1. General Information Thanks for purchasing a camera of the Baumer family. This User´s Guide describes how to connect, set up and use the camera. Read this manual carefully and observe the notes and safety instructions! Target group for this User´s Guide This User's Guide is aimed at experienced users, which want to integrate camera(s) into a vision system.
2. General safety instructions Observe the the following safety instruction when using the camera to avoid any damage or injuries. Caution Provide adequate dissipation of heat, to ensure that the temperature does not exceed +50 °C (+122 °F). The surface of the camera may be hot during operation and immediately after use. Be careful when handling the camera and avoid contact over a ...
5.3 Flange Focal Distance 6. Installation Lens mounting Notice Avoid contamination of the sensor and the lens by dust and airborne particles when mounting the support or the lens to the device! Therefore the following points are very important: ▪ Install the camera in an environment that is as dust free as possible! ▪...
+50 °C (+122 °F) at temperature measurment point T. The surface of the camera may be hot during operation and immediately after use. Be careful when handling the camera and avoid contact over a longer period. As there are numerous possibilities for installation, Baumer do not specifiy a specific method for proper heat dissipation, but suggest the following prin- ciples: ▪ operate the cameras only in mounted condition ▪ mounting in combination with forced convection may provide proper heat dissipation ◄ Figure 2...
7. Process- and Data Interface 7.1 Pin-Assignment Interface Notice The Data Port supports Power over Ethernet (36 VDC .. 57 VDC). Data / Control 1000 Base-T LED1 LED2 1 MX1+ (green/white) MX3- (blue/white) (negative/positive V port 2 MX1- (green) MX2- (orange) (negative/positive V (positive/negative V port...
7.3 LED Signaling Figure 3 ► LED positions on Baumer LXG cameras. Signal Meaning green on Power on, link good green blinking Power on, no link red on Error Camera LED Warning red blinking (update in progress, don’t switch off) yellow Readout active...
8. Product Specifications 8.1 Sensor Specifications 8.1.1 Quantum Efficiency for Baumer LXG - Cameras with VisualApplets The quantum efficiency characteristics of Baumer LXG - cameras with VisualApplets are displayed in the following graphs. Values relating to the respective technical data sheets of the sensors manufacturer. 1000 1100 1000 Wave Length [nm] Wavelength [nm] LXG-20C.P LXG-20M.PS (CMV2000 V3) (CMV2000 V3) 1050 LXG-40M.P...
Mono 1050 LXG-200M.P Wave Length [nm] Figure 4 ► (CMV-20000) Quantum efficiency for Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets� 8.1.2 Shutter All cameras of the LXG - camera with VisualApplets series are equipped with a global shutter. Microlens Figure 5 ► Pixel Structure of an imag- Active Area (Photodiode)
(t ) is given by the particular sensor and image format. readout Baumer cameras can be operated with two modes, the Free Running Mode and the Trigger Mode. The cameras can be operated non-overlapped or overlapped. Depending on the mode...
8.2.2 Trigger Mode After a specified external event (trigger) has occurred, image acquisition is started. De- pending on the interval of triggers used, the camera operates non-overlapped or over- lapped in this mode. With regard to timings in the trigger mode, the following basic formulas need to be taken into consideration: Case Formula earliestpossibletrigger(n+1) readout(n) exposure(n+1) < t exposure readout notready(n+1) exposure(n) readout(n) exposure(n+1) earliestpossibletrigger(n+1) exposure(n) > t exposure readout notready(n+1)
8.2.2.2 Overlapped Operation: t > t exposure(n+2) exposure(n+1) If the exposure time (t ) is increased from the current acquisition to the next acquisi- exposure tion, the time the camera is unable to process occuring trigger signals (t ) is scaled notready down.
8.2.2.3 Overlapped Operation: t < t exposure(n+2) exposure(n+1) If the exposure time (t ) is decreased from the current acquisition to the next acquisi- exposure tion, the time the camera is unable to process occuring trigger signals (t ) is scaled notready When decreasing the t such, that t...
8.2.2.4 Non-overlapped Operation If the frequency of the trigger signal is selected for long enough, so that the image acquisi- tions (t ) run successively, the camera operates non-overlapped. exposure readout Trigger triggerdelay exposure(n) exposure(n+1) Exposure Timings: A - exposure time frame (n) effective B - image parameters frame (n) effective...
For LXG cameras with VisualApplets Baumer GAPI SDK v 2.3 SP1 and higher is required. 9.2 3 Party Software Strict compliance with the GenICam™ standard allows Baumer to offer the use of 3 Party Software for operation with cameras. You can find a current listing of 3 Party Software, which was tested successfully in com- bination with Baumer cameras, at...
Camera Functionalities 10.1 Image Acquisition 10.1.1 Image Format The cameras support the native resolution of the sensor. In ROI mode the resolution (horizontal and vertical dimensions in pixels) can be adjusted. Binning and Decimation are not available but can be implemented within VisualApplets if required.
10.1.2 Pixel Format On Baumer digital cameras the pixel format depends on the selected image format. 10.1.2.1 Pixel Formats on Baumer LXG - Cameras with VisualApplets Camera Type Monochrome LXG-20M.PS ■ ■ ■ □ □ □ □ LXG-40M.P ■ ■ □ □ □ □ □ LXG-120M.PS ■ ■ ■ □ □ □...
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RGB: Color model, in which all detectable colors are defined by three coordinates, Red, Green and Blue. White Black Figure 9 ► Green RBG color space dis- Blue played as color tube. The three coordinates are displayed within the buffer in the order R, G, B. BGR: Here the color alignment mirrors RGB. YUV: Color model, which is used in the PAL TV standard and in image compression. In YUV, a high bandwidth luminance signal (Y: luma information) is transmitted together with two color difference signals with low bandwidth (U and V: chroma information).
Incidence light causes charge separa- tion on the semiconduc- The signal strength is influenced by the incoming amount of photons. It can be increased tors of the sensor. by increasing the exposure time (t exposure On Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets, the exposure time can be set within the fol- lowing ranges (step size 1μsec): Camera Type exposure exposure LXG-20C.P 29 μsec 1 sec LXG-20M.PS...
10.1.5 HDR Beside the standard linear response the sensor supports a special high dynamic range mode (HDR) called piecewise linear response. With this mode illuminated pixels that reach a certain programmable voltage level will be clipped. Darker pixels that do not reach this threshold remain unchanged. The clipping can be adjusted two times within a single exposure by configuring the respective time slices and clipping voltage levels. See the figure below for details. In this mode, the values for t , Pot and Pot can be edited. Expo0 Expo1 The value for t will be calculated automatically in the camera. (t Expo2 Expo2 exposure...
10.1.6 Region of Interest (ROI) With this functions it is possible to predefine a so-called Region of Interest (ROI) or Partial Scan. The ROI is an area of pixels of the sensor. After image acquisition, only the informa- tion of these pixels is sent to the PC. This functions is turned on, when only a region of the field of view is of interest. It is coupled to a reduction in resolution and increases the frame rate.
10.1.6.1 ROI Readout (Region 0) For the sensor readout time of the ROI, the horizontal subdivision of the sensor is unim- portant – only the vertical subdivision is of importance. Notice The activation of ROI turns off all Multi-ROIs. Start ROI End ROI Figure 15 ►...
10.2 Analog Controls 10.2.1 Offset / Black Level On Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets the offset (or black level) is adjustable. Camera Type 1 step = 4 LSB Relating to [bit] LXG-20C.P 0 ... 63 LSB | 10 bit LXG-20M.PS 0 ... 63 LSB | 10 bit LXG-40M.P 0 ... 63 LSB | 10 bit LXG-120M.PS 0 ... 63 LSB | 10 bit LXG-120M.P 0 .. 255 LSB | 10 Bit LXG-200M.P 0 .. 255 LSB | 10 Bit 10.2.2 Gain In industrial environments motion blur is unacceptable. Due to this fact exposure times are limited. However, this causes low output signals from the camera and results in dark ...
Charge quantity of "hot" and "cold" pixels compared with "normal" pixels. 10.3.2 Correction Algorithm On Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets the problem of defect pixels is solved as follows: ▪ Possible defect pixels are identified during the production process of the camera. ▪ The coordinates of these pixels are stored in the factory settings of the camera.
10.3.3 Add Defect Pixel / Defect Columns / Defect Rows to Defect pixel list As stated previously, this list is determined within the production process of Baumer cam- eras and stored in the factory settings. This list is editable. Additional hot pixels, cold pixels, defect columns or defect rows can develop during the lifecycle of a camera. In this case Baumer offers the possibility of adding their coordinates ...
10.4 Sequencer 10.4.1 General Information A sequencer is used for the automated control of series of images using different sets of parameters. Figure 19 ► Flow chart of sequencer. m - number of loop passes n - number of set repetitions o - number of sets of parameters z - number of frames per trigger...
10.4.2 Baumer Optronic Sequencer in Camera xml-file “BOSequencer” The Baumer Optronic seqencer is described in the category by the follow- ing features: Static Sequencer Features These values are valid for all sets. BoSequencerEnable Enable / Disable BoSequencerFramesPerTrigger Number of frames per trigger (z) BoSequencerIsRunning Check whether the sequencer is running BoSequencerLoops Number of sequences (m)
(z) is set to 2. This means the camera records two pictures after an incoming trigger signal. 10.4.4 Capability Characteristics of Baumer GAPI Sequencer Module ▪ up to 128 sets of parameters ▪ up to 2 billion loop passes ▪...
Trigger Flash Exposure Prevent Light ◄ Figure 23 Example of a double Readout shutter. On Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets this feature is realized within the sequencer. In order to generate this sequence, the sequencer must be configured as follows: Parameter Setting: Sequencer Run Mode Once by Trigger Sets of parameters (o) Loops (m) Repeats (n)
10.5 Process Interface 10.5.1 Digital I/O All Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets are equipped with one input line and three output lines. 10.5.1.1 I/O Circuits Notice Low Active: At this wiring, only one consumer can be connected. When all Output pins (1, 2, 3) connected to I/O_GND, then current flows through the resistor as soon as one Output is switched. If only one output connected to I/O_GND, then this one is only us- able.
TransferActive state high ExposureEnlarged (Output) Line 2 state low UserOutput0 UserOutput1 state high UserOutput2 (Output) Line 3 Timer1Active Timer2Active state low ◄ Figure 25 Timer3Active IO matrix of the SequencerOutput0 Baumer LXG cameras IO Matrix SequencerOutput1 SequencerOutput2 with VisualApplets on output side.
Different trigger sources can be used here: 4.5V Line0 Actioncommand Figure 26 ▲ Line1 Trigger signal, valid for Line2 Baumer cameras. SW-Trigger Possible settings of the Trigger Delay: : Delay 0-2 sec Number of tracked Triggers Step 1 µsec There are three types of modes. The timing diagrams for the three types you can see below.
10.6.1 Trigger Source ◄ Figure 27 Examples of possible trigger sources. Each trigger source has to be activated separately. When the trigger mode is activated, the hardware trigger is activated by default.
- user-defined debouncer delay for state high DebounceHigh - user-defined debouncer delay for state low Principle of the Baumer DebounceLow debouncer. 10.6.3 Flash Signal On Baumer cameras, this feature is realized by the internal signal "ExposureActive", which can be wired to one of the digital outputs.
10.6.4 Timer Timers were introduced for advanced control of internal camera signals. On Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets the timer configuration includes four com- ponents: Setting Description Timeselector There are three timers. Own settings for each timer can be made . (Timer1, Timer2, Timer3) TimerTriggerSource This feature provides a source selection for each timer.
User Sets 10.7 Notice The Visual Applet design parameters are not stored in the user sets. Three user sets (1-3) are available for the Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets. The user sets can contain the following information: Parameter ChunkModeActive Events ChunkEnable AcquisitionFrameRateEnable DeviceTapGeometry AcquisitionFrameRate DeviceClockFrequency PixelFormat HDREnable BlackLevel BlackReferenceCorrectionEnable Gain FixedPatternNoiseCorrection TestPattern...
Interface Functionalities 11.1 Device Information This Gigabit Ethernet-specific information on the device is part of the Discovery-Acknowl- edge of the camera. Included information: ▪ MAC address ▪ Current IP configuration (persistent IP / DHCP / LLA) ▪ Current IP parameters (IP address, subnet mask, gateway) ▪ Manufacturer's name ▪ Manufacturer-specific information ▪ Device version ▪ Serial number ▪ User-defined name (user programmable string) At the beginning of a frame will transmitted a Leader and at the end will transmitted a Trailer.
11.2 Baumer Image Info Header (Chunk Data) The Baumer Chunk are data, which are generated by the camera. These data include different settings for the respective image. Baumer GAPI can read this settings. Third Party Software, which supports the Chunk mode, can read the settings in the table below. This settings may be for example (not completely): Feature Description ChunkOffsetX Horizontal offset from the origin to the area of interest (in pixels). ChunkOffsetY Vertical offset from the origin to the area of interest (in pix- els).
11.3 Packet Size and Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) Network packets can be of different sizes. The size depends on the network components employed. When using GigE Vision - compliant devices, it is generally recommended ® to use larger packets. On the one hand the overhead per packet is smaller, on the other hand larger packets cause less CPU load. The packet size of UDP packets can differ from 576 Bytes up to the MTU. The MTU describes the maximal packet size which can be handled by all network com- ponents involved. In principle modern network hardware supports a packet size of 1518 Byte, which is spec- ified in the network standard. However, so-called "Jumbo frames" are on the advance as Gigabit Ethernet continues to spread. "Jumbo frames" merely characterizes a packet size exceeding 1500 Bytes. Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets can handle a MTU of up to 16384 Bytes.
11.4 "Inter Packet Gap" (IPG) To achieve optimal results in image transfer, several Ethernet-specific factors need to be considered when using Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets. Upon starting the image transfer of a camera, the data packets are transferred at maxi- mum transfer speed (1 Gbit/sec). In accordance with the network standard, Baumer em- ploys a minimal separation of 12 Bytes between two packets. This separation is called "Inter Packet Gap" (IPG). In addition to the minimal PD, the GigE Vision standard stipu- ® lates that the PD be scalable (user-defined). Figure 30 ► Packet Delay (PD) be- tween the packets 11.4.1 Example 1: Multi Camera Operation – Minimal IPG Setting the IPG to minimum means every image is transfered at maximum speed. Even by using a frame rate of 1 fps this results in full load on the network. Such "bursts" can ...
11.4.2 Example 2: Multi Camera Operation – Optimal IPG A better method is to increase the IPG to a size of optimal IPG = packet size + 2 × minimal IPG In this way both data packets can be transferred successively (zipper principle), and the switch does not need to buffer the packets. Max. IPG: On the Gigabit Ethernet the max� IPG and the data packet must not exceed 1 Gbit�...
11.5 Frame Delay Another approach for packet sorting in multi-camera operation is the so-called Frame De- lay, which was introduced to Baumer Gigabit Ethernet cameras in hardware release 2.1. Due to the fact, that the currently recorded image is stored within the camera and its transmission starts with a predefined delay, complete images can be transmitted to the PC at once. The following figure should serve as an example: Figure 34 ► Principle of the Frame delay. Due to process-related circumstances, the image acquisitions of all cameras end at the same time.
11.5.2 Configuration Example For the three used cameras the following data are known: Camera Sensor Pixel Format Data Readout Exposure Transfer Model Resolution (Pixel Depth) Volume Time Time Time [Pixel] [bit] [bit] [msec] [msec] [msec] LXG-200M.P 5120 x 3840 157286400 30.768 ≈ 73.24 LXG-200M.P 5120 x 3840 157286400 30.768 ≈ 73.24 LXG-200M.P 5120 x 3840 157286400 30.768 ≈ 73.24...
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= 6 msec + 30�768 msec - 6 msec + 73�27 msec TransmissionDelay(Camera 3) = 104�038 msec = 10403800 ticks Notice In Baumer GAPI the delay is specified in ticks. How do convert microseconds into ticks? 1 tick = 1 ns 1 msec = 1000000 ns 1 tick = 0�000001 msec ticks= t...
– without multiplying bandwidth between camera and Multicast device (e.g. Router or Switch). The data is sent out to an intelligent network node, an IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) capable Switch or Router and distributed to the receiver group with the specific address range. In the example on the figure below, multicast is used to process image and message data separately on two differents PC's. Multicast Addresses: For multicasting Baumer suggests an adress range from 232�0�1�0 to 232�255�255�255� ◄ Figure 37 Principle of Multicast...
128.0.0.0 – 191.255.255.255 255.255.0.0 192.0.0.0 – 223.255.255.255 255.255.255.0 Figure 38 ▲ These combinations are not checked by Baumer GAPI, Baumer GAPI Viewer or camera Connection pathway for Baumer Gigabit Ether- on the fly. This check is performed when restarting the camera, in case of an invalid net cameras: IP - subnet combination the camera will start in LLA mode. The device connects * This feature is disabled by default. step by step via the three described mecha- nisms.
▪ DHCP Request Once the client has received this DHCPOFFER, the transaction needs to be con- firmed. For this purpose the client sends a so called DHCPREQUEST broadcast to the network. This message contains the IP address of the offering DHCP server and informs all other possible DHCPservers that the client has obtained all the necessary information, and there is therefore no need to issue IP information to the client. ◄ Figure 41 DHCP Request (broadcast)
11.8 Packet Resend Due to the fact, that the GigE Vision standard stipulates using a UDP – a stateless user ® datagram protocol – for data transfer, a mechanism for saving the "lost" data needs to be employed. Here, a resend request is initiated if one or more packets are damaged during transfer and – due to an incorrect checksum – rejected afterwards. On this topic one must distinguish between three cases: 11.8.1 Normal Case In the case of unproblematic data transfer, all packets are transferred in their correct order ...
11.8.3 Fault 2: Lost Packet at the End of the Data Stream In case of a fault at the end of the data stream, the application will wait for incoming packets for a predefined time. When this time has elapsed, the resend request is triggered and the "lost" packets will be resent. ◄ Figure 45 Resending of lost pack- ets at the end of the data stream.
11.9 Message Channel The asynchronous message channel is described in the GigE Vision standard and of- ® fers the possibility of event signaling. There is a timestamp (64 bits) for each announced event, which contains the accurate time the event occurred. Each event can be activated and deactivated separately.
11.10 Action Commands The basic idea behind this feature was to achieve a simultaneous trigger for multiple cameras. Action Command Description Action Command Trigger used to send a trigger to all connected cameras. Therefore a broadcast ethernet packet was implemented. This packet can be used to induce a trigger as well as other actions.
Start-Stop-Behaviour 12.1 Start / Stop Acquisition (Camera) Once the image acquisition is started, three steps are processed within the camera: ▪ Determination of the current set of image parameters ▪ Exposure of the sensor ▪ Readout of the sensor. Afterwards a repetition of this process takes place until the camera is stopped. Stopping the acquisition means that the process mentioned above is aborted.
Cleaning Avoid cleaning if possible. To prevent dust, follow the instructions under Installation. Notice Perform the cleaning in a dust-free room with clean tools. Use localized ionized air flow on to the glass during cleaning. 13.1 Sensor Recommended Equipment ▪ Miroscope ▪ Air gun ▪...
The return of the packaging to the material cycle helps conserve raw mate- rials an reduces the production of waste. When no longer required, dispose of the packaging materials in accordance with the local regulations in force. Keep the original packaging during the warranty period in order to be able to pack the device in the event of a warranty claim. Warranty Information Notice There are no adjustable parts inside the camera! In order to avoid the loss of warranty do not open the housing! Notice If it is obvious that the device is / was dismantled, reworked or repaired by other than Baumer technicians, Baumer will not take any responsibility for the subsequent perfor- mance and quality of the device!
Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets comply with: ▪ CE ▪ RoHS 17.1 CE We declare, under our sole responsibility, that the previously described Baumer LXG cameras with VisualApplets conform with the directives of the CE (electromagnetic com- patibility (EMC) 2004/108EC). Support If you have any problems with the camera, then feel free to contact our support.
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