardware Overview

Chapter 4 The Web Configurator

Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example

Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics

Chapter 7 Basic Setting

Chapter 8 VLAN

Chapter 9 Static MAC Forward Setup

Chapter 10 Filtering

Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol

Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control

Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control

Chapter 14 Mirroring

Chapter 15 Link Aggregation

Chapter 16 Port Authentication

Chapter 17 Port Security

Chapter 18 Queuing Method

Chapter 19 Multicast

Chapter 20 Authentication & Accounting

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

Related Manuals for ZyXEL Communications Dimension ES-2048

Summary of Contents for ZyXEL Communications Dimension ES-2048