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Texas Instruments TAX5-Q1 Series Application Note
Texas Instruments TAX5-Q1 Series Application Note

Texas Instruments TAX5-Q1 Series Application Note

Dynamic voltage and temperature tracking based limiter

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Application Note
Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter
in TAX5XXX-Q1
Daveon Douglas
The TAx5xxx-Q1 family of audio converters are used in automotive applications that can experience exposure
to high temperature conditions and sudden fluctuations in battery supply voltage (VBAT). The TAx5xxx-Q1
generation of Texas Instruments' audio converters introduces a Distortion Limiter, Brown-out Protector, and
Thermal Foldback feature that monitors battery voltage and die temperature levels. This monitor function helps
protect the device from these adverse factors by automatically attenuating the output signal.
The Distortion Limiter reduces the peak of the output signal and the Brown-out Protector applies a constant
gain reduction to the output signal as a function of supply voltage. In addition,Thermal Foldback automatically
attenuates the output signal, by reducing the gain, if the temperature of the die exceeds a programmable limit
while audio is still present at the output.
The Distortion Limiter, Brown-out, and Thermal Foldback features are algorithms within the limiter bank of
the DAC signal chain present in TAx5xxx-Q1 devices. This application note describes how to configure these
features for the following devices:
TAC5411-Q1
TAC5412-Q1
TAC5311-Q1
TAC5312-Q1
TAC5212-Q1
TAC5211-Q1
TAC5111-Q1
TAD5212-Q1
SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024
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ABSTRACT
Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1
Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated
1

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Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments TAX5-Q1 Series

  • Page 1 (VBAT). The TAx5xxx-Q1 generation of Texas Instruments' audio converters introduces a Distortion Limiter, Brown-out Protector, and Thermal Foldback feature that monitors battery voltage and die temperature levels. This monitor function helps protect the device from these adverse factors by automatically attenuating the output signal.
  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Table 6-1. Example Script With Parameters..........................Trademarks PurePath ™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback...
  • Page 3: Introduction

    This type of event is commonly known as Brown Out. Texas Instruments' audio option for this problem is to incorporate a Brown-out Protector and Distortion Limiter to reduce the peak or gain of the output signal. These features grant the user control over attenuation levels based on supply voltage, which effectively manages device power consumption.
  • Page 4: Distortion Limiter

    Peak Out Lim_th_max Lim_th_min Lim_inf_point VBAT Figure 3-1. Distortion Limiter Output Configuration Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 5: Distortion Limiter Parameters

    24dB and can be programmed in steps of 1x10^-6dB, where PO is the peak output level in dB. PO + 3 /20 YRAM_LIM_THR_MAX  =  round 10 × 2 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 6: Table 3-2. Programmable Coefficient Registers For Threshold

    The threshold range is from 1V/V to 7.99V/V and can be programmed in steps of 1x10^-6V, where S is the slope in V/V. Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 7: Table 3-5. Programmable Coefficient Registers For Slope

    0x64 0x00 ADC_CH4_SF1_BYT1[31:24] YRAM_REL_COEFFI_LIM 0x19 0x65 0x00 ADC_CH4_SF1_BYT2[23:16] YRAM_REL_COEFFI_LIM 0x19 0x66 0x00 ADC_CH4_SF1_BYT3[15:8] YRAM_REL_COEFFI_LIM 0x19 0x67 0x00 ADC_CH4_SF1_BYT4[7:0] SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 8: Limiter Response

    Prior to the inflection point, the output signal on Channel one is a full-scale 2Vrms signal attenuated to approximately 120mVrms as VBAT drops. Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 9: Brown-Out Protection

    Attenuation 0 dB VBAT Figure 4-1. BOP Output Configuration SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 10: Brown-Out Protection Parameters

    ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT4[7:0] YRAM_VSUP_TH2 0x1A 0x28 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT1[31:24] 0x1A 0x29 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT2[23:16] 0x1A 0x2A 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT3[15:8] 0x1A 0x2B 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT4[7:0] Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 11: Table 4-3. Programmable Coefficient Registers For Gain Levels

    1x10^-6dB, where RR is the release rate on the output signal in dB/step. RR/20 YRAM_REL_COEFFI_BOP  =  round 10 × 2 (11) SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 12: Brown-Out Protection Response

    -3dB signal. As VBAT continues to drop below 10V the output further attenuates to the BOP minimum threshold, a -20dB signal. Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 13: Thermal Foldback

    Temperature °C   =   408 . 815605   −   0 . 1225435506 × Read_data   (13) Attenuation 0 dB thf_max_attn T_th0 Temperature Figure 5-1. Thermal Foldback Output Configuration SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 14: Thermal Foldback Parameters

    0x3C 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT1[31:24] YRAM_TEMP_TH 0x1A 0x3D 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT2[23:16] YRAM_TEMP_TH 0x1A 0x3E 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT3[15:8] YRAM_TEMP_TH 0x1A 0x3F 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT4[7:0] Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 15: Table 5-3. Programmable Coefficient Registers For Maximum Attenuation

    1x10^-6, where AR is the attack rate on the output signal in dB/step. AR/20 YRAM_ATTACK_COEFFI_THF  =  round 10 × 2 (17) SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 16: Table 5-5. Programmable Coefficient Registers For Attack Rate

    0x38 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT1[31:24] YRAM_RESET_COUNTER_TH 0x1A 0x39 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT2[23:16] YRAM_RESET_COUNTER_TH 0x1A 0x3A 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT3[15:8] YRAM_RESET_COUNTER_TH 0x1A 0x3B 0x00 ASIOUT_BUF_VARS_BYT4[7:0] Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 17: Figure 5-3. Thermal Foldback Ppc3 Configuration

    -19dB, close to the expected attenuation based on the Thermal Foldback settings. SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 18: Figure 5-5. Thermal Foldback - Final Temperature Data Appended

    Thermal Foldback www.ti.com Figure 5-5. Thermal Foldback - Final Temperature Data Appended Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 19: Example

    00 00 # Go to Page 0 w a0 76 0c # Enable DAC Channels w a0 78 40 # DAC Power Up SLAAEI4 – AUGUST 2024 Dynamic Voltage and Temperature Tracking Based Limiter in TAX5XXX-Q1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2024 Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 20: Summary

    7 Summary Texas Instruments has integrated three features into the TAx5xxx family of devices for audio processing in battery powered applications—Distortion Limiter, Brown-out protection, and Thermal Foldback. The Distortion Limiter dynamically adjusts audio levels based on battery voltage, providing distortion-free sound under fluctuating power conditions.Brown-out protection complements the Distortion Limiter by offering programmable,...
  • Page 21: Important Notice

    TI products. TI’s provision of these resources does not expand or otherwise alter TI’s applicable warranties or warranty disclaimers for TI products. TI objects to and rejects any additional or different terms you may have proposed. IMPORTANT NOTICE Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2024, Texas Instruments Incorporated...