HP 49g+ User Manual page 464

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Applications of function HESS are easier to visualize in the RPN mode.
Consider as an example the function φ(X,Y,Z) = X
function HESS to function φ in the following example. The screen shots show
the RPN stack before and after applying function HESS.
When applied to a function of two variables, the gradient in level 2, when
made equal to zero, represents the equations for critical points, i.e., ∂φ/∂x
0, while the matrix in level 3 represent second derivatives. Thus, the results
from the HESS function can be used to analyze extrema in functions of two
variables. For example, for the function f(X,Y) = X
follows in RPN mode:
'X^3-3*X-Y^2+5' ` ['X','Y'] `
HESS
SOLVE
µ
's1' K 's2' K
The variables s1 and s2, at this point, contain the vectors ['X=-1','Y=0] and
['X=1','Y=0], respectively. The Hessian matrix is at level 1 at this point.
'H' K
J @@@H@@@ @@s1@@ SUBST ‚ï
The resulting matrix A has a
2
= ∂
φ/∂X∂Y = 0. The discriminant, for this critical point
2., and a
= a
12
21
2
2
s1(-1,0) is ∆ = (∂
f/∂x
)
2
φ/∂X
2
<0, point s1 represents a relative maximum.
Next, we substitute the second point, s2, into H:
J @@@H@@@ @@s2@@ SUBST ‚ï
Enter function and variables
Apply function HESS
Find critical points
Decompose vector
Store critical points
Store Hessian matrix
Substitute s1 into H
2
= ∂
φ/∂X
elements a
11
11
2
2
2
2
(∂
f/∂y
)-[∂
f/∂x∂y]
= (-6.)(-2.) = 12.0 > 0. Since
Substitute s2 into H
2
+ XY + XZ, we'll apply
3
2
-3X-Y
+5, proceed as
2
2
2
= ∂
φ/∂X
= -6., a
22
Page 14-7
=
i
= -

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