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® R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Real-Time Spectrogram User Manual (;ÝÉà2) 1179598202 Version 01...
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Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG. Trade names are trademarks of the owners. ® 1179.5982.02 | Version 01 | R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g. R&S ®...
® Contents R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Contents 1 Preface....................5 About this manual......................5 Documentation overview....................5 Conventions used in the documentation..............7 2 Welcome to the real-time spectrogram application......9 Starting real-time spectrogram measurements............9 Understanding the display information..............10 3 Measurements and result displays............ 13 Result display......................13...
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® Contents R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration..................50 Configuration.......................58 Analysis........................79 List of commands................80 Index......................82 User Manual 1179.5982.02 ─ 01...
® Preface R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Documentation overview 1 Preface 1.1 About this manual This Real-Time Spectrogram User Manual provides all the information specific to the application. All general instrument functions and settings common to all applications and operating modes are described in the main R&S ESW User Manual.
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® Preface R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Documentation overview 1.2.1 Getting started manual Introduces the R&S ESW and describes how to set up and start working with the prod- uct. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general informa- tion, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
® Preface R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Conventions used in the documentation 1.2.5 Basic safety instructions Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information. The printed document is delivered with the instrument. 1.2.6 Data sheets and brochures The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ESW. It also lists the options and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
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® Preface R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Conventions used in the documentation Convention Description Filenames, commands, Filenames, commands, coding samples and screen output are distin- program code guished by their font. Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
The real-time spectrogram application provides functionality to perform real-time spec- trogram measurements with the R&S ESW. Requirements ● The R&S ESW-K55E requires an R&S ESW equipped with R&S ESW-B350 or - B1000 ● The R&S ESW-K55R requires an R&S ESW equipped with R&S ESW-B350R or -...
® Welcome to the real-time spectrogram application R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Understanding the display information The measurement is started immediately with the default settings. It can be configured in the real-time spectrogram configuration dialog box, which is displayed when you select the "Overview"...
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® Welcome to the real-time spectrogram application R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Understanding the display information 1 = Channel bar for firmware and measurement settings 2 = Window title bar with diagram-specific (trace) information 3 = Diagram area 4 = Instrument status bar with error messages and date/time display...
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® Welcome to the real-time spectrogram application R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Understanding the display information Information on the displayed traces is indicated in the window title bar. Trace number Trace mode Trace color Detector For further information on the window title bar, see R&S ESW user manual.
® Measurements and result displays R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display 3 Measurements and result displays The data that was measured by the R&S ESW can be evaluated using various different methods. In the Real-Time Spectrogram application, multiple result displays can be used simultaneously.
® Measurements and result displays R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R How to run a real-time spectrogram Preselector Provides an overview of the active preselector filters. For more information on prese- lector filters, refer to the R&S ESW user manual. Remote command:...
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® Measurements and result displays R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R How to run a real-time spectrogram 3. Select the "Amplitude" button to define the required level parameters. 4. Select the "Frequency" button to define the center frequency of the measurement. 5. Optionally, select the "Trigger" button to use an external trigger.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Notes about configuring real-time spectrogram measurements 4 Configuration Access: [MODE] > "Real-Time Spectrogram" When you activate the Real-Time Spectrogram application, a Real-Time Spectrogram measurement for the input signal is started automatically with the default configuration.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration overview Example: You are doing a measurement with a 9 kHz bandwidth, a center frequency of 75 MHz and a span of 90 MHz. If you set the center frequency to 60 MHz, the center frequency remains the same, because a frequency border at 30 MHz in combination with 90 MHz span prevents a 60 MHz center frequency.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Data input and output Note: Do not confuse the "Preset Channel" button with the [Preset] key, which restores the entire instrument to its default values and thus closes all channels on the R&S ESW (except for the default channel)!
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Data input and output Functions in the "Input" dialog box described elsewhere: ● "Input Selection" on page 19 The remote commands required to configure the RF input are described in Chap- ter 6.5.1, "RF input",...
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Data input and output Remote command: on page 58 INPut<ip>:COUPling Impedance For some measurements, the reference impedance for the measured levels of the R&S ESW can be set to 50 Ω or 75 Ω.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Frequency configuration For more information, refer to the user manual of the R&S ESW. 4.5 Frequency configuration The frequency and span settings define the scope of the signal and spectrum that you want to analyze.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Frequency configuration Insufficient measurement points - Resolution filter bandwidth Resolution filter bandwidth covers Filter may miss a signal covers one measurement point several measurement points 4.5.2 Frequency settings Access: "Overview" > "Frequency" The remote commands required to configure the frequency are described in Chap- ter 6.5.4, "Frequency...
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Frequency configuration Remote command: on page 60 [SENSe:]FREQuency:CENTer Start / Stop Frequency Defines the start and stop frequencies for the scan. The range for the start frequency is f to (f - 10 Hz).
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Remote command: on page 62 [SENSe:]FREQuency:CENTer:STEP Frequency Axis Scale Selects the scale of the frequency axis. ≥1.4* f Logarithmic scaling is only available for f stop start More information "Linear"...
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration mined frequency spectrum or for the measurement time (horizontal, x-axis). The set- tings for the vertical axis, regarding amplitude and scaling, are described here. ● Increasing measurement sensitivity (or avoiding an input mixer overload).....25...
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Attenuation has the following effects on the measurement: ● High attenuation protects the input mixer: the main purpose of the attenuator is to protect the input mixer. ● High attenuation makes sure that the measurement results are reliable (signals that are stronger than allowed can distort the results) ●...
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Signal gain has the following effects on the measurement: ● The preamplifier allows you to detect even weak signals. ● The preamplifier reduces the noise figure of the R&S ESW and thus increases its sensitivity.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Using the preselector Switching the filters is a mechanical process. Avoid excessive filters switches, because the hardware can wear out. Note that results in a frequency band are only displayed if there is at least one valid measurement point in the corresponding range.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Attenuation........................29 10 dB Minimum Attenuation..................29 Auto Range........................29 Unit..........................30 └ dBx/MHz......................30 Preamplifier........................31 Attenuation Defines the attenuation of the signal. You can attenuate the signal in 1 dB steps. The range is specified in the datasheet.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Depending on your measurement task, select one of the following auto range modes ("Overview" > "Amplitude" > "Auto Range Mode"). ● Normal The "Normal" mode selects an attenuation and gain that results in a good signal-to- noise ratio.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Amplitude and vertical axis configuration Unit Relative unit dBpW dBpW/MHz dBpT dBpT/MHz The conversion to 1 MHz bandwidth is realized via the pulse bandwidth of the selected resolution bandwidth. Example: Conversion example for dbµV: ...
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Bandwidth configuration The remote commands required to configure the y-axis scale are described in Chap- ter 6.5.6, "Y-Axis scaling", on page 68. Grid Range / Minimum Level..................32 Grid Range / Minimum Level Defines the scale of the vertical diagram axis.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Bandwidth configuration ment speed is much higher than the measurement speed of comparable analog filters. This is because the transient response can be compensated because the filters have an accurately defined behavior. The highest sensitivity is obtained at the smallest bandwidth. If the bandwidth is increased, the reduction in sensitivity is proportional to the change in bandwidth.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Bandwidth configuration You can define a different bandwidth for the bargraph and each scan range defined in the scan table. The R&S ESW displays an exclamation mark if the selected measure- ment bandwidth is not compatible to the bandwidth required by CISPR for the corre- sponding frequency range.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Sweep settings "Scan Table" The R&S ESW performs scans based on the configuration defined in the scan table. "Current" The R&S ESW performs scans on the general receiver configuration. The scan table becomes unavailable.
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Trigger Note that activating a marker or changing the position of the active marker automati- cally selects the frame that belongs to that marker. This function is only available in single sweep mode or if the sweep is stopped, and only if a spectrogram is selected.
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Trigger The remote commands required to configure the trigger are described in Chapter 6.5.9, "Trigger configuration", on page 76. Trigger Source.......................37 └ Free Run......................37 └ Ext. Trigger 1/2....................37 Trigger Level......................... 37 Trigger Offset........................
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® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Trigger Trigger Offset Defines the time offset between the trigger event and the start of the measurement. Offset > 0: Start of the measurement is delayed Offset < 0: Measurement starts earlier (pretrigger) Remote command: on page 77 TRIGger<tp>[:SEQuence]:HOLDoff[:TIME]...
® Configuration R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Transducer Providing trigger signals as output is described in detail in the R&S ESW User Manual. "Input" The signal at the connector is used as an external trigger source by the R&S ESW. Trigger input parameters are available in the "Trigger"...
® Analysis R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Line settings 5 Analysis Access ● "Overview" > "Analysis" General result analysis settings concerning the trace, markers, lines etc. are similar to the analysis functions in the Spectrum application. For more information, refer to the R&S ESW Spectrum Analyzer User Manual.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Introduction 6 Remote commands for real-time spectro- gram measurements The following commands are specific to performing measurements in the Real-Time Spectrogram application in a remote environment. The R&S ESW must already be set up for remote operation in a network as described in the base unit manual.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Introduction If a command can be used for setting or querying only, or if it initiates an event, the usage is stated explicitly. ● Parameter usage If not specified otherwise, a parameter can be used to set a value and it is the result of a query.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Introduction Example: DISPlay[:WINDow<1...4>]:ZOOM:STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea- surement window, selected by the suffix at WINDow. DISPlay:WINDow4:ZOOM:STATe ON refers to window 4. 6.1.4 Optional keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compli- ance.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Introduction Parameters can have different forms of values. ● Numeric values....................... 44 ● Boolean........................45 ● Character data......................45 ● Character strings.....................45 ● Block data....................... 45 6.1.6.1 Numeric values Numeric values can be entered in any form, i.e. with sign, decimal point or exponent.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Introduction Not a number. Represents the numeric value 9.91E37. NAN is returned if errors occur. 6.1.6.2 Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states. The "on" state (logically true) is represented by "ON"...
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Application selection all bytes are transmitted. #0 specifies a data block of indefinite length. The use of the indefinite format requires an NL^END message to terminate the data block. This format is useful when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other consid- erations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Application selection The channel to be duplicated must be selected first using the INST:SEL command. Example: INST:SEL 'Receiver' INST:CRE:DUPL Duplicates the channel named 'Receiver' and creates a new channel named 'Receiver 2'.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Application selection INSTrument:DELete <ChannelName> This command deletes a channel. If you delete the last channel, the default "Receiver" channel is activated. Setting parameters: <ChannelName> String containing the name of the channel you want to delete.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Application selection Setting parameters: <ChannelName1> String containing the name of the channel you want to rename. <ChannelName2> String containing the new channel name. Note that you cannot assign an existing channel name to a new channel.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration 6.4 Result display configuration ● General window commands..................50 ● Screen layout......................51 6.4.1 General window commands Note that the suffix <n> always refers to the window in the currently selected mea- surement channel.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration 6.4.2 Screen layout The following commands are required to change the evaluation type and rearrange the screen layout for a measurement channel as you do using the SmartGrid in manual operation.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration Manual operation: "Fast Access" on page 13 "Marker Table" on page 13 "Notes" on page 13 "Preselector" on page 14 "Sweep" on page 14 "Sweep Spectrogram"...
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration LAYout:REMove[:WINDow] <WindowName> This command removes a window from the display in the active channel. Setting parameters: <WindowName> String containing the name of the window. In the default state, the name of the window is its index.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration Figure 6-1: SmartGrid coordinates for remote control of the splitters Setting parameters: <Index1> The index of one window the splitter controls. <Index2> The index of a window on the other side of the splitter.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration Example: LAY:SPL 1,4,70 Moves the splitter between window 1 ('Frequency Sweep') and 3 ('"Marker Peak List"') towards the top (70%) of the screen. The following commands have the exact same effect, as any combination of windows above and below the splitter moves the splitter vertically.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration Suffix: <n> Window Return values: <WindowName> String containing the name of a window. In the default state, the name of the window is its index. Example: LAY:WIND2:IDEN? Queries the name of the result display in window 2.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Result display configuration CALCulate<n>:MARKer<m>:X <Position> This command moves a marker to a specific coordinate on the x-axis. If necessary, the command activates the marker. If the marker has been used as a delta marker, the command turns it into a normal marker.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration 6.5.2 Preselector configuration The remote commands to configure the preselector are the same as in the Receiver application. For a comprehensive list of commands, refer to the user manual of the R&S ESW.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Parameters: <StepSize> is specified in the data sheet. Range: 1 to fMAX *RST: 0.1 x span Default unit: Hz Example: //Set the center frequency to 110 MHz. FREQ:CENT 100 MHz...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Manual operation: "Span" on page 24 [SENSe:]FREQuency:SPAN:FULL This command restores the full span. Manual operation: "Span" on page 24 [SENSe:]FREQuency:STARt <Frequency> This command defines the start frequency of a scan.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Example: //Define frequency step size FREQ:CENT:STEP 4KHZ Manual operation: "Frequency Stepsize" on page 23 DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:X:SPACing <Scale> This command selects the scale of the x-axis. Suffix: <n> irrelevant <t>...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration 6.5.5 Amplitude configuration Remote commands to configure level characteristics described elsewhere: ● on page 58 INPut<ip>:COUPling ............. 64 CALCulate<n>:MARKer<m>:FUNCtion:REFerence ..................... 64 CALCulate<n>:UNIT:POWer .......65 DISPlay[:WINDow<n>][:SUBWindow<w>]:TRACe<t>:Y[:SCALe]:RLEVel ....65 DISPlay[:WINDow<n>][:SUBWindow<w>]:TRACe<t>:Y[:SCALe]:RLEVel:OFFSet ..................65 INPut<ip>:ATTenuation[:VALue]...
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration DISPlay[:WINDow<n>][:SUBWindow<w>]:TRACe<t>:Y[:SCALe]:RLEVel <ReferenceLevel> This command defines the reference level (for all traces in all windows). With a reference level offset ≠ 0, the value range of the reference level is modified by the offset.
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Parameters: <Attenuation> Range: 0 dB to 79 dB *RST: 10 dB Default unit: dB Example: //Define attenuation INP:ATT 40dB Manual operation: "Attenuation" on page 29 INPut<ip>:ATTenuation:AUTO <State> This command turns automatic determination of the attenuation level on and off.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Suffix: <ip> irrelevant Parameters: <State> LOWNoise Selects the low noise mode. NORMal Selects the normal mode. *RST: NORMal Example: //Select low noise auto ranging mode INP:ATT:AMOD LOWN Manual operation: "Auto Range"...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Suffix: <sr> irrelevant Parameters: <State> ON | OFF | 1 | 0 *RST: Example: //Turn off auto ranging in the 4th scan range SCAN4:INP:ATT:AUTO OFF Manual operation: "Auto Range"...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration When the display update during remote control is off, this command has no immediate effect. Suffix: <n> Window <w> subwindow <t> irrelevant Parameters: <Mode> ABSolute absolute scaling of the y-axis...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration DISPlay[:WINDow<n>][:SUBWindow<w>]:TRACe<t>:Y:SPACing <ScalingType> This command selects the scaling of the y-axis (for all traces, <t> is irrelevant). Suffix: <n> Window <w> subwindow <t> Trace Parameters: <ScalingType> LOGarithmic Logarithmic scaling.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Parameters: <Level> Minimum displayed level. The unit and value range depend on the unit you have selected. *RST: 0 dBµV Example: //Define a minimum grid level DISP:TRAC:Y:BOTT -20 Manual operation: "Grid Range / Minimum Level"...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration When you change the filter type, the command selects the next larger filter bandwidth if the same bandwidth is unavailable for that filter. Parameters: <FilterType> CFILter Channel filters Available in the spectrum application.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Parameters: <Bandwidth> <numeric value> If you enter a resolution bandwidth that is not supported, the R&S ESW uses the next available bandwidth instead. Range: Refer to datasheet Default unit: Hz...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Note that in single measurement mode, you can synchronize to the end of the mea- surement with *OPC, *OPC? or *WAI. In continuous measurement mode, synchroniza- tion to the end of the measurement is not possible. Thus, it is not recommended that you use continuous measurement mode in remote control, as results like trace data or markers are only valid after a single measurement end synchronization.
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Example: //Start a single scan (with a scan count = 20), and wait until the measurement is done INIT2:CONT OFF SWE:COUN 20 INIT2;*WAI Usage: Event Manual operation: "Continuous Sweep / Run Cont"...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Parameters: <Time> <numeric value> Range: 5 µs to 100 s *RST: Default unit: s Example: //Define measurement time SWE:TIME 10s Manual operation: "Meas Time" on page 36 6.5.9 Trigger configuration ...................
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration Suffix: <tp> irrelevant Parameters: <Level> Default unit: V Example: //Define a trigger level of 2 V for an external trigger source TRIG:SOUR EXT TRIG:LEV 2V Manual operation: "Trigger Level"...
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® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Configuration TRIGger<tp>[:SEQuence]:SLOPe <Type> This command selects the trigger slope. Suffix: <tp> irrelevant Parameters: <Type> POSitive Triggers when the signal rises to the trigger level (rising edge). NEGative Triggers when the signal drops to the trigger level (falling edge).
® Remote commands for real-time spectrogram measurements R&S ESW-K55E and -K55R Analysis OUTPut Port works as an output. *RST: INPut Manual operation: "Trigger 2/3" on page 38 6.6 Analysis The functionality to analyze measurement results is the same as that of the Spectrum application.
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