Anritsu BTS Master MT8221B Measurement Manual
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Anritsu BTS Master MT8221B Measurement Manual

Anritsu BTS Master MT8221B Measurement Manual

Cable and antenna analyzer
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Measurement Guide
Cable and Antenna Analyzer
for Anritsu Instruments:
BTS Master MT8221B
Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Bias-Tee
Anritsu Company
490 Jarvis Drive
Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809
USA
www.valuetronics.com
Options
Included
0010
Copyright 2009 Anritsu Company
Part Number: 10580-00230
Revision: A
Published: July 2009

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  • Page 1 Measurement Guide Cable and Antenna Analyzer for Anritsu Instruments: BTS Master MT8221B Options Cable and Antenna Analyzer Included Bias-Tee 0010 Part Number: 10580-00230 Anritsu Company Revision: A 490 Jarvis Drive Published: July 2009 Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 Copyright 2009 Anritsu Company...
  • Page 2 Anritsu Company. UPDATES Updates, if any, can be downloaded from the Documents area of the Anritsu web site at: http://www.us.anritsu.com www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 3: Safety Symbols

    Some or all of the following five symbols may or may not be used on all Anritsu equipment. In addition, there may be other labels attached to products that are not shown in the diagrams in this manual.

  • Page 4: For Safety

    For Safety Warning Always refer to the operation manual when working near locations at which the alert mark, shown on the left, is attached. If the operation, etc., is performed without heeding the advice in the operation manual, there is a risk of personal injury. In addition, the equipment performance may be reduced.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Chapter 1—General Information Introduction ..........1-1 General Measurement Setups .
  • Page 6 Table of Contents (Continued) 2-19 Measure Menu ..........2-32 2-20 Trace Menu.

  • Page 7: Chapter 1 - General Information

    Chapter 1 — General Information Introduction The BTS Master offers a wide range of display options for 1-port and 1-path 2-port vector corrected measurements. Cable and antenna analyzer measurements include: Return Loss/VSWR, Cable Loss, Distance-To-Fault (RL and VSWR), 1-Port Phase, Smith Chart, 2-Port Gain, 2-Port Phase. General Measurement Setups Please refer to the BTS Master User Guide for setting frequency, span, amplitude, GPS, limit lines, markers, file management, and system settings.
  • Page 8 PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 9: Chapter 2 - Cable And Antenna Analyzer

    Chapter 2 — Cable and Antenna Analyzer Overview This chapter shows how to setup the instrument and perform basic line sweep measurements. Confirm that the instrument is in Cable & Antenna Analyzer mode. Refer to Note “General Measurement Setups” on page 1-1.
  • Page 10 2-2 Using Markers Cable and Antenna Analyzer Figure 2-1. Marker Table PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 11: Using Limit Lines

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-3 Using Limit Lines Using Limit Lines To access the functions under the Limit menu, press the Shift key, then the Limit (6) key. Limit lines can be used for visual reference only, or for pass/fail criteria using the limit alarm. Limit alarm failures are reported whenever a signal is above the upper limit line or below the lower limit line.

  • Page 12: Setting Up Non-Segmented Limit Lines

    2-3 Using Limit Lines Cable and Antenna Analyzer Setting up Non-segmented Limit Lines 1. Press the Shift key, then the Limit (6) key. 2. Press the Limit On/Off submenu key to turn on the limit line. 3. Press the Single Limit submenu key to set the amplitude value of the limit line. Figure 2-2.

  • Page 13: Segmented Limit Lines

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-3 Using Limit Lines Segmented Limit Lines The following procedure creates limit lines for a Return Loss Measurement. Limits are set to: • 0 dB between 1800 MHz and 1830 MHz • 13.5 dB between 1830 and 1870 MHz, and •...

  • Page 14: Using Trace Math

    2-4 Using Trace Math Cable and Antenna Analyzer Using Trace Math Trace Math menu is an excellent tool for comparing two traces. It is possible to upload traces using Master Software Tools, store those traces in memory, and compare the stored trace with a more recent trace.
  • Page 15 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-4 Using Trace Math Example 2 Using the Trace Menu to normalize a trace for Transmission measurement. Please note that normalizing the trace will not give the same accuracy as a calibrated 2-port measurement. The instrument incorporates internal gain stages that can negatively affect Note measurement accuracy if used uncalibrated.

  • Page 16: Return Loss/Vswr

    2-5 Return Loss/VSWR Cable and Antenna Analyzer Return Loss/VSWR Return Loss is used to characterize RF components and systems. The Return Loss indicates how well the system is matched by taking the ratio of the reflected signal to the incident signal, measuring the reflected power in dB.
  • Page 17 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-5 Return Loss/VSWR Figure 2-7. Return Loss of an Antenna Figure 2-8. VSWR of an Antenna Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 18: Cable Loss

    2-6 Cable Loss Cable and Antenna Analyzer Cable Loss The cable test verifies the signal attenuation level of the cable. This test can be done using the Cable Loss or Return Loss Measurement with a short or an open connected at the end of the system.

  • Page 19: Distance-To-Fault (Dtf)

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) Distance-to-Fault (DTF) The DTF measurement displays return loss (or VSWR) values versus distance. If the frequency measurements fail or indicate a problem in the system, then the DTF measurement can be used to identify and pinpoint the exact location of the problem. The DTF measurement shows the return loss value of all the individual components including connector pairs and cable components.
  • Page 20 2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) Cable and Antenna Analyzer Figure 2-10. Cable List Fault Resolution Fault resolution is the system's ability to separate two closely spaced discontinuities. If the fault resolution is 10 feet and there are two faults 5 feet apart, the instrument will not be able to show both faults unless Fault Resolution is improved by widening the frequency span.
  • Page 21 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) b. Enter the Start and Stop frequencies. c. Press Cable and select the appropriate cable from the cable list (Figure 2-10). d. Press Continue. 5. Press Shift and Calibrate (2) to calibrate the instrument. See Chapter 3, “Calibration”...

  • Page 22: Example 1

    2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) Cable and Antenna Analyzer Example 1 Figure 2-12 shows a DTF measurement of a cable with a short at the end of the cable. Figure 2-13 shows a DTF measurement of a good cable with a load. Figure 2-14 shows a DTF measurement of a cable with a fault.
  • Page 23 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) Figure 2-13. DTF of a Good Cable with a Load at the End of the Cable Figure 2-14 shows an example of a fault at approximately 7.5 meters. Figure 2-14. DTF with a Fault in the Cable and a Short at the End Cable &...

  • Page 24: Example 2

    2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) Cable and Antenna Analyzer Example 2 Distance-To-Fault Transmission Line Test The Distance-To-Fault transmission line test verifies the performance of the transmission line assembly (for example, RF feedline and jumper cables) and its components and identifies the fault locations in the transmission line system. This test determines the return loss value of each connector pair, cable component and cable to identify the problem location.

  • Page 25: Dmax

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-7 Distance-to-Fault (DTF) DMax DMax is the maximum horizontal distance that can be analyzed. The Stop Distance can not exceed Dmax. If the cable is longer than Dmax, Dmax needs to be improved by increasing the number of data points or lowering the frequency span (ΔF).

  • Page 26: 2-Port Gain Measurements

    2-8 2-Port Gain Measurements Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-Port Gain Measurements There are two power levels available with 2-port measurements: High (approximately 0 dBm) and Low (approximately –35 dBm). The low power setting should be used when making direct gain measurements of amplifiers. This will ensure that the amplifier is operating in the linear region.
  • Page 27 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-8 2-Port Gain Measurements Figure 2-15. 2-Port Gain of a TMA Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A 2-19 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 28: Phase Measurements

    2-9 Phase Measurements Cable and Antenna Analyzer Phase Measurements Phase measurements are available in both S11 and S21 modes. 2-Port Phase measurements can use both High (approximately 0 dBm) and Low (approximately –35 dBm) power settings. 1-Port Phase Measurement The following example compares the phase of two cables using a 1-port phase measurement. The dynamic range and phase uncertainty are better with 2-port phase measurements.
  • Page 29 Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-9 Phase Measurements 5. Press the Shift key, then the Calibrate (2) key and perform a 2-port calibration at the end of a phase stable cable. See “2-Port Calibration Procedure (OSLIT)” on page 3-3. 6. Connect Cable A (the reference cable) between the RF Out and RF In connectors. 7.

  • Page 30: Smith Chart

    Smith Chart value are displayed. Anritsu Master Software Tools includes more options and a calculator that can easily show what the return loss, VSWR, or reflection coefficient values of a specific Smith Chart value.

  • Page 31: Cable And Antenna Analyzer Menus

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-11 Cable and Antenna Analyzer Menus 2-11 Cable and Antenna Analyzer Menus Figure 2-18 Figure 2-19 show the map of the Cable and Antenna Analyzer menus. The following sections describe main menus and associated submenus. The submenus are listed in the order they appear on the display from top to bottom under each main menu.
  • Page 32 2-11 Cable and Antenna Analyzer Menus Cable and Antenna Analyzer Averaging/Smoothing Measurement 2/2 Sweep/Setup Averaging/Smoothing Averaging Run/Hold Averaging 1-Port Phase Hold Averaging Factor Sweep Type Averaging Factor 2-Port Phase Single Continuous RF Immunity Restart Restart High Data Points Back Smoothing % Average Smoothing % Smoothing...

  • Page 33: Freq Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-12 Freq Menu 2-12 Freq Menu The Freq/Dist main menu key opens the Freq menu, or the Freq/Dist menu, depending upon the type of measurement selected with the “Measurement Menu” on page 2-31. Pressing the Freq/Dist main menu key after selection of DTF Return Loss, DTF VSWR, 2-Port Gain, Smith Chart, or More on the Measurement main menu will open the “Freq/Dist Menu”...

  • Page 34: Signal Standard Menu

    2-12 Freq Menu Cable and Antenna Analyzer Signal Standard Menu Key Sequence: Freq/Dist > Signal Standard Select Standard: Opens the Signal Standards dialog box. Select the Signal Standard signal standard using the arrow keys, the rotary knob, or the touch Select screen.

  • Page 35: Freq/Dist Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-13 Freq/Dist Menu 2-13 Freq/Dist Menu The Freq/Dist main menu key opens the Freq menu, or the Freq/Dist menu, depending upon the type of measurement selected with the “Measurement Menu” on page 2-31. Pressing the Freq/Dist main menu key after selection of VSWR, Return Loss, or Cable Loss on the Measurement main menu will open the “Freq Menu”...

  • Page 36: Dtf Setup Menu

    2-13 Freq/Dist Menu Cable and Antenna Analyzer DTF Setup Menu Key Sequence: Freq/Dist > More Cable Loss: Press the Cable Loss submenu key and enter the loss in DTF Setup dB/ft or dB/m for the selected cable using the keypad, the arrow keys, or the rotary knob and press Enter.

  • Page 37: Amplitude Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-14 Amplitude Menu 2-14 Amplitude Menu Key Sequence: Amplitude Top: Sets the top amplitude value. Amplitude Bottom: Sets the bottom amplitude value. Autoscale: Adjusts the Top and Bottom values so that the trace will be 100.0 dB shown in the middle of the display.

  • Page 38: Sweep/Setup Menu

    2-15 Sweep/Setup Menu Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-15 Sweep/Setup Menu Key Sequence: Sweep/Setup Run/Hold: Toggles between Run and Hold. When in Hold mode, Sweep/Setup pressing this key starts the sweeping and provides a trigger. When in the Run/Hold Run mode, pressing this key pauses the sweep. Sweep Type: This toggles the sweep between single sweep and Hold continuous sweep.

  • Page 39: Measurement Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-16 Measurement Menu 2-16 Measurement Menu Key Sequence: Measurement. VSWR: Press the VSWR submenu key to view the match in VSWR. Measurement Return Loss: Return Loss is used to characterize RF components and systems. The Return Loss indicates how well the system is matched by VSWR taking the ratio of the reflected signal to the incident signal, and measuring the reflected power in dB.

  • Page 40: Marker Menu

    2-17 Marker Menu Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-17 Marker Menu Key Sequence: Marker Press the Marker main menu key to open the Marker menu. The MT8222A is equipped with six markers. Any or all markers can be employed simultaneously. Marker: Selects the active marker (1 to 6). The underlined marker number Marker is the active marker.

  • Page 41: Trace Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-18 Sweep Menu 2-20 Trace Menu Key Sequence: Shift > Trace (5) key Recall Trace: Opens the Recall dialog box to recall a previously saved Trace measurement. See the User Guide for more information about recalling measurements.

  • Page 42: Limit Menu

    2-21 Limit Menu Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-21 Limit Menu A limit line can be used for visual reference only, or for pass/fail criteria using the limit alarm. Limit alarm failures are reported whenever a signal is above the upper limit line or below the lower limit line.

  • Page 43: Limit Edit Menu

    Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-21 Limit Menu Limit Edit Menu Key Sequence: Shift > Limit (5) key > Limit Edit Point Frequency: The frequency of each point in a limit line can be individually Limit Edit set. When a new point is added, it takes on a value halfway between two Point Freq existing points, or the stop frequency of the current sweep if there is no point higher in frequency than the one being added.

  • Page 44: Other Menus

    2-22 Other Menus Cable and Antenna Analyzer 2-22 Other Menus Preset, File, Mode and System are described in the User Guide. Calibrate is described in Chapter 2-36 PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 45: Chapter 3-Calibration

    Chapter 3 — Calibration Calibration For accurate results, the BTS Master must be calibrated at the ambient temperature after allowing for warm up time and before making any measurements. The BTS Master must be re-calibrated whenever the setup frequency changes or when a test port extension cable is added, removed or replaced.
  • Page 46 3-1 Calibration Calibration 5. Verify that the Device Under Test (DUT) connector, as shown on the DUT Connector submenu key, is appropriate for the test setup. To choose a different connector, press the DUT Connector submenu key and use the rotary knob or Up/Down arrow keys to highlight the appropriate connector and press the rotary knob or Enter to select.

  • Page 47: 2-Port Calibration Procedure (Oslit)

    Calibration 3-1 Calibration 2-Port Calibration Procedure (OSLIT) 1. If a test port extension cable is to be used, connect the cable to the RF Out and/or RF In connector on the BTS Master. The calibration components will be connected at the end of the cable (Figure 3-2).

  • Page 48: Calibration Menu

    3-2 Calibration Menu Calibration 6. Press the Start Cal submenu key. 7. Connect the Open to the RF Out port (or to the end of the test port extension cable) and press the Enter key. 8. When prompted, connect the short to the RF Out port (or to the end of the test port extension cable) and press the Enter key.

  • Page 49: Appendix A - Windowing

    Appendix A — Windowing Introduction The theoretical requirement for inverse FFT is for the data to extend from zero frequency to infinity. Side lobes appear around a discontinuity due to the fact that the spectrum is cut off at a finite frequency. Windowing reduces the side lobes by smoothing out the sharp transitions at the beginning and at the end of the frequency sweep.
  • Page 50 Figure A-2. Nominal Side Lobe Windowing Figure A-3. Low Side Lobe Windowing PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 51 Figure A-4. Minimum Side Lobe Windowing Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 52 PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 53: Appendix B - Tower Mounted Amplifiers

    Appendix B — Tower Mounted Amplifiers Introduction A Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) can be used to amplify the received signal. There are different types of TMA depending upon the system requirements. Three commonly used types are: • TMA-D: A duplex tower mounted amplifier that combines transmit and receive ports from the radio system and connects to a single antenna.
  • Page 54 PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 55 Numerics to W Index Numerics 1-port phase ....2-31 marker menu ....2-32 2-port gain .
  • Page 56 Index-2 PN: 10580-00230 Rev. A Cable & Antenna Analyzer MG www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 57 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 58 Printed on Recycled Paper with Vegetable Soybean Oil Ink Anritsu Company 490 Jarvis Drive Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 http://www.anritsu.com/ www.valuetronics.com...

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