Page 1 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Part No. P0606298 02 August 11, 2003...
Page 2 Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc. Trademarks NORTEL NETWORKS, Norstar and Meridian are trademarks of Nortel Networks.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Configuring the VoIP Gateway ........
Page 4 Configuring the VoIP Gateway time and date ........
Page 5 Setting up the VoIP Gateway for T.38 Fax Relay ......127...
Page 6 Planning Your Numbering Plan ..........149 Configuring Numbering Plans in the Norstar VoIP Gateway ......150 Appendix B Efficient Networking .
Page 7 Committing Gatekeeper Configuration Changes ......180 Programming the VoIP Gateway to work with a CSE 1000 Gatekeeper ... . 180 Radvision Gatekeeper .
Page 8 VoIP Gateway specific payload types ........
Page 9 Using a RAD over the VoIP Gateway ....... . 126...
Page 10 Figures Figure 40 Status and Error Messages ........142 Figure 41 E.164 Numbering Plan .
Page 11 Using the VoIP Gateway features ........
Page 12 Tables P0606298 02...
Page 13: Preface
Preface The Norstar VoIP Gateway is an accessory for Norstar KSU that provides up to four IP telephony trunks. These IP telephony trunks allow you to establish voice calls to other IP telephony enabled telephones systems using a data networking connection. Examples of IP telephony enabled telephone systems are a Business Communications Manager system, Meridian 1 IPT or another Norstar KSU equipped with a Norstar VoIP Gateway.
Page 14: Text Conventions
Text conventions Note: Note/Tip symbol Alerts you to important information. Tip: Note/Tip symbol Alerts you to additional information that can help you perform a task. Text conventions This guide uses these following text conventions: angle brackets (< >) bold Courier text italic text bold text plain Courier...
Page 15: Related Publications
ISDN LATA PING PSTN SNMP VoIP VLAN Related publications Documents referenced in the Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide include: • Norstar Installer Guide • Norstar System Coordinator Guide • Norstar VoIP Gateway Installation Guide Internet Control Message Protocol Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., standard 802...
Page 16: How To Get Help
How to get help How to get help USA and Canada Authorized Distributors - ITAS Technical Support Telephone: 1-800-4NORTEL (1-800-466-7835) If you already have a PIN Code, you can enter Express Routing Code (ERC) 196#. If you do not yet have a PIN Code, or for general questions and first line support, you can enter ERC 338#.
Page 17: About Norstar Voip Gateway
The VoIP Gateway is a very compact device, designed to be installed on a desk-top, on the wall, or in a 19-inch rack.
Page 18: Voip Gateway Key Features
Figure 2 Typical VoIP Gateway application Branch Office Modular ICS VoIP Gateway VoIP Gateway C h a n n e l s Router Branch Office Compact ICS VoIP Gateway VoIP Gateway C h a n n e l s Router VoIP Gateway key features •...
Page 19: Supported H.323 Features
19-inch rack unit, 1 U high (1.75" or 44.5 mm) • mounting option of installing two VoIP Gateway in a single 19-inch rack shelf, one U high (1.75" or 44.5 mm). Supported H.323 features The VoIP Gateway implements the RadVision™...
Page 20 "Alphanumeric" field). • Supports DTMF out of band using H.225/Q.931 keypad facility messages. • Supports of one or two stage dialing for network to VoIP Gateway calls. • Supports reopening of logical channel and implementation of empty terminal capability set. •...
Page 21: Chapter 2 Ip Telephony Overview
In IP telephony, the VoIP Gateway encodes the speech of the call into small data packets called frames. The system sends the frames across the IP network to the other VoIP Gateway, where the frames are decoded and sent to the receiving telephone.
Page 22: Gatekeepers
A gatekeeper tracks IP addresses of specified devices, and provides authorization for making and accepting calls for these devices. A gatekeeper is not required as part of the network to which your VoIP Gateway is attached, but Gatekeepers can be useful on networks with a large number of devices.
Page 23: Jitter Buffer
This defines the starting jitter capacity of the buffer. For instance, at 0 msec, there is no buffering at the start. At the default level of 70 msec, the VoIP Gateway will always buffer incoming packets by at least 70 msec worth of voice frames.
Page 24: Qos Routing
DSCP is contained within the DiffServ field, which was known as the ToS field in older versions. Prerequisites checklist Before you set up VoIP trunks on the VoIP Gateway, complete the following checklists to ensure that the system is correctly set up. Some questions do not apply to all installations.
Page 25: Network Devices
2.a Is the network using DHCP? 2.b Is the network using private IP addresses? 2.c Do you have a public IP addresses for the Norstar VoIP Gateway? 2.d Does the system have a firewall/NAT device? 2.e A hub-based core will not have suitable performance for IP Telephony. Does the network...
Page 26 Network assessment P0606298 02...
Page 27: Chapter 3 Configuring The Voip Gateway
Microsoft™ Internet Explorer or Netscape™ Navigator. Specifically, you can employ this facility to set up the gateway configuration parameters needed to configure the VoIP Gateway. You also have the option to reset the gateway to apply the new set of parameters.
Page 28: Figure 3 Web Browser Login Screen
If you have not changed the user name and password, the default User Name is Admin and the default password is Admin. Note: Nortel Networks recommends that you change the User Name and Password from their default values. For information about how to change the User Name and Password, refer to “Changing the VoIP Gateway password”...
Page 29: Configuring The Protocol Definition Parameters
To configure the Protocol Definition parameters: Access the web interface. Click the Protocol Management button. Click the Protocol Definition tab. The Protocol Definition screen appears. Figure 4 Protocol Definition screen Configuring the Protocol Definition parameters Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 30: Table 4 Protocol Definition Parameters
Select H323-ID if you want the VoIP Gateway to add the H323-ID to the source information. Select E.164 if you want the VoIP Gateway to use E.164 source encoding and not use the encoding type defined in the table. The default value is E.164.
Page 31 Select Yes if you want to use the internal Telephone to IP Routing table when the Gatekeeper is not available. When the VoIP Gateway falls back to the internal Telephone to IP Routing table, the VoIP Gateway continues scanning for the Gatekeeper. When the VoIP Gateway finds an active Gatekeeper, it switches from internal routing back to Gatekeeper routing.
Page 32 The default number of retransmissions is 2. Note: This setting must match the configuration settings on your Gatekeeper. Time between GK retries Enter the time in seconds before the VoIP Gateway tries to contact the list of Gatekeepers again. The default time is 60 seconds.
Page 33 2nd Coder Select the second preferred codec for the VoIP Gateway. If the far end gateway cannot use the codec assigned as the 1st Coder, the VoIP Gateway attempts to use this codec. Select the size of the Voice Packet used with this codec in milliseconds.
Page 34 Fast Start Parameters Open H.245 channel Select No if you do not want the VoIP Gateway to open an H.245 channel when making a Fast Start connection. Select Yes if you want the VoIP Gateway to open an H.245 channel immediately after the Fast Start connection is established.
Page 35 Note: This option is only relevant if Fast Start is used. Recommendations: If there are any Business Communications Manager or Meridian 1 IPT gateways on your VoIP network, set this parameter to No. Configuring the Protocol Definition parameters Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 36 Number Manipulation and Routing Modes Add Trunk Group ID as Select No if you do not want the VoIP Gateway to add the Trunk Group ID Prefix Select Yes if you want to add the Hunt Group ID as a prefix to the destination phone number for incoming calls.
Page 37 Misc parameters IP Security Select No if you want the VoIP Gateway to accept all H.323 calls that are sent to the VoIP Gateway.(default) Select Yes if you want the VoIP Gateway to accept H.323 calls only from IP addresses defined in Prefix routing table.
Page 38 Polarity Reversal Select No if you do not want the VoIP Gateway to change the line polarity. Select Yes if you want the VoIP Gateway to change the line polarity on call answer and change it back on call release.
Page 39 Parameter Description Release Call on “Setup Select No if you do not want the VoIP Gateway to release the call when it receives a Ack” Setup Ack message. Select Yes if you want the VoIP Gateway to release the call when it receives a Setup Ack message.
Page 40 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 41: Configuring The Registration Prefixes
Gatekeeper. This registration request is triggered by a gateway reset. If there are no entries in the Registration Prefix Table, then the VoIP Gateway registers with the Gatekeeper using the numbers defined on the Channels - Hunt Group screen and the NPI / TON selected in the Gateway Registration Type parameter on the Protocol Definition screen.
Page 42: Figure 5 Registration Prefixes Table Screen
Configuring the Registration Prefixes Click the Registration Prefixes tab. The Registration Prefixes Table screen appears. Figure 5 Registration Prefixes Table screen P0606298 02...
Page 43: Table 5 Registration Prefixes Table
Note: The Type of Number information is used only for registration of this number where the VoIP Gateway is the destination endpoint. The Type of Number encoding used when dialing from this VoIP Gateway is set in the number manipulation tables for Telephone to IP calls.
Page 44: Configuring The Number Manipulation Tables
Number Manipulation overview The Norstar VoIP Gateway contains a number of very powerful and useful utilities for the manipulation of source and destination telephone numbers used on a call by call basis. Understanding how the manipulation works and what circumstances would need digit manipulation is key to setting up the overall network dialing plan.
Page 45 The tables provide the ability to strip leading digits from the digit string (number of stripped digits) and to add new leading digits (prefix to add). Configuring the Number Manipulation tables Appendix A, “Numbering and Dial Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 46: Configuring Number Manipulation For Destination Phone Numbers For Norstar To Ip Calls
• Assignment of NPI / TON. The VoIP Gateway can use a single global setting for NPI / TON classification or it can use the setting in this table on a call by call basis. Control for this is done using “Protocol Management / Protocol Definition / Destination Number Encoding...
Page 47: Figure 6 Destination Phone Number Manipulation Table For Tel->Ip Calls Screen
To configure the first ten entries, click the Table Index drop list and click 1-10. To configure the last ten entries, click the Table Index drop list and click 11-20. Configuring the Number Manipulation tables Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 48: Table 6 Destination Phone Number Manipulation Table For Tel->Ip Calls (Norstar To Ip)
2 to numbers that start with 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 and 559. However if you enter 55* in entry 1 and 551* in entry 2, the VoIP Gateway applies rule 1 to all numbers that start with 55 including numbers that start with 551.
Page 49: Configuring Number Manipulation For Digit Delivery
These extra digits may be for a local telephone set or a local PSTN call. If the destination digits received by the VoIP Gateway match a row of this table, the digits will first be manipulated according to the rule in that row.
Page 50: Figure 7 Digit Delivery Table Screen
Configuring the Number Manipulation tables Digit Delivery Table Figure 7 To configure the first ten entries, click the Table Index drop list and click 1-10. To configure the last ten entries, click the Table Index drop list and click 11-20. P0606298 02 screen...
Page 51: Table 7 Digit Delivery Table
2 to numbers that start with 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 and 559. However if you enter 55* in entry 1 and 551* in entry 2, the VoIP Gateway applies rule 1 to all numbers that start with 55 including numbers that start with 551.
Page 52: Configuring Number Manipulation For Source Phone Numbers For Ip To Norstar Calls
If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 53: Figure 8 Source Phone Number Manipulation Table For Ip->Tel Calls Screen
Configuring the Number Manipulation tables Figure 8 Source Phone Number Manipulation Table for IP->TEL calls screen Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 54: Table 8 Source Phone Number Manipulation Table For Ip->Tel Calls (Ip To Norstar)
2 to numbers that start with 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 and 559. However if you enter 55* in entry 1 and 551* in entry 2, the VoIP Gateway applies rule 1 to all numbers that start with 55 including numbers that start with 551.
Page 55: Configuring Number Manipulation For Source Phone Numbers For Norstar To Ip Calls
Source phone numbers are entered into the VoIP Gateway in the Channels – Hunt Group table. In that table, a phone number can be entered for each port of the VoIP Gateway. This number may be different from port to port, which is appropriate for a system that uses a key system style of line appearances, or could be the same, which is appropriate for a system that uses the PBX system of line pools.
Page 56: Figure 9 Source Phone Number Manipulation Table For Tel->Ip Calls Screen
2 to numbers that start with 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 and 559. However if you enter 55* in entry 1 and 551* in entry 2, the VoIP Gateway applies rule 1 to all numbers that start with 55 including numbers that start with 551.
Page 57 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 58: Configuring The Channels To Hunt Group Parameters
Configuring the Channels to Hunt Group parameters Configuring the Channels to Hunt Group parameters From the Channels - Hunt Group screen you can enable and assign telephone numbers to the VoIP Gateway ports. To configure the Channels to Hunt Group parameters: Access the web interface.
Page 59: Table 10 End Point's Phone Numbers
The numbers in the Channel(s) boxes represent the ports on the back of the VoIP Gateway. To enable a VoIP Gateway channel, you must enter the port number on this screen. Phone Number In each of the Phone Number boxes, enter the telephone number that is assigned to that channel.
Page 60 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 61: Configuring The Automatic Dialing Phone Numbers
Figure 11 Automatic Dialing Table In the Destination Phone Number box for a port, enter the telephone number to dial. When this VoIP Gateway port is selected when making a call, the number in the Destination Phone Number box is automatically dialed.
Page 62 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 63: Configuring The Caller Id Display
The Caller ID Display Table contains the Caller ID information that is sent when a call is made using the VoIP Gateway. The person receiving the call can use this information for caller identification. The information on this table is sent in the H.225 Setup message sent to the remote party.
Page 64 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 65: Configuring The Telephone To Ip Routing
The IP Routing Table associates a called telephone number prefix with a destination IP address. When a call is routed through the VoIP Gateway, the number dialed is compared to the list of prefixes on the IP Routing Table. Calls that match one of the prefixes are sent to the corresponding IP address.
Page 66 In the Destination Phone Prefix box, enter a prefix for this IP Routing Table entry. The prefix can be 1 to 40 digits long. Any telephone number routed to the VoIP Gateway that starts with these digits is sent to the IP Telephony gateway that has the IP Address entered in the box to the right of this field.
Page 67: Configuring The Ip To Hunt Group Routing
• You must assign a Hunt Group ID to the VoIP Gateway channels on the End Point Phone Number screen. For information about how to assign a Hunt Group ID to a channel, refer to “Configuring the Channels to Hunt Group parameters”...
Page 68: Figure 14 Ip To Hunt Group Routing Table
Configuring the IP to Hunt Group Routing Figure 14 IP to Hunt Group Routing Table P0606298 02...
Page 69 In the Prefix box, enter a prefix for this Hunt Group Routing Table entry. The prefix can be 1 to 7 digits long. Any telephone number routed to the VoIP Gateway that starts with these digits is assigned to the Hunt Group entered in the box to the right of this field.
Page 70 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 71: Configuring Call Forwarding
Configuring Call Forwarding The VoIP Gateway allows you to forward incoming calls based on the VoIP Gateway port to which the call is routed. This feature uses H.450 protocol and should only be considered for networks that only use Norstar VoIP Gateways.
Page 72: Configuring The Network Settings
If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 73: Figure 16 Network Settings
Enter the IP address in dotted format notation, for example 192.10.1.255. The IP address for the VoIP Gateway must be a static IP address. If you do not know the IP address for the VoIP Gateway, contact your network administrator.
Page 74 NAT IP Address If the VoIP Gateway is behind a router with NAT enabled, enter the NAT IP address for the VoIP Gateway. Nortel Networks does not recommend using the VoIP Gateway behind a router that has NAT enabled.
Page 75 Shows the speed, in MBits per second, that the Ethernet port is using. This is a read-only parameter. Click the Submit button to save your changes. To apply the changes, you must reset the VoIP Gateway. To reset the VoIP Gateway: Click the Reset button. b Click the Restart button.
Page 76: Configuring The Channel Settings
Configuring the Channel Settings The Channels Settings screen allows you to set the VoIP Gateway channel parameters, such as Input and Output voice gain, Jitter buffer characteristics, Modem, Fax and DTMF transport modes. These parameters apply to all VoIP Gateway ports.
Page 77: Figure 17 Channel Settings
Configuring the Channel Settings Figure 17 Channel Settings Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 78: Table 13 Channel Settings
You can select Transparent, Relay or Bypass. The default value is Relay. Caller ID Transport Type Select the Caller ID Transport Type you want the VoIP Gateway to use. You can select Disable, Bypass or Mute. Caller ID Type Select Bellcore for this option.
Page 79 You can select 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12000, or 14400. The default rate is 14400 bps. Fax/Modem Bypass Select the Codec you want the VoIP Gateway to use when performing fax/modem bypass. Coder Type Usually, high bit rate coders such as G.711 should be used.
Page 80 You can enter a value of 1, 2 or 3 codec payloads. The default value is 1 codec payload. Basic RTP Packet Select the RTP Packet Interval you want the VoIP Gateway to use for the codecs. Interval RTP Directional Control Select the RTP Directional Control you want the VoIP Gateway to use.
Page 81 Select Enable to enable Pattern Detector. Select Disable to disable Pattern Detector. Click the Submit button to save your changes. To apply the changes, you must reset the VoIP Gateway. To reset the VoIP Gateway: Click the Reset button. b Click the Restart button.
Page 82: Configuring The Voip Gateway Time And Date
In the HH box, enter the current hour using 24 hour clock, (for example, enter 14 for 2 p.m.). Note: The time you enter is the time at the location where the VoIP Gateway is installed. Be sure to allow for the time difference if the VoIP Gateway is located in a different time zone.
Page 83 If you are not happy with the new configuration, do not save the changes to non-volatile memory and remove power from the VoIP Gateway. The VoIP Gateway will return to the previous configuration.
Page 84 Configuring the VoIP Gateway time and date P0606298 02...
Page 85: Chapter 4 Configuring The Voip Gateway Using The Ini File
Retrieving the INI file from the VoIP Gateway Before you can edit the INI file, you need to get the INI file from the VoIP Gateway. Access the web interface. Click the Advanced Configuration button.
Page 86: Loading The Ini File On The Voip Gateway
You can now edit the INI file using a standard text editor. The file that you create must have the Windows extension “.ini”. Loading the INI file on the VoIP Gateway After you have finished editing the INI file, you need to load that file onto the VoIP Gateway. To load the INI file: Access the web interface.
Page 87: Contents Of The Ini File
Gateway at the time of manufacture. All parameters that are defined in the INI file contained in the CD ROM or obtained by uploading the INI file from the VoIP Gateway should also be defined in the user modified INI file in order for the VoIP Gateway to function correctly. You may alter these parameters, but the parameter should be specifically defined.
Page 88: Basic, Logging And Web Parameters
0 = Disable gateway’s watch dog 1 = Enable gateway’s watch dog (default) 0 - Disable LAN WatchDog (default) 1 - Enable LAN WatchDog When enabled, the VoIP Gateway is restarted if a LAN failure is detected. IP address in dotted format notation, e.g., ‘192.10.1.255’...
Page 89 IP address of SNMP Manager. The SNMP manager is used for receiving SNMP Traps. For example: SNMPManagerIP = 10.2.1.10 0 – SNMP is enabled (default) 1 – SNMP is disabled HTTP port used for Web management (default = 80). Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Contents of the INI file...
Page 90: Channel Parameters
0 to 12 (default = 7) Dynamic jitter buffer frame error/delay optimization. Range 1000-64000 (default 4000) The lower boundary of the UDP ports used by the VoIP Gateway for RTP, RTCP and T.38 channels. The upper boundary is the BaseUDPPort + 10*(number of gateway’s channels).
Page 91 -31 to 31, corresponding to -31 dB to +31 dB in 1 dB steps. (Default = 1 dB). Voice gain control 0 = silence compression disabled (default) 1 = silence compression enabled Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Contents of the INI file...
Page 92 Contents of the INI file Table 15 Channel parameters (Continued) INI File Field Name IPDiffServ IPPrecedence IPTOS FlashHookPeriod MinimumFlashHookTime DTMFDetectionPoint DTMFDigitLength DTMFInterDigitInterval CallerIDType TestMode P0606298 02 Valid Range and Description 0 = Echo Canceler disabled 1 = Echo Canceler enabled (default) 0 - 63 value for setting the Diff Services Code Point (DSCP).
Page 93: H.323 Parameters
3 - Table Values 4 - Table Values and H.323-ID Select 0 (E.164) if you want the VoIP Gateway to use e164 encoding and not use the encoding type defined in the table Select 1 (H.323-ID) if you want the VoIP Gateway to add the H323-ID to the destination information.
Page 94 3 - Table Values 4 - Table Values and H.323-ID registration Select 0 (E.164) if you want the VoIP Gateway to use e164 source encoding and not use the encoding type defined in the table Select 1 (H.323-ID) if you want the VoIP Gateway to add the H323-ID to the source information.
Page 95 1 = tunneling 0 - Disable RAI messages 1 - If the VoIP Gateway resources are below the threshold, an almost out of resources RAI message will be sent to the Gatekeeper. Usually RAI will be applicable if the VoIP Gateway is configured to use Hunt groups.
Page 96 0 - Disable Hold 1 - Enable Hold service (H.450.4) If enabled the Hold (or unhold) will be activated at the VoIP Gateway by a HookFlash. On receiving a Hold request, the remote party will be put on hold, and will play hold tone to the telephone port.
Page 97 0 - Disable Call Transfer (default) 1 - Enable call transfer service (H.450.2) A transfer is initiated at the VoIP Gateway by using a HookFlash. If this service is enabled, the remote party will perform the call transfer. 0 - Disable call forward (default) 1 - Enable call forward service (H.450.3).
Page 98 When using one stage dialing, (‘IsTwoStageDial =0’), ‘IsUseFreeChannel’ should be equal to ‘1’. For one stage dialing the VoIP Gateway selects the next free channel, and dials into the line the destination phone number received in Setup message. 0 = One stage dialing...
Page 99 The DefaultNumber must be one of the phone numbers of the end points. 0 = The VoIP Gateway encodes the calling and called phone number into e.164 field (default) 1 = The VoIP Gateway encodes the destination phone number in e.164 and source phone number in H.323-ID fields.
Page 100 CallerDisplayInfo3 = Nortel 1004 0 = Don’t send CallerID signal to VoIP Gateway port (default) 1 = Calling number and Display text is sent to the VoIP Gateway port, between the first and second rings. In the VoIP Gateway, if "EnableCallerID=1", the Caller ID signal will be detected and sent to IP in a H.323 Setup message (as "Display"...
Page 101 G.729 coder is set to 40 msec (default). 0 = The line polarity is not changed on answer (default) 1 = The VoIP Gateway will change the line polarity on call answer and change it back on call release.
Page 102 Contents of the INI file Table 16 H.323 Parameters (Continued) INI File Field Name DestNumberType DestNumberPlan SourceNumberType SourceNumberPlan P0606298 02 Valid Range and Description 0 = Unknown (default) 1 = International Number 2 = National Number 3 = Network Specific Number 4 = Subscribe Number (or local) 6 = Abbreviated number 7 = Reserved for extension...
Page 103 9,3 - Private PISN Specific 9,4 - Private Level 0 Regional (local) 1,1 - Public International 1,2 - Public National 1,3 - Public Network Specific 1,4 - Public Subscriber 1,6 - Public Abbreviated Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Contents of the INI file...
Page 104 Contents of the INI file Table 16 H.323 Parameters (Continued) INI File Field Name NumberMapIP2Tel SourceNumberMapTel2IP SourceNumberMapIP2Tel RouteModeIP2Tel RouteModeTel2IP P0606298 02 Valid Range and Description a,b,c,d a = Phone number b = Number of stripped digits c = New prefix to be added, or "none" d = Number of remained digits from right This parameter defines the rule(s) for changing the destination phone number received on an IP to telephone call.
Page 105: The Ini File Structure
The INI file should be ended with one or more carriage returns. Valid Range and Description 0 - Not used (default) 1 - If LAN or Gatekeeper is not responding, the VoIP Gateway will play a reorder tone on phone OffHook. 0 - not used 1 - For a Telephone to IP incoming call, a Hunt Group ID will be added as prefix to the destination phone number.
Page 106: The Ini File Example
Note: Using the Windows Properties display, verify that the MS-DOS name of the INI file is in fact mp104.ini, and NOT by mistake mp104.ini.ini, or mp104~.ini. To restore the VoIP Gateway default configuration parameters, use the mp1xx.INI file without any valid parameters or with semicolon (;) character preceding all lines in the file.
Page 107: Using Voip Gateway Features
Using VoIP Gateway features Table 17 lists some common features on the VoIP Gateway and describes which INI file parameter you must set in order to use that feature. Table 17 Using the VoIP Gateway features Feature Parameter Use given...
Page 108 Using VoIP Gateway features Table 17 Using the VoIP Gateway features (Continued) Feature Parameter Use “Fast IsFastConnectUsed Connect” Note: Fast start and Tunneling can be used together. procedure IsTunnelingEnabled “Tunneling” procedure Default DefaultNumber number This is used to get call setups from end-points that do not send called phone number.
Page 109 Table 17 Using the VoIP Gateway features (Continued) Feature Parameter Open media IsFSOpenMediaONConnect only on This feature is useful when Tunneling or Fast Connect are used. The Voice connect channel in the egress gateway is opened immediately after sending an ALERT message.
Page 110 Using VoIP Gateway features P0606298 02...
Page 111: Chapter 5 Configuring The Norstar System
Chapter 5 Configuring the Norstar system To ensure that the VoIP Gateway functions as expected, you need configure the Norstar system to operate with the VoIP Gateway. This section describes what configuration needs to done on the Norstar system. This section also provides some example configurations.
Page 112: Configuration Tips
(for example, 758-0000). If calls over the VoIP Gateway have the potential to go to the PSTN, then the number needs to be the main PSTN number for that location (for example, 4037692211).
Page 113: Figure 23 Example Of Ip To Hunt Group Routing Settings For Shared Lines
You must always add a "D" (wait for dial tone) to the Prefix to Add column even if no other digits are to be added. If we assume both PSTN and private network calls can be received over the VoIP Gateway and we use the example above, then the Digit Delivery Table would look like Figure 24.
Page 114: Dedicated Lines Settings
Christine's set, and channel 4 is assigned to Mary's set. The respective Norstar lines are lines 31 to 34. Calls made to the VoIP Gateway can go to private network or PSTN locations. shows the how the Channels - Hunt Group screen should be configured for this example.
Page 115: Figure 25 Example Of Channels - Hunt Group Settings For Dedicated Lines
Hunt Group. Exactly what these numbers are depends on what types of calls are sent to the VoIP Gateway over IP. example above. Figure 27 shows a sample IP to Hunt Group Routing Table for the Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Configuring your Norstar KSU Figure...
Page 116: Figure 27 Example Of Ip To Hunt Group Routing Table Settings For Dedicated Lines
Mary’s PSTN long distance Mary’s PSTN local Mary’s Private Network • To terminate the VoIP Gateway lines, there is no configuration required on the Digit Delivery Table. Additional Norstar configuration details can be found in the respective Norstar configuration documents.
Page 117: Example Configurations
“Configuring a simple Norstar network” on page 118 • “Setting up the VoIP Gateway to enable end to end DTMF tones” on page 125 • “Setting up the VoIP Gateway to use a RAD over VoIP trunks” on page 126 •...
Page 118: Configuring A Simple Norstar Network
Figure 28 shows a simple IP telephony network using three Norstar systems with VoIP Gateways. Each of the Norstar systems in this network also have connections to the PSTN. Figure 28 Simple Norstar and VoIP Gateway network Branch Office 1 Ottawa...
Page 119: Setting Up The Dialing Plan
Setting up the dialing plan The most important planning consideration for any Norstar VoIP Gateway network is the dialing plan. In this example, the Norstar systems on the network: • use a Universal Dialing Plan (UDP) scheme • have Toll bypass for Ottawa from the Head Office and for Calgary from Branch 2 •...
Page 120: Setting Up The Voip Gateway Dialing Plan - Hunt Groups
In this case, those calls are not routed. Figure 30 shows the Tel To IP Routing & IP Security settings for the Head Office VoIP Gateway. P0606298 02 Figure...
Page 121: Setting Up The Voip Gateway Dialing Plan - Caller Id Table
Setting up the VoIP Gateway dialing plan – Caller ID table On the Caller Display Info screen: Enter a text string to identify each channel of the VoIP Gateway. This text string is used for the Caller ID name display when dialing out of that VoIP Gateway.
Page 122: Setting Up The Voip Gateway Dialing Plan - Number Type
Enter the D and D9 as the prefix. Enter “D” to instruct the VoIP Gateway to wait for the Norstar supplied dial tone. Enter “D9”, to wait for dial tone and add the destination code for PSTN access for those calls coming in for toll bypass.
Page 123: Setting Up The Voip Gateway Dialing Plan - Destination Hunt Group Assignment
Figure 33 Digit Delivery Table screen for a simple Norstar network Setting up the VoIP Gateway dialing plan – destination Hunt Group assignment On the Hunt Group Routing Table for IP to FXS Calls screen: In the Prefix box, enter a *.
Page 124: Setting Up The Voip Gateway - Fast Start Parameters
In the Max Digits In Phone Number parameter, enter the longest expected dialing digit length. The VoIP Gateway waits for this number of digits or a timeout before setting up the call. You can also use # to close the dial sequence.
Page 125: Setting Up The Voip Gateway To Control The Call Progress Tone
The VoIP Gateway detects the DTMF tone, mutes the voice path and sends an H.245 message “User Input Indication” for the key that was pressed. The VoIP Gateway at the far end regenerates the DTMF and inserts it into the output voice stream.
Page 126: Setting Up The Voip Gateway To Use A Rad Over Voip Trunks
On the Channel Settings screen, set the Fax/Modem Bypass Coder Type parameter to G711. This is a proprietary means of switching to the G.711 codec when the VoIP Gateway detects modem tone. This method is not compatible with Business Communication Manager.
Page 127: Setting Up The Voip Gateway For T.38 Fax Relay
Calls from the PSTN come in on a dedicated Fax line. • Norstar is configured to: — Auto answer the Fax line — Route the Fax line call to an analog trunk used to connected to the VoIP Gateway (IP trunk) — Add digits to dial Fax machine •...
Page 128: Setting Up The Dialing Plan On The Voip Gateway
(Error Correction Mode) by setting the Fax Relay ECM Enable parameter to Disable. This parameter is on the Channels Settings screen. Setting up the dialing plan on the VoIP Gateway Set the fax channel to its own hunt group. Set up a route for the Fax phone number to its own IP address.
Page 129: Setting Up The Voip Gateway To Use A Radvision Gatekeeper
Setting up the VoIP Gateway to use a Radvision Gatekeeper Figure 37 shows an example of a network using Gatekeeper. Figure 37 VoIP Gateway with a Gatekeeper Branch Office 1 Ottawa VoIP Gateway VoIP Gateway C h a n n e l s...
Page 130: Configuring The Gatekeeper Registration Of The Dialing Plan
Configuring the Gatekeeper Registration of the dialing plan On the Registration Prefixes Table, enter the phone numbers and types of numbers that are supported on the VoIP Gateway. This information is used by the Gatekeeper to resolve address requests by other gateways.
Page 131: Considerations When Using A Meridian 1 Ipt
Obtain an IP address for Meridian 1 IPT if you are not using a Gatekeeper. Considerations when using a CSE1K Gatekeeper CSE1K Gatekeeper is setup for dialing plan manually. Register with the Gatekeeper using the H323-ID and include the H323-ID in your source numbering. Example configurations Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 132 Example configurations P0606298 02...
Page 133: Chapter 6 Changing The Voip Gateway Password
In the New Password box, enter the new password. The password can be a maximum of 7 characters. Note: The User Name and Password for the VoIP Gateway are case sensitive. In the Confirm Password box, enter the new password again.
Page 134 The username and password do not change until you reset the VoIP Gateway. To reset the VoIP Gateway: Click the Reset button. b Click the Restart button. A confirmation dialog box appears. Click the OK button. Note: If you have forgotten the web interface password, you can reset the password by...
Page 135: Chapter 7 Upgrading The Voip Gateway
Chapter 7 Upgrading the VoIP Gateway To upgrade the VoIP Gateway, use the Software Upgrade feature to load new software or configuration files onto the VoIP Gateway. The Software Upgrade feature is available through the web interface. Table 20 shows the type of file you can load using the Software Upgrade feature and describes what the file contains.
Page 136: Upgrading The Software On The Voip Gateway
Upgrading the software on the VoIP Gateway For each software load (.CMP file), there is a corresponding configuration file (.INI file). To save your current VoIP Gateway configuration, you must save the INI file before you replace the CMP file.
Page 137: Loading A Configuration File
When you back up VoIP Gateway, you make a copy the VoIP Gateway configuration and store it in a directory on your computer. If your VoIP Gateway must be replaced or loses its programming, you can restore this back up information to your VoIP Gateway.
Page 138: Restoring The Voip Gateway Configuration
If your VoIP Gateway has been replaced or has lost its programming information, you can restore the VoIP Gateway configuration from a previous back up. You must have a back up of the VoIP Gateway information stored on your computer to perform a restore.
Page 139: Chapter 8 Diagnostics And Troubleshooting
“VoIP Gateway Self-Testing” on page 140 • “RS-232 terminal” on page 141 • “SysLog Support” on page 142 • “Troubleshooting” on page 144 VoIP Gateway LEDs Table 21 Indicator LEDs on the VoIP Gateway front panel Type Color Green Device Ready Orange Status...
Page 140: Voip Gateway Self-Testing
Network Interface ports, as well as indicated by the LED Status Indicators. Detailed self-test mode Detailed self-test mode is run when initialization of the VoIP Gateway is completed and if the configuration parameter EnableDiagnostics is set to 1. In this mode, the VoIP Gateway tests all of the hardware components (memory, DSP, etc.), outputs the status of the test results, and ends the...
Page 141: Rs-232 Terminal
RS-232 terminal The VoIP Gateway status and error messages can be viewed on a terminal connected to the RS-232 port on the VoIP Gateway. Connecting a terminal to the VoIP Gateway With a standard RS-232 straight cable (not a cross-over cable) with DB-9 connectors, connect the VoIP Gateway RS-232 port to the communications port on your computer or terminal.
Page 142: Syslog Support
IP networks to event message collectors known as SysLog servers. You should use Syslogs only under the instruction of trained Nortel Networks service professional. Syslogs are intended to be used by Nortel Networks support personnel to assist in debugging problems.
Page 143: Sending The Syslog Messages
The SysLog client, embedded in the firmware of the VoIP Gateway, sends error reports/events generated by the VoIP Gateway application to a SysLog server, using IP/UDP protocol. A SysLog server is not provided with the VoIP Gateway. However, there are several provided as shareware that can be downloaded from the Internet.
Page 144: Troubleshooting
Check the validity of IP address, subnet and default gateway. If default gateway is not used, enter 0.0.0.0 Press the Restart button on the front of the VoIP Gateway to reset IP address to the factory default. Same as above.
Page 145 Verify that extension ini is in lowercase letters. Old ini file was probably loaded. Check which ini file was loaded. This can be done using HyperTerminal screen. The VoIP Gateway displays contents of ini file before it began. check ini file syntax...
Page 146: Possible H.323 Problems
Troubleshooting Possible H.323 Problems Possible H.323 problems are described in Table 23 Possible H.323 problems Problem Gateway did not register in Gatekeeper Gatekeeper rejected registration G.711 voice quality is bad (clicks) SETUP is sent before all digits were dialed No voice P0606298 02 Table Possible Cause...
Page 147: Numbering And Dial Plans
Appendix A Numbering and Dial Plans One of the most important planning considerations in using the Norstar VoIP Gateway is to determine the dial plan requirements of the overall enterprise voice network that is created. This appendix will help you to understand the concepts and create the dialing plan that is right for your system.
Page 148: Dialing Plans
This is equivalent to the local, subscriber number in the national numbering plan. Private numbers can also use the equivalent of a public area code. Nortel Networks ESN (Electronic Switched Network) is an example of this. ESN numbers, like area codes, generally refer to geographic locations or separate offices.
Page 149: Numbering Plans In H.323
Numbering Plans in H.323 The Norstar VoIP Gateway uses the H.323 protocol for its call control. To setup a dialing plan, you therefore need to understand a bit about how H.323 represents numbers. In H.323, numbers are classified by their Numbering Plan Indication (NPI) and their Type of Number (TON).
Page 150: Configuring Numbering Plans In The Norstar Voip Gateway
Configuring Numbering Plans in the Norstar VoIP Gateway The NPI/TON values in configuration of the Norstar VoIP Gateway. All endpoints in the VoIP network must coordinate their number classification schemes. For example, calls that are destined for the PSTN should be classified in the appropriate Public numbering plan.
Page 151: Figure 42 Example Of The Registration Prefixes Table
Configuring Numbering Plans in the Norstar VoIP Gateway Figure 42 Example of the Registration Prefixes Table The Destination Phone Number Manipulation table should be setup to assign an NPI/TON classification for every number that the gateway will be dialing. The dialed number digits can be expressed using a variety of rules such as wild cards and digit ranges in order to simplify this.
Page 152 Encoding Type and Destination Number Encoding Type. These latter two parameters allow you to use the H323-ID for source and destination encoding. When you are using the Nortel Networks CSE1000 gatekeeper, you do not need to use the Registration Prefixes table. The CSE1000 gatekeeper is manually configured for dialing plan and uses the H323-ID to identify the endpoints.
Page 153: Efficient Networking
To be consistent with the considerations, get the peak utilization of the trunk. Determine the available spare capacity. VoIP Gateway intranets are subject to capacity planning controls that ensure that capacity use remains below a determined utilization level.
Page 154: Network Engineering
Network engineering organizations the thresholds can be lower than those used in this example. In the event of link failures, spare capacity for rerouting traffic is required. Some WAN links can exist on top of layer 2 services, such as Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).
Page 155: Bandwidth Requirements On Half Duplex Links
IP Packet Ethernet B/W* Bytes Bytes kbit/s 22.9 sections, below, and to Table 28 on page 157 Appendix C, “Silence compression,” on page 167 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Network engineering PPP B/W FR B/W kbit/s kbit/s 16.5 18.4 for voice Gateway...
Page 156: Table 27 Bandwidth Requirements Per Gateway Port For Half-Duplex Links
Network engineering Table 27 Bandwidth Requirements per Gateway port for half-duplex links Ethernet B/W Codec Payload Type Size No SP peak (kbit/s) G.711 233.6 64 kb/s) 180.8 163.2 G.729 121.6 (8 kb/s) 68.8 51.2 G.723.1 48.0 (6.3 kb/s) G.723.1 45.8 (5.3 kb/s) Notes: 1) Ethernet bandwidth includes the 14 byte Ethernet frame overhead plus a 12 byte inter-frame gap.
Page 157: Bandwidth Requirements On Full Duplex Links
34.4 17.2 24.8 24.8 25.6 12.8 19.2 19.2 24.0 12.0 17.6 17.6 22.9 11.5 16.5 16.5 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Network engineering FR B/W No SP Silence Suppression peak peak (kbit/s) (kbit/s) (kbit/s) (kbit/s) 97.6 103.2 103.2 103.2 80.8 83.6...
Page 158: Lan Engineering Examples
Example 1: LAN engineering - voice calls Consider a site with four VoIP Gateway ports. Assume a preferred codec of G.729 and a payload of 20 ms. Silence compression is enabled. The Ethernet LAN is half-duplex. Ethernet LAN may also be full duplex.
Page 159: Wan Engineering
Low priority data applications can make use of bandwidth made available by silence suppression. Figure 45 Peak traffic, WAN link PPP B/W No SP peak (kbit/s) G.729 (8 kb/s) Silence Suppression peak (kbit/s) (kbit/s) 24.8 12.4 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Network engineering 157, the following...
Page 160: Additional Feature Configuration
Additional feature configuration Additional feature configuration This section contains additional information about configuring your network to run efficiently. • “Determining network loading caused by IP telephony traffic” on page 160 • “Implementing the network, LAN engineering” on page 163 Determining network loading caused by IP telephony traffic At this point, the installer or administrator has enough information to load the IP telephony traffic on the intranet.
Page 161: Figure 47 Network Loading Bandwidth
R1-R2 peak VoIP Load = 4(28 kbit/s) = 112kbit/s R4-R5 peak VoIP Load = 8(28kbit/s) = 224kbit/s With VoIP Gateway bandwidth requirements and expected to support the Santa Clara/Richardson, Santa Clara/Tokyo and the Ottawa/Tokyo traffic flows. The other IP telephony traffic flows do not route over R4-R5. A peak of eight calls can be made over R4-R5 for the four IP telephony ports per site.
Page 162: Enough Link Capacity
Additional feature configuration Enough link capacity The following table sorts the computations so that for each link, the available link capacity is compared against the additional IP telephony load. For example, on link R4-R5, there is capacity (568 kbit/s) to allow for the additional 96 kbit/s of IP telephony traffic. Table 29 Link capacity example Link Utilization (%)
Page 163: Implementing The Network, Lan Engineering
The average size of intranet packets carried over WAN links generally is between 250 and 500 bytes. Queueing delays can be important for links with bandwidth under 512 kbit/s, while with higher speed links they can allow higher utilization levels. Further network analysis Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 164: Reducing Link Delay
Further network analysis • Routing and hop count: Each site pair takes different routes over the intranet. The route taken determines the number and type of delay components that add to end-to-end delay. Sound routing in the network depends on correct network design. Reducing link delay In this and the next few sections, the guidelines examine different ways of reducing one-way delay and packet loss in the network.
Page 165: Reduce Packet Errors
Traceroute program allows the user to detect routing anomalies and to correct these problems. Possible high-delay differences causes are: • routing instability • wrong load splitting • frequent changes to the intranet • asymmetrical routing Further network analysis 164. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 166: Post-Installation Network Measurements
Post-installation network measurements Post-installation network measurements The network design process is continuous, even after implementation of the IP telephony and commissioning of voice services over the network. Network changes in regard to real IP telephony traffic, general intranet traffic patterns, network controls, network topology, user needs and networking technology can make a design invalid or non-compliant with QoS objectives.
Page 167: Silence Compression
“Comfort noise” on page 172 Silence compression reduces bandwidth requirements by as much as 50 per cent. This section explains how silence compression functions on a Norstar VoIP Gateway network. For information about enabling silence compression on the VoIP Gateway, refer to Settings”...
Page 168: Silence Compression On Half Duplex Links
Silence Compression on Half Duplex Links Silence Compression on Half Duplex Links The following figure shows the bandwidth requirement for one call on a half-duplex link without silence compression. Since the sender and receiver share the same channel, the peak bandwidth is double the full transmission rate.
Page 169: Figure 50 Two Calls On A Half Duplex Link With Silence Compression
Do you have a minute? Do you have a minute? Do you have a minute? Bandwidth shared by Bandwidth shared by half-duplex calls “half-duplex” calls. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Muy bien, y tu? Muy bien, y tu? Muy bien, y tu? Sure! Sure!
Page 170: Silence Compression On Full Duplex Links
Silence compression on Full Duplex Links Silence compression on Full Duplex Links On full duplex links, the transmit path and the receive path are separate channels, with bandwidths usually quoted in terms of individual channels. The following figure shows the peak bandwidth requirements for one call on a full-duplex link without silence compression.
Page 171: Figure 52 One Call On A Full Duplex Link With Silence Compression
Independent Tx and Rx bandwidth not shared by half-duplex calls. Bandwidth available for data apps. Independent Tx and Rx bandwidth not shared by “half- duplex” call. Bandwidth available for data apps. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Sure! Sure! Channel/Link max...
Page 172: Comfort Noise
Comfort noise When several calls are made over a full duplex link, all calls share the same transmit path and they share the same receive path. Since the calls are independent, the peak bandwidth must account for the possibility that all speakers at one end of the link may talk at the same time. Therefore, the peak bandwidth for n calls is n * the full transmission rate.
Page 173: Network Performance Utilities
Traceroute in the network. time exceeded message. This message identifies the first time exceeded time exceeded port unreachable Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide message. message until all hops are ICMP packet.
Page 174: Sniffer
Sniffer Sniffer Sniffer is a useful tool for diagnosing network functionality. It provides origin, destination, and header information of all packets on the data network. P0606298 02...
Page 175: Interoperability
“Radvision Gatekeeper” on page 181 • “Setting up Remote Routers for IP Telephony Prioritization” on page 184 Norstar VoIP Gateway adheres to the ITU-T H.323v4 standards. Such endpoints include the Nortel Networks Meridian 1-IPT and Business Communications Manager. The following table summarizes this information:...
Page 176: Media Parameters
This same classification must be used by VoIP Gateways when calling destination numbers served by the Business Communications Manager. Number classification is done using the Tel -> IP Destination Number Manipulation Table on the VoIP Gateway. Choices for Alias Names are as follows: Tel:<digits>...
Page 177: Remote Gateway
• If silence compression is used on the Business Communications Manager, it should also be used on the VoIP Gateway. Silence compression is set for the VoIP Gateway in “Advanced Configuration / Channel Settings / Silence Compression = Enable”. •...
Page 178: Meridian 1 Itg / Ipt
For proper ITG / IPT interoperability, the use the following configuration guidelines: • Set the ITG / IPT payload sizes to 30 ms. Although the VoIP Gateway is capable of a wider selection of packetization types, setting ITG / IPT payload to 30 msec will ensure compatibility in systems that include Business Communications Manager.
Page 179: Setting H.323 Endpoint Dialing Plan
Description Select the endpoint from the list for which to create a numbering plan entry Description Unique number that identifies this H323 endpoint TON/NPI identifier Integer value in the range of 1-255. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide CSE 1000 Gatekeeper...
Page 180: Committing Gatekeeper Configuration Changes
Optionally, the Tel to IP Routing table may be filled in for all network destinations and Protocol Management / Protocol Definition / Fallback to Internal Routing set to “yes”. With this setup, if the CSE 1000 Gatekeeper should fail or be unavailable, the VoIP Gateway will revert to its internal routing tables for call setup.
Page 181: Radvision Gatekeeper
Radvision Gatekeeper Norstar VoIP Gateway has been interoperability tested against Radvision ECS 3.2 gatekeeper. For general information on using the Radvision ECS 3.2 Gatekeeper, please refer to documentation provided with the application. General Settings Open the Radvision application. On the viaIP Administrator screen, select the Settings tab, then click on the Basics button.
Page 182: General Gateway Setup For Radvision Ecs Gatekeeper Interoperability
Radvision Gatekeeper General Gateway Setup for Radvision ECS Gatekeeper Interoperability To enable the VoIP Gateway to work with the Radvision ECS gatekeeper: • Protocol Management / Protocol Definition / Working with Gatekeeper = Yes • Protocol Management / Protocol Definition / Gatekeeper IP Address = IP address of the Radvision ECS Gatekeeper •...
Page 183 Optionally, the Tel to IP Routing table may be filled in for all network destinations and Protocol Management / Protocol Definition / Fallback to Internal Routing set to “yes”. With this setup, if the Radvision ECS gatekeeper should fail or be unavailable, the VoIP Gateway will revert to its internal routing tables for call setup.
Page 184: Setting Up Remote Routers For Ip Telephony Prioritization
This section includes information about setting up earlier version of BayStack routers and how to set up a range of UDP as a high priority. Note: The information in this section is not required for recent versions of the Nortel Networks routers, such as BayRS release 15, that support prioritization based on the DiffServ Code Point (DSCP).
Page 185: Sample Criteria, Ranges, And Actions For Udp Filtering
The range is 28000 to 28255. • The action path is: Action, IP, Add, High Queue. Note: This example shows how to give H.323 traffic priority over other protocols on the interface. Setting up Remote Routers for IP Telephony Prioritization Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 186 Setting up Remote Routers for IP Telephony Prioritization P0606298 02...
Page 187: Quality Of Service
So that the delay sample results match what the gateway experiences, both the Ping host and target must be on a functioning LAN segment on the intranet. Set the size of the Ping probe packets to 60 bytes to approximate the size of probe packets sent by IP telephony. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 188: Measuring End-To-End Packet Loss
C:\WINDOWS>tracert 10.10.10.15 Tracing route to 10.10.10.15 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 3 ms 1 ms <10 ms tftzraf1.ca.nortel.com [10.10.10.1] 2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 10.10.10.57 3 7 ms 2 ms 3 ms tcarrbf0.ca.nortel.com [10.10.10.2] 4 8 ms 7 ms 5 ms bcarha56.ca.nortel.com [10.10.10.15] Trace complete.
Page 189: Adjusting Ping Measurements
This state can be true when the flow is on a symmetric route caused by the asymmetric behavior of the data processing services. Measuring Intranet QoS host to host. The Transmission Rating QoS Ping Ping Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Ping...
Page 190: Late Packets
Measuring Intranet QoS Late packets Packets that arrive outside of the window allowed by the jitter buffer are discarded. To determine which samples to ignore, calculate the average one-way delay based on all the samples. Add Ping 300 ms to that amount. This amount is the maximum delay. All samples that exceed this one-way delay maximum are considered late and are removed from the sample.
Page 191: Decision: Does The Intranet Meet Ip Telephony Qos Needs
Another plan is to consider using QoS in the intranet. This provides a more cost-effective solution to engineering the intranet for non-homogenous traffic types. Implementing QoS in IP networks indicates to the installer or administrator the QoS level for Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 192: Traffic Mix
Implementing QoS in IP networks Traffic mix This section describes QoS works with the IP telephony, and what new intranet-wide results can occur. Before putting into operation QoS in the network, determine the traffic mix of the network. QoS depends on the process and ability to determine traffic (by class) so as to provide different services.
Page 193: Snmp Management
MIB variables and their usage. The VoIP Gateway contains an embedded SNMP Agent supporting both general network MIBs (such as the IP MIB), VoIP-specific MIBs (such as RTP, MGCP, etc.) and a proprietary MIB enabling a deeper probe into the inter-working of the gateway.
Page 194: Snmp Mib Objects
SNMP MIB Objects Each of the following message types fulfills a particular requirement of network managers: • Get Request: Specific values can be fetched via the "get" request to determine the performance and state of the device. Typically, many different values and parameters can be determined via SNMP without the overhead associated with logging into the device, or establishing a TCP connection with the device.
Page 195: Snmp Extensibility Feature
VoIP Gateway supported MIBs The VoIP Gateway contains an embedded SNMP Agent supporting the following MIBs: • The Standard MIB (MIB-II) - The various SNMP values in the standard MIB are defined in RFC 1213.
Page 196 VoIP Gateway supported MIBs P0606298 02...
Page 197: Working With H.450 Supplementary Services
• Call forward (H.450.3) To activate supplementary services on the VoIP Gateway you should enable Hold, Transfer and Forward services either from the web interface or the INI file. To use these features, all IP Telephony gateways participating, in the call, must support the H.450.1-4 standards.
Page 198: Call Transfer
The result of the transfer is a call between B and C (just like a supervision transfer only skipping the consulting stage). The VoIP Gateway can not initiate a blind transfer, but they can participate in such transfer as B and C parties.
Page 199 You can configure the served party from the web interface or the INI file to activate one of the call forward modes per gateway's endpoints, including the forwarded destination phone number and the "no answer" timeout for the "No reply" forward. Call Hold and Retrieve features Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 200 Call Hold and Retrieve features P0606298 02...
Page 201: Alternate (Redundant) Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper list. • The VoIP Gateway has an option to use the internal phone to IP routing table (Fallback mode), when all Alternative Gatekeepers are unresponsive. If this option is enabled, VoIP Gateway starts using its internal routing table, and works without the Gatekeeper.
Page 202 P0606298 02...
Page 203: Dtmf, Fax And Modem Transport Modes
RFC 2833 standard. • DTMF/MFTransportType= 7 (RelayDTMF/MF). This mode is similar to the previous RFC 2833 mode, with the exception that the received RFC 2833 digits will be muted and not played to the local gateway port. Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 204: Fax/Modem Settings
• Transparent (passing the signal in the current voice coder) Note: For interoperability with other Nortel Networks endpoints, use only T.38 fax relay. When any of the relay modes are enabled, distinction between fax and modem is not immediately possible at the beginning of a session. The channel is therefore in “Answer Tone” mode until a decision is made The packets sent to the network at this stage are fax relay packets (The packets can be either T.38-complaint, or FRF.11-based proprietary syntax, selected by setting the channel’s...
Page 205: Configuring Fax/Modem Bypass Mode
User, with the FaxModemBypassCoderType configuration parameter. Note: For interoperability with other Nortel Networks endpoints, use only T.38 fax relay. If fax relay is enabled for one of the modes, then the Answer Tone mode packets are relayed as fax relay packets.
Page 206: Supporting V.34 Faxes
Fax/Modem Settings Supporting V.34 Faxes V.34 fax machine support is available only in bypass mode (fax relay is not supported) when the channel is configured in one of the configurations described below: • FaxTransportMode = 2 (Bypass) • V34ModemTransportType = 2 (Modem bypass) •...
Page 207: Specifications
Appendix K Specifications This section describes the specifications of the Norstar VoIP Gateway. VoIP Gateway specifications Table 34 VoIP Gateway functional specifications VoIP Gateway Functionality Capabilities • • • • • • • • Voice & Tone Characteristics Voice Compression •...
Page 208 Table 34 VoIP Gateway functional specifications (Continued) Modem Transparency • Protocols Control Protocols • Communication Protocols • • • Line Signaling Protocols • Interfaces Telephony Interface • Network Interface • RS-232 Interface • Emergency Line • Rear panel connectors 4 analog lines •...
Page 209: Default Rtp/Rtcp/T.38 Ports
Table 36 Industry standard packet types Payload Type SNMP SysLog, per RFC 3164 Local RS-232 terminal Web Management For information about the systems and devices that the Norstar VoIP Gateway works with, refer to Appendix E, “Interoperability,” on page RTP Port RTCP Port 4000...
Page 210: Voip Gateway Specific Payload Types
VoIP Gateway specific payload types VoIP Gateway specific payload types Table 37 VoIP Gateway specific payload types Payload Type Description Transparent PCM DTMF relay Fax Relay Fax Bypass Modem Bypass RFC2198 (Redundancy) P0606298 02 Basic Packet Rate [msec] Different packet rates...
Page 211: Glossary
When configuring IP telephony, you need to ensure that the port settings are correctly configured to pass IP telephony packets through any network firewalls between the VoIP Gateway and the other IP telephony endpoint. full-duplex transmission Simultaneous two-way separate transmission in both directions.
Page 212 Center of a star topology network or cabling system. This is the internet telephony gateway protocol for the Meridian 1 to VoIP Gateway connections. VoIP trunks require compatible configuration at both endpoints. The VoIP Gateway must be set to recognize that the other end of the trunk is an M1-IPT system.
Page 213 This refers to how a voice data packet is set up in the VoIP Gateway so that external routers recognize it as having a high priority, thus shortening delay times and increasing the perception of voice quality over VoIP trunks.
Page 214 Method of reducing bandwidth by reducing the number of bits required to transmit voice. Voice over IP (VoIP) trunks VoIP trunks are virtual telephone lines that the VoIP Gateway uses instead of wired lines to transfer IP traffic to other compatible systems with VoIP trunks.
Page 215: Index
164 serialization 163 Descending Always 38 destination gateway 172 Destination Number Encoding Type 30 Destination Phone Prefix 66 DHCP enable 74 network prerequisites 25 Dial Tone Duration 34 Dialed Number 48 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide...
Page 216 Index Dialing, automatic 33 Diff Serv 75 Digit Delivery 49 DNS IP address 74 DTMF over H.245 30 DTMF Transport Type 78 DTMF Volume 78 DTMF, send over H.225/Q.931 38 Duplex Mode 75 Dynamic Jitter Buffer Minimum Delay 80 Dynamic Jitter Buffer Optimization Factor 80 E.164 30, 32 Echo Canceller 78 echo reply 173...
Page 217 Media Information, send in connect 35 Media, open on connect 36 MF Transport Type 78 monitoring the network 166 Multiplexing, Q.931 31 NAT IP Address 74 NAT, network prerequisites 25 Netmask, network prerequisites 24 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Index 217...
Page 218 Index network adjust jitter buffer 164 adjusting Ping measurements 189 analyzing QoS needs 191 assessment, prerequisites 25 devices, prerequisites 25 implementing 163 insufficient link capacity 162 late packets, sampling 190 link delay 164 loading 160 locations, prerequisites 24 planning modules 162 post-installation measurements 166 recording routes 188 reducing hop count 164...
Page 219 Time for No Reply Forward 71 tips 13 Traceroute 173, 188 traffic network loading 160 network mix 192 WAN link resources 153 Transfer, enable H.450 transfer 37 transmission characteristics 154 transmit path 156 Norstar VoIP Gateway Configuration Guide Index 219...
Page 220 155 Type of Number 48, 57 UDP port 173 UDP Port, base RTP 75 URL, for VoIP Gateway 27 usable link bandwidth, number of calls 155 User Name 28 V21 Modem Transport Type 79 V22 Modem Transport Type 79...

Nortel VoIP Gateway Configuration Manual

Preface

Chapter 1 About Norstar Voip Gateway

Chapter 2 IP Telephony Overview

Chapter 3 Configuring the Voip Gateway

Chapter 4 Configuring the Voip Gateway Using the INI File

Chapter 5 Configuring the Norstar System

Chapter 6 Changing the Voip Gateway Password

Chapter 7 Upgrading the Voip Gateway

Chapter 8 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting

Appendix A Numbering and Dial Plans

Appendix B Efficient Networking

Appendix C Silence Compression

Appendix D Network Performance Utilities

Appendix E Interoperability

Appendix F Quality of Service

Appendix G SNMP Management

Appendix H Working with H.450 Supplementary Services

Appendix I

Alternate (Redundant) Gatekeeper

Appendix J DTMF, Fax and Modem Transport Modes

Appendix K Specifications

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

Need help?

Questions and answers

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Summary of Contents for Nortel VoIP Gateway