tams elektronik Multi-Timer Manual page 22

English
Transistors
Transistors are current amplifiers which convert low signals into
stronger ones. There are several types in different package forms
available. The type designation is printed on the component.
Transistors for a high power rating (e.g. BD types, BT
types) have a flat package (TO-package), which is in use in
different versions and sizes.
The three pins of the field effect transistors (e.g. BS types,
FETs, MOSFETs) are called "source", "gate" and "drain"
(abbreviated with the letters S, G, D in the circuit
diagram).
Integrated circuits (ICs)
Depending on the type, ICs fulfil various tasks. The most
common housing form is the so-called "DIL"-housing, from
which 4, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18 or more "legs" (pins) are
arranged along the long sides.
ICs are sensitive to damage during soldering (heat,
electrostatic charging). For that reason in the place of the
ICs IC sockets are soldered in, in which the ICs are
inserted later.
Microcontrollers
Microcontrollers are ICs, which are individually programmed for the
particular application. The programmed controllers are only available
from the manufacturer of the circuit belonging to it.
Opto couplers
Opto couplers are ICs, which work similar to laser beam switches. They
combine in one housing a light emitting diode and a photo transistor. Their
task is the transmittion of information without galvanic connection. They are
in a DIL-housing with at least 4 pins.
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Multi-Timer