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ensto Arcteq AQ-G215 Instruction Manual

Generator protection device
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AQ-G215
Generator protection device
Instruction manual

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  • Page 1 AQ-G215 Generator protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table of contents 1 Document inf 1 Document informa ormation tion ..............................................6 6 1.1 Version 2 revision notes ......................6 1.2 Version 1 revision notes ......................9 1.3 Safety information ........................ 10 1.4 Abbreviations........................
  • Page 3 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.4.24 Programmable stage (PSx>/<; 99) ................. 271 4.4.25 Arc fault protection (IArc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50NArc) ..........279 4.5 Control functions ....................... 289 4.5.1 Common signals...................... 289 4.5.2 Setting group selection .................... 290 4.5.3 Object control and monitoring..................
  • Page 4 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7.5.7 Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional)......422 7.5.8 Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) ....423 7.5.9 Milliampere output (mA) I/O module (optional) ............424 7.6 Dimensions and installation....................
  • Page 5 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2.2.5 Synchrocheck (ΔV/Δa/Δf; 25) ..............465 8.2.3 Monitoring functions ....................466 8.2.3.1 Current transformer supervision ..............466 8.2.3.2 Voltage transformer supervision (60) ............466 8.2.3.3 Circuit breaker wear monitoring ..............467 8.2.3.4 Current total harmonic distortion..............
  • Page 6 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Disclaimer Please read these instructions carefully before using the equipment or taking any other actions with respect to the equipment. Only trained and qualified persons are allowed to perform installation, operation, service or maintenance of the equipment.

  • Page 7: Document Inf

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 1 Document information 1.1 Version 2 revision notes Table. 1.1 - 1. Version 2 revision notes Revision 2.00 Date 6.6.2019 - New more consistent look. - Improved descriptions generally in many chapters. - Improved readability of a lot of drawings and images.
  • Page 8 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 - Terminology consistency improved (e.g. binary inputs are now always called digital inputs). - Tech data modified to be more informative about what type of measurement inputs are used (phase currents/voltages, residual currents/voltages), what component of that measurement is available (RMS, TRMS, peak-to-peak) and possible calculated measurement values (powers, impedances, angles etc.).
  • Page 9 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 - Fixed phase current measurement continuous thermal withstand from 30A to 20A. - Fixed lots of timing errors written to registers table. "Prefault" is -200 ms from Start event, Changes "Pretrigger"...

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Revision 2.11 Date 29.11.2023 - Added the 5 ms update time in the measurement chapters. - Added Milliampere input module (mA out & mA in). Changes - Added spring lock cage options for connectors. See the "Ordering information"...

  • Page 11: Safety Information

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Changes • Added the password set-up guide (previously only in the AQtivate 200 user guide). Revision 1.06 Date 9.2.2017 • Added the programmable control switch, indicator object, and programmable stage Changes descriptions.
  • Page 12 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 BCD – Binary-coded decimal CB – Circuit breaker CBFP – Circuit breaker failure protection CLPU – Cold load pick-up CPU – Central processing unit CT – Current transformer CTM –...
  • Page 13 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 NO – Normally open NTP – Network Time Protocol RMS – Root mean square RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTD – Resistance temperature detector RTU – Remote terminal unit SCADA –...

  • Page 14: General

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 2 General Instruction manual Version: 2.12 2 General The AQ-G215 generator protection device is a member of the AQ 200 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions.

  • Page 15: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 3 Device user interface 3.1 Panel structure The user interface section of an AQ 200 or AQ 250 series device is divided into two user interface sections: one for the hardware and the other for the software.

  • Page 16: Mimic And Main Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When the unit is powered on, the green "Power" LED is lit. When the red "Error" LED is lit, the device has an internal (hardware or software) error that affects the operation of the unit. The activation of the yellow "Start"...

  • Page 17: Navigation In The Main Configuration Menus

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 3.2.2 Navigation in the main configuration menus All the settings in this device have been divided into the following six (6) main configuration menus: • General •...
  • Page 18 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.3 - 4. General menu structure. Device info Figure. 3.3 - 5. Device info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 19 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 3.3 - 3. Parameters and indications in the General menu. Name Range Step Default Description Device name Unitname The file name uses these fields when loading the .aqs configuration file from the AQ-200 unit.
  • Page 20 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description If the user navigates to a menu and gives no input after a period of time defined with this Return to default view 0…3600 s 10 s parameter, the unit automatically returns to...

  • Page 21: Protection Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 3.4 Protection menu General Figure. 3.4 - 7. Protection menu structure. The Protection main menu includes the Stage activation submenu as well as the submenus for all the various protection functions, categorized under the following modules: "Arc protection", "Current", "Voltage", "Frequency", "Sequence"...
  • Page 22 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.4 - 8. Protection menu view. Stage activation You can activate the various protection stages in the Stage activation submenu (see the images below). Each protection stage and supporting function is disabled by default. When you activate one of the stages, its activated menu appears in the stage-specific submenu.
  • Page 23 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Example of a protection stage and its use Once a protection stage has been activated in the Stage activation submenu, you can open its own submenu. In the image series below, the user has activated three current stages. The user accesses the list of activated current stages through the "Current"...
  • Page 24 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The "Info" section offers many details concerning the function and its status: • Function condition: indicates the stage's condition which can be Normal, Start, Trip, or Blocked. •...
  • Page 25 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.4 - 13. Registers. Register menu content is not available in the HMI. It can only be accessed with AQtivate setting tool. Stored in the "Registers" section you can find both "Operation event register" and "General event register".
  • Page 26 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.4 - 14. I/O. The "I/O" section is divided into two subsections: "Direct output control" and "Blocking input control". In "Direct output control" you can connect the stage's signals to physical outputs, either to an output relay or an LED (START or TRIP LEDs or one of the 16 user configurable LEDs).

  • Page 27: Control Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.4 - 15. Events. You can mask on and mask off the protection stage related events in "Event mask". By default events are masked off. You can activate the desired events by masking them ("x"). Remember to save your maskings by confirming the changes with the check mark icon.
  • Page 28 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Controls enabled Figure. 3.5 - 17. Controls enabled submenu. You can activate the selected control functions in the Controls enabled submenu. By default all the control functions are disabled. All activated functions can be viewed in the Control functions submenu (see the section "Control functions"...
  • Page 29 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • Used se Used set t ting gr ting groups oups: this setting allows the activation of setting groups SG1...SG8 (only one group is active by default). •...
  • Page 30 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 21. Settings section. OBJECT SET AND STATUS • L L oc ocal/R al/Remo emot t e sta e stat t us us: control access may be set to Local or Remote (Local by default; please note that when local control is enabled, the object cannot be controlled through the bus and vice versa).
  • Page 31 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • An object has both Open input Open input and C C lose input lose input signals which are used for indicating the status of the breaker on the HMI and in SCADA. Status can be indicated by any of the following: digital inputs, logical inputs or outputs.
  • Page 32 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 22. Application control section. You can connect object statuses directly to specific physical outputs in the "Signal connections" subsection ( Control → Application control ). A status can be connected to output relays, as well as to user-configurable LEDs.
  • Page 33 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The "Registers"section stores the function's specific fault data. There are twelve (12) registers, and each of them includes data such as opening and closing times, command types and request failures. The data included in the register depend on the protection function.
  • Page 34 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Each control function that has been activated is listed in the Control functions submenu (see the middle image above). This submenu includes the following sections: "Info", "Settings", "Registers", "I/O" and "Events".
  • Page 35 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The stage settings vary depending on which control function they are a part of. By default only one setting group of the eight available setting groups is activated. You can enable more groups in the Control →...
  • Page 36 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 29. I/O section. The "I/O" section is divided into two subsections: "Direct output control" and "Blocking input control". In "Direct output control" you can connect the stage's signals to physical outputs, either to an output relay or an LED (START or TRIP LEDs or one of the 16 user configurable LEDs).
  • Page 37 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 30. Events section. You can mask on and mask off events related to an object's stage in "Event mask". By default all events are masked off.
  • Page 38 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 32. Digital input section. All settings related to digital inputs can be found in the "Digital inputs" section. The "Digital inputs settings" subsection includes various settings for the inputs: the polarity selection determines whether the input is Normal Open (NO) or Normal Closed (NC) as well as the activation threshold voltage (16…200 V AC/DC, step 0.1 V) and release threshold voltage (10…200 V AC/DC, step 0.1 V) for each available input.
  • Page 39 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The "Digital outputs settings" subsection lets you select the polarity for each output; they can be either Normal Open (NO) or Normal Closed (NC). The default polarity is Normal Open. The operational delay of an output contact is approximately 5 ms.
  • Page 40 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 35. Device I/O matrix section. Through the "Device I/O matrix" section you can connect digital inputs, logical outputs, protection stage status signals (START, TRIP, BLOCKED, etc.), object status signals and many other binary signals to output relays, or to LEDs configured by the used.
  • Page 41 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 3.5 - 37. Programmable mimic indicators section. Programmable mimic indicators can be placed into the mimic to display a text based on the status of a given binary signal (digital input, logical signal, status of function start/tripped/blocked signals etc.).

  • Page 42: Communication Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 GOOSE inputs are mainly used for controlling purposes and in conjunction with the IEC 61850 communication protocol. There are 64 GOOSE inputs signal status bits, and their status can be either 0 or 1.
  • Page 43 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Connections Figure. 3.6 - 40. View of the Connections submenu. The Connections submenu offers the following bits of information and settings: ETHERNET ETHERNET This section defines the IP settings for the Ethernet port in the back panel of the unit. •...
  • Page 44 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Protocols Figure. 3.6 - 41. View of the Protocols submenu. The Protocols submenu offers access to the various communication protocol configuration menus. Some of the communication protocols use serial communication and some use Ethernet communication.

  • Page 45: Measurement Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 3.7 Measurement menu Figure. 3.7 - 42. Measurement section. The Measurement menu includes the following submenus: Transformers , Frequency , Current measurement , Voltage measurement , Power and energy measurement , Impedance calculations , and Phasors .
  • Page 46 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 CT module Figure. 3.7 - 44. CT module section. The three main sections ("Phase CT scaling", "Residual I01 CT scaling" and "Residual I02 CT scaling") determine the ratio of the used transformers. Additionally, the nominal values are also determined in the CT module submenu.
  • Page 47 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 VT primary and secondary voltages must match with the connected voltage transformer in addition to the voltage measurement mode. These settings are then used for scaling the voltage channel input voltages to primary and per unit values as well as power and energy measurement values if current measurements are also available.
  • Page 48 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Current measurement Figure. 3.7 - 47. Current measurement submenu. Current measurement submenu includes various individual measurements for each phase or phase-to- phase measurement. The Current measurement submenu has been divided into four sections: "Phase currents", "Residual currents", "Sequence currents", and "Harmonics".
  • Page 49 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Voltage measurement Figure. 3.7 - 48. Voltage measurement submenu and System Voltages menu. Voltage measurement submenu includes various individual measurements for each phase or phase-to- phase measurement. The Voltage measurement submenu has been also divided into four sections: "Voltage inputs", "Sequence voltages", "System voltages", and "Harmonics".
  • Page 50 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Power and energy measurement Figure. 3.7 - 49. Power and Energy measurement submenu. The Power and energy measurement submenu includes three sections: "Power and energy measurement settings", "Power measurements" and "Energy measurements". As the name suggests, the first section determines the settings by which the power and energy calculations are made.

  • Page 51: Monitoring Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The Impedance calculations submenu is divided into four sections: "Impedance calculation settings", "Phase-to-phase impedances", "Phase-to-earth impedances" and "Positive sequence impedance". You can activate impedance calculations in the first section. "Phase-to-phase impedances" display the resistances and reactances of the three phase-to-phase connections, both primary and secondary, as well as the primary and secondary impedances and impedance angles.
  • Page 52 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Monitors enabled Figure. 3.8 - 53. Monitors enabled submenu. You can activate the selected monitor functions in the Monitors enabled submenu. By default all the control functions are disabled. All activated functions can be viewed in the Monitor functions submenu (see the section "Monitor functions"...
  • Page 53 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Disturbance recorder Figure. 3.8 - 55. Disturbance recorder settings. The Disturbance recorder submenu has the following settings: • "Recorder enabled" enables or disables the recorder. • "Recorder status" indicates the status of the recorder. •...

  • Page 54: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • Enabling "Auto. get recordings" allows the device to automatically upload recordings to the designated FTP folder (which, in turn, allows any FTP client to read the recordings from the device's memory).
  • Page 55 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 A number of stars are displayed in the upper right corner of the HMI; these indicate the current user level. The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): •...
  • Page 56 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • User: Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any settings, nor operate breakers or other equipment. • Operator: Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any settings BUT can operate breakers and other equipment.

  • Page 57: Functions Unctions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-G215 The AQ-G215 generator protection device includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 4.1 - 4. Protection functions of AQ-G215. Name (number ANSI Description...
  • Page 58 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name (number ANSI Description of stages) I2> Negative sequence overcurrent/ I2>> CUB (4) 46/46R/46L phase current reversal/ I2>>> current unbalance protection I2>>>> U1/U2>/< U1/U2>>/<< VUB (4) U1/U2>>>/<<< 47/27P/59PN Sequence voltage protection U2>>>>/<<<<...

  • Page 59: Measurements

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name ANSI Description ΔV/Δa/Δf Synchrocheck Programmable control switch mA output Milliampere output control Table. 4.1 - 6. Monitoring functions of AQ-G215. Name ANSI Description Current transformer supervision Voltage transformer supervision Disturbance recorder Circuit breaker wear monitor Total harmonic distortion...
  • Page 60 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.1 - 57. Current measurement terminology. P P RI: RI: The primary current, i.e. the current which flows in the primary circuit and through the primary side of the current transformer.
  • Page 61 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The device calculates the scaling factors based on the set values of the CT primary, the CT secondary and the nominal current settings. The device measures the secondary current, the current output from the current transformer installed into application's primary circuit.
  • Page 62 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.1 - 7. Initial data. P P ha hase curr se current C ent CT T : : R R ing cor ing core C e CT in Input I02: T in Input I02: L L oad ( oad (nominal):...
  • Page 63 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.1 - 60. Setting the phase current transformer scalings to the protected object's nominal current. Once the measurement scaling is tied to the protected object's nominal current, the user must set the appropriate input for the "Nominal current In"...
  • Page 64 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.1 - 62. Residual I02 CT scaling (sensitive). Displaying the scaling Depending on whether the scaling was done based on the CT primary values or the protected object's nominal current, the measurements are displayed slightly differently.
  • Page 65 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Example of zero sequence CT scaling Zero sequence CT scaling (ZCT scaling) is done when a zero sequence CT instead of a ring core CT is part of the measurement connection. In such a case the zero sequence CT should be connected to the I02 channel which has lower CT scaling ranges (see the image below).
  • Page 66 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Problem Solution The phase currents are connected to the measurement module but the order or polarity of one or all phases is incorrect. In device settings, go to Measurement → Phasors and check the "Phase current vectors"...
  • Page 67 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.1 - 66. Common phase polarity problems. The following image presents the most common problems with network rotation (mix phases). These problems can be difficult to find because the measurement result is always the same in the device. If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in.
  • Page 68 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.1 - 67. Common network rotation (mixed phases) problems. Settings Table. 4.2.1 - 8. Settings of the Phase CT scaling. Name Range Step Default Description Scale • CT nom p.u. •...
  • Page 69 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the ratio between the set primary current and the set CT scaling nominal current. This parameter is only visible if the factor NOM option "Object In p.u."...
  • Page 70 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.1 - 11. Per-unit phase current measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase current 0.000…1 The current fundamental frequency component (in p.u.) × In 0.001 250.000 from each of the phase current channels. ("Pha.curr.ILx") Phase current ILx TRMS...
  • Page 71 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.1 - 15. Per-unit residual current measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description The current measurement fundamental frequency Residual current I0x 0.00…1 × In 0.01 component (in p.u.) from the residual current channel I01 ("Res.curr.I0x") 250.00 or I02.
  • Page 72 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.1 - 18. Residual phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Residual current angle I0x The residual current angle measurement from the I01 or 0.00…360.00 0.01 ("Res.curr.angle I02 current input.
  • Page 73 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Unit Range Step Description Secondary zero sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Zero sequence zero sequence current. curr.") Table. 4.2.1 - 22. Sequence phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range...

  • Page 74: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling The voltage measurement module (VT module, or VTM) is used for measuring the voltages from voltage transformers. The voltage measurements are updated every 5 milliseconds. The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions.
  • Page 75 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.2 - 69. Connections. The following table presents the initial data of the connection. Table. 4.2.2 - 24. Initial data. P P ha hase v se volta oltage V ge VT T Z Z er ero sequence v...
  • Page 76 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.2 - 70. Example connections for voltage line-to-line measurement. If only two line-to-line voltages are measured, the third one (U ) is calculated based on the U vectors.
  • Page 77 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The image collection below presents the device's behavior when nominal voltage is injected into the device via secondary test equipment. The measurement mode is 3LN+U4 which means that the device is measuring line-to-neutral voltages.
  • Page 78 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Problem Check / Resolution The voltages are connected to the measurement module but the order or polarity of The measured one or all phases is incorrect. In device settings, go to Measurement → Phasors and voltage amplitudes are check the "System voltage vectors"...
  • Page 79 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Defines how the secondary voltage is scaled to the primary. "Broken Delta" is the most common mode. Does not affect how protection operates, it only affects the displayed primary voltages.
  • Page 80 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description The selection of the first voltage measurement channel's (U1) polarity (direction). The default setting is for the U1 Polarity positive voltage to flow from connector 1 to connector 2, with the secondary voltage's starpoint pointing towards the line.
  • Page 81 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured voltage channels. Table. 4.2.2 - 27. Per-unit voltage measurements. Name Range Step Description Voltage Ux The voltage measurement fundamental frequency component (in 0.00…500.00xU 0.01xU ("UxVolt...
  • Page 82 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.2 - 31. Primary sequence voltage measurements. Name Range Step Description Primary positive sequence 0.00…1 000 The primary measurement from the calculated positive voltage 0.01V 000.00V sequence voltage. ("Pos.seq.Volt.pri") Primary negative 0.00…1 000...
  • Page 83 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary line-to-line UL23 voltage fundamental frequency component UL23 0.01V (measured or calculated). You can also select the row where the unit for this is ("System 000.00V volt UL23...
  • Page 84 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description System voltage The primary measured Synchrocheck voltage fundamental frequency magnitude 0.00…1 component (SS). This magnitude is displayed only when the "2LL+U3+U4" mode 0.01V is selected and both U3 and U4 are in use. You can also select the row where ("System 000.00V the unit for this is kV.
  • Page 85 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description System voltage The primary measured Synchrocheck angle SS. This magnitude is only angle U3 0.00…360.00° 0.01° valid when the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected and both U3 and U4 are ("System in use.
  • Page 86 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 In close-in faults the system voltage on the secondary side may fall down to a few volts or close to nothing. In such cases, when the measured voltage is absent, the fault direction cannot be solved. As backup, non-directional protection can be used for tripping, but in such cases the selectivity of the network will reduce.
  • Page 87 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.2 - 75. Voltage angle drift. The blocking signal for voltage memory can be found among other stage-related settings in the tab VT Module (3U/4U) 1 . The blocking signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle. VMEM activ VMEM activa a tion v tion volta...

  • Page 88: Power And Energy Calculation

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When the "Forced CT f tracking" parameter is activated and voltages are gone, the frequency from the selected current-based reference channel 3 (the current from IL3) is used for current sampling. This eliminates any possible measurement errors in the fixed frequency mode.
  • Page 89 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.2.3 - 76. Three-phase power (S) calculation. Figure. 4.2.3 - 77. Three-phase active power (P) calculation. In these equations, phi (φ) is the angle difference between voltage and current. Figure.
  • Page 90 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Power factor calculation is done similarly to the Cosine phi calculation but the polarity is defined by the reactive power direction. Therefore, the power factor is calculated with the following formula: Only line y line-t -to-line v o-line volta...
  • Page 91 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description 3ph reactive • Disabled Enables/disables the reactive and apparent energy Disabled • Enabled energy measurement. measurement 3ph energy Defines whether energy is measured with •...
  • Page 92 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.2.3 - 39. Energy Dose Counter 1 settings Name Range Step Default Description Energy dose • Disabled Enables/disables energy dose Disabled counter • Activated counters generally. mode Clear pulse •...
  • Page 93 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description 3PH Apparent power (S The total three-phase apparent power in 0.01MVA -1x10 …1x10 MVA) megawatts 3PH Active power (P 0.01MW The total three-phase active power in mewatts -1x10 …1x10 3PH Reactive power...
  • Page 94 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Reactive energy (Q) balance The sum of imported and exported reactive 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 while export (P) (kVarh or MVarh) capacitive energy while active power is exported. Exported (Q) while Import (P) The total amount of exported reactive energy while 0.01...
  • Page 95 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Exported (Q) while Import (P) Lx The exported reactive energy of the phase while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is imported. Imported (Q) while Import (P) Lx The imported reactive energy of the phase while 0.01...
  • Page 96 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Value Name Value Name Value Name Value L1 (Q) L1 (Q) 2.89 Mvar L2 (Q) L2 (Q) -3.94 Mvar L3 (Q) L3 (Q) 1.06 Mvar 3PH (Q) H (Q) 0.01 Mvar L1 T...

  • Page 97: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling Measurement sampling can be set to the frequency tracking mode or to the fixed user- defined frequency sampling mode. The benefit of frequency tracking is that the measurements are within a pre-defined accuracy range even when the fundamental frequency of the power system changes.
  • Page 98 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Problem Check / Resolution The measured current or voltage amplitude is The set system frequency may be wrong. Please check that the frequency settings lower than it should match the local system frequency, or change the measurement mode to "Tracking"...
  • Page 99 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description • None • CT1IL3 Frequency • CT2IL3 CT1IL3 The third reference source for frequency tracking. reference 3 • VT1U3 • VT2U3 • No trackable channels •...

  • Page 100: General Menu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Frequency measurement value used by protection f.atm. functions. When frequency is not measurable this 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - Protections value returns to value set to "System nominal frequency"...
  • Page 101 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.3 - 48. Parameters and indications in the General menu. Name Range Default Description Device name Unitname The file name uses these fields when loading the .aqs configuration file from the AQ-200 unit.

  • Page 102: Protection Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • OBJ1 • OBJ2 • OBJ3 • OBJ4 "I" and "0" push buttons on the front panel of the I/0 default object • OBJ5 device have an indication LED.
  • Page 103 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 104 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 79. Principle diagram of the protection device platform. In the following chapters the common functionalities of protection functions are described. If a protection function deviates from this basic structure, the difference is described in the corresponding chapter of the manual.
  • Page 105 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 81. Measurement range in relation to the nominal current. The I magnitude refers to the user set nominal current which can range from 0.2…10 A, typically 0.2 A, 1A or 5 A.
  • Page 106 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Both IEC and IEEE/ANSI standard characteristics as well as user settable parameters are available for the IDMT operation. Please note that in the IDMT mode Definite (Min) operating time delay is also determines the minimum time for protection tripping (see the figure below).
  • Page 107 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Selects the IEC standard delay characteristics. The options include the following: Normally Inverse ("NI"), Extremely Inverse ("EI"), Very Inverse ("VI") and • NI Long Time Inverse ("LTI") characteristics.
  • Page 108 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 83. Inverse operating time formulas for IEC and IEEE standards. Non-standard delay characteristics In addition to the previously mentioned delay characteristics, some functions also have delay characteristics that deviate from the IEC or IEEE standards.
  • Page 109 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 RI-type RD-type t = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum = Measured maximum current current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting...
  • Page 110 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 84. No delayed pick-up release. Figure. 4.4.1 - 85. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 111 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.1 - 86. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. Figure. 4.4.1 - 87. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is decreasing during the release time. The resetting characteristics can be set according to the application.

  • Page 112: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When using the release delay option where the operating time counter is calculating the operating time during the release time, the function will not trip if the input signal is not activated again during the release time counting.
  • Page 113 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current measurement TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L1 (A) current...
  • Page 114 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up settings The I setting parameter controls the pick-up of the I> function. This defines the maximum allowed measured current before action from the function. The function constantly calculates the ratio between the I and the measured magnitude ( I ) for each of the three phases.
  • Page 115 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description meas The ratio between the highest measured phase current and the at the 0.00...1250.00 0.01 pick-up value. moment Function blocking The block signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle. The blocking signal is received from the blocking matrix in the function's dedicated input.
  • Page 116 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names NOC1...NOC4 Trip ON NOC1...NOC4 Trip OFF NOC1...NOC4 Block ON NOC1...NOC4 Block OFF NOC1...NOC4 Phase A Start ON NOC1...NOC4 Phase A Start OFF NOC1...NOC4 Phase B Start ON NOC1...NOC4 Phase B Start OFF...

  • Page 117: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.4.3 Non-directional earth fault protection (I0>; 50N/51N) The non-directional earth fault function is used for instant and time-delayed earth fault protection. The number of stages in the function depend on the device model. The operating characteristics are based on the selected neutral current magnitude which the function measures constantly.
  • Page 118 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.3 - 61. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description Setting • Disabled Activating this parameter permits changing the pick-up level of the control from Disabled •...
  • Page 119 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Angle of I0 against reference. If phase voltages are available, Detected 0.01 positive sequence voltage angle is used as reference. If voltages -360.00...360.00 deg I0 angle are not available, positive sequence current angle is used as reference.
  • Page 120 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operating time characteristics for trip and reset This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 121: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.4.4 Directional overcurrent protection (Idir>; 67) The directional overcurrent function is used for instant and time-delayed overcurrent and short-circuits. A device with both voltage and current protection modules can have four (4) available stages of the function (Idir>, Idir>>, Idir>>>, Idir>>>>).
  • Page 122 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L1 (A) current Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L2 (B) current Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L3 (C) current Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement...
  • Page 123 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Setting group selection controls the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user- defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. Table. 4.4.4 - 69. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step...
  • Page 124 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.4 - 92. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. Figure. 4.4.4 - 93. When Idir> function has been set to "Non-directional" the function works basically just like a traditional non-directional overcurrent protection function.
  • Page 125 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 126 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operating time characteristics for trip and reset This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 127: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register name Description Fault type L1-E...L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms averages Trip time remaining 0s...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active Operating angle 0...250°...
  • Page 128 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.5 - 74. Measurement inputs of the I0dir> function. Time Signal Description base Fundamental frequency component of coarse residual current measurement input I01 TRMS TRMS measurement of coarse residual current measurement input I01 Peak-to-peak measurement of coarse residual current measurement input I01 Fundamental frequency component of sensitive residual current measurement input I02 TRMS TRMS measurement of coarse sensitive current measurement input I02...
  • Page 129 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • RMS Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the function. Measured • TRMS This parameter is available when "Input selection" has been set to magnitude •...
  • Page 130 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Unearthed network Figure. 4.4.5 - 95. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (unearthed network model) (32N) When the unearthed (capacitive) network mode is chosen, the function expects the fault current to be lagging zero sequence voltage by 90 degrees.
  • Page 131 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The resistance of the fault affects the size of the voltage drop during a fault. In direct earth fault the zero sequence voltage amplitude is equal to the system's line-to-earth voltage. In direct earth fault the voltage of a faulty phase drops close to zero and healthy phase voltages increase to the amplitude of line-to-line voltages.
  • Page 132 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When the Petersen coil earthed (compensated) network mode is chosen, the function expects the fault current to be in the opposite direction to the zero sequence voltage. Healthy phases of both healthy and faulty feeders produce a capacitive current similar to the unearthed network.
  • Page 133 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Directly earthed or small impedance network (67N) Figure. 4.4.5 - 97. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (directly earthed or small impedance network). In a directly earthed network the amplitude of a single-phase fault current is similar to the amplitude of a short-circuit current.
  • Page 134 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Broad range mode with multi-criteria detection for unearthed and compensated networks When detecting earth faults in compensated long-distance cables and overhead lines, it is in some cases difficult to distinguish between a healthy and a faulty feeder. Merely measuring the angle and the magnitude of residual voltage and currents is not always enough, as changes in symmetrical components of phase currents and voltages are also needed.
  • Page 135 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The new broad range mode is capable of detecting an earth fault directionally in both unearthed and compensated networks not only by combining the two stages together but by using a new multi-criteria detection.
  • Page 136 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Displays which voltage channel is used by the function. If no voltage channel has been selected the function • No U0 avail! U0> defaults to calculated residual voltage if line-to-neutral •...
  • Page 137 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description harmonic blocking limit 0.10…50.00%I 0.01%I 0.01%I The 2 harmonic blocking limit. fund fund fund (Iharm/Ifund) If the blocking signal is active when the pick-up element activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further.

  • Page 138: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event name DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF1...DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately.
  • Page 139 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.6 - 100. Simplified function block diagram of the I2> function. Measured input The function block uses positive and negative sequence currents calculated from the phase current measurement channels.
  • Page 140 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.6 - 82. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description • Normal I2> force • Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal status to •...
  • Page 141 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a remaining -1800.000...1800.000s trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip Function blocking The block signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle.
  • Page 142 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.6 - 101. Operation characteristics curve for I2> Curve2. For a more detailed description on the time characteristics and their setting parameters, please refer to "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 143: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names CUB1...CUB4 Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content.
  • Page 144 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.7 - 102. Simplified function block diagram of the Ih> function. Measured input The function block uses analog current measurement values from phase or residual currents. Each measurement input of the function block uses RMS (fundamental frequency component) values and harmonic components of the selected current input.
  • Page 145 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L2 (B) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic...
  • Page 146 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic...
  • Page 147 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • 2 harmonic • 3 harmonic • 4 harmonic • 5 harmonic • 6 harmonic • 7 Harmonic harmonic Selection of the monitored harmonic component. selection harmonic •...
  • Page 148 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting Ih/IL 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 149 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events and registers The harmonic overcurrent function (abbreviated "HOC" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.

  • Page 150: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.4.8 Circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP; 50BF/52BF) The circuit breaker failure protection function is used for monitoring the circuit breaker operation after it has received a TRIP signal. The function can also be used to retrip a failing breaker; if the retrip fails, an incoming feeder circuit breaker can be tripped by using the function's CBFP output.
  • Page 151 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of residual input I measurement Calculated residual current from the phase current inputs 0Calc General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group.
  • Page 152 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.8 - 96. Operating mode and input signals selection. Name Range Step Default Description • Not in Selects the residual current monitoring source, which can be Not in I0Input •...
  • Page 153 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.8 - 98. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Description • Normal • Start CBFP condition • ReTrip Displays status of the protection function. • CBFP On •...
  • Page 154 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Trip, Retrip and CBFP in the device configuration Figure. 4.4.8 - 104. Wiring diagram when Trip, Retrip and CBFP are configured to the device. The retrip functionality can be used in applications whose circuit breaker has a retrip or a redundant trip coil available.
  • Page 155 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 105. Retrip and CBFP when "Current" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, the current-based protection is activated and the counters for RETRIP and CBFP start calculating the set operating time.
  • Page 156 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 106. Retrip and CBFP when "Current and DO" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, the current-based protection is activated.
  • Page 157 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 107. Retrip and CBFP when "Current or DO" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, or the TRIP signal reaches the primary protection stage, the function starts counting down towards the RETRIP and CBFP signals.
  • Page 158 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Trip and CBFP in the device configuration Figure. 4.4.8 - 108. Wiring diagram when Trip and CBFP are configured to the device. Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function.
  • Page 159 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 109. CBFP when "Current" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, the current-based protection is activated and the counter for CBFP starts calculating the set operating time. The tripping of the primary protection stage is not monitored in this configuration.
  • Page 160 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 110. CBFP when "Current and DO" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, the current-based protection is activated.
  • Page 161 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.8 - 111. CBFP when "Current or DO" is the selected criterion. When the current threshold setting of I and/or I0 is exceeded, or the TRIP signal reaches the primary protection stage, the function starts counting down towards the CBFP signal.
  • Page 162 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.8 - 112. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 163 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Some applications require a dedicated circuit breaker protection unit. When the CBFP function is configured to operate with a digital input signal, it can be used in these applications. When a device is used for this purpose, the tripping signal is wired to the device's digital input and the device's own TRIP signal is used only for the CBFP purpose.

  • Page 164: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names CBF1 Retrip ON CBF1 Retrip OFF CBF1 CBFP ON CBF1 CBFP OFF CBF1 Block ON CBF1 Block OFF CBF1 DO monitor ON CBF1 DO monitor OFF CBF1 Signal ON...
  • Page 165 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.9 - 114. Simplified function block diagram of the U> function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of line-to-line or line-to-neutral (as the user selects).
  • Page 166 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.9 - 115. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.9 - 116. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). ©...
  • Page 167 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.9 - 117. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 2LL+U3+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). P-P Voltages and P-E Voltages selections follow phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltages in the first three voltage channels (or two first voltage channels in the 2LL+U3+U4 mode).
  • Page 168 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.9 - 105. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description • 1 voltage Operation mode • 2 voltages 1 voltage Pick-up criteria selection • 3 voltages 50.00…150.00%U 0.01%U 105%U Pick-up setting...
  • Page 169 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 If the blocking signal is active when the pick-up element activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset.
  • Page 170 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power.

  • Page 171: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names OV1...OV4 Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED.
  • Page 172 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of line-to-line or line-to-neutral (as the user selects). If the protection is based on line-to-line voltage, undervoltage protection is not affected by earth faults in isolated or compensated networks.
  • Page 173 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.10 - 119. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 4.4.10 - 120. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). ©...
  • Page 174 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.10 - 121. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 2LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). P-P Voltages and P-E Voltages selections follow phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltages in the first three voltage channels (or two first voltage channels in the 2LL+U3+U4 mode).
  • Page 175 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description U Block Block setting. If set to zero, blocking is not in use. The 0.00…100.00%U 0.01%U 10%U setting operation is explained in the next chapter. Using Block setting to prevent nuisance trips It is recommended to use the Block setting parameter to prevent the device from tripping in a situation where the network is de-energized.
  • Page 176 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs.
  • Page 177 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Where: • t = operating time • k = time dial setting • U = measured voltage • U = pick-up setting • a = IDMT multiplier setting The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics.
  • Page 178 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Continue time Time calculation characteristics selection. If activated, the calculation • No operating time counter continues until a set release time during • Yes even when the pick-up element is reset.

  • Page 179: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description Fault voltage Start/Trip voltage Pre-fault voltage Start -200ms voltage Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active 4.4.11 Neutral overvoltage protection (U0>; 59N) The neutral overvoltage function is used for non-directional instant and time-delayed earth fault protection.
  • Page 180 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.11 - 125. Close-distance short-circuit between phases 1 and 3. Figure. 4.4.11 - 126. Simplified function block diagram of the U0> function. Measured input The function block uses phase-to-neutral voltage magnitudes or calculated zero sequence component (as the user selects).
  • Page 181 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. Table.
  • Page 182 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Primary voltage required for tripping. The displayed pick-up U0> Pick- voltage level depends on the chosen U0 measurement input 0.0...1 000 000.0V 0.1V up setting selection, on the pick-up settings and on the voltage transformer settings.
  • Page 183 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • t = operating time • k = time dial setting • U = measured voltage • U = pick-up setting • a = IDMT multiplier setting The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics. Table.
  • Page 184 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 In the release delay option the operating time counter calculates the operating time during the release. When using this option the function does not trip if the input signal is not re-activated while the release time count is on-going.

  • Page 185: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.4.12 Sequence voltage protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59PN) The sequence voltage function is used for instant and time-delayed voltage protection. It has positive and negative sequence protection for both overvoltage and undervoltage (the user selects the needed function).
  • Page 186 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.12 - 129. Close-distance short-circuit between phases 1 and 3. Negative sequence voltage calculation Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation).
  • Page 187 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.12 - 132. Close-distance short-circuit between phases 1 and 3. Figure. 4.4.12 - 133. Simplified function block diagram of the U1/U2>/< function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase-to-phase, phase-to-neutral and zero sequence voltage measurements.
  • Page 188 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. Table.
  • Page 189 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.12 - 134. Example of the block setting operation. Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 190 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time.
  • Page 191 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.12 - 132. Setting parameters for reset time characteristics. Name Range Step Default Description Resetting time. Time allowed between pick-ups if the pick-up Release has not led to a trip operation. During this time the 0.000…150.000s 0.005s 0.06s time delay START signal is held on for the timers if the delayed pick-up...

  • Page 192: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED.
  • Page 193 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.13 - 135. Simplified function block diagram of the f> function. Figure. 4.4.13 - 136. Simplified function block diagram of the f< function. Measured input The frequency protection function compares the measured frequency to the pick-up setting (given in Hz).
  • Page 194 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.13 - 136. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description f> enable f>> enable f>>> enable f>>>> enable • No Enables or disables the stage. f<...
  • Page 195 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operating time characteristics for trip and reset This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 196: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.13 - 139. Event messages. Event block name Event names FRQV1 f>/< Start ON FRQV1 f>/< Start OFF FRQV1 f>/< Trip ON FRQV1 f>/< Trip OFF FRQV1 f>/<...
  • Page 197 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.14 - 137. Operation of the df/dt>/< function when the frequency starts but doesn’t trip. The figure above presents an example of the df/dt>/< function's operation when the frequency is decreasing.
  • Page 198 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Measured input The rate-of-change of frequency protection function compares the measured df/dt>/< ratio to the pick- up setting (given in Hz/s). There are three (3) frequency references available. Please refer to "Frequency tracking and scaling"...
  • Page 199 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Defines the operation mode of the protection • Rising stage. In "Rising" mode df/dt function can trip only df/dt>/< (1…8) • Falling Rising from increasing frequency.
  • Page 200 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Function blocking The block signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle. The blocking signal is received from the blocking matrix in the function's dedicated input. If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation.

  • Page 201: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description f Fault (Hz) Fault frequency Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active 4.4.15 Power protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32) The power protection function is for instant and time-delayed, three-phase overpower or underpower protection (active, reactive, or apparent).
  • Page 202 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.15 - 140. Simplified function block diagram of the power protection function. Measured input The function block uses three phase currents and line-to-neutral or line-to-line voltages to calculate active, reactive or apparent power (as the uset chooses).
  • Page 203 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.15 - 148. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description • Normal PQS>/< force • Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal status to •...
  • Page 204 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Displays the nominal power used by the function. This Nominal MVA parameter is displayed if "Nominal MVA reference" 0.000...1800.000MVA 0.001MVA used parameter has been set to "Use Gen nom MVA" or "Use Trafo nom MVA".

  • Page 205: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. Table. 4.4.15 - 151. Event messages. Event block name Event names PWR1...PWR4 Start ON PWR1...PWR4 Start OFF PWR1...PWR4...
  • Page 206 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.16 - 141. Operating characteristics of power factor protection. Figure. 4.4.16 - 142. Simplified function block diagram of the PF> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 207 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Measured input The function block uses three phase power factor (cos phi). Please refer to "Power and energy calculation" chapter for a detailed description of how cos phi is calculated. Table.
  • Page 208 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 209 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operating time characteristics for trip and reset This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 210: Machine Thermal Overload Protection (Tm>; 49M)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active 4.4.17 Machine thermal overload protection (TM>; 49M) The thermal overload protection function for machines is used for the thermal capacity monitoring and protection of electric machines like synchronous and asynchronous motors and generators.
  • Page 211 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 144. Short time constant thermal image calculation. Where: • θ = Thermal image status in a previous calculation cycle (the memory of the function) • I = (see below) •...
  • Page 212 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 145. Thermal image calculation with nominal conditions: single time constant thermal replica. The described behavior is based on the assumption that the monitored object has a homogenous body which generates and dissipates heat with a rate proportional to the temperature rise caused by the current squared.
  • Page 213 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • t = Measured (set) ambient temperature (can be set in ̊C or ̊F) • t = Maximum temperature (can be set in ̊C or ̊F) for the protected object •...
  • Page 214 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 147. Ambient temperature coefficient calculation (linear approximation, indefinite points). As mentioned in the previous diagram, the reference temperature for electric machines usually is +40 ̊C; this gives a correction coefficient of 1.00 which can be referred to as the nominal temperature in this case.
  • Page 215 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 148. Factors affecting the cooling and current-carrying capacity of a cable. The current-carrying capacity of a cable mostly depends on the conductor's material and its diameter. The second most important factor is the cable's insulating material and how much it can withstand temperature.
  • Page 216 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Any normal induction machine such as electric motors have the following major components: • the rotor: rotates, its shaft used as a power outlet for the motor (drive end), •...
  • Page 217 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When the motor is energized the stator generates a magnetic field which induces a voltage to the squirrel cage rotor. While the rotor is not yet rotating, the induced voltage and the current it causes are at maximum in the rotor.
  • Page 218 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Once the motor has started and is running with or without a load, the heat generation is switched between the rotor and the stator. When the rotor's rotating is within the range of the nominal slip, the magnetic fields of the rotor and the stator "cut"...
  • Page 219 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 If the motor is overloaded, the stator winding starts to heat up according to its heating time constant. If the overload is not released in time, it can lead to the melting of the stator's winding insulations which in turn leads to a short-circuit;...
  • Page 220 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 150. Running motor's temperature with thermal image camera. Measuring the rotor's temperature is very complicated due to its rotating nature. This is why normally there are no measurements available and why the protection of the rotor always requires a calculated thermal image.
  • Page 221 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 151. Measured motor temperature in heating/cooling test. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 222 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 152. Matching thermal replicas to the measured thermal capacity of the motor. As can be seen in the figures above, when the motor is loaded with a constant current both of the replicas (single and dual time constant) follow the motor heating quite accurately.
  • Page 223 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 153. Example of thermal limit curves in a motor. From motor thermal limit curves –if available– one can see the time constants for overloading as well as the safe stall times for hot and cold situations.
  • Page 224 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 154. Comparing single time constant thermal replica tripping curves to given motor thermal characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 225 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 155. Comparing dual time constant thermal replica tripping curves to given motor thermal characteristics. As the figures above have shown, with estimated time constants from the motor thermal limit curves the single time constant model underprotects the motor in the stall condition when the motor is cold.
  • Page 226 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 156. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 0% (cold). Figure. 4.4.17 - 157. Thermal tripping curves with single time constant, pre-load 90% (hot). ©...
  • Page 227 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 158. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre-load 0% (cold) Figure. 4.4.17 - 159. Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor, pre- load 90% (hot).
  • Page 228 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 160. Thermal cooling curves, single cooling time constant. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 229 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 161. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic dual time constant. Figure. 4.4.17 - 162. Thermal cooling curves, dynamic triple time constant (motor is running without load in the first part with dedicated time constant).
  • Page 230 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 163. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 1. Figure. 4.4.17 - 164. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 3. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 231 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.17 - 165. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 7. Figure. 4.4.17 - 166. NPS-biased thermal trip curves with k value of 10. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 232 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Function inputs and outputs The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running.
  • Page 233 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • Normal • Blocked • Alarm1 TM> Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Status • Alarm2 Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Force to •...
  • Page 234 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Prot.funcs. Description - motor status monitoring - machine thermal overload The motor's locked rotor current with the protection Nominal nominal voltage. This setting is used for (TM>;...
  • Page 235 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Prot.funcs. Description - motor status monitoring - machine The maximum locked rotor current of the thermal motor. This setting defines the current limit overload which is maximum current for the motor to protection draw in locked rotor situation (starting or...
  • Page 236 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Prot.funcs. Description - motor status monitoring - machine thermal The motor's no load current. This setting overload defines the "Stopped" condition when the No load protection 0.1…40.0xI 0.1xI...
  • Page 237 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Prot.funcs. Description - motor status monitoring - machine thermal overload The safe stall time when the motor is cold. protection Unless this value is specified, it is set to be (TM>;...
  • Page 238 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Estimate • Set The selection of whether the function estimates short time short TC manually constants for heating and cooling. It also selects the timing for •...
  • Page 239 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description The estimated setting for short heating time constant for "hot" motor status. This time constant defines the locked rotor Short and stalled tripping curve selection. This setting value is heat T 0…500.0min 1.0min...
  • Page 240 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.17 - 165. Environmental settings Name Range Step Default Description • A • B Dev. temp • F The maximum allowed temperature for the protected object. The (tmax) •...
  • Page 241 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Amb. The coefficient value for the temperature reference point. The temp. 0.01…5.00 1.00 0.01 coefficient and temperature reference points must be set as pairs. k1...k10 This setting is visible if "Ambient lin.
  • Page 242 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Function blocking The block signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle. The blocking signal is received from the blocking matrix in the function's dedicated input. If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation.
  • Page 243 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description • Nominal current calc TM> Setting • Nominal Indicates if nominal current calculation is set wrong and actually used setting is alarm current set 1.0. Visible only when there is a setting fault. fault.
  • Page 244 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Description / values Restart inhibits The number of times the function has activated the Restart inhibit output Trips The number of times the function has tripped Trips Blocked The number of times the function trips has been blocked Events and registers The machine thermal overload protection function (abbreviated "TOLM"...

  • Page 245: Underexcitation Protection (Q<; 40)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Event names Active meas. current T at a given moment Max. temp. rise allowed degrees Temp. rise at a given moment degrees Hot spot estimate degrees Hot spot max. all. degrees Trip delay rem.
  • Page 246 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.18 - 169. Simplified function block diagram of the Q< function. Measured input The function block uses three-phase reactive power values. Please refer to "Power and energy calculation"...
  • Page 247 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.18 - 174. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description • Fixed Qset Decides whether the pick-up area is defines only by the • P- Fixed < parameter or by two points set in the PQ plane. mode dependent In Fixed mode: sets the pick-up value for the function.
  • Page 248 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 If the blocking signal is active when the pick-up element activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and processes the release time characteristics similarly to when the pick-up signal is reset.

  • Page 249: Stator Earth Fault Protection (U03Rd<; 64S)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active 4.4.19 100 % stator earth fault protection (U03rd<; 64S) When using conventional neutral overvoltage protection function (U0>; 59N) even in the best case scenario at least 5 % of the stator remains outside the function's range.
  • Page 250 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.19 - 171. Simplified function block diagram of the U03rd> function. Measured input The function block uses 3 harmonic voltage value of the user selected voltage channel. The function uses fundamental frequency component of phase currents to calculated positive sequence current.
  • Page 251 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.19 - 179. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description • Normal U03rd< force • Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Normal status to •...
  • Page 252 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Displays used voltage measurement channel. If both • No U0 avail! U3 and U4 channels have been set to "U0" mode the < measuring •...
  • Page 253 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Where: • t = operating time • k = time dial setting • U = measured voltage • U = pick-up setting • a = IDMT multiplier setting The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics.
  • Page 254 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Continue time Time calculation characteristics selection. If activated, the calculation • No operating time counter continues until a set release time has during •...

  • Page 255: Voltage-Restrained Overcurrent Protection (Iv>; 51V)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description Pre-fault voltage Start -200ms voltage Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Setting group in use Setting group 1...8 active 4.4.20 Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection (Iv>; 51V) Short-circuits that occur close to the generator decrease the fault current which in turn inhibits the operation of a high-set overcurrent stage.
  • Page 256 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.20 - 173. Simplified function block diagram of the Iv> function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase current measurement values. The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase-to-phase, phase-to-neutral and zero sequence voltage.
  • Page 257 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up settings The Iv1 , Iv2 , Ux1 , Ux2 setting parameters and the positive sequence voltage measurement control the pick-up level of the voltage-restrained overcurrent protection function. The pick-up level defines the maximum allowed measured current before action from the function.
  • Page 258 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down remaining to -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left trip before tripping occurs.

  • Page 259: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.20 - 190. Event messages. Event block name Event names VOC1 Start ON VOC1 Start OFF VOC1 Trip ON VOC1 Trip OFF VOC1 Block ON VOC1 Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers.
  • Page 260 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.21 - 174. Effect of pick-up settings and the measured frequency to the overvoltage function's pick-up level. Figure. 4.4.21 - 175. Simplified function block diagram of the V/Hz> function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase-to-phase voltage measurements.
  • Page 261 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 NOTICE! TICE! The used sampling mode for frequency must be "Tracking". Table. 4.4.21 - 192. Measurement inputs of the volts-per-hertz function. Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage channel...
  • Page 262 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Alarm delay 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s 0.040s The definite operation time delay for alarm event. (DT) • DT • Inverse Delay type Selects the delay type(s) for the time counter. •...
  • Page 263 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.21 - 177. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the inverse constant setting effect. Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 264 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Description Nominal volts-per-hertz ratio (voltage in per-unit value -100.000...100.000V/ Nominal U/f 0.001V/Hz divided by nominal frequency). When 50Hz is used nominal U/f U/f at the -100.000...100.000V/ 0.001V/Hz Volts-per-hertz at the moment.

  • Page 265: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names VHZ1 V/Hz (1...2) Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content.
  • Page 266 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.22 - 178. Operating characteristics of underimpedance protection. Figure. 4.4.22 - 179. Simplified function block diagram of the Z< function. Measured input The function block uses phase currents and phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral voltage measurement values.
  • Page 267 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of voltage channel U Fundamental frequency component of voltage channel U General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group.
  • Page 268 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.22 - 201. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • Normal • Start Z< condition Displays status of the protection function. • Trip • Blocked Expected operating 0.000...1800.000s...

  • Page 269: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.22 - 202. Event messages. Event block name Event names UIM1...UIM2 Start ON UIM1...UIM2 Start OFF UIM1...UIM2 Trip ON UIM1...UIM2 Trip OFF UIM1...UIM2 Block ON UIM1...UIM2 Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers.
  • Page 270 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.23 - 180. Simplified function block diagram of the resistance temperature detection function. Settings Setting up an RTD measurement, the user first needs to set the measurement module to scan the wanted RTD elements.
  • Page 271 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description • Deg C Selects the measurement temperature S1...S16 Deg C/Dec F Deg C • Deg F scale (Celsius or Fahrenheit). Displays the measurement value in the S1...S16 Measurement - selected temperature scale.

  • Page 272: Programmable Stage (Psx>/<; 99)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events The resistance temperature detector function (abbreviated "RTD" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.
  • Page 273 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.24 - 206. Phase and residual current measurements (IL1, IL2, IL3, Io1 and Io2) Name Description ILx ff (p.u.) Fundamental frequency RMS value (in p.u.) ILx 2 ILx 2 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 3...
  • Page 274 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Description I02ResP I02 primary current of a current-resistive component I02CapP I02 primary current of a current-capacitive component I02ResS I02 secondary current of a current-resistive component I02CapS I02 secondary current of a current-capacitive component Table.
  • Page 275 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Description Q3PH Three-phase reactive power Q (kvar) tanfi3PH Three-phase active power direction cosfi3PH Three-phase reactive power direction Phase apparent power L1 / L2 / L3 S (kVA) Phase active power L1 / L2 / L3 P (kW) Phase reactive power L1 / L2 / L3 Q (kVar) tanfiLx...
  • Page 276 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.24 - 212. Conductances, susceptances and admittances (L1, L2, L3) Name Description GLxPri Conductance G L1, L2, L3 primary (mS) BLxPri Susceptance B L1, L2, L3 primary (mS) YLxPriMag Admittance Y L1, L2, L3 primary (mS) GLxSec...
  • Page 277 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Magnitude multiplier Programmable stages can be set to follow one, two or three analog measurements with the PSx >/< Measurement setting parameter. The user must choose a measurement signal value to be compared to the set value, and possibly also set a scaling for the signal.
  • Page 278 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description PSx >/< CalcMeasMag/ -5 000 000...5 000 The ratio between calculated magnitude and the pick-up MagSet at the setting. moment Pick-up settings The Pick-up setting Mag setting parameter controls the pick-up of the PSx>/< function. This defines the maximum or minimum allowed measured magnitude before action from the function.
  • Page 279 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Mode Description L L ess than ess than. If the measured signal is less than the set pick-up level, the comparison Under < condition is fulfilled. The user can also set a blocking limit: the comparison is not active when the measured value is less than the set blocking limit.

  • Page 280: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.24 - 218. Event messages. Event block name Event names PS1...10 >/< Start ON PS1...10 >/< Start OFF PS1...10 >/< Trip ON PS1...10 >/< Trip OFF PS1...10 >/< Block ON PS1...10 >/<...
  • Page 281 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.25 - 181. Protection device equipped with arc protection. The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel.
  • Page 282 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Outputs Activation condition I/I0 Arc> Zone 1 BLOCKED I/I0 Arc> Zone 2 BLOCKED All required conditions for tripping the zone are met (light OR light and current) but the I/I0 Arc>...
  • Page 283 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.25 - 182. Scheme with AQ-101 arc protection relays. To set the zones for the AQ-200 models sensor channels start by enabling the protected zones (in this case, Zones 1 and 2).
  • Page 284 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.4.25 - 183. Scheme with AQ-200 protection devices. The settings for the device supervising the incoming feeder are the same as in the first example. The devices supervising the busbar and the outgoing feeder, however, have a different setting. Both Zones 2 and 3 need to be enabled as there are sensors connected to both Zone 2 and 3 starts.
  • Page 285 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.4.25 - 221. Measurement inputs of the U1/U2>/< function. Signal Description Time base samples Samples received by I current measurement channel samples Samples received by I current measurement channel samples Samples received by I current measurement channel...
  • Page 286 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description Channel sensor status Channel sensor Displays the status of the sensor channel. If the number of sensors status • Sensors OK connected to the channel does not match with the set "Channel 1/2/3/ •...
  • Page 287 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Zone1/2/ • Disabled 3/4 Light 1 Disabled Light detected in sensor channel 1 trips the zone. • Enabled Enabled Zone1/2/ • Disabled 3/4 Light 2 Disabled Light detected in sensor channel 2 trips the zone.
  • Page 288 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • Ph Curr Blocked • Ph Curr Start • Res Curr Blocked • Res Curr Start • Channel1 Light • Channel1 Pressure • Channel2 Light • Channel2 Pressure •...
  • Page 289 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names ARC1 Phase current Start OFF ARC1 Residual current Blocked ON ARC1 Residual current Blocked OFF ARC1 Residual current Start ON ARC1 Residual current Start OFF ARC1 Channel 1...4 Light ON ARC1...

  • Page 290: Control Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.5 Control functions 4.5.1 Common signals Common signals function has all protection function start and trip signals internally connected to Common START and TRIP output signals. When any of the activated protection functions generate a START or a TRIP signal, Common signals function will also generate the same signal.

  • Page 291: Setting Group Selection

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events The common signals function (abbreviated "GNSIG" in event block names) generates events from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.
  • Page 292 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Setting group selection can be applied to each of the setting groups individually by activating one of the various internal logic inputs and connected digital inputs. The user can also force any of the setting groups on when the "Force SG change"...
  • Page 293 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • None • SG1 The selection of the overriding setting group. After "Force SG change" • SG2 is enabled, any of the configured setting groups in the device can be •...
  • Page 294 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Description Setting The selection of Setting group 6 ("SG6"). Has the third lowest priority input in setting group control. group Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, SG7 and SG8 requests will not be processed.
  • Page 295 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Depending on the application's requirements, the setting group control can be applied either with a one-wire connection or with a two-wire connection by monitoring the state of the Petersen coil connection.
  • Page 296 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.2 - 188. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status with additional logic. The images above depict a two-wire connection from the Petersen coil: the two images at the top show a direct connection, while the two images on the bottom include additional logic.
  • Page 297 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.2 - 189. Entirely application-controlled setting group change with the cold load pick-up function. In these examples the cold load pick-up function's output is used for the automatic setting group change.

  • Page 298: Object Control And Monitoring

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names Remote Change SG Request OFF Local Change SG Request ON Local Change SG Request OFF Force Change SG ON Force Change SG OFF SG Request Fail Not configured SG ON SG Request Fail Not configured SG OFF Force Request Fail Force ON...
  • Page 299 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.3 - 190. Simplified function block diagram of the object control and monitoring function. Settings The following parameters help the user to define the object. The operation of the function varies based on these settings and the selected object type.
  • Page 300 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description • Withdrawable The selection of the object type. This selection defines the circuit breaker number of required digital inputs for the monitored object. This •...
  • Page 301 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.3 - 235. Object types. Name Functionalities Description Breaker cart position Circuit breaker position Circuit breaker control Withdrawable circuit Object ready check before The monitor and control configuration of the breaker closing breaker withdrawable circuit breaker.
  • Page 302 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.3 - 237. Operation settings. Name Range Step Default Description Determines the maximum time between open and close statuses when the breaker switches. If this set time is exceeded and both Breaker 0.02…500.00 0.02...
  • Page 303 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Blocking and interlocking The interlocking and blocking conditions can be set for each controllable object, with Open and Close set separately. Blocking and interlocking can be based on any of the following: other object statuses, a software function or a digital input.
  • Page 304 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events and registers The object control and monitoring function (abbreviated "OBJ" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.
  • Page 305 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Description OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Command Fail OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Command Fail OBJ1...OBJ5 Final trip On OBJ1...OBJ5 Final trip Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Contact Abrasion Alarm On OBJ1...OBJ5 Contact Abrasion Alarm Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Switch Operating Time Exceeded On OBJ1...OBJ5...

  • Page 306: Indicator Object Monitoring

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.5.4 Indicator object monitoring The indicator object monitoring function takes care of the status monitoring of disconnectors. The function's sole purpose is indication and does not therefore have any control functionality. To control circuit breakers and/or disconnectors, please use the Object control and monitoring function.

  • Page 307: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events The indicator object monitoring function (abbreviated "CIN" in event block names) generates events from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.
  • Page 308 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 192. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.5 - 193. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage).
  • Page 309 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 194. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.5 - 195. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). ©...
  • Page 310 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 196. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 311 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 197. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 312 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 198. Example application (synchrocheck over three breakers, with 2LL+U3+U4 connection). NOTICE! TICE! When synchrocheck is used over three breakers, SYN1 and SYN2 must have the same reference voltage.
  • Page 313 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 199. System states. Figure. 4.5.5 - 200. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 314 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.5 - 201. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN3 function. Measured input The function block uses user selected voltage channels. The function monitors frequency, angle and fundamental frequency component value of the selected channels.
  • Page 315 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.5 - 245. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description • SYN1 Blocked • SYN1 Ok • SYN1 Bypass • SYN1 SYN condition Vcond Ok Displays status of the control function.
  • Page 316 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Setting parameters NOTE! TE! Before these settings can be accessed, a voltage channel (U3 or U4) must be set into the synchrocheck mode ("SS") in the voltage transformer settings ( Measurements → VT Module ). The general settings can be found at the synchrocheck function's INFO tab, while the synchrocheck stage settings can be found in the Settings tab ( Control →...
  • Page 317 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Disables or enables synchroswitching. Synchroswitching is available only for SYN1. When synchroswitching is used, the SYNx • Not in use Not in function automatically closes the breaker when Switching •...
  • Page 318 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description The maximum allowed voltage difference between SYNx U diff < 2.00…50.00%Un 0.01%Un 2.00%Un the systems. SYNx The maximum allowed angle difference between 3.00…90.00deg 0.01deg 3deg angle diff <...
  • Page 319 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Event block name Event names SYNX1 SYN1 Angle difference Ok Off SYNX1 SYN1 Frequency difference Ok On SYNX1 SYN1 Frequency difference Ok On SYNX1 SYN1 Live Live Condition On SYNX1 SYN1 Live Live Condition Off SYNX1...

  • Page 320: Milliampere Output Control

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.5.5 - 249. Register content. Name Range Date and time...
  • Page 321 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.6 - 250. Main settings (output channels). Name Range Default Description Enable mA output channels 1 and 2 mA option • Disabled Enables and disables the outputs of Disabled card 1 •...
  • Page 322 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.6 - 202. Example of the effects of mA output channel settings. Table. 4.5.6 - 252. Hardware indications. Name Range Description Hardware in mA output channels • None 1...4 •...

  • Page 323: Vector Jump (Δφ; 78)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.5.7 Vector jump (Δφ; 78) Distribution systems may include different kinds of distributed power generation sources, such as wind farms and diesel or fuel generators. When a fault occurs in the distribution system, it is usually detected and isolated by the protection system closest to the faulty point, resulting in the electrical power system shutting dow either partially or completely.
  • Page 324 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.7 - 254. Measurement inputs of the vector jump function. Signal Description Time base CMPLX The complex vector of U /V voltage channel CMPLX The complex vector of U /V voltage channel CMPLX The complex vector of U...
  • Page 325 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.7 - 205. Vector jump from the function's point of view. The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group.
  • Page 326 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting Δα 0.05…30.00° 0.01° 5° Pick-up setting for alarm signal (lead or lag) Alarm Undervoltage block Block setting. When measured voltage is below 0.01…100.00%U 0.01%U 95%U...

  • Page 327: Programmable Control Switch

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Events and registers The vector jump function (abbreviated "VJP" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both.
  • Page 328 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Settings. These settings can be accessed at Control → Device I/O → Programmable control switch . Table. 4.5.8 - 260. Settings. Name Range Default Description The user-settable name of the selected switch. The name Switch name Switchx can be up to 32 characters long.

  • Page 329: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.5.9 Analog input scaling curves Sometimes when measuring with RTD inputs, milliampere inputs and digital inputs the measurement might be inaccurate because the signal coming from the source is inaccurate. One common example of this is tap changer location indication signal not changing linearly from step to step.
  • Page 330 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Curve 1...10 input • No Enables calculation of the average of received signal filtering • Yes signal. Time constant for input signal filtering. Curve 1...10 input 0.005...3800.000 signal filter time...

  • Page 331: Logical Outputs

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description • Floating point • Integer Scaled value Floating (Floor) Rounds the milliampere signal output as selected. handling point • Integer (Ceiling) • Integer (Nearest) 0.000 Input value 1...
  • Page 332 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.10 - 206. Logic output example. Logical output is connected to an output relay in matrix. Logical output descriptions Logical outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: •...

  • Page 333: Logical Inputs

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.10 - 265. Event messages. Event block name Event names LOGIC1 Logical out 1...32 ON LOGIC1 Logical out 1...32 OFF 4.5.11 Logical inputs Logical inputs are binary signals that a user can control manually to change the behavior of the AQ-200 unit or to give direct control commands.
  • Page 334 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.5.11 - 208. Extending a logical input pulse. Logical input descriptions Logical inputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: •...

  • Page 335: Monitoring Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.5.11 - 267. Event messages. Event block name Event names LOGIC2 Logical in 1...32 ON LOGIC2 Logical in 1...32 OFF 4.6 Monitoring functions 4.6.1 Current transformer supervision The current transformer supervision function (abbreviated CTS in this document) is used for monitoring the CTs as well as the wirings between the device and the CT inputs for malfunctions and wire breaks.
  • Page 336 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.1 - 210. Simplified function block diagram of the CTS function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase current measurement values and residual current measurement values. The function supervises the angle of each current measurement channel.
  • Page 337 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of phase L3 (C) current Fundamental frequency component of residual input I01 Fundamental frequency component of residual input I02 General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function.
  • Page 338 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Determines the pick-up threshold for phase current measurement. This setting limit defines the lower limit for 0.01…40.00×I 0.01×I 0.10×I the phase current's pick-up element. limit This condition has to be met for the function to activate.
  • Page 339 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 If the blocking signal is active when the pick-up element activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset.
  • Page 340 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.1 - 212. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm.
  • Page 341 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.1 - 214. No wiring fault but heavy unbalance. If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting.
  • Page 342 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 If the I high limit and I low limit setting parameters are adjusted according to the application's normal behavior, the operation of the function can be set to be very sensitive for broken circuit and conductor faults.
  • Page 343 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When phase current wire is broken all of the conditions are met in the CTS and alarm shall be issued in case if the situation continues until the set alarming time is met. Figure.

  • Page 344: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 In this example there is a high-impedance earth fault. It does not activate the function, if the measurement conditions are met, while the calculated and measured residual current difference does not reach the limit.
  • Page 345 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.2 - 220. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. Figure. 4.6.2 - 221. Simplified function block diagram of the VTS function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of voltage measurement channels. The function uses calculated positive, negative and zero sequence voltages.
  • Page 346 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Time base Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Fundamental frequency component of U /V voltage measurement Pick-up settings The Voltage low pick-up and Voltage high detect setting parameters control the voltage-dependent pick-up and activation of the voltage transformer supervision function.
  • Page 347 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Description Bus Live VTS problem Any of the VTS pick-up conditions are met. Read-only parameters The function's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the device's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the device and its Live Edit mode is active.
  • Page 348 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operating time characteristics for activation This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function"...

  • Page 349: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Register Description • No voltage Volt 1, 2, 3, 4 status • Voltage OK • Low voltage • Bus dead • Bus live, VTS OK, Seq. OK System status •...
  • Page 350 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.3 - 223. Simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. Measured input The function block uses fundamental frequency component of phase current measurement values. Table.
  • Page 351 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.6.3 - 281. Settings for circuit breaker characteristics. Name Range Step Default Description Operations The number of interrupting life operations at the nominal 0…200 000 50 000 current (Close - Open).
  • Page 352 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Now, we set the stage as follows: Parameter Setting Current 1 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations...
  • Page 353 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 With these settings, Alarm 1 is issued when the cumulative interruption counter for any of the three phases dips below the set 1000 remaining operations ("Alarm 1 Set"). Similarly, when any of the counters dips below 100 remaining operations, Alarm 2 is issued.

  • Page 354: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.6.3 - 285. Register content. Register Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Trigger current Phase currents on trigger time Deducted Op L1/L2/L3 Deducted operations from the cumulative sum Operations left L1/L2/L3 Operations left 4.6.4 Current total harmonic distortion (THD)
  • Page 355 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.4 - 225. Simplified function block diagram of the total harmonic distortion monitor function. Measured input The function block uses phase and residual current measurement channels. The function always uses FFT measurement of the whole harmonic specter of 32 components from each measured current channel.
  • Page 356 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up settings The Phase , I01 and I02 s etting parameters control the the pick-up and activation of the function. They define the maximum allowed measured current THD before action from the function. Before the function activates alarm signals, their corresponding pick-up elements need to be activated with the setting parameters Enable phase THD alarm , Enable I01 THD alarm and Enable I02 THD alarm .
  • Page 357 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.6.4 - 289. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Description • Normal • Start THD condition Displays status of the monitoring function. • Alarm • Blocked Function blocking The block signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle.

  • Page 358: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.6.4 - 291. Event messages. Event block name Event names THD1 THD Start Phase ON THD1 THD Start Phase OFF THD1 THD Start I01 ON THD1 THD Start I01 OFF THD1 THD Start I02 ON THD1...
  • Page 359 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The recorder provides a great tool to analyze the performance of the power system during network disturbance situations. The recorder's output is in general COMTRADE format and it is compatible with most viewers and injection devices.
  • Page 360 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description USup Voltage measurement module voltage supply supervision (VT card 1) Phase current I (CT card 3) IL1''' IL2''' Phase current I (CT card 3) IL3''' Phase current I (CT card 3) Residual current I coarse* (CT card 3)
  • Page 361 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Signal Description Secondary phase Primary positive/negative/zero Sec.Pha.curr.ILx current ILx (IL1, IL2, Pri.Pos./Neg./Zero seq.curr. sequence current IL3) Primary residual Pos./Neg./Zero Positive/Negative/Zero sequence Pri.Res.curr.I0x current I0x (I01, I02) seq.curr.angle current angle Residual current angle...
  • Page 362 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Signal Description Positive/Negative/ Pos/Neg./Zero Magnitude of the system voltage Zero sequence voltage System volt U0 mag seq.Volt.p.u. in per-unit values Primary positive/ Pos./Neg./Zero Magnitude of the system voltage negative/ System volt U0 mag(kV) seq.Volt.pri...
  • Page 363 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Signal Description POW1 3PH Three-phase apparent Apparent power Curve x Output Output of Curve x (1, 2, 3, 4) power POW1 3PH Three-phase apparent Apparent power power in megavolt- Enablefbasedfunctions(VT1) Enable frequency-based functions (S MVA)
  • Page 364 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signal Description Signal Description Open/close Active if buttons I or 0 in the Internal Relay Fault If the unit has an internal fault, this control unit's front panel are pressed. active signal is active.
  • Page 365 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description • Recorder ready • Recording triggered Recorder • Recording Indicates the status of recorder. status and storing • Storing recording • Recorder full • Wrong config Clears selected recording.
  • Page 366 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Default Description Selects what happens when the memory is full. • FIFO "FIFO" (= first in, first out) replaces the oldest stored Recording mode FIFO • Keep olds recording with the latest one.
  • Page 367 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • total sample reserve = the number of samples available in the FTP when no other files are saved; calculated by dividing the total number of available bytes by 4 bytes (=the size of one sample); e.g. 64 306 588 bytes/4 bytes = 16 076 647 samples.
  • Page 368 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.5 - 226. Disturbance recorder settings. Figure. 4.6.5 - 227. Effects of recording length and pre-triggering time signals. This example is based on the settings shown above. When there is at least one recording in the device's memory, that recording can be analyzed by using the AQviewer software (see the image below).

  • Page 369: Event Logger

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes in the events listed below.

  • Page 370: Measurement Recorder

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 4.6.7 Measurement recorder Measurements can be recorded to a file with the measurement recorder. The chosen measurements are recorded at selected intervals. In the "Measurement recorder" window, the measurements the user wants to be recorded can be selected by checking their respective check boxes.
  • Page 371 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.7 - 228. Measurement recorder values viewed with AQtivate PRO. Table. 4.6.7 - 301. Available analog signals. Curr Current mea ent measur surements ements P-P Curr.I”L3 L1 Imp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Pri.Pha.Curr.IL1 P-P Curr.I”01 L1 Imp.React.Ind.E.kvarh...
  • Page 372 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Sec.Pha.Curr.IL3 U1Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I01 U2Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I02 U3Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Calc.I0 U4Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.Mvarh Pha.Curr.IL1 TRMS Sec Pos.Seq.Volt.Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.kvarh Pha.Curr.IL2 TRMS Sec...
  • Page 373 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Res.I01 ampl. THD U4Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.I01 pow. THD Pos.Seq.Volt. Angle Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Res.I02 ampl. THD Neg.Seq.Volt. Angle Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Res.I02 pow. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. Angle Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh P-P Curr.IL1 System Volt UL12 mag Exp.React.Ind.E.kvarh P-P Curr.IL2...
  • Page 374 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L1 System Volt U0 ang S7 Measurement Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L2 System Volt U1 ang S8 Measurement Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L3 System Volt U2 ang S9 Measurement Sec.Res.Curr.I”01 System Volt U3 ang S10 Measurement Sec.Res.Curr.I”02 System Volt U4 ang S11 Measurement...

  • Page 375: Measurement Value Recorder

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pha.IL”2 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Curve3 Input Pha.IL”3 pow. THD L1 Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Curve3 Output Res.I”01 ampl. THD L1 Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Curve4 Input Res.I”01 pow. THD L1 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Curve4 Output Res.I”02 ampl.
  • Page 376 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 4.6.8 - 229. 12 latest recordings can be accessed from HMI if "Fault registers" view has been enabled in "Carousel designer" tool. Measured input The function block uses analog current and voltage measurement values. Based on these values, the device calculates the primary and secondary values of currents, voltages, powers, and impedances as well as other values.
  • Page 377 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Currents Description IL1Ang, IL2Ang, IL3Ang, I01Ang, I02Ang, I0CalcAng, The angles of each measured current. I1Ang, I2Ang V V olta oltages Descrip Description tion UL1Mag, UL2Mag, UL3Mag, UL12Mag, UL23Mag, The magnitudes of phase voltages, of phase-to-phase voltages, and of UL31Mag residual voltages.
  • Page 378 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Currents Description Ref f2 The reference frequency 2. M thermal T The motor thermal temperature. F thermal T The feeder thermal temperature. T thermal T The transformer thermal temperature. RTD meas 1…16 The RTD measurement channels 1…16.
  • Page 379 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 4.6.8 - 302. Reported values. Name Range Description • - • I> Trip • I>> Trip • I>>> Trip • I>>>> Trip • IDir> Trip • IDir>> Trip •...
  • Page 380 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 4 Functions Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description • A(AB) • B(BC) • A-B(AB-BC) • C(CA) • A-C(AB-CA) • B-C(BC-CA) • A-B-C • Overfrequency Voltage fault type The voltage fault type. • Underfrequency •...

  • Page 381: Communica A Tion

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 5 Communication 5.1 Connections menu "Connections" menu is found under "Communication" menu. It contains all basic settings of ethernet port and RS-485 serial port included with every AQ-200 device as well as settings of communication option cards.
  • Page 382 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 5.1 - 305. Virtual Ethernet settings. Name Description Enable virtual adapter (No / Yes) Enable virtual adapter. Off by default. IP address Set IP address of the virtual adapter. Netmask Set netmask of the virtual adapter.

  • Page 383: Time Synchronization

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description • None • ModbutRTU • ModbusIO Protocol • IEC103 Communication protocol used by serial fiber channels. • SPA • DNP3 • IEC101 • Off Echo Enable or disable echo.

  • Page 384: Internal

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 5.2.1 Internal If no external time synchronization source is available the mode should be set to "internal". This means that the AQ-200 device clock runs completely on its own. Time can be set to the device with AQtivate setting tool with Commands →...

  • Page 385: Communication Protocols

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Description NTP-processed 0...4294967295 Displays the number of messages processed by the NTP protocol. message count NOTICE! TICE! A unique IP address must be reserved for the NTP client. The device's IP address cannot be used.
  • Page 386 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description The device can be set to allow object control via • Remote IEC 61850 only from clients that are of category Control Station level control. This would mean that other Remote Control Authority switch •...

  • Page 387: Goose

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description • All • COM A Determines which ports can use GOOSE GOOSE Ethernet port • Double communication. Visible if double ethernet option ethernet card is found in the device.

  • Page 388: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • logic editor • matrix • block settings • • • etc. These settings can be found from Control → Device IO → Logical Signals → GOOSE IN Description . Table.

  • Page 389: Iec 103

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • Time Once the configuration file has been loaded, the user can access the Modbus map of the device via the AQtivate software ( Tools → Communication → Modbus Map ). Please note that holding registers start from 1.

  • Page 390: Iec 101/104

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Slave address 1…254 Defines the IEC 103 slave address for the unit. Measurement interval 0…60 000 ms 1 ms 2000 ms Defines the interval for the measurements update. 5.3.4 IEC 101/104 The standards IEC 60870-5-101 and IEC 60870-5-104 are closely related.
  • Page 391 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Common Defines the common address of the application service data unit address 0…65 534 (ASDU) for the IEC 104 communication protocol. of ASDU APDU The maximum amount of time the slave waits for a transmitted timeout...

  • Page 392: Spa

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Reactive 0.1…1000.0kVar 0.1kVar 2kVar energy deadband Active power deadband 0.1…1000.0kW 0.1kW Reactive 0.1…1000.0kVar 0.1kVar 2kVar power deadband Apparent 0.1…1000.0kVA 0.1kVA 2kVA power deadband Power factor deadband 0.01…0.99 0.01...

  • Page 393: Dnp3

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 NOTICE! TICE! To access SPA map and event list, an .aqs configuration file should be downloaded from the device. 5.3.6 DNP3 DNP3 is a protocol standard which is controlled by the DNP Users Group (www.dnp.org). The implementation of a DNP3 slave is compliant with the DNP3 subset (level) 2, but it also contains some functionalities of the higher levels.
  • Page 394 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Default variations Table. 5.3.6 - 325. Default variations. Name Range Default Description • Var 1 Group 1 variation (BI) Var 1 Selects the variation of the binary signal. •...

  • Page 395: Modbus I/O

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Reactive 0.1…1000.0kVar 0.1kVar 2kVar power deadband Apparent 0.1…1000.0kVA 0.1kVA 2kVA power deadband Power factor deadband 0.01…0.99 0.01 0.05 Frequency deadband 0.01…1.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.1Hz Current deadband 0.01…50.00A 0.01A...

  • Page 396: Analog Fault Registers

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 5.3.7 - 328. Channel settings. Name Range Step Default Description • +/- 20mA • 4…20mA Selects the thermocouple or the mA input connected to the • Type J I/O module.
  • Page 397 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Measurable values Function block uses analog current and voltage measurement values. The device uses these values as the basis when it calculates the primary and secondary values of currents, voltages, powers, impedances and other values.
  • Page 398 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Signals Description tanfi3PH tanfiL1 Tan (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. tanfiL2 tanfiL3 cosfi3PH cosfiL1 Cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL2 cosfiL3 Impedances and admittances RL12, RL23, RL31 XL12, XL23, XL31 RL1, RL2, RL3...
  • Page 399 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 5 Communication Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Name Range Step Default Description Scale current • No Selects whether or not values are scaled to values to primary • Yes primary. • Currents • Voltages Slot X magnitude •...

  • Page 400: Connections And Applica A Tion Examples

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-G215 Figure. 6.1 - 230. AQ-G215 application example with function block diagram. 6.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the generator protection relay.

  • Page 401: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Since three line-to-neutral voltages and the zero sequence voltage (U4) are connected, this application uses the voltage measurement mode "3LN+U0" (see the image below). Additionally, the three phase currents and the residual current (I01) are also connected.

  • Page 402: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 6.3 - 232. ARON connection. The ARON input connection can measure the load symmetrically despite the fact that one of the CTs is missing from the installation. Normally, Phase 2 does not have a current transformer installed as an external fault is much more likely to appear on Lines 1 or 3.
  • Page 403 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 6.4 - 233. Trip circuit supervision with one DI and one non-latched trip output. Note that the digital input that monitors the circuit is normally closed, and the same applies to the alarm relay if one is used.
  • Page 404 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 6.4 - 235. Non-latched trip contact. When the auto-reclosing function is used in feeder applications, the trip output contacts must be non- latched. Trip circuit supervision is generally easier and more reliable to build with non-latched outputs. The open coil remains energized only as long as the circuit breaker is opened and the output releases.
  • Page 405 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The trip circuit with a latched output contact can be monitored, but only when the circuit breaker's status is "Closed". Whenever the breaker is open, the supervision is blocked by an internal logic scheme.

  • Page 406: Construction And Installation Tion

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7 Construction and installation 7.1 Construction AQ-X215 is a member of the modular and scalable AQ-200 series, and it includes three (3) configurable and modular add-on card slots. As a standard configuration the device includes the CPU module (which consists of the CPU, a number of inputs and outputs, and the power supply) as well as one separate voltage measurement module and one separate current measurement module.
  • Page 407 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The figure below presents the start-up hardware scan order of the device as well as the I/O naming principles. Figure. 7.1 - 239. AQ-X215 hardware scanning and I/O naming principles. 1.

  • Page 408: Cpu Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 6. Scan Scans Slot E, and moves to the next slot if Slot E is empty. If the scan finds an 8DI module, it reserves the designations "DI4", "DI5", "DI6", "DI7", "DI8", "DI9", "DI10" and "DI11" to this slot. If Slot C also has an 8DI module (and therefore has already reserved these designations), the device reserves the designations "DI12", "DI13", "DI14", "DI15", "DI16", "DI17", "DI18"...
  • Page 409 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Module connectors Table. 7.2 - 332. Module connector descriptions. Connector Description Communication port A, or the RJ-45 port. Used for the setting tool connection and for IEC 61850, COM A Modbus/TCP, IEC 104, DNP3 and station bus communications.
  • Page 410 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Digital inputs The current consumption of the digital inputs is 2 mA when activated, while the range of the operating voltage is 24 V/110 V/220 V depending on the ordered hardware. All digital inputs are scannced in 5 ms program cycles, and their pick-up and release delays as well as their NO/NC selection can be set with software.

  • Page 411: Current Measurement Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Scanning cycle All digital inputs are scanned in a 5 ms cycle, meaning that the state of an input is updated every 0…5 milliseconds. When an input is used internally in the device (either in setting group change or logic), it takes additional 0…5 milliseconds to operate.

  • Page 412: Voltage Measurement Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • Fine residual current 1 mA…75 A (RMS) The characteristics of phase current inputs are as follows: • The angle measurement inaccuracy is less than ± 0.2 degrees with nominal current. •...

  • Page 413: Option Cards

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • The quantization of the measurement signal is applied with 18-bit AD converters, and the sample rate of the signal is 64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Voltage measurement"...
  • Page 414 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The DI8 module is an add-on module with eight (8) galvanically isolated digital inputs. This module can be ordered directly to be installed into the device in the factory, or it can be upgraded in the field after the device's original installation when required.
  • Page 415 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The user can set the activation threshold individually for each digital input. When the activation and release thresholds have been set properly, they will result in the digital input states to be activated and released reliably.

  • Page 416: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7.5.2 Digital output module (optional) Figure. 7.5.2 - 245. Digital output module (DO5) with five add-on digital outputs. Connector Description X 1–2 OUTx + 1 (1 and 2 pole NO) X 3–4...

  • Page 417: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 • block settings • • • etc. Table. 7.5.2 - 338. Digital output user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 Description of the digital output. This description is used in several OUTx description OUTx characters...
  • Page 418 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 The arc protection module is an add-on module with four (4) light sensor channels, two (2) high-speed outputs and one (1) binary input. This module can be ordered directly to be installed into the device in the factory, or it can be upgraded in the field after the device's original installation when required.

  • Page 419: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7.5.4 RTD input module (optional) Figure. 7.5.4 - 247. RTD input module connectors. The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors.

  • Page 420: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.5.4 - 248. RTD sensor connection types. 7.5.5 Serial RS-232 communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.5 - 249. Serial RS-232 module connectors. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 421 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 7.5.5 - 340. Module connections. Connector Pin Name Description • Serial-based communications • Port options: ◦ Glass/glass ◦ Plastic/plastic ◦ Glass/plastic COM E Serial fiber ◦...

  • Page 422: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7.5.6 LC or RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.6 - 250. LC and RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet module connectors. Connector Description (LC ports) Description (RJ45) •...

  • Page 423: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 7.5.7 Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.7 - 251. Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module connectors. Connector Description Two-pin connector • IRIG-B input •...

  • Page 424: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.5.7 - 252. Example of a multidrop configuration. 7.5.8 Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 7.5.8 - 253. Double RJ-45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Connector Description Two-pin connector...

  • Page 425: Milliampere Output (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Connector Description • Two Ethernet ports RJ-45 connectors • RJ-45 connectors • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX This option card supports multidrop configurations. Figure. 7.5.8 - 254. Example of a multidrop configuration. 7.5.9 Milliampere output (mA) I/O module (optional) Figure.

  • Page 426: Dimensions And Installation

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Connector Description Pin 1 mA OUT 1 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 2 mA OUT 1 – connector (0…24 mA) Pin 3 mA OUT 2 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 4 mA OUT 2 –...
  • Page 427 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 256. Device dimensions. Figure. 7.6 - 257. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 428 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Figure. 7.6 - 258. Panel cutout dimensions and device spacing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...

  • Page 429: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8 Technical data 8.1 Hardware 8.1.1 Measurements 8.1.1.1 Current measurement Table. 8.1.1.1 - 341. Technical data for the current measurement module. General information Spare part code #SP-2XX-CM Compatibility AQ-210 and AQ-250 series models Connections...
  • Page 430 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 25 A (continuous) 100 A (for 10 s) Thermal withstand 500 A (for 1 s) 1250 A (for 0.01 s) Frequency measurement From 6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current range Current measurement range...

  • Page 431: Voltage Measurement

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.1.1.2 Voltage measurement Table. 8.1.1.2 - 342. Technical data for the voltage measurement module. General information Spare part code #SP-2XX-VT Compatibility AQ 200 series and AQ 250 series models Connection Measurement channels/VT inputs 4 independent VT inputs (U1, U2, U3 and U4)

  • Page 432: Power And Energy Measurement

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Voltage inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs (back-up frequency) Pick-up 2.00…50.00 %U , setting step 0.01 x %U Pick-up voltage setting Pick-up current setting (optional) 0.01…50.00 ×...

  • Page 433: Frequency Measurement

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.1.1.5 Frequency measurement Table. 8.1.1.5 - 345. Frequency measurement accuracy. Frequency measurement performance Frequency measuring range 6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current or voltage Inaccuracy <1 mHz 8.1.2 CPU &...

  • Page 434: Cpu Communication Ports

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 8.1.2.1 - 348. Power supply model B Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 18…72 VDC < 7 W (no option cards) Power consumption < 15 W (maximum number of option cards) Maximum permitted interrupt time <...

  • Page 435: Cpu Digital Inputs

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Table. 8.1.2.2 - 351. Rear panel system communication port B. Port Port media Copper RS-485 Number of ports Features Modbus/RTU IEC 103 Port protocols IEC 101 DNP3 Data transfer rate 65 580 kB/s System integration...

  • Page 436: Option Cards

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Breaking capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) at 48 VDC at 110 VDC 0.4 A at 220 VDC 0.2 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable: Normally Open / Normally Closed Table.

  • Page 437: Digital Output Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Scanning rate 5 ms Activation/release delay 5...11 ms Settings Pick-up threshold Software settable: 16…200 V, setting step 1 V Release threshold Software settable: 10…200 V, setting step 1 V Pick-up delay Software settable: 0…1800 s Drop-off delay...

  • Page 438: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Solid or stranded wire Nominal cross section 2.5 mm 8.1.3.3 Point sensor arc protection module Table. 8.1.3.3 - 357. Technical data for the point sensor arc protection module. General information Spare part code #SP-2XX-ARC...

  • Page 439: Milliampere Output Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Nominal voltage 24 VDC ≥16 VDC Pick-up threshold Release threshold ≤15 VDC Scanning rate 5 ms Polarity Normally Off Current drain 3 mA Table. 8.1.3.3 - 360. Terminal block connections Arc point sensor terminal block connections Spring cage terminal block Phoenix Contact DFMC 1,5/ 6-STF-3,5...

  • Page 440: Rtd Input Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 mA input scaling range 0...4000 mA Output scaling range -1 000 000.0000…1 000 000.0000, setting step 0.0001 mA output Inaccuracy @ 0...24 mA ±0.01 mA Response time @ 5 ms cycle [fixed] <...

  • Page 441: Double Lc 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Compatibility AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Ports RS-232 Serial fiber (GG/PP/GP/PG) Serial port wavelength 660 nm Cable type 1 mm plastic fiber Terminal block connections Spring cage terminals block Phoenix Contact DFMC 1,5/ 6-STF-3,5 Solid or stranded wire Nominal cross section...

  • Page 442: Display

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Ports ST connectors (2) and IRIG-B connector (1) Protocols Protocols IEC61850, DNP/TCP, Modbus/TCP, IEC104 & FTP ST connectors Duplex ST connectors Connector type 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber 100BASE-FX Transmitter wavelength 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm)

  • Page 443: Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2 Functions 8.2.1 Protection functions 8.2.1.1 Non-directional overcurrent protection (I>; 50/51) Table. 8.2.1.1 - 367. Technical data for the non-directional overcurrent function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I RMS phase currents...

  • Page 444: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms NOTICE! TICE! The release delay does no not t apply to phase-specific tripping! 8.2.1.2 Non-directional earth fault protection (I0>; 50N/51N) Table.

  • Page 445: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms NOTICE! TICE!

  • Page 446: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 IDMT setting parameters: - k Time dial setting for IDMT 0.01…25.00, step 0.01 IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time...

  • Page 447: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 When the earthed mode is active: - Tripping area center 0.00…360.00 deg, setting step 0.10 deg - Tripping area size (+/-) 45.00…135.00 deg, setting step 0.10 deg 0.005…40.00 ×...

  • Page 448: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up Negative sequence component I2pu Used magnitude Relative unbalance I2/I1 0.01…40.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I (I2pu) Pick-up setting 1.00…200.00 %, setting step 0.01 % (I2/I1) Minimum phase current (at least one phase above) 0.01…2.00 ×...
  • Page 449 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Harmonic per unit (× I Used magnitude Harmonic relative (Ih/IL) 0.05…2.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I (× I Pick-up setting 5.00…200.00 %, setting step 0.01 % (Ih/IL) Inaccuracy: <0.03 ×...

  • Page 450: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2.1.7 Circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP; 50BF/52BF) Table. 8.2.1.7 - 373. Technical data for the circuit breaker failure protection function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse)

  • Page 451: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 50.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U - Voltage Operating time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U ratio 1.05→)

  • Page 452: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 0.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U ratio 1.05→)

  • Page 453: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 RMS residual voltage U Voltage input magnitudes Calculated RMS residual voltage U Pick-up 1.00…50.00 % U0 , setting step 0.01 × I Pick-up voltage setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U0 or ±30 mV - Voltage U0 - Voltage U0Calc...

  • Page 454: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Low voltage block Pick-up setting 1.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV -Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy -Definite Time (U...

  • Page 455: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio +/- 50 mHz) ±1.5 % or ±50 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio +/- 50 mHz (Fixed)

  • Page 456: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio +/- 50 mHz) ±1.5 % or ±110 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio +/- 20 mHz (overreach) <180 ms...

  • Page 457: Machine Thermal Overload Protection (Tm>; 49M)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Reset Reset ratio 97 or 103 %P Instant reset time and start-up <40 ms reset 8.2.1.15 Machine thermal overload protection (TM>; 49M) Table. 8.2.1.15 - 381. Technical data for the machine thermal overload protection function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I...

  • Page 458: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Thermal model biasing (ambient): - Set ambient temperature –60…500 deg, setting step 1 deg - RTD Used measured ambient value 8.2.1.16 Underimpedance protection (Z<; 21U) Table. 8.2.1.16 - 382. Technical data for the underimpedance function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I...

  • Page 459: Stator Earth Fault Protection (U03Rd>; 64S)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Voltage inputs Voltage input calculation Positive sequence voltage Pick-up Pick-up current setting (point 1 & 2) 0.10…40.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I 0.05…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up voltage setting (point 1 &...

  • Page 460: Power Factor Protection (Pf<; 55)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up Pick-up voltage setting 1.00…95.00 %U0 , setting step 0.01 %U0 Inaccuracy: - U0 3rd harmonic ±1.0 %U0 or ±50 mV Low-current blocking 0.00…1.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I "No load"...

  • Page 461: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Inaccuracy: - power factor (when U > 1.0 V and I > 0.1 A) ±0.001 Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (at least 0.01 below the setting) ±1.0 % or ±30 ms...

  • Page 462: Underexcitation Protection (Q<; 40)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting Reset time setting 0.000…150.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±25 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <40 ms 8.2.1.21 Underexcitation protection (Q<;...

  • Page 463: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2.1.22 Resistance temperature detectors (RTD) Table. 8.2.1.22 - 388. Technical data of the resistance temperature detectors. Inputs Resistance input magnitudes Measured temperatures measured by RTD sensors RTD channels 12 individual RTD channels Settable alarms 24 alarms available (two per each RTD channel)

  • Page 464: Control Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Light + current criteria (zone 1…4): - Semiconductor outputs HSO1 and Typically 10 ms (6.5…14 ms) HSO2 Typically 14 ms (10…18 ms) - Regular relay outputs Arc BI only: - Semiconductor outputs HSO1 and Typically 7 ms (2…12 ms) HSO2...

  • Page 465: Indicator Object Monitoring

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Max. close/open command pulse length 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s Control termination time out setting 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time operating time ±0.5 % or ±10 ms Breaker control operation time External object control time...

  • Page 466: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Alarm and trip operation time: <40 ms (typically 30 ms) 50/60 Hz - (Im/Iset ratio > ±30% overreach or 1.00 °) <50 ms (typically 40 ms) 16.67 Hz Reset Trip pulse ~5-10ms...

  • Page 467: Monitoring Functions

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2.3 Monitoring functions 8.2.3.1 Current transformer supervision Table. 8.2.3.1 - 395. Technical data for the current transformer supervision function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse) (optional)

  • Page 468: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Pick-up Pick-up settings: 0.05…0.50 × U , setting step 0.01 × U - Voltage (low pick-up) - Voltage (high pick-up) 0.50…1.10 × U , setting step 0.01 × U - Angle shift limit 2.00…90.00 deg, setting step 0.10 deg Inaccuracy:...

  • Page 469: Current Total Harmonic Distortion

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 8.2.3.4 Current total harmonic distortion Table. 8.2.3.4 - 398. Technical data for the total harmonic distortion function. Input signals Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse) Current inputs...

  • Page 470: Event Logger

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.001 s Recording length The maximum length is determined by the chosen signals. 0…100, 60 MB of shared flash memory reserved Number of The maximum number of recordings according to the chosen signals and operation time recordings setting combined...
  • Page 471 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-5, EN 60255-1 2 kV (AC), 50 Hz, 1 min Impulse voltage test EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-5 5 kV, 1.2/50 µs, 0.5 J Physical environment compatibility Table.
  • Page 472 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 8 Technical data Instruction manual Version: 2.12 Casing and package Table. 8.3 - 406. Dimensions and weight. Without packaging (net) Height: 117 mm (4U) Dimensions Width: 127 mm (¼ rack) Depth: 174 mm (no cards & connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross)

  • Page 473: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 9 Ordering information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 9 Ordering information Accessories Order Descrip Description tion Not t e e code code © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00016...
  • Page 474 A A Q Q -G215 -G215 9 Ordering information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module, pre- Requires an external 24 VDC AX007 configured supply. External 8-ch Thermocouple mA Input module, pre- Requires an external 24 VDC AX008 configured supply.

  • Page 475: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    A A Q Q -G215 -G215 10 Contact and reference information Instruction manual Version: 2.12 10 Contact and reference information Manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.com Technical support:...

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