1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. PRONAR Manuals
  4. Farm Equipment
  5. ZKP460T
  6. Operator's manual

PRONAR ZKP460T Operator's Manual

Rotary rake
Hide thumbs
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
TRANSLATION OF THE ORIGINAL COPY OF THE MANUAL
EDITION 1A-06-2016
PRONAR Sp. z o.o.
17-210 NAREW, UL. MICKIEWICZA 101A, PODLASKIE PROVINCE
phone:
fax:
OPERATOR MANUAL
ROTARY RAKE
PRONAR ZKP460T
+48 085 681 63 29
+48 085 681 63 81
+48 085 681 63 83
PUBLICATION NO 524N-00000000-UM
+48 085 681 64 29
+48 085 681 63 82
+48 085 682 71 10
www.pronar.pl

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the ZKP460T and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for PRONAR ZKP460T

Summary of Contents for PRONAR ZKP460T

  • Page 1 PRONAR Sp. z o.o. 17-210 NAREW, UL. MICKIEWICZA 101A, PODLASKIE PROVINCE phone: +48 085 681 63 29 +48 085 681 64 29 +48 085 681 63 81 +48 085 681 63 82 fax: +48 085 681 63 83 +48 085 682 71 10 www.pronar.pl...
  • Page 3 The manual describes the basic principles of safe use and operation of ZKP460T Rotary rake. If the information in this Operator Manual needs clarification, refer for assistance to the sale point where the machine was purchased or to the Manufacturer.
  • Page 4 SYMBOLS APPEARING IN THIS OPERATOR MANUAL Information, descriptions of danger and precautions and also recommendations and prohibitions associated with user safety instructions are marked: and also preceded by the word "DANGER.” Failure to observe the instructions may endanger the machine operator's or other person's health or life. Vital information and instructions that must be observed are by the symbol: and also preceded by the word "IMPORTANT".
  • Page 5 DIRECTIONS USED IN THIS OPERATOR MANUAL Left side – side to the left hand of the operator facing in the direction of machine's forward travel. Right side – side to the right hand of the operator facing in the direction of machine's forward travel.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    CONTENTS BASIC INFORMATION 1.1 ROTARY RAKE IDENTIFICATION 1.2 INTENDED USE 1.3 EQUIPMENT 1.4 TERMS & CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY 1.5 TRANSPORT 1.5.1 INDEPENDENT SHIPPING BY THE USER 1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK 1.7 WITHDRAWAL FROM USE 1.10 SAFETY ADVICE 2.1 BASIC SAFETY RULES 2.1.1 USE OF A ROTARY RAKE 2.1.2...
  • Page 8 3.2.3 LIGHTING SYSTEM 3.3 OPERATING PRINCIPLE CORRECT USE 4.1 PREPARING FOR WORK BEFORE THE FIRST USE 4.1.1 CHECKING THE ROTARY RAKE AFTER DELIVERY 4.1.2 PREPARING THE ROTARY RAKE FOR THE FIRST USE 4.1.3 TEST START 4.2 TECHNICAL CONDITION INSPECTION 4.3 HITCHING TO TRACTOR 4.4 TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE 4.4.1 SETTING THE ROTARY RAKE IN TRANSPORT POSITION...
  • Page 9 5.7 TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR NUT AND BOLT CONNECTIONS 5.11 5.8 TROUBLESHOOTING 5.12...

  • Page 11: Basic Information

    SECTION BASIC INFORMATION...

  • Page 12: Rotary Rake Identification

    Location of the nameplate (1) nameplate The ZKP460T rotary rake is marked with a nameplate (1), placed on left side of machine's lifting arm. When purchasing the rotary rake, make sure that the serial numbers on the machine are the same as entered in the WARRANTY BOOK, in sales documents and in the OPERATOR MANUAL.

  • Page 13: Intended Use

    SECTION 1 Pronar ZKP460T TABLE 1.1 Markings on nameplate ITEM MARKING Machine name, Serial number, Type, Year of manufacture, Gross weight, Quality Control marking, Machine name, continued. 1.2 INTENDED USE Rotary rake is designed for agricultural work: raking cut swaths (straw, grass, hays) and gathering it into windrows on stone free grassland with a level surface.
  • Page 14 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 1 TABLE 1.2 Requirements for agricultural tractor CONTENTS UNIT REQUIREMENTS Fork type hitch ISO 6489-4 or drawbar attached to three-point linkage arms Hydraulic system Maximum system pressure bar / MPa 200 / 20 Single acting connection socket...

  • Page 15: Equipment

    DS4R131CEKR7001 1.4 TERMS & CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY PRONAR Sp. z o.o. Narew guarantees the reliable operation of the machine when it is used according to its intended purpose as described in the OPERATOR MANUAL. The repair period is specified in the WARRANTY BOOK.

  • Page 16: Transport

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 1 In the event of damage arising from: • mechanical damage which is the user's fault, caused by road accidents, • by incorrect use, adjustment or maintenance, use of the rotary rake for purposes other than those for which it is intended, •...
  • Page 17 SECTION 1 Pronar ZKP460T DANGER Incorrect use of securing measures may cause an accident. The machine is delivered to the user on a transport vehicle. When loading and unloading the machine, follow the general health and safety regulations for reloading work. Persons operating reloading equipment must have the qualifications required to operate these machines.

  • Page 18: Independent Shipping By The User

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 1 The rotary rake should be attached to lifting equipment in places shown on figure (1.2), i.e. to transport lug (1) and support frame elements (2). Transport lug is marked with information decal. It is recommended that during transport of the machine the extending arm together with forming shield are dismantled.

  • Page 19: Environmental Risk

    SECTION 1 Pronar ZKP460T 1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK A hydraulic oil leak constitutes a direct threat to the natural environment owing to its limited biodegradability. The negligible solubility of hydraulic oil in water does not cause extreme toxicity of organisms living in the aquatic environment. The formation of a film of oil on the water may be the direct cause of physical action on organism, perhaps causing change of oxygen values in the water because of lack of direct contact of air with the water.

  • Page 20: Withdrawal From Use

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 1 1.7 WITHDRAWAL FROM USE Should you decide to withdraw the machine from use, comply with the regulations in force in the given country regarding withdrawal from use and recycling of machines withdrawn from use. Before disassembly of the equipment completely remove oil from hydraulic system.

  • Page 21: Safety Advice

    SECTION SAFETY ADVICE...

  • Page 22: Basic Safety Rules

    Anyone who uses the machine other than the way intended takes full responsibility for himself for any consequences of this use. • Any modification of the machine releases the manufacturer (PRONAR Narew) from any responsibility for damage or detriment to health which may arise as a result.

  • Page 23: Hitching And Disconnecting The Rotary Rake

    SECTION 2 Pronar ZKP460T • Rotary rake uncoupled from tractor must be supported by supports and secured against rolling away by using wheel chocks or other elements without sharp edges. • Do NOT ride on the rotary rake or transport any materials on it.

  • Page 24: Transporting The Machine

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 2 • Rotary rake uncoupled from tractor must be supported by supports and secured against rolling away by using wheel chocks or other elements without sharp edges. 2.1.3 TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE • Before driving off make certain that the rotary rake is correctly hitched to the tractor and check lighting system.

  • Page 25: Hydraulic System

    SECTION 2 Pronar ZKP460T 2.1.4 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM • The hydraulic system is under high pressure when operating. • Regularly check the technical condition of the hydraulic lines and connections. There must be no oil leaks. • In the event of the hydraulic system malfunction, discontinue using the machine until the malfunction is corrected.
  • Page 26 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 2 PTO is disengaged, tractor engine is switched off, parking brake is applied, ignition key is removed from ignition switch. • Before starting the tractor with the coupled rotary rake, make sure that PTO drive in the tractor is disconnected.

  • Page 27: Machine Operation

    SECTION 2 Pronar ZKP460T • When using the rotary rake and power take-off shaft, do not use PTO rotation speed other than 540 rpm. Do NOT overload shaft and rotary rake and also engage the clutch suddenly. • Do NOT go over and under the shaft or stand on it equally during work and also when the rotary rake is parked.

  • Page 28: Cleaning, Maintenance And Repairs

    When servicing, use appropriate, close-fitting protective clothing, gloves, shoes, glasses and the correct tools. • Any modification of the machine releases the manufacturer (PRONAR Narew) from any responsibility for damage or detriment to health which may arise as a result.

  • Page 29: Residual Risk

    After completing work associated with lubrication, remove excess oil or grease. 2.2 RESIDUAL RISK Pronar Sp. z o. o. in Narew has made every effort to eliminate the risk of accidents. There is, however, a certain residual risk, which could lead to an accident, and this is connected mainly with the actions described below: •...

  • Page 30: Information And Warning Decals

    If any are destroyed or damaged, they must be replaced with new. Safety decals are available from your PRONAR dealer or directly from PRONAR customer service. New 2.10...
  • Page 31 SECTION 2 Pronar ZKP460T assemblies, changed during repair, must be labelled once again with the appropriate safety signs. When cleaning the rotary rake, do not use solvents that can damage the coating of information decals and do not subject them to strong water jets.
  • Page 32 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 2 ITEM DECAL MEANING Thrown out objects endanger the whole body. Keep a safe distance from machine during work of rotary rake. 178N-00000006 Danger of being struck by rotating elements of the machine. Keep a safe distance from raking assembly.
  • Page 33 SECTION 2 Pronar ZKP460T FIGURE 2.1 Locations of information and warning decals 2.13...
  • Page 34 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 2 2.14...

  • Page 35: Design And Operation

    SECTION DESIGN AND OPERATION...

  • Page 36: Technical Specification

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 3 3.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION TABLE 3.1 Rotary rake technical specification CONTENTS UNIT ZKP460T Dimensions in the transport position Total length in transport setting 4,506 Height in transport setting 2,700 Width in transport setting 2,360 Dimensions in the operating position...

  • Page 37: Rotary Rake Design

    SECTION 3 Pronar ZKP460T 3.2 ROTARY RAKE DESIGN 3.2.1 ROTARY RAKE DESIGN Rotary rake design is shown in figure (3.1). The main subassembly of the machine is the support frame (1). In the front part of the machine there is the articulated drawbar (13) with the parking stand (14) mounted on its left side.
  • Page 38 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 3 FIGURE 3.1 Rotary rake design (1) frame, (2) transmission, (3) raking arm, (4) spring tine, (5) securing angle, (6) cotter pin, (7) wheel beam, (8) rocker arm, (9) wheels, (10) shield with extension arm, (11) protective...

  • Page 39: Hydraulic System

    SECTION 3 Pronar ZKP460T 3.2.2 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM The rotary rake's hydraulic system is used for raising / lowering the rotary rake's working unit. The hydraulic system is supplied from the tractor’s external hydraulic system through the conduit (3) terminated with the plug (4). The hydraulic system is equipped with the valve (5) for blocking the cylinder (1) in the transport position.

  • Page 40: Lighting System

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 3 3.2.3 LIGHTING SYSTEM The rotary rake’s lighting system is designed for supply of 12 V DC. Connect the rotary rake’s electrical system with the tractor using an appropriate connection lead with a plug (3). FIGURE 3.3...
  • Page 41 SECTION 3 Pronar ZKP460T TABLE 3.2 Lead colour marking MARKING COLOUR White Black Yellow Green Brown TABLE 3.3 List of electrical component markings SYMBOL NAME Rear right lamp assembly Rear left lamp assembly Seven-pin plug TABLE 3.4 Marking of the connectors in the plug...

  • Page 42: Operating Principle

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 3 3.3 OPERATING PRINCIPLE The rotary rake is equipped with the reduction gear driven by the tractor PTO. The torque is transferred through transfer shafts. The reduction gear design ensures that the raking assembly rotates anticlockwise. The gear's cam mechanism enables the rotation of individual arms, due to which the spring rake tines are lowered or raised according to current setting.

  • Page 43: Correct Use

    SECTION CORRECT...

  • Page 44: Preparing For Work Before The First Use

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 4.1 PREPARING FOR WORK BEFORE THE FIRST USE 4.1.1 CHECKING THE ROTARY RAKE AFTER DELIVERY The manufacturer guarantees that the rotary rake is fully operational and has been checked according to quality control procedures and is ready for use. This does not release the user from an obligation to check the machine's condition after delivery and before first use.

  • Page 45: Preparing The Rotary Rake For The First Use

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T 4.1.2 PREPARING THE ROTARY RAKE FOR THE FIRST USE When preparing the rotary rake for the first use, check the following: all lubrication points, lubricate the machine elements as needed according to recommendations provided in section 5.4 LUBRICATION,...

  • Page 46: Test Start

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 make certain that the PTO rotation direction is correct. 4.1.3 TEST START If all the above actions are completed and if the technical condition of the rotary rake is not a cause of concern then connect it to the tractor 4.3 "HITCHING TO TRACTOR”. Start the tractor engine, check all systems and test the rotary rake before beginning work.
  • Page 47 SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T after stopping rotary rake check fastening of rake fingers and raking arms. Check that the gear oil does not leak from the reduction gear. Disconnect PTO drive, turn off tractor engine and unhitch the rotary rake from tractor.

  • Page 48: Technical Condition Inspection

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 4.2 TECHNICAL CONDITION INSPECTION To get the rotary rake ready for daily use, check components according to guidelines presented in Table 4.1. TABELA 4.1 Technical inspection schedule DESCRIPTION MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES FREQUENCY Check the technical condition of safety...

  • Page 49: Hitching To Tractor

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T NOTE Do NOT use an inoperative rotary rake. The rotary rake must never be used by persons, who are not authorised to drive agricultural tractors, including children and people under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.
  • Page 50 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 Connect the hydraulic system conduit ended with a plug (7). Connect the main power supply cable of the electrical lighting system ended with a plug (6). FIGURE 4.1 Hitching to tractor (1) drawbar, (2) flat bar drawbar, (3) pin, (4) cotter pin’s pin, (5) PTO shaft for connection with...

  • Page 51: Transporting The Machine

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T Connect the end of the shaft fitted with the clutch to the rotary rake. Make sure that shaft ends on both the tractor and rotary rake fit well and the linkage is properly secured. Attach chains securing the PTO shaft covers.

  • Page 52: Setting The Rotary Rake In Transport Position

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 4.4.1 SETTING THE ROTARY RAKE IN TRANSPORT POSITION NOTE When transporting the machine on public roads, parking lights and safety devices required by law must be installed. Setting from transport position to working position and vice versa should only be conducted on a level and stable surface.
  • Page 53 SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T FIGURE 4.2 Setting the rotary rake in transport position (1) swath forming shield, (2) securing pin, (3) protective shield, (4) shield lock, (5) lock arm, (6) cut-off valve, (I) "open” valve position, (0) "closed” valve position Disconnection of PTO shaft is not necessary but taking it off is recommended.

  • Page 54: Disassembling The Raking Arms

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 4.4.2 DISASSEMBLING THE RAKING ARMS In order to reduce the machine transport width, the raking arms should be disassembled. In order to disassemble the raking arm, take out securing cotter pin (2) and pull the raking arm out of its mount in the raking assembly gear.

  • Page 55: Rotary Rake Operation

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T 4.5 ROTARY RAKE OPERATION 4.5.1 SETTING THE ROTARY RAKE TO WORKING POSITION DANGER Setting the rotary rake to working position may only take place when the tractor engine is turned off. Remove the key from the ignition, ensure that unauthorised persons do not have access to the tractor.

  • Page 56: Setting The Raking Height

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 If the raking arms (1) were disassembled, assemble them by sliding them into arm mount (2) and secure with cotter pin (3) – figure (4.4). Turn the side protective shields (3) to working position - figure (4.2).
  • Page 57 SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T If spring rake tines are too high from the ground there is a risk that not all of the swath will be raked. If the spring rake tines are too low from the ground, the swath may be contaminated with earth, turf, stones etc.

  • Page 58: Setting The Swath Width

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 FIGURE 4.6 Setting the raking height (1) adjustment crank, (2) rubber bumper, (3) lock nut, (4) wheel beam plate 4.5.3 SETTING THE SWATH WIDTH FIGURE 4.7 Setting the swath width (1) swath forming shield, (2) securing pin...

  • Page 59: Setting The Side Tipping Of The Working Unit

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T Depending on the amount of hay crop and type of machines which will be working on the field after the rotary rake, the required swath width can be set within the range from 0.5 m to 1.2 m.

  • Page 60: Setting The Gauge Wheel (Option)

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 loosen fixing screws (1) and lock nut (3), use the screw (2) to set the chassis inclination angle and tighten the lock nut (3), After the adjustment, retighten the fixing screws (1). 4.5.5 SETTING THE GAUGE WHEEL (OPTION) The rotary rake can be additionally equipped with a gauge wheel.

  • Page 61: Raking

    SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T stop tractor and remove the key from the ignition, ensure that unauthorised persons do not have access to the tractor, unlock the cotter pin (4) and pull out the pin (3), set the required position of the support wheel (1) in the wheel arm holder (2), after the adjustment, secure the wheel position using the pin (3) and the cotter pin (4).

  • Page 62: Unhitching The Rotary Rake

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 IMPORTANT Do NOT start the rotary rake with PTO revolution speed higher than 540 rpm. The revolution speed of the shaft and the ground speed depend on several factors, including size of swath, degree of moisture, length of swath, type of ground, therefore the selection of appropriate working parameters rests on the person operating the rotary rake.
  • Page 63 SECTION 4 Pronar ZKP460T FIGURE 4.10 Unhitching the rotary rake (1) parking stand, (2) hydraulic conduit, (3) electrical lead, (4) conduit bracket, (5) PTO shaft for connection with tractor In order to disconnect the rotary rake from the tractor, proceed as follows: •...
  • Page 64 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 4 • Turn off tractor engine and remove the key from the ignition, ensure that unauthorised persons do not have access to the tractor. • Secure the machine against rolling away by placing chocks or other elements without sharp edges under the wheels.

  • Page 65: Maintenance

    SECTION MAINTENANCE...

  • Page 66: Preliminary Information

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 5.1 PRELIMINARY INFORMATION When using the machine, regular inspections of its technical condition and the performance of maintenance procedures are essential, which keep the machine in good technical condition. In connection with this the user of the rotary rake is obliged to perform all the maintenance and adjustment procedures defined by the Manufacturer.
  • Page 67 SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T FIGURE 5.1 Gear oil change (1) filler-overflow plug, (2) drain plug In order to change oil in reducer: • set rotary rake on a hard surface and level the machine • unscrew the filler-overflow plug (1) •...

  • Page 68: Storage

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 Lubrication of the reduction gear bearing is also required during normal operation - see section "Lubrication”. If a leak is noticed, carefully inspect seals and check oil level. Operating the reduction gear with insufficient amount of oil may cause its permanent damage. Repairs of the reduction gear during warranty period may only be performed at authorised mechanical workshops.

  • Page 69: Lubrication

    SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T 5.4 LUBRICATION Rotary rake lubrication shall be performed where indicated in figure (5.2) and as detailed in table (5.1). This procedure should be performed using a hand or foot operated grease gun filled with generally available permanent grease. Before commencing lubrication insofar as is possible remove old grease and other contamination.
  • Page 70 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 FIGURE 5.2 Rotary rake lubrication points...
  • Page 71 SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T TABLE 5.1 Lubrication points NUMBER TYPE OF LUBRICATION NAME LUBRICATI GREASE FREQUENCY ON POINTS Suspension rocker arm pin PERMANENT 60 hours Wheel axle PERMANENT 60 hours Shaft self-aligning bearing PERMANENT 20 hours Drawbar cylinder lower pin...

  • Page 72: Checking And Replacement Of Spring Rake Tines

    Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 NUMBER TYPE OF LUBRICATION NAME LUBRICATI GREASE FREQUENCY ON POINTS Shield locking mechanism sleeve PERMANENT 20 hours Parking stand rotation sleeve PERMANENT 20 hours every 500 hours or Gear once a year PTO shaft IMPORTANT. Description of markings in Item column in Table (5.1) conforms with numbering shown in Figure (5.1).

  • Page 73: Gauge Wheel Mounting

    SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T Spring rake tines and their mounting should be checked while working with rotary rake. Damaged elements should be replaced. It is not possible to repair spring rake tines. FIGURE 5.3 Changing spring rake tines (1) spring rake tine, (2) securing angle, (3) bolt, (4) self-locking nut 5.6 GAUGE WHEEL MOUNTING...
  • Page 74 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 FIGURE 5.4 Gauge wheel mounting (1) wheel arm, (2) gauge wheel, (3) screw, (4) pin, (5) cotter pin, (6) wheel mounting plate 5.10...
  • Page 75 SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T 5.7 TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR NUT AND BOLT CONNECTIONS During maintenance or repair work, apply appropriate torque when tightening bolt and nut connections, unless other tightening torque values are given. Recommended tightening torque of most frequently applied nut and bolt connections are given in table (5.2). Given values apply to non-lubricated steel bolts.
  • Page 76 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 10.9 METRIC THREAD Md [Nm] 1,050 1,150 1,650 1,050 1,450 2,100 – strength class according to DIN ISO 898 standard Hydraulic lines should be tightened using torque of 50 – 70 Nm. 5.8 TROUBLESHOOTING TABLE 5.3...
  • Page 77 SECTION 5 Pronar ZKP460T TYPE OF FAULT POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY Change the lateral tipping Incorrect lateral tipping according to section 4.5.4. Spring tines damaged or Install spring tines or replace missing worn spring tines. Set the raking height higher according to section 4.5.2...
  • Page 78 Pronar ZKP460T SECTION 5 5.14...
  • Page 79 NOTES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Table of Contents