EXFO FTB-5600 User Manual
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EXFO FTB-5600 User Manual

Distributed pmd analyzer for ftb-500
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User Guide
FTB-5600
Distributed PMD Analyzer for FTB-500

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  • Page 1 User Guide FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer for FTB-500...
  • Page 2 EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc. (EXFO). Information provided by EXFO is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by EXFO for its use nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Contents Contents Certification Information ......................v 1 Introducing the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer ........ 1 Basic Distributed PMD Analyzer Operation ................2 Frequently Used Terms ......................3 Conventions ..........................5 2 Safety Information ..................7 3 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 ............9 Inserting and Removing Test Modules ..................9...
  • Page 4 General Information ......................105 Liability ..........................106 Exclusions ...........................107 Certification ........................107 Service and Repairs ......................108 EXFO Service Centers Worldwide ..................109 A Technical Specifications ................111 B Distributed Cumulative PMD Measurement Theory .......113 C Acquisition Data ..................117 D Optimizing Measurements ...............121 Basic Verification Steps .......................121 Use a Larger Number of SOPs and Wavelengths ..............122...

  • Page 5: Certification Information

    F.C.C. Information Electronic test equipment is exempt from Part 15 compliance (FCC) in the United States. However, compliance verification tests are systematically performed on most EXFO equipment. Information Electronic test equipment is subject to the EMC Directive in the European Union.
  • Page 6 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Application of Council Directive(s): 2006/95/EC - The Low Voltage Directive 2004/108/EC - The EMC Directive And their amendments Manufacturer’s Name: EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc. Manufacturer’s Address: 400 Godin Avenue Quebec, Quebec Canada, G1M 2K2 (418) 683-0211 Equipment Type/Environment: Test &...

  • Page 7: Introducing The Ftb-5600 Distributed Pmd Analyzer

    Introducing the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer The FTB-5600 is composed of an OTDR, a tunable laser source and a polarization scrambler. It characterizes PMD along a link. Its key feature is to identify fiber sections with a strong PMD value, then enabling the correction of the link by replacing faulty sections.

  • Page 8: Basic Distributed Pmd Analyzer Operation

    Basic Distributed PMD Analyzer Operation Basic Distributed PMD Analyzer Operation MPORTANT In order to use the FTB-5600 to its most optimised level, you must have a solid knowledge on how OTDRs function. You can make acquisitions according to three different modes:...

  • Page 9: Frequently Used Terms

    Cumulative PMD The PMD value up to a distance in a fiber. Depolarization Light that is not polarized. In the case of the FTB-5600, we use this term to define zone on the fiber where the instrument cannot perform a measurement since light is entirely depolarised.
  • Page 10 Introducing the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer Frequently Used Terms Term Definition PMD scale Sets the best scale to measure a PMD of this value. PMD section The PMD value of a fiber section Pulse width Width of the OTDR pulse, in nanoseconds, used to measure the link.

  • Page 11: Conventions

    Introducing the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer Conventions Conventions Before using the product described in this manual, you should understand the following conventions: ARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Do not proceed unless you understand and meet the required conditions.

  • Page 13: Safety Information

    Safety Information ARNING Do not install or terminate fibers while a light source is active. Never look directly into a live fiber and ensure that your eyes are protected at all times. ARNING Use of controls, adjustments and procedures for operation and maintenance other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure or impair the protection provided by this unit.

  • Page 15: Getting Started With Your Ftb-5600

    Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Inserting and Removing Test Modules AUTION Never insert or remove a module while the FTB-500 is turned on. This will result in immediate and irreparable damage to both the module and unit. ARNING When the laser safety LED ( ) is flashing on the FTB-500, at least one of your modules is emitting an optical signal.
  • Page 16 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Inserting and Removing Test Modules 3. Take the module and place it so that the connector pins are at the back, as explained and shown below. Identification sticker must be facing up and connector pins at the right of the retaining screw hole.
  • Page 17 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Inserting and Removing Test Modules 7. While applying slight pressure to the module, turn the retaining screw clockwise until it is tightened. This will secure the module into its “seated” position. Turn retaining screw knob...
  • Page 18 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Inserting and Removing Test Modules To remove a module from the FTB-500: 1. Exit ToolBox and turn off your unit. 2. Position the FTB-500 so that the left panel is facing you. 3. Turn the retaining screw counterclockwise until it stops.
  • Page 19 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Inserting and Removing Test Modules 5. Hold the module by its sides or by the handle (NOT by the connector) and pull it out. Distributed PMD Analyzer...

  • Page 20: Starting The Distributed Pmd Analyzer Application

    Starting the Distributed PMD Analyzer Application Starting the Distributed PMD Analyzer Application Your FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer module can be configured and controlled from its dedicated ToolBox application. Note: For details about ToolBox, refer to the FTB-500 user guide. To start the application: 1.
  • Page 21 Getting Started with your FTB-5600 Starting the Distributed PMD Analyzer Application The main window (shown below) contains all the commands required to control the Distributed PMD Analyzer: Title bar Function buttons Data display and control center Status bar Distributed PMD Analyzer...

  • Page 22: Exiting The Application

    Exiting the Application Status Bar The status bar, located at the bottom of the main window, identifies the current operational status of the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer. Control mode Local: Module controlled locally only. Remote: Module controlled remotely, but local commands can also be used (some products only).

  • Page 23: Setting Up And Operating Your Distributed Pmd Analyzer

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer MPORTANT In order to use the FTB-5600 to its most optimised level, you must have a solid knowledge on how OTDRs function. This includes: Interpreting OTDR traces Understanding the effect of the pulse on a trace...

  • Page 24: Cleaning And Connecting Optical Fibers

    To ensure maximum power and to avoid erroneous readings: Always inspect fiber ends and make sure that they are clean as explained below before inserting them into the port. EXFO is not responsible for damage or errors caused by bad fiber cleaning or handling.
  • Page 25 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Cleaning and Connecting Optical Fibers 3. Carefully align the connector and port to prevent the fiber end from touching the outside of the port or rubbing against other surfaces. If your connector features a key, ensure that it is fully fitted into the port’s corresponding notch.

  • Page 26: Installing The Exfo Universal Interface (Eui)

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Installing the EXFO Universal Interface (EUI) Installing the EXFO Universal Interface (EUI) The EUI fixed baseplate is available for connectors with angled (APC) or non-angled (UPC) polishing. A green border around the baseplate indicates that it is for APC-type connectors.

  • Page 27: Setting Up General Acquisition Parameters

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up General Acquisition Parameters Setting up General Acquisition Parameters The general acquisition parameters influence how the acquisition occurs. You can select whether the unit beeps after each measurement or not. You can set the acquisition to be continuous, or requiring that you start each measurement manually.
  • Page 28 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up General Acquisition Parameters 2. Select the General tab. 3. Modify the parameters as desired under General setup. 4. Press Apply to use the new settings, or OK to use the new settings and close the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 29: Setting Up The Graph Display

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up the Graph Display Setting up the Graph Display The graph display parameters will help you improve how result graphs are displayed. You can display or hide the grid. You can use the high contrast view if the lighting quality prevents you from seeing the graph properly (glare from the sun, darkness).
  • Page 30 Setting up the Graph Display 2. Select the Display tab. 3. Modify the parameters as desired under Graph display setup. 4. Press Apply to use the new settings, or OK to use the new settings and close the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 31: Setting Up Storage Options

    Setting up Storage Options Setting up Storage Options The FTB-5600 will automatically save the acquisition files during the test. You can set where the unit saves the data, select which template is used for creating reports, and you can use an autonaming scheme to facilitate and speed up your work.
  • Page 32 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up Storage Options To set up the storage options: 1. From the main window, select Setup. 2. Select the General tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 33 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up Storage Options 3. Under Storage setup, enter the paths for the default save folder and the reporting template. You can also use the Browse button to open a standard navigation window. 4.
  • Page 34 If you had previously saved files that have the same name as those created by the autonaming feature, they will be replaced without any notification. 6. Press Apply to use the new settings, or OK to use the new settings and close the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 35: Displaying Pmd-Related Columns In The Main Window

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Displaying PMD-Related Columns in the Main Window Displaying PMD-Related Columns in the Main Window You can decide to hide or display the following columns in the main window: Cumulative PMD PMD coefficient Note: If you decide to hide or display those columns, the change will take effect immediately in the result tabs To display PMD-related columns in the main window:...
  • Page 36 2. Select the Display tab. 3. Under PMD sections display setup, select which column or columns you want to display. 4. Press Apply to use the new settings, or OK to use the new settings and close the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 37: Setting Up Cable Information

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up Cable Information Setting up Cable Information The cable information is useful to help you differentiate your various acquisitions. It will also appear in reports you generate for your acquisitions. To set the cable information: 1.
  • Page 38 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Setting up Cable Information 2. Select the Cable Information tab. 3. Enter the information as needed. 4. Press Apply to confirm the information, or OK to confirm the information and close the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 39: Performing An Acquisition

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition Performing an Acquisition MPORTANT When measuring PMD, it is very important that the launch fiber is not moved. You can perform the test according to three acquisition modes: Quick Check: This mode is used to obtain a fast overview of a link. All you have to do is set the distance range for the link.
  • Page 40 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition The FTB-5600 does a series of actions in taking a measurement. The instrument takes an OTDR trace and displays it. This step only takes a few seconds. At this point, you should inspect the trace to see if there are any problems.
  • Page 41 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition Performing a Quick Check Acquisition The main purpose of the quick check is to have an estimate of the cumulative PMD of the link to select the appropriate PMD scale. Using the Quick Check OTDR trace and cumulative PMD curve, you can verify the following: The injection level: it should be within the injection level accepted...
  • Page 42 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition To perform a Quick Check acquisition: 1. From the main window, under General, select the Quick Check acquisition mode. FTB-5600...
  • Page 43 The acquisitions are more optimized for characterizing the link correctly rather than for the acquisition time. The default PMD scale for this mode is 20 ps. EXFO recommends setting the accuracy to the standard level and the sensitivity to the medium level for an acquisition of about 30 minutes.
  • Page 44 1 hour with three resolutions. Note: You can obtain the dynamic range of the trace by subtracting the backscatter level at the fiber end from the injection level accepted range value. Difference between injection and OTDR trace level where the PMD curve ends FTB-5600...
  • Page 45 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition To perform a standard acquisition: 1. From the main window, under General, select the Standard acquisition mode. 2. Set the accuracy of the measurement by selecting a value in the list. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 46 4. Select the PMD resolution that can best fit the minimum measurable value for your PMD scale. Note: The PMD resolution will influence the acquisition time; the estimated value is next to each scale. 5. Press Start. The acquisition starts. You can see the remaining time in the status bar. FTB-5600...
  • Page 47 However, it will also increase the acquisition time accordingly. EXFO recommends a measurement of at least 100 SOPs in order to have a significant cumulative PMD curve. A value of 50 SOPs will return a crude measurement.
  • Page 48 PMD curve ends The PMD resolution is the minimum value to be measured. EXFO recommends setting this value to the lowest value of interest for your testing purposes. A smaller PMD resolution signifies a larger number of PMD steps and increases acquisition time.
  • Page 49 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition For rough measurements in links with high PMD, you should use a value between 0.4 and 1 ps. For low PMD measurements, use a value around 50 ps and at least 100 SOPs. For faster measurements of small PMD values, use a lower setting, such as 2 ps.
  • Page 50 Performing an Acquisition 2. Set the wavelength span for your test. The default range is 1520 nm to 1580 nm. EXFO does not recommend changing this range unless you want to perform a very specific test. 3. Set the distance range, in kilometers, from the list of available values, or you can enter your own manually.
  • Page 51 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition 4. Under Advanced, select the number of SOPS from the list of available values. You can also type in a value directly. 5. Select the number of averages for the measurement. You can also type in a value directly.
  • Page 52 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Performing an Acquisition 7. Select the pulse width, in ns 8. Select the sensitivity level. FTB-5600...

  • Page 53: Using The Bidirectional File Creator

    Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator 9. Select the appropriate PMD resolution from the list. A summary of the parameters is displayed on-screen. 10. Press Start. The acquisition starts. You can see the remaining time and number of SOPs in the status bar.
  • Page 54 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator To create a bidirectional file: 1. From Windows, select start, then All Programs > EXFO > Programs. From ToolBox, select the Applications tab, then P-OTDR Bidirectional File Creator.
  • Page 55 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator 3. Select the trace file you want to use for the B -> A side by using the corresponding Open button. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 56 4. If the two traces do not allow the automatic calculation of the length of the link (for example, they do not cover the same distance), or if you want to specify a length yourself, select the corresponding option, then enter the value you want. FTB-5600...
  • Page 57 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator 5. If you want to specify an estimation of the PMD on the link, select the corresponding option. 6. Click Generate to start the bidirectional file creation. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 58 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator The resulting traces appear on-screen once the application is done creating the file. FTB-5600...
  • Page 59 Setting up and Operating your Distributed PMD Analyzer Using the Bidirectional File Creator To save the created bidirectional trace: 1. Select Save as, then select a name and location for your file. 2. Select Save. Note: For information on using the zooming tools, see Using Zoom Controls on page 62.
  • Page 60 To open the created trace in the P-OTDR application to analyze it: Once the trace was created and saved, select Open in P-OTDR. Note: A bidirectional file is always identified as such in the title bar of the P-OTDR application window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 61: Managing Results

    You can perform result analyses directly in the FTB-5600, but you can also use the offline application that you can access through ToolBox. The offline application is identical to the online application, except that you cannot make acquisitions with it;...
  • Page 62 Managing Results To access the offline application: 1. From ToolBox, select the Applications tab. Note: Depending on which applications are installed on your platform, the Applications tab may look different. 2. Select P-OTDR. 3. Press Start Application. FTB-5600...

  • Page 63: Opening An Existing File

    Managing Results Opening an Existing File Opening an Existing File If you are working with the offline mode of the application, or want to open a file you have previously acquired, you can either open it and modify it as needed, or open it as a read-only file, to avoid any accidental modification.
  • Page 64 Managing Results Opening an Existing File 2. Select the file you want to open. If you want the file to open in read-only mode, select the corresponding option. 3. Press Open. FTB-5600...

  • Page 65: Saving A File

    Managing Results Saving a File Saving a File Files can be saved either using the autonaming scheme or using a personalized name. The autonaming scheme is only available if you have selected the option as explained in Setting up Storage Options on page 25 and if the file you are saving is a new acquisition (as opposed to an already existing file that you have opened).
  • Page 66 Managing Results Saving a File To save a file using the autonaming scheme: From the main window, press Save. FTB-5600...
  • Page 67 Managing Results Saving a File To save a file using a personalized name: 1. From the main window, press Save As. 2. Enter a name for the file, then press Save. Distributed PMD Analyzer...

  • Page 68: Using Zoom Controls

    You can zoom in or out on the center of the portion of the graph that is displayed by using, respectively, the or the button. The application automatically adjusts the zoom. To revert to the complete graph view: Press the button. FTB-5600...

  • Page 69: Section Event Table

    Managing Results Section Event Table Section Event Table After the acquisition is complete, you can see that a trace and a curve appeared on-screen. They are the OTDR trace, and the cumulative PMD curve. The latter is computed from a set of data that is called an SOP (state of polarization).
  • Page 70 Below, you can see an example of a fiber with two sections. The first section has a value of 5 ps and the second section, of 10 ps. This will result in a 11.2 ps of total cumulative PMD. FTB-5600...

  • Page 71: Section Status

    Managing Results Section Status The percentage value of the first section is : ⋅ 100% Contribution ----------------------- - The percentage value of the second section is : ⋅ 100% Contribution -------------------------- - In this example, removing the 10-ps section will make the cumulative PMD square of the link fall from 125 ps to 25 ps .
  • Page 72 PMD curve the number of PMD correctly for the correctly. averagings or increase section. the pulse size. For more information, see Use an Optimized Number of Averagings on page 127 and Use an Appropriate OTDR Pulse Length on page 128. FTB-5600...
  • Page 73 Managing Results Section Status Status In PMD column In Status column Suggestion High The first or last point in The concerned section The beating length, the Depolarization the section shows a shows a strong level of local variations that (HiDep) high intrinsic intrinsic that causes have to be measured,...
  • Page 74 This phenomenon can occur mainly when measuring aerial links when there are strong winds. Any section after an unstable section is unstable as well. To improve the situation, you can decrease significantly the number of averages. FTB-5600...

  • Page 75: Positioning Markers On The Display

    Managing Results Positioning Markers on the Display Positioning Markers on the Display Correctly positioning the cursors is a key element in having the appropriate results. The fundamental element is to set the first maker just before the beginning of the transition and the last marker just after the end of the transition.

  • Page 76: Editing Sections

    Editing Sections Editing Sections Once your acquisition is complete the FTB-5600 built its own PMD section table based on the OTDR automatic detection event algorithm. Since most OTDR events do not coincide with PMD events, you may find that the table contains events that are irrelevant to your test.
  • Page 77 Managing Results Editing Sections Trace after treatment Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 78 MPORTANT Splitting a fiber section cannot be undone, unless you reanalyze the trace, as explained in Viewing Trace Information on page 85. To split a fiber section: 1. From the main window, select the Section Edition tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 79 Managing Results Editing Sections 2. Select the section you want to edit by pressing on it once. 3. Press Split. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 80 Note: If you had comments in the segment you are splitting, they will remain with the left-hand segment. 5. Press on Apply to split the segment, or on Cancel to return to the Section Edition tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 81 Managing Results Editing Sections Merging Fiber Sections Merging fiber sections can be useful for removing irrelevant events. MPORTANT Merging fiber sections cannot be undone, unless you reanalyze the trace, as explained in Viewing Trace Information on page 85. To merge a fiber section to another: 1.
  • Page 82 The selected section is merged with the one above it, and you can see the results on-screen. Note: If there were comments in either section, they will be merged as well. 4. Press Apply to accept the merge, or Cancel to return to the Section Edition tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 83 Managing Results Editing Sections Editing Section Length Editing the section length can allow you to include part of another section to improve the section table measurements. MPORTANT Editing a fiber section length cannot be undone, unless you reanalyze the trace, as explained in Viewing Trace Information on page 85.
  • Page 84 4. Use the arrow buttons to move the right end of the segment to its new location. You can also click-drag the cursor to the desired position. The other surrounding segments are updated accordingly. 5. Press Apply to accept the new segment length, or Cancel to return to the Section Edition tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 85 Managing Results Editing Sections Adding Comments to Segments You can add comments to each fiber section to include important information, or details on the events that could be helpful in later analyses. To add comments to a segment: 1. From the main window, select the Section Edition tab. 2.
  • Page 86 Managing Results Editing Sections 3. Press Edit Comments. 4. Type in the comment you want to add, then press Apply to keep the comment, or Cancel to leave without adding a comment. FTB-5600...

  • Page 87: Using Markers To Measure Pmd Differences (Delta Pmd Tab)

    Managing Results Using Markers to Measure PMD Differences (Delta PMD Tab) Using Markers to Measure PMD Differences (Delta PMD Tab) The Delta PMD tab is used to measure sections along the cumulative PMD curve. The measurement is performed with two cursors; cursor A indicates the beginning of the measurement and cursor B indicates the end.
  • Page 88 Using Markers to Measure PMD Differences (Delta PMD Tab) To move the markers: 1. Select the Δ PMD tab. 2. Select which cursor to move. 3. Use the arrow buttons to move the cursor. You can also click-drag the cursor to the desired position. FTB-5600...

  • Page 89: Estimating Results

    Estimating Results Estimating Results You can manage the fiber sections as desired to obtain a better characterization. The FTB-5600 allows you to evaluate fiber section replacement scenarios in the link without actually replacing the section itself. This is done by modifying one or some strong PMD sections of the link to analyze.
  • Page 90 2. Select the row for which you want to change a value by pressing on it once. 3. Modify the PMD or PMD coefficient values, as desired. 4. Press Apply to se the changes to the link. To revert to the original values for the selected row, press Restore. FTB-5600...

  • Page 91: Viewing Trace Information

    Managing Results Viewing Trace Information Viewing Trace Information Once your acquisition is complete, you can view the details about it in the Trace Info. tab. This information can be useful for future reference, or to perform other tests. For example, if you have performed a quick check on a link, you can now use the distance value calculated by the OTDR to put in a standard or advanced acquisition for the distance range value.
  • Page 92 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information To view the trace information: From the main window, select the Trace Info. tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 93 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information If you are viewing the trace information for a bidirectional trace file you have created with the Bidirectional File Creator utility, the information you see is that of the A -> B trace. However, some of the information is displayed differently : The minimum wavelength is that of both measurements.
  • Page 94 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information To change the cable and job information: 1. From the main window, select the Trace Info. tab. 2. Press Settings. 3. Select the Information tab. FTB-5600...
  • Page 95 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information 4. Enter information as desired. If you have already entered some information in the Cable Information window as explained in Setting up Cable Information on page 31, it will already be in the corresponding boxes. 5.
  • Page 96 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information 3. Select the Analysis tab. 4. Press Reanalyze. 5. Press Close to return to the application. FTB-5600...
  • Page 97 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information To change the spatial smoothing filter: 1. From the main window, select the Trace Info. tab. 2. Press Settings. 3. Select the Analysis tab. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 98 Managing Results Viewing Trace Information 4. Change the filter value to the desired value in the list. 5. Press Apply to use this new value, then Close to exit the window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 99: Generating Reports

    Managing Results Generating Reports Generating Reports Once your trace is cleaned up and that your measurements are optimized, you can generate a report. This report can then be printed, or saved for future consultation. To generate a report: 1. From the main window, press Report. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 100 Press Save to store the file. A standard Save As window opens to let you select a name and location. Press Print to send the document to your printer. A standard Print window opens to let you select the printing options. Press Close to return to the main window. FTB-5600...

  • Page 101: Maintenance

    Maintenance To help ensure long, trouble-free operation: Always inspect fiber-optic connectors before using them and clean them if necessary. Keep the unit free of dust. Clean the unit casing and front panel with a cloth slightly dampened with water. Store unit at room temperature in a clean and dry area. Keep the unit out of direct sunlight.

  • Page 102: Cleaning Eui Connectors

    3. Slowly insert the cleaning tip into the EUI adapter until it comes out on the other side (a slow clockwise rotating movement may help). 4. Gently turn the cleaning tip one full turn, then continue to turn as you withdraw it. FTB-5600...
  • Page 103 6c. With a dry lint-free wiping cloth, gently wipe the same surfaces to ensure that the connector and ferrule are perfectly dry. 6d. Verify connector surface with a portable fiber-optic microscope(for example, EXFO’s FOMS) or fiber inspection probe(for example, EXFO’s FIP). ARNING Verifying the surface of the connector WHILE THE UNIT IS ACTIVE WILL result in permanent eye damage.

  • Page 104: Recalibrating The Unit

    You should determine the adequate calibration interval for your unit according to your accuracy requirements. Under normal use, EXFO recommends calibrating your unit every year. FTB-5600...

  • Page 105: Recycling And Disposal (Applies To European Union Only)

    This equipment was sold after August 13, 2005 (as identified by the black rectangle). Unless otherwise noted in a separate agreement between EXFO and a customer, distributor, or commercial partner, EXFO will cover costs related to the collection, treatment, recovery, and disposal of...

  • Page 107: Troubleshooting

    Should you have problems with your unit, you can try the following: Obtaining Online Help An online version of the FTB-5600 Distributed PMD Analyzer user guide is available at all times from the application. Note: You will also find a printable PDF version on your installation CD.

  • Page 108: Contacting The Technical Support Group

    Contacting the Technical Support Group To obtain after-sales service or technical support for this product, contact EXFO at one of the following numbers. The Technical Support Group is available to take your calls from Monday to Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.

  • Page 109: Transportation

    Troubleshooting Transportation You may also be requested to provide software and module version numbers. This information, as well as technical support contact information, can be found in the About function tab. Transportation Maintain a temperature range within specifications when transporting the unit.

  • Page 111: Warranty

    EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc. (EXFO) warrants this equipment against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of original shipment. EXFO also warrants that this equipment will meet applicable specifications under normal use. During the warranty period, EXFO will, at its discretion, repair, replace,...

  • Page 112: Liability

    Liability Liability EXFO shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of the product, nor shall be responsible for any failure in the performance of other items to which the product is connected or the operation of any system of which the product may be a part.

  • Page 113: Exclusions

    Warranty Exclusions Exclusions EXFO reserves the right to make changes in the design or construction of any of its products at any time without incurring obligation to make any changes whatsoever on units purchased. Accessories, including but not limited to fuses, pilot lamps, batteries and universal interfaces (EUI) used with EXFO products are not covered by this warranty.

  • Page 114: Service And Repairs

    5. Return the equipment, prepaid, to the address given to you by support personnel. Be sure to write the RMA number on the shipping slip. EXFO will refuse and return any package that does not bear number.

  • Page 115: Exfo Service Centers Worldwide

    Warranty EXFO Service Centers Worldwide EXFO Service Centers Worldwide If your product requires servicing, contact your nearest authorized service center. EXFO Headquarters Service Center 400 Godin Avenue 1 866 683-0155 (USA and Canada) Quebec (Quebec) G1M 2K2 Tel.: 1 418 683-5498...

  • Page 117: A Technical Specifications

    The following technical specifications can change without notice. The information presented in this section is provided as a reference only. To obtain this product’s most recent technical specifications, visit the EXFO Web site at www.exfo.com. SPECIFICATIONS Wavelength range (nm) 1520 to 1580...

  • Page 119: B Distributed Cumulative Pmd Measurement Theory

    Distributed Cumulative PMD Measurement Theory The FTB-5600 is a Distributed PMD Analyzer that uses a random-scrambling tunable-polarization-sensitive OTDR (RS-POTDR) to measure the cumulative PMD as a function of the distance along a single-mode optical fiber. In this way, bad high-PMD fiber sections can be identified and quantified.
  • Page 120 P ) and ), point by point as, ----------------------------------------- - In the FTB-5600, P-OTDR traces are acquired in pairs for two closely-spaced optical frequencies, ν ±¾δν, with the same I/O-SOP . The central frequency ν...
  • Page 121 σ In order to attain a maximum dynamic range and to minimize the coherence noise in the backscattered lights, the FTB-5600 generally uses long pulses (for example, 100 ns or 50 ns). However, depending upon the local birefringence at any given point zn, the backscattered light corresponding to this point may be partially depolarized, thereby “washing...
  • Page 122 PMD curve. Moreover, the use of a larger number of random and independent combinations of frequency and I/O-SOP, for example K = 200 to 500, permits a corresponding reduction in the measurement uncertainty. FTB-5600...

  • Page 123: C Acquisition Data

    Acquisition Data The purpose of the acquisition data is to build a PMD cumulative curve. This curve is build from OTDR traces taken at multiple frequencies or wavelengths, each being launched with a particular polarisation state. The cumulative PMD from 0 to z is deduced from the mean-square (ms) value of the K random transmission differences divided by a relative variance of the traces.
  • Page 124 Acquisition Data In the FTB-5600, P-OTDR traces are acquired in pairs for two closely-spaced optical frequencies, ν ±½δν with the same I/O-SOP . The central frequency ν of each pair is in general different than that of any other pair. Although the I/O-SOP corresponding to traces within each pair must be the same, they are generally different from one pair to another.
  • Page 125 Acquisition Data To measure the PMD, you need to take the frequency step according to the PMD value. The reason is that the frequency sampling step must be less than one half the period of DGD fluctuation to obtain the best measurement.
  • Page 126 Acquisition Data The FTB-5600 takes care of this issue: it automatically computes all of the sampling steps required between the span provided. Only the value at the end of the link (the PMD scale), and the minimum value desired (the residual PMD) need to be set.

  • Page 127: D Optimizing Measurements

    Optimizing Measurements Firstly the FTB-5600 measures the cumulative PMD as a function of distance. According to the square law of PMD statistics nature, a small PMD after a high PMD may be hardly distinguished if a measurement uncertainty is too high.

  • Page 128: Use A Larger Number Of Sops And Wavelengths

    Note: At least 100 or 200 SOPs should be used for obtaining a meaningful cumulative PMD curve as a function of distance, and more SOPs. For example, 500 to 1000, is recommended in order to make a better and clearer picture of cumulative PMD. FTB-5600...

  • Page 129: Perform Two-Sided Measurements

    Optimizing Measurements Perform Two-Sided Measurements Perform Two-Sided Measurements To make two-sided measurements bring two advantages: Nearly doubles a measurement range Improves the measurement accuracy. For example, in a case where a relative small PMD section is followed by a high PMD section, the PMD value of the small PMD section may be difficult to measure accurately, but it may be relatively easy to measure it precisely from another side of fiber under test if there is no very high PMD fiber(s) from there.

  • Page 130: Select An Optimized Pmd Scale For The Acquisition

    PMD correctly along this section of fiber correctly. FTB-5600...

  • Page 131: Use An Appropriate Residual Pmd For The Acquisition

    Optimizing Measurements Use an Appropriate Residual PMD for the Acquisition Use an Appropriate Residual PMD for the Acquisition A residual PMD is designed where a limited small PMD value cannot be measured properly. If you want to measure the PMD value on high PMD sections over a few ps and are not interested in low PMD values, for example <1 ps, then you should select a residual PMD that is just smaller than 1 ps.
  • Page 132 The figure below shows an example of a link having a low PMD measured with bad PMD scale and high PMD resolution. Resulting curve A better setting for this acquisition would have been a PMD scale of 6 ps and a residual PMD value of 133 fs. FTB-5600...

  • Page 133: Use An Optimized Number Of Averagings

    Optimizing Measurements Use an Optimized Number of Averagings Use an Optimized Number of Averagings The number of averagings is the light pulse averaging used to obtain each individual P-OTDR trace. If you want to have better measurable dynamics, you should select a higher number of averagings. Remember however that this will result in a longer acquisition time.

  • Page 134: Use An Appropriate Otdr Pulse Length

    On the other hand, if the FUT has a small depolarization, use a long pulse length, for example, 275 ns, for the acquisition may be helpful to increase the measurable range or reduce the acquisition time. Below you can see an example of a depolarization on a fiber: FTB-5600...

  • Page 135: Use An Appropriate Spatial Smoothing Filter Value

    Use an Appropriate Spatial Smoothing Filter Value The spatial filter for the FTB-5600 was designed to suit the filtering needs of the cumulative PMD curve. The filter preserves sharp transition, which often appears in cumulative PMD measurements; the sharp transition position will not be changed by the filter.
  • Page 136 In the case of the small step, the moving average and the median filtering show the same behavior, that is a ramp equal to the filter length to reach the top of the step. FTB-5600...
  • Page 137 Optimizing Measurements Use an Appropriate Spatial Smoothing Filter Value In the case of the large step, the median curve jump almost straight to the top of the step, whereas the moving average will show a different appearance. Distributed PMD Analyzer...
  • Page 138 100 m applied to it. The noise is quite visible and the PMD changes are sharp. Attempting to take measurements on this trace without a filter is not recommended, as there is too much noise. FTB-5600...
  • Page 139 Optimizing Measurements Use an Appropriate Spatial Smoothing Filter Value If a 2000-m filter is applied to the curve, you can see a noticeable improvement. The noise level is much lower, yet the PMD variations are still there. This is the best filter value for such a trace. Distributed PMD Analyzer...

  • Page 140: Use A Receive Fiber

    For example, if you use a spatial filter of 4000 m, you will need a 2000-m receive fiber. Note: The receive fiber should have a low PMD and long beating length to help you with your measurements. FTB-5600...

  • Page 141: Index

    2, 41 after-sales service ........102 anti-causal filter ........129 application equipment returns........108 contacting EXFO support from .... 103 exiting ........... 16 connector adapter ......... 20 starting, single-module......14 dust cap ..........20 average number .......... 41 EUI connectors, cleaning ......
  • Page 142 PMD........... 41, 124 sensitivity, measurement ....... 38, 42 online user guide ........101 serial number, module....... 103 optimized PMD scale......... 124 service and repairs ........108 optimizing measurements......121 service centers ........... 109 OTDR pulse........114, 128 shipping to EXFO........108 FTB-5600...
  • Page 143 Index smoothing filter ........129 software. see application SOPs, number........41, 122 spatial smoothing filter ......129 specifications, product ......111 standard acquisition........ 2, 37 status bar ............ 16 storage requirements ........95 symbols, safety..........5 technical specifications......111 technical support ......102, 103 temperature for storage......
  • Page 144 CHINESE REGULATION ON RESTRICTION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES NAMES AND CONTENTS OF THE TOXIC OR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OR ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN THIS EXFO PRODUCT Indicates that this toxic or hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit requirement in SJ/T11363-2006...
  • Page 145 MARKING REQUIREMENTS Product Environmental protection use period (years) Logo This Exfo product EXFO Battery If applicable.
  • Page 146 Gym Road EXFO SERVICE ASSURANCE 285 Mill Road Chelmsford MA, 01824 USA Tel.: 1 978 367-5600 · Fax: 1 978 367-5700 TOLL-FREE (USA and Canada) 1 800 663-3936 © 2009 EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada (2009-06)

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