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ensto Arcteq AQ-L310 Instruction Manual

Line differential protection device
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AQ-L310
Line differential protection device
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  • Page 1 AQ-L310 Line differential protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table of contents 1 Document inf 1 Document informa ormation tion ..............................................4 4 2 Saf 2 Safe e t t y inf y informa ormation tion ................................................5 5 3 Abbr bbre e via viations...
  • Page 3 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 Instruction manual Version: 2.00 6.4.13 Trip circuit supervision ................... 145 7 Line diff 7 Line differ erential communic ential communica a tion applic tion applica a tions tions ................................146 7.1 Peer-to-peer communication....................146 7.2 Pilot wire application ......................
  • Page 4 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Disclaimer Please read these instructions carefully before using the equipment or taking any other actions with respect to the equipment. Only trained and qualified persons are allowed to perform installation, operation, service or maintenance of the equipment.

  • Page 5: Document Inf

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 1 Document information Instruction manual Version: 2.00 1 Document information Table. 1 - 1. History of Revision 1. R R e e vision vision 1.00 1.00 Date January 2016 Changes • The first revision of the manual. R R e e vision vision 1.01...

  • Page 6: Saf Y Informa Ormation Tion

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 2 Safety information Instruction manual Version: 2.00 2 Safety information This document contains important instructions that should be saved for future use. Read the document carefully before installing, operating, servicing, or maintaining this equipment. Please read and follow all the instructions carefully to prevent accidents, injury and damage to property.

  • Page 7: Abbr Bbre E Via Viations Tions

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 3 Abbreviations Instruction manual Version: 2.00 3 Abbreviations A A C C alternating current A A VR automatic voltage regulator circuit breaker CBFP CBFP circuit breaker failure protection CPU U central processing unit C C T T current transformer C C T T S S current transformer supervision...
  • Page 8 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 3 Abbreviations Instruction manual Version: 2.00 intelligent electronic device IO IO inputs and outputs L L CD liquid-crystal display light-emitting diode normally closed normally open Network Time Protocol radio frequency R R CA relay characteristic angle root mean square SCAD SCADA A...

  • Page 9: General

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 4 General Instruction manual Version: 2.00 4 General The AQ-L3x0 line protection IED is a member of the AQ-300 product line. The AQ-300 protection product line in respect of hardware and software is a modular device. The hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application IO requirements and the software determines the available functions.

  • Page 10: Ied User Interface Erface

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.1 Front panel Version: 2.00 5 IED user interface 5.1 Front panel The figure below presents the front panel structure for AQ-300 series units, while the table below the image describes the functions of the front panel's various elements.

  • Page 11: Led Assignment

    5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.2 LED assignment Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Function Description The device has four (4) capacitive operational buttons: • "X" (below the LED label) latches and resets the LEDs. Operation • The button with a blue icon (top right) changes the touch screen menus. buttons •...
  • Page 12 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.3 Touch screen Version: 2.00 The image below depicts the main screen of the front panel as well as the "ON", "OFF" and "Change screen" buttons. Figure. 5.3 - 2. The main menu and three operation buttons. The t The touch scr ouch screen...
  • Page 13 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.3 Touch screen Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.3 - 3. Lock status indicator, as displayed in the main menu. The lock sta lock stat t us indic us indica a t t or or shows whether a password is required to unlock the device before parameters or settings can be changed.
  • Page 14 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.3 Touch screen Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.3 - 4. The password input screen. NOTICE! TICE! The lock icon is displayed even when the device has no password! Parameter menu In the parameters menu (below) you can view, set and edit certain parameters within the device.
  • Page 15 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.3 Touch screen Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.3 - 5. The parameter set menu. The A A ctiv ctiva a t t e but e butt t on on activated the selected parameter set, which the device will now use. Depending on the device's configuration, the "Activate"...
  • Page 16 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.3 Touch screen Version: 2.00 • Floating-point number A number with a decimal point, entered with the number pad. Please note that the pad has the decimal point available only when the value can be entered as a floating-point number! •...
  • Page 17 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.3 Touch screen Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Online measurement menu The online measurement menu displays real-time data depending on what is connected to the device. When you have selected a specific function block from the online functions list, clicking the V V ie iew w but butt t on takes you to a new window that displays the parameters and their current values.
  • Page 18 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.3 Touch screen Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.3 - 9. Event structure. NOTICE! TICE! The events menu does no not t display the whole event log, only the first few hundred items in the log! System settings menu Figure.
  • Page 19 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.3 Touch screen Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 5.3 - 5. The system settings. Setting Description System parameters and station bus settings Please contact your local network administrator for further information about these (IP address, settings.

  • Page 20: The Embedded Web Server

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.3 - 11. Turning on Q2. (1) First, we press Q2 on the touch screen to highlight the object. This causes Q2 to start blinking for a short while;...

  • Page 21: Ethernet Connections

    5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 • provide remote or local firmware updgrades • perform administrative tasks. System requirements In order to access the device interface you need a compatible web browser as well as an Ethernet connection.
  • Page 22 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 The diagram below depicts the three (3) different CPU versions and their structures: Figure. 5.4.1 - 12. The three CPU versions. Settings needed for Ethernet connection The AQ-300 devices can only be accessed over Ethernet-based communication protocols.
  • Page 23 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Make sure that your browser does NO NOT T use a proxy server while accessing an AQ-300 device. However, if there is a proxy server in your network, contact the system administrator and have them add an exception.
  • Page 24 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.1 - 14. Using the RJ45 connection. The crossover cable's pinout has been depicted in the diagram below: Figure. 5.4.1 - 15. The pinout of the crossover cable. Please note that the cable's RJ45 connector can also be connected to an Ethernet switch.

  • Page 25: Getting Started

    5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 ST-type fiber optic connection The ST-type fiber optic connector of the 100Base-FX Ethernet provides a connection to an Ethernet switch with an identical fiber optic input. When using this connection, all the network's IEDs with client functionalities (e.g.
  • Page 26 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.2 - 17. Web server elements. The menu that is currently selected is highlighted in black (in the image above, the main menu is selected).

  • Page 27: Menu Items

    5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 5.4.3 Menu items Main menu Figure. 5.4.3 - 18. The main menu and its elements. In the main menu you can control the device's front panel. The image of a touch screen (located on the right) behaves the same way as the actual touch screen.
  • Page 28 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Parameters menu Figure. 5.4.3 - 19. The parameters menu and its elements. You can view and change various parameters and variables in this menu. You can manage the different parameter sets by resetting, renaming, exporting and importing them.
  • Page 29 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 In the "Parameter set" section of the page there are options for managing the parameter sets. The section lists all the available parameter sets, and each can be manipulated with the buttons located on the right of the line.
  • Page 30 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.3 - 21. The system settings menu. Table. 5.4.3 - 7. The system setting sections and their content. Section name Description If enabled, the device asks you to confirm the saving of new settings by pressing the "I"...
  • Page 31 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Section name Description Contain the parameters to control the LCD panel's behaviour. The light switches off after its set timeout. LCD backlight The "Backlight group"...
  • Page 32 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.3 - 23. Elements of the events menu. With the R R e e fr fresh esh button you can refresh the list displaying the events, the E E ra rase all e se all ev v ents ents button clears the list on the screen, and the Expor...
  • Page 33 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.3 - 25. Disturbance recorder. The "Recorded disturbances" section lists all disturbance records. You can refresh the list with the R R e e fr fresh esh button to display any new disturbance records that have occurred after the page was opened or refreshed last.
  • Page 34 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 You can set a setpoint by clicking anywhere on the graph, and the positioning the cursor to a desired second point. The preview then displays the timestamp of the first setpoint, and the time difference between the two setpoints.
  • Page 35 5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Advanced Figure. 5.4.3 - 29. The Advanced menu. This menu displays the additional, more advanced options. You can set a password request before a user is allowed access to these options.
  • Page 36 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5 IED user interface Instruction manual 5.4 The embedded web server Version: 2.00 The Ge Get r t repor eport t button generates a .zip file that has all of the log files archived together. The files have valuable information and they can help in analyzing errors and malfunctions;...

  • Page 37: Troubleshooting

    5 IED user interface A A Q Q -L310 -L310 5.4 The embedded web server Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 5.4.3 - 32. Update manager. 5.4.4 Troubleshooting Some browsers have a tendency to handle and cache various JavaScript function improperly, and this may cause anomalies and errors in the interface.

  • Page 38: Soft E Set T Up Up

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.1 Functions included in AQ-L310 Version: 2.00 6 Software setup 6.1 Functions included in AQ-L310 In this chapter are presented the protection and control functions as well as the monitoring functions. The implemented protection functions are listed in the table below.

  • Page 39: Measurements

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 6.1 - 10. Available control and monitoring functions. Name Name ANSI ANSI Descrip Description tion TRC94 Phase-selective trip logic Dead line detection Voltage transformer supervision Current transformer supervision REC79MV 0 ->...
  • Page 40 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.2.1 - 33. Example connection. Table. 6.2.1 - 11. Values for the example above. Phase current CT: Ring core CT in Input I0: CT primary 100A I0CT primary 10A CT secondary 5A I0CT secondary 1A...
  • Page 41 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The performed basic calculation results the Fourier basic harmonic magnitude and angle and the true RMS value. These results are processed by subsequent protection function blocks and they are available for on-line displaying as well.

  • Page 42: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Measured value Dim. Explanation Angle Ch - I3 degree Vector position of the current in channel IL3 Current Ch - I4 A(secondary) Fourier basic component of the current in channel I4 Angle Ch - I4 degree Vector position of the current in channel I4...
  • Page 43 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The connection of the first three VT secondary windings must be set to reflect actual physical connection of the main VTs. The associated parameter is “Connection U1-3“. The selection can be: Ph-N, Ph-Ph or Ph-N-Isolated.
  • Page 44 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.2.2 - 36. Phase-to-phase connection. Ph-N Voltage: Residual voltage: Rated Primary U1-3: 20kV Rated Primary U4: 11.54A (=20kV/√3) Range: Type 100 The fourth input is reserved for zero sequence voltage or for a voltage from the other side of the circuit breaker for synchron switching.
  • Page 45 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Parameter name Title Selection range Default VT4_Ch13Nom_EPar_ Connection U1-3 Ph-N, Ph-Ph, Ph-N-Isolated Ph-N Selection of the fourth channel input: phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltage VT4_Ch4Nom_EPar_ Connection U4 Ph-N,Ph-Ph Ph-Ph Definition of the positive direction of the first three input channels, given as normal or inverted...

  • Page 46: Line Measurement

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Measured value Dim. Explanation Angle Ch - U2 degree Vector position of the voltage in channel UL2 Voltage Ch - U3 V(secondary) Fourier basic component of the voltage in channel UL3 Angle Ch - U3 degree Vector position of the voltage in channel UL3...
  • Page 47 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The outputs of the line measurement function are • displayed measured values • reports to the SCADA system. NOTICE! TICE! The scaling values are entered as parameter setting for the “Voltage transformer input” function block and for the “Current transformer input”...
  • Page 48 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.2.3 - 37. Measured values in a configuration for compensated networks. The available quantities are described in the configuration description documents. Reporting the measured values and the changes For reporting, additional information is needed, which is defined in parameter setting.
  • Page 49 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The selection of the reporting mode items is explained in next chapters. "Amplitude" mode of reporting If the “Amplitude” mode is selected for reporting, a report is generated if the measured value leaves the deadband around the previously reported value.
  • Page 50 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.2 Measurements Version: 2.00 Parameter name Title Dim. Step Default Range value for the apparent power MXU_SRange_FPar_ Range value - S 100000 0.01 Deadband value for the current MXU_IDeadB_FPar_ Deadband value - I 2000 Range value for the current...
  • Page 51 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.2 Measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.2.3 - 39. Reporting when Integrated mode is selected. Periodic reporting Periodic reporting is generated independently of the changes of the measured values when the defined time period elapses.

  • Page 52: Protection Functions

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Parameter name Title Dim. Step Default Deadband value for the phase-to-neutral voltage MXU_UPhDeadB_FPar_ Deadband value - U ph-N 0.01 Range value for the phase-to-neutral voltage MXU_UPhRange_FPar_ Range value - U ph-N 1000...
  • Page 53 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The variables in the image above are: • t (seconds) = theoretical operating time if G>G (without additional time delay) • G = measured peak value or Fourier base harmonic of the phase currents •...

  • Page 54: Residual Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 6.3.2 Residual instantaneous overcurrent protection (I0>; 50N/51N) The residual instantaneous overcurrent protection function operates according to instantaneous characteristics, using the residual current (IN=3Io). The setting value is a parameter, and it can be doubled with dedicated input binary signal.

  • Page 55: Three-Phase Time Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The algorithm generates a trip command without additional time delay based on the Fourier components of the phase currents or peak values of the phase currents in case if the user set pick-up value is exceeded.
  • Page 56 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 The function includes a blocking signal input which can be configured by user from either IED internal binary signals or IED binary inputs through the programmable logic. Operating characteristics of the definite time is presented in the figure below.
  • Page 57 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.3 - 26. Parameters and operating curve types for the IDMT characteristics. Curve family Characteristics α NI (normally inverse) 0.14 0.02 VI (very inverse) 13.5 EI (extremely inverse) LTI (long time inverse)
  • Page 58 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.3 - 47. IEC - VI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20. Figure. 6.3.3 - 48. IEC - EI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20.
  • Page 59 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.3 - 49. IEC - LTI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20. Figure. 6.3.3 - 50. IEEE/ANSI - NI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20.
  • Page 60 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.3 - 51. IEEE/ANSI - MI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20. Figure. 6.3.3 - 52. IEEE/ANSI - VI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20.
  • Page 61 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.3 - 53. IEEE/ANSI - EI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20. Figure. 6.3.3 - 54. IEEE/ANSI - LTI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20.
  • Page 62 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.3 - 55. IEEE/ANSI - LTVI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20. Figure. 6.3.3 - 56. IEEE/ANSI - LTEI operating curves with minimum and maximum pick-up settings and TMS settings from 0.05 to 20.
  • Page 63 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Resetting characteristics for the function depends on the selected operating time characteristics. For the IEC type IDMT characteristics the reset time is user settable and for the ANSI/IEEE type characteristics the resetting time follows equation below.

  • Page 64: Residual Time Overcurrent Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.3 - 28. Setting parameters of the time overcurrent function. Setting Parameter value Step Default Description / range DefinitTime IEC Inv IEC VeryInv IEC ExtInv IEC LongInv ANSI Inv...
  • Page 65 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The variables in the image above are: • t (seconds) = theoretical operating time if G>G (without additional time delay) • G = measured value of the Fourier base harmonic of the residual current •...

  • Page 66: Three-Phase Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.4 - 29. Setting parameters of the residual time overcurrent function. Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description Range DefinitTime IEC Inv IEC VeryInv IEC ExtInv IEC LongInv ANSI Inv...
  • Page 67 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.5 - 59. The structure of the directional overcurrent protection algorithm. Based on the measured voltages and currents the function block selects the lowest calculated loop impedance of the six loops (L1L2, L2L3, L3L1, L1N, L2N, L3N).
  • Page 68 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.5 - 60. Directional decision characteristics. The voltage must be above 5% of the rated voltage and the current must also be measurable. If the voltages are below 5% of the rated voltage then the algorithm substitutes the small values with the voltage values stored in the memory.

  • Page 69: Residual Directional Overcurrent Protection (I0Dir>; 67N)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Setting value Parameter Step Default Description / range DefinitTime IEC Inv IEC VeryInv IEC ExtInv IEC LongInv ANSI Inv Operating mode selection of the function. Can be disabled, Operation ANSI ModInv DefinitTime...
  • Page 70 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.6 - 61. The structure of the residual directional overcurrent protection algorithm. The block of the directional decision generates a signal of TRUE value if the UN=3Uo zero sequence voltage and the IN=-3Io current is sufficient for directional decision, and the angle difference between the vectors is within the preset range.
  • Page 71 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.6 - 63. Wattmetric and varmetric operating characteristics. In the in the figure above are presented the characteristics of the wattmetric and varmetric operating principles in forward direction.

  • Page 72: Current Unbalance Protection (60)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description range DefinitTime IEC Inv IEC VeryInv IEC ExtInv IEC LongInv ANSI Inv ANSI Selection of the function disabled and the timing ModInv Operation DefinitTime...
  • Page 73 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.7 - 64. The structure of the current unbalance protection algorithm. The analogue signal processing principal scheme is presented in the figure below. Figure.

  • Page 74: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.7 - 32. Setting parameters of the current unbalance function. Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description range Operation Selection for the function enabled or disabled. Start Activated Selection if the function issues either "Start"...
  • Page 75 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.8 - 66. Operation logic of the CBFP function. Table. 6.3.8 - 33. Setting parameters of the CBFP function. Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description range...

  • Page 76: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 6.3.9 Overvoltage protection (U>; 59) The overvoltage protection function measures three phase to ground voltages. If any of the measured voltages is above the pick-up setting, a start signal is generated for the phases individually. Figure.

  • Page 77: Residual Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.10 - 68. The principal structure of the undervoltage function. The general start signal is set active if the voltage of any of the three measured voltages is below the level defined by pick-up setting value.

  • Page 78: Thermal Overload Protection (T>; 49)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.11 - 69. The principal structure of the residual overvoltage function. The general start signal is set active if the measured residual voltage is above the level defined by pick- up setting value.
  • Page 79 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.12 - 70. The principal structure of the thermal overload function. In the figure above is presented the principal structure of the thermal overload function. Theinputs of the function are the maximum of TRMS values of the phase currents, ambienttemperature setting, binary input status signals and setting parameters.

  • Page 80: Line Differential Protection (87L) - Transformer Not In Protected Zone

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description range Rated 60…200 Rated temperature of the protected object. temperature Base Rated ambient temperature of the device related to allowed 0…40 deg 40 deg temperature...
  • Page 81 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.13 - 71. Structure of the line differential protection algorithm. The inputs are • the Fourier base component values of three phase currents at the local line end •...
  • Page 82 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.13 - 38. Current compensation parameters. Parameter Setting range Step Default Explanation LocalRatio 0.10…2.00 0.01 1.00 Local end current ratio compensation factor. RemoteRatio 0.10…2.00 0.01 1.00...
  • Page 83 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.13 - 72. The line differential protection characteristics. Decision logic Decision logic The decision logic combines the following binary signals: • Start signals of the line differential characteristic module •...
  • Page 84 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.13 - 40. Measured and displayed values of line differential function. Measured value Dim. Explanation I Diff L1 p.u. Differential current in line L1 I Diff L2 p.u.
  • Page 85 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.13 - 42. The binary output signals of the line differential function. Binary output signal Signal title Explanation Trip command of the line differential protection function DIFF87L_T _TrL1_ rL1_GrI_ Trip L1...

  • Page 86: Line Differential Protection (87L) - Transformer In Protected Zone

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.13 - 74. Process bus settings for line differential protection. 6.3.14 Line differential protection (87L) – transformer in protected zone The AQ 300 series has two kinds of line differential algorithms available, one with transformer in the protected zone and one without.
  • Page 87 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 • the harmonic restraint decision from the remote end • the sampled values of three local phase currents • parameters • status signals. The outputs are •...
  • Page 88 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 • Decision logic The decision logic module decides if the differential current of the individual phases is above the characteristic curve of the differential protection function. The second and fifth harmonic ratio of the local current, relative to the basic harmonic content can restrain the operation of the differential protection function.
  • Page 89 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 6.3.14 - 44. Vector shift compensation with transformation to the delta delta side. conn. Code Transformation of the local side currents Transformation of the remote side currents group Dy11 Dz10...
  • Page 90 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 conn. Code Transformation of the local side currents Transformation of the remote side currents group Yd11 Yz11 Magnit gnitude compensa ude compensation tion The differential currents are calculated using the (I1Rshift, I1Sshift, I1Tshift) and (I2Rshift, I2Sshift, I2Tshift) values and the DIF87L_TRPr_IPar (TR local) and DIF87L_TRSec_IPar (TR remote) parameters, defined by the turn’s ratio of the transformer and that of the current transformers, resulting the currents with the apostrophe (’).
  • Page 91 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 76. Principal scheme of the vector shift compensation. The inputs are: • The three phase Fourier current vectors of the local side (IL1_F1_local,IL2_F1_local, IL3_F1_local) •...
  • Page 92 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 The differential current can be high in case of over-excitation of the transformer, due to thecurrent distortion caused by the transformer iron core symmetric saturation. In this case thefifth harmonic content of the differential current is applied to disable the operation of thedifferential protection function.
  • Page 93 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Parameters The outputs of the modules are the status signals for each phase and for second and fifth harmonics separately, indicating the restraint status caused by high harmonic contents. Figure.
  • Page 94 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 79. Principal scheme of the current magnitude calculation. The inputs are the Fourier vectors of the phase-shifted currents: The differential currents after phase-shift: The local currents after phase-shift: The remote currents after phase-shift: The outputs are the magnitude of the calculated currents:...
  • Page 95 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The magnitudes of the remote currents after phase-shift: The restraint (bias) current for all phases is calculated as the maximum of the six currents: M_Ibias = MAX(M_I1Rshift';...
  • Page 96 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 81. Principal scheme of evaluation of differential protection characteristics. The inputs are the magnitude of the calculated currents: The magnitudes of the differential currents after phase-shift: The magnitudes of the local currents after phase-shift: The magnitudes of the remote currents after phase-shift: Decision logic...
  • Page 97 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The inputs are the internal calculated status signals of the differential characteristics module, those of the 2nd harmonic restraint and 5th harmonic restraint modules and binary input parameters. These signals are processed by the decision logic of the device described in the following figure.
  • Page 98 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 I2n = 1.05 A (secondary side) Example se Example set t ting parame ting paramet t ers Substation “A”, 120 kV TR local = 91 % (This is a free choice, giving the currents of the 120 kV side current transformer’s current, related to the rated current of the CT.) TR remote = 105 %...
  • Page 99 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 83. Function block of the line differential protection function with transformer within protected zone. The binary input and output status signals of the line differential function with transformerwithin protected zone are listed in tables below.
  • Page 100 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Binary output signal Signal title Explanation DIFF87L_R _Rec12_ ec12_GrI_ Received Ch12 Free configurable signal received via communication channel Communication failure signal DIFF87L_CommF _CommFail_ ail_GrI_ CommFail Signal indicating communication failure Setting considerations of the line differential protection...
  • Page 101 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 This indicates that the connection group of this transformer is Yd11.) Here the primary currents form a symmetrical system: The secondary currents can be seen on the figure (please consider the division factor √3 in the effective turn’s ratio): P P ha hase se-t -to-pha o-phase fa...
  • Page 102 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 The delta side currents can be seen on this figure: P P ha hase se-t -to-pha o-phase fa se fault on the delta ult on the delta side side Assume I current on the secondary delta side between phases "s"...
  • Page 103 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 88. Currents inside the transformer at single phase fault at the Y side (Bauch effect). On this figure k is the current ratio. The primary Y side currents are: On the delta side there are no currents flowing out of the transformer: Assume I fault current at the Y side in phase R in case of solidly grounded neutral.
  • Page 104 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.14 - 89. Currents inside the transformer at single phase fault at the Y side, supply at the delta side. On this figure k is the current ratio. The primary Y side currents are: The delta side currents can be seen on this figure: C C heck...
  • Page 105 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The secondary currents are drawn in the above-mentioned figure (consider the division by √3 as defined by the turn's ratio): The secondary currents are transformed by the unit matrix. It means that only the turn's ratio is considered: These currents are the same (with the round-off errors of.
  • Page 106 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 The input currents from the secondary side of the transformer can be seen in the above-mentioned figure: These secondary side currents are transformed with the unit matrix, so only the turn's ratio has to be considered: These currents are the same (with the round-off errors of.
  • Page 107 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The input currents from the primary Y side can be seen in the above-mentioned figure: The transformation of these Y side currents: These currents are the same (with the round-off errors of. 0.5%) as the secondary transformed currents, but multiplied by „-1”.
  • Page 108 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 These secondary currents are transformed with the unit matrix, so only the turn’s ratio is considered: Because of zero currents, the differential protection is stable. Now suppose I fault current in phase R on the external primary side of the transformer, if the neutral is grounded.

  • Page 109: Overfrequency Protection (F>; 81O)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The currents are balanced; the differential protection does not generate a trip command. Setting parameters Table. 6.3.14 - 47. Setting parameters of the line differential protection with transformer within protected zone. Parameter Setting range Step Default...

  • Page 110: Underfrequency Protection (F<; 81U)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 The over-frequency protection function is usually applied to decrease generation to control the system frequency. Another possible application is the detection of unintended island operation of distributed generation and some consumers.

  • Page 111: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Fd/Ft>/<; 81R)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 For the confirmation of the measured frequency, at least four subsequent identical measurements are needed. Similarly, four invalid measurements are needed to reset the measured frequency to zero. The basic criterion is that the evaluated voltage should be above 30% of the rated voltage value.

  • Page 112: Teleprotection (85)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Setting Parameter value / Step Default Description range Start Activated Selection if the function issues either “Start” signal alone orboth Deactivated signal only Deactivated “Start”...
  • Page 113 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 • PUTT • POTT • Dir. Comparison • Dir. Blocking • DUTT. P P ermissiv ermissive Underr e Underreach T each Transf ransfer T er Trip (P rip (PUT UTT T ) )
  • Page 114 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Overreach The protection system uses telecommunication, with underreach setting at each section end. The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the underreach protection. The signal is prolonged by a drop-down timer.
  • Page 115 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.18 - 94. Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip: Send signal generation. Figure. 6.3.18 - 95. Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip: Trip command generation. D D ir irectional comparison (D ectional comparison (Dir ir.Comparison) .Comparison) The protection system uses telecommunication.
  • Page 116 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.18 - 97. Directional comparison: Trip command generation. Block Blocking dir ing directional comparison (D ectional comparison (Dir ir.Block .Blocking ing) ) The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Blocking Overreach Protection (BOP). The protection system uses telecommunication, with overreach setting at each section end.
  • Page 117 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.3.18 - 99. Directional blocking: Trip command generation. D D ir irect underr ect underreaching transf eaching transfer trip (DUT er trip (DUTT T ) ) The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Intertripping Underreach Protection (IUP).
  • Page 118 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.3 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Function block Figure. 6.3.18 - 102. The function block of the teleprotection protection function. Table. 6.3.18 - 51. The input and output signals of the teleprotection function block. Signal title Explanation Block...

  • Page 119: Inrush Current Detection (68)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.3 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Setting value / Parameter Step Default Description range Send prolong Setting for prolonging the teleprotection signal on 1…10 000 ms 10 ms time the sending end. Direct Trip delay 1…10 000 ms 10 ms...

  • Page 120: Control, Monitoring And Measurements

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements 6.4.1 Common function The AQ300 series devices – independently of the configured protection functions – have some common functionality.
  • Page 121 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 AckButton output of the common function block generates a signal whenever the “X” button in the front panel of the relay has been pressed. 5.

  • Page 122: Trip Logic (94)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Binary input status signal Title Explanation Common_Remote1_GrI_ Remote 1 Output 1 to indicate the state of group 1 as Remote Common_Local2_GrI_ Local 2 Output 2 to indicate the state of group 2 as Local Common_Remote2_GrI_ Remote 2...
  • Page 123 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.4.2 - 104. Operation logic of the trip logic function. The trip requirements can be programmed by the user. The aim of the decision logic is todefine a minimal impulse duration even if the protection functions detect a very short-timefault.

  • Page 124: Dead Line Detection (Dld)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.4.2 - 107. Instructions on adding/modifying trip assignment. Trip contact connections for wirings can be found in Hardware configuration under Rack designer → Preview or in Connection allocations.
  • Page 125 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.4.3 - 108. Principal scheme of the dead line detection function. The function block of the dead line detection function is shown in figure bellow. This block shows all binary input and output status signals that are applicable in the AQtivate 300 software.

  • Page 126: Voltage Transformer Supervision (Vts)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Binary output signal Signal title Explanation DLD_StIL2_GrI_ Start IL2 The current of phase L2 is above the setting limit DLD_StIL3_GrI_ Start IL3 The current of phase L3 is above the setting limit DLD_DeadLine_GrI_ DeadLine condition...
  • Page 127 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The voltage transformer supervision function can be triggered if “Live line” status is detected for at least 200 ms. The purpose of this delay is to avoid mal-operation at line energizing if the poles of the circuit breaker make contact with a time delay.
  • Page 128 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.4.4 - 111. Decision logic of the voltage transformer supervision function. NOTICE! TICE! For the operation of the voltage transformer supervision function the “ Dead line detection function”...

  • Page 129: Current Transformer Supervision (Cts)

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 6.4.4 - 62. Setting parameters of the VTS function. Setting Parameter value/ Step Default Description range Neg. Operating mode selection for the function. Operation can be either Sequence Neg.

  • Page 130: Auto-Reclosing (Mv) (79)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Binary status signal Title Explanation CTSuperV_CtF CtFail ail_GrI_ CtFail CT failure signal Table. 6.4.5 - 64. Setting parameters. Setting Parameter Step Default Description value/range Operating mode selection for the function.
  • Page 131 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The d d ura uration of the close command tion of the close command depends on preset parameter value (Close command time), but the close command terminates if any of the protection functions issues a trip command.
  • Page 132 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Synchro-check conditions Reclosing is possible only if the conditions required by the “synchro-check” function are fulfilled. This state is signaled by the binary variable (SYNC Release). The automatic reclosing function waits for a pre-programmed time for this signal.
  • Page 133 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 There are several conditions that must be satisfied before the automatic reclosing function enters “Not Ready” state. This state becomes valid if any of the conditions of the blocking get TRUE outside the running time of the reclosing cycles.
  • Page 134 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Setting value/ Parameter Step Default Description range Action time 0…20 000 ms 1 000 ms Setting of the action time. Start-signal 0…10 000 ms 1 000 ms Time limitation of the starting signal.

  • Page 135: Switch-On-To-Fault

    6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 6.4.7 Switch-on-to-fault Some protection functions, e.g. distance protection, directional overcurrent protection, etc. need to decide the direction of the fault. This decision is based on the angle between the voltage and the current.

  • Page 136: Voltage Variation (Voltage Sag And Swell)

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Figure. 6.4.7 - 115. The function block of the switch-on-to-fault function. Table. 6.4.7 - 66. The timer parameter of the function. Parameter Title Unit Step...
  • Page 137 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 • Voltage interruption, when the RMS value of the measured voltage is below a minimum level specified by a parameter. For the evaluation, the duration of the voltage interruption should be between a minimum and a maximum time value defined by parameters.

  • Page 138: Disturbance Recorder

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 • Timer values: ◦ Sag counter ◦ Swell counter Figure. 6.4.8 - 119. Sag and swell monitoring window in the AQtivate 300 setting tool. The sag and swell detection algorithm offers event recording, which can be displayed in the “Event list”...
  • Page 139 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 If the conditions defined by the user - using the graphic equation editor – are satisfied, then the disturbance recorder starts recording the sampled values of configured analog signals and binary signals.

  • Page 140: Event Recorder

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Parameter Setting value/range Step Default Description MaxFault 500…10 000 ms 1 ms 1 000 ms Overall maximum time limit in the recording. 6.4.10 Event recorder The events of the device and those of the protection functions are recorded with a time stamp of 1 ms time resolution.
  • Page 141 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Trip Trip command R R esid esidual dir ual directional o ectional ov v er ercurr current pr ent pro o t t ection function (T ection function (TOC67N) lo OC67N) low w se set t ting sta ting stage...
  • Page 142 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 High Start L1 High setting stage start signal in phase L1 High Start L2 High setting stage start signal in phase L2 High Start L3 High setting stage start signal in phase L3 High General Start...
  • Page 143 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Blocked Blocked state of the automatic reclosing function Close Command Close command of the automatic reclosing function Status State of the automatic reclosing function Actual cycle Running cycle of the automatic reclosing function Final Trip...

  • Page 144: Measured Values

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Enable Close Close command is enabled Enable Open Open command is enabled Local Local mode of operation Operation counter Operation counter DC OPCap D D isconnect isconnector Bus or Bus...
  • Page 145 6 Software setup A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Analog value Explanation Angle Ch – I2 Phase angle of the Fourier fundamental harmonic current component in phase L2* Current Ch – I3 RMS value of the Fourier fundamental harmonic current component in phase L3 Angle Ch –...

  • Page 146: Status Monitoring For Switching Devices

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 6 Software setup Instruction manual 6.4 Control, monitoring and measurements Version: 2.00 Analog value Explanation Frequency Frequency 6.4.12 Status monitoring for switching devices The status of circuit breakers and the disconnectors (line disconnector, bus disconnector, earthing switch) are monitored continuously.

  • Page 147: Line Diff Ential Communica A Tion Applic Tion Applica A Tions Tions

    7 Line differential communication applications A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7.1 Peer-to-peer communication Instruction manual Version: 2.00 7 Line differential communication applications This chapter is intended to explain different line differential protection communication methods with AQ 300 devices. 7.1 Peer-to-peer communication Direct link If dark fiber is available between two substations the peer-to-peer communication mode is recommended.

  • Page 148: Pilot Wire Application

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7 Line differential communication applications Instruction manual 7.2 Pilot wire application Version: 2.00 7.2 Pilot wire application Pilot wire application allows protection devices to communicate with each other via traditional copper wire. The xDSL technology supports high speed and reliable communication channel establishment via 2-8 wire copper lines.

  • Page 149: Line Differential Communication Via Telecom Networks

    7 Line differential communication applications A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7.3 Line differential communication via telecom networks Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Interface/connector Type @ MODEM side SFP multi-mode 1310 nm, LC connector 7.3 Line differential communication via telecom networks Communication via G.703 64 kbit/s co-directional interface (E0) The AQ 300 device also supports line differential communication via telecom networksusing G.703.1 64kbit/s co-directional interface type.
  • Page 150 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7 Line differential communication applications Instruction manual 7.3 Line differential communication via telecom networks Version: 2.00 Figure. 7.3 - 126. IEEE C37.94 communication scheme. Connector type: ST Wavelength: 850 nm Optical output power: -15 dBm Optical input sensitivity: -34 dBm Data rate: 64...768 kbit/s Communication via 2.048 Mbit/s (E1/T1) N×64 kbit/s interface...

  • Page 151: Redundant Line Differential Comunication

    7 Line differential communication applications A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7.4 Redundant line differential comunication Instruction manual Version: 2.00 7.4 Redundant line differential comunication The data interchange over the two communication channels is carried out in parallel way which enables hot standby operation.

  • Page 152: Three Terminal Line Differential Communication

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7 Line differential communication applications Instruction manual 7.5 Three terminal line differential communication Version: 2.00 Figure. 7.4 - 129. 100Base redundant communication scheme. 7.5 Three terminal line differential communication With an additional communication card added to AQ 300 device a three terminal line differential communication between IEDs can be implemented.

  • Page 153: Sy Y St Stem Int 8 S Em Integra Egration Tion

    8 System integration A A Q Q -L310 -L310 7.5 Three terminal line differential communication Instruction manual Version: 2.00 8 System integration The AQ L310 contains two ports for communicating to upper level supervisory system and one for process bus communication. The physical media or the ports can be either serial fiber optic or RJ 45 or Ethernet fiber optic.

  • Page 154: Block Diagram

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 9 Connections Instruction manual 9.1 Block diagram Version: 2.00 9 Connections 9.1 Block diagram Block diagram of AQ-L310 with typical options Figure. 9.1 - 131. Block diagram of AQ-L310 with typical options installed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00072...

  • Page 155: Connection Example

    9 Connections A A Q Q -L310 -L310 9.2 Connection example Instruction manual Version: 2.00 9.2 Connection example Figure. 9.2 - 132. Connection example of AQ-L310. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00072...

  • Page 156: Construction And Installa

    10 Construction and installation 10.1 Construction The Arcteq AQ-L310 line protection IED consists of hardware modules. Due to modular structure optional positions for the slots can be user defined in the ordering of the IED to include I/O modules and other types of additional modules. An example module arrangement configuration of the AQ-L310 is shown in the figure below.

  • Page 157: Cpu Module

    10 Construction and installation A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10.2 CPU module Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Table. 10.1 - 74. Descriptions of the hardware modules for AQ-L310. Position Module identifier Explanation Power supply unit, 85…265 V AC, 88…300 V DC + PS+ 2101 two trip outputs CT+ 5151...

  • Page 158: Power Supply Module

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10 Construction and installation Instruction manual 10.3 Power supply module Version: 2.00 10.3 Power supply module Figure. 10.3 - 134. The connector allocation of the 30 W power supply unit for its trip outputs. T T ripping ripping Power module also provides 2 fast trip relay outputs for heavy duty controlling.

  • Page 159: Binary Output Module(S)

    10 Construction and installation A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10.5 Binary output module(s) Instruction manual Version: 2.00 The inputs are galvanic isolated and the module converts high-voltage signals to the voltagelevel and format of the internal circuits. This module is also used as an external IRIG-B synchronization input. Dedicated synchronization input (input channel 1) is used for this purpose.

  • Page 160: Voltage Measurement Module

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10 Construction and installation Instruction manual 10.6 Voltage measurement module Version: 2.00 10.6 Voltage measurement module Figure. 10.6 - 137. The voltage measurement module VT+ 2211. For voltage related functions (over- /under -voltage, directional functions, distance function,power functions) or disturbance recorder functionality this module is needed.

  • Page 161: Current Measurement Module

    10 Construction and installation A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10.7 Current measurement module Instruction manual Version: 2.00 10.7 Current measurement module Figure. 10.7 - 138. Connector allocation of the current measurement module. Current measurement module is used for measuring current transformer output current. Module includes three phase current inputs and one zero sequence current input.

  • Page 162: Installation And Dimensions

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10 Construction and installation Instruction manual 10.8 Installation and dimensions Version: 2.00 10.8 Installation and dimensions Flush mounting of AQ-L310 panel instrument case Figure. 10.8 - 139. AQ-L310 flush mounting method. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00072...
  • Page 163 10 Construction and installation A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10.8 Installation and dimensions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Semi-flush mounting of AQ-L310 panel instrument case The dimensions of the panel cut-out for this type of mounting method are the same as incase of flush mounting (138 mm ×...
  • Page 164 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 10 Construction and installation Instruction manual 10.8 Installation and dimensions Version: 2.00 DIN rail mounting of AQ-L310 panel instrument case Figure. 10.8 - 141. AQ-L310 DIN rail mounting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00072...

  • Page 165: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    11 Technical data A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11.1 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 11 Technical data 11.1 Protection functions Breaker failure protection function CBFP, (50BF) Current inaccuracy <2 % Re-trip time Approx. 15ms Operation time inaccuracy + 5ms Current reset time 20ms Current unbalance protection function (60)
  • Page 166 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11 Technical data Instruction manual 11.1 Protection functions Version: 2.00 Pickup time 25 – 30ms Residual instantaneous overcurrent protection I0> (50N) Operating characteristic Instantaneous Picku-up current inaccuracy <2% Reset ratio 0.95 Operate time at 2*In <15 ms Peak value calculation <25 ms...
  • Page 167 11 Technical data A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11.1 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Operation time inaccuracy ±5% or ±15ms Reset ratio 0.95 Minimum operating time with IDMT 35ms Reset time Approx 35ms Transient overreach Pickup time 25 – 30ms Angular inaccuracy <3°...

  • Page 168: Control Functions

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11 Technical data Instruction manual 11.2 Control functions Version: 2.00 Underfrequency protection function f< (81U) Operating range 40 - 70 Hz Operating range inaccuracy 30 mHz Effective range inaccuracy 2 mHz Minimum operating time 140 ms Operation time inaccuracy +10 ms...

  • Page 169: Monitoring Functions

    11 Technical data A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11.3 Monitoring functions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Voltage effective range 10-110 % of Un Voltage inaccuracy ±1% of Un Frequency effective range 47.5 – 52.5 Hz Frequency inaccuracy ±10mHz Phase angle inaccuracy ±3 °...
  • Page 170 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11 Technical data Instruction manual 11.4 Hardware Version: 2.00 Maximum power consumption High-speed trip relay outputs: • 110/220VDC • Rated voltage Un • 242V DC • Max. withstand voltage • 4 • Number of outputs per module •...

  • Page 171: Tests And Environmental Conditions

    11 Technical data A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11.5 Tests and environmental conditions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 Phase angle accuracy ≤ 0.5 º at Ux ≥ 25% of rated voltage Binary input module Rated voltage Un 110 or 220Vdc (ordering option) Number of inputs per module 12 (in groups of 3) Current drain...
  • Page 172 A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11 Technical data Instruction manual 11.5 Tests and environmental conditions Version: 2.00 Mechanical tests 2 ... 13.2 Hz ±3.5mm Vibration test 13.2 ... 100Hz, ±1.0g Shock/Bump test acc. to IEC 60255-21-2 20g, 1000 bumps/dir. Casing and package Protection degree (front) IP 54 (with optional cover)

  • Page 173: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    12 Ordering information A A Q Q -L310 -L310 11.5 Tests and environmental conditions Instruction manual Version: 2.00 12 Ordering information Visit https://configurator.arcteq.fi/ to build a hardware configuration, define an ordering code and get a module layout image. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00072...

  • Page 174: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    A A Q Q -L310 -L310 13 Contact and reference information Instruction manual 11.5 Tests and environmental conditions Version: 2.00 13 Contact and reference information Manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370...

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