Fluke 291 User Manual
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Fluke 291 User Manual

Fluke 291 User Manual

100 ms/s arbitrary waveform generators
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291, 292, 294
100 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generators
Users Manual
March 2006
© 2006 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
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1.888.610.7664
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.com
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  • Page 1 ® 291, 292, 294 100 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generators Users Manual March 2006 © 2006 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 2 Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price.

  • Page 3: Safety

    If the instrument is clearly defective, has been subject to mechanical damage, excessive moisture or chemical corrosion the safety protection may be impaired and the apparatus should be withdrawn from use and returned for checking and repair. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 4 20 mm button cell type 2032. Do not mix with solid waste stream. Do not cut open, incinerate, expose to temperatures above 60 °C or attempt to recharge. Used batteries should be disposed of by a qualified recycler or hazardous materials handler. Contact your authorized Fluke Service Center for recycling information. Caution Do not wet the instrument when cleaning it and in particular use only a soft dry cloth to clean the LCD window.

  • Page 5: Emc Compliance

    Cautions To ensure continued compliance with the EMC directive the following precautions should be observed: connect the generator to other equipment using only high quality, double-screened cables. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 6 Always ensure all case screws are correctly refitted and tightened. In the event of part replacement becoming necessary, only use components of an identical type, see the Service Manual. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    System clock ..................... 1-8 Inputs ......................1-8 Trig In ....................... 1-8 Modulation In.................... 1-8 Sum In ....................... 1-9 Hold......................1-9 Ref Clock In/Out ..................1-9 Arb Clock In/Out..................1-9 Inter-Channel Operation ................1-9 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 8 Standard Waveform Operation ................5-2 Setting Generator Parameters ................5-2 Waveform Selection ..................5-2 Frequency ...................... 5-2 Amplitude ...................... 5-3 DC Offset ...................... 5-4 Warning and Error Messages................5-5 Synchronization Output ..................5-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 9 Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms..............9-5 Resize Waveform ..................9-5 Rename Waveform..................9-6 Waveform Info ..................9-6 Delete Waveform ..................9-6 Edit Waveform ..................9-7 Point Edit....................9-7 Line Edit....................9-7 Wave Insert ....................9-8 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 10 Card Sizes and Formats ..................14-2 Formatting......................14-3 Saving Files to a Memory Card ................. 14-3 Avoiding Long Filenames ................14-3 Storing and Recalling Set-Ups................14-3 Sorting Files....................... 14-5 viii MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 11 Amplitude and DC Offset ................. 17-12 Waveform Selection.................. 17-13 Arbitrary Waveform Create and Delete ............ 17-13 Arbitrary Waveform Editing ..............17-15 Waveform Sequence Control ..............17-17 Mode Commands ..................17-18 Input/Output Control................. 17-18 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 12 Inter-Channel Block Diagram ................F-2 G-1. Model 291 Front Panel................... G-1 G-2. Model 292 Front Panel................... G-2 G-3. Model 294 Front Panel................... G-2 G-4. Model 291 Rear Panel .................... G-2 G-5. Model 294 Rear Panel .................... G-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www.
  • Page 13 Arb Clock In/Out..................1-9 Inter-Channel Operation ................1-9 Inter-Channel Modulation:................ 1-9 Inter-Channel Analog Summing: .............. 1-10 Inter-Channel Synchronization: ..............1-10 Inter-Channel Triggering: ................. 1-10 Interfaces ....................... 1-11 General ......................1-11 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 14: Introduction

    Waveforms may be linked together to form a sequence of up to 1024 steps. Each waveform may have a user defined repeat count from 1 to 32,768. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 15 As well as operating in conventional RS232 mode the serial interface can also be used in addressable mode whereby up to 32 instruments can be linked to a single PC serial port. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 16: Specifications

    0.1 mHz to 500 kHz Resolution: 0.1 mHz (10 digits) Accuracy: 10 ppm for 1 year 2.5 mV to 10V p-p into 50 Ω Output level: Linearity error: <0.1 % to 30 kHz MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 17: Arbitrary Waveforms

    Selectable between 40 MHz elliptic, 20 MHz Bessel or none. Noise Digital noise generated by a 35-bit linear feedback register clocked at 100 MHz. User’s external filter defines bandwidth and response. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 18: Operating Modes

    The sweep may be free run or triggered from the following sources: manually from keyboard, externally from TRIG IN input or remote interface. Sweep can be held and restarted by the HOLD key. Sweep hold: MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 19: Tone Switching

    ±0.2 dB to 1 MHz; ±0.4 dB to 40 MHz DC offset range: ±10 V. DC offset plus signal peak limited to ±10 V from 50 Ω. DC offset accuracy: Typically 3 % ±10 mV, unattenuated. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 20: Sync Output

    DC to 100 kHz. Signal range: VCA: Approximately 1 V p-p for 100 % level change at maximum output; maximum input ±10 V. SCM: Approximately ±1 V peak for maximum output. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 21: Sum In

    (AM or SCM) with the signal at the MODULATION input socket. Carrier frequency: Entire range for selected waveform. Carrier waveforms: All standard and arbitrary waveforms. Modulation types: Double sideband with carrier. Double sideband suppressed carrier. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 22: Inter-Channel Analog Summing

    The signals from the REF IN/OUT socket and the SYNC OUT socket can be used to phase lock two instruments where more than four channels are required. Inter-Channel Triggering: Any channel can be triggered by the previous or next channel. 1-10 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 23: Interfaces

    Indoor use at altitudes up to 2000 m, Pollution Degree 2. Options: 19 inch rack mounting kit. Safety: Complies with EN61010−1, CSA 22.2 No. 61010-1-04 and UL 61010A-1 EMC: Complies with EN61326 1-11 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 24: Installation

    Chapter 2 Installation Title Page AC Supply Voltage.................... 2-2 Fuse ....................... 2-2 AC Supply Cable................... 2-2 Mounting......................2-2 Ventilation ......................2-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 25: Ac Supply Voltage

    A fan is fitted to the rear panel of each generator. Take care not to restrict the rear air inlet or the vents at the front (sides and underneath). In rack-mounted situations allow adequate space around the instrument and/or use a fan tray for forced cooling. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 26: Connections

    Rear Panel Connections ..................3-3 REF CLOCK IN/OUT................... 3-3 HOLD IN....................... 3-3 ARB CLOCK IN/OUT.................. 3-4 MAIN OUT ....................3-4 RS232 ......................3-4 GPIB (IEEE-488) ..................3-5 USB ....................... 3-5 MEMORY CARD ..................3-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 27: Front Panel Connections

    SYNC OUT logic levels are nominally 0 V and 5 V from typically 50 Ω. SYNC OUT will withstand a short circuit. Caution Do not apply an external voltage to this output. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 28: Trig In

    Do not apply external voltages exceeding + 5 V or –1 V to this signal connection. HOLD IN Controls the waveform hold function. The input impedance is nominally 10 kΩ. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 29: Arb Clock In/Out

    RS232 mode. Signal grounds are connected to instrument ground. The RS232 address is set from the remote menu on the UTILITY screen; see "System Operations from the Utility Menu". MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 30: Gpib (Ieee-488)

    The MEMORY CARD slot accepts a standard Compact Flash card with capacities from 32 MB to 1 GB. The MEMORY CARD ACTIVE lamp on the front panel is lit during memory card reads and writes. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 31: Initial Operation

    Initial Operation....................4-2 Switching On ....................4-2 Display Contrast .................... 4-2 Keyboard ....................... 4-2 Principles of Editing ..................4-3 Principles of Operation ..................4-5 Clock Synthesis Mode................... 4-5 DDS Mode..................... 4-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 32: Introduction

    WAVE SELECT keys call screens from which all standard or already defined arbitrary waveforms can be selected. • WAVE EDIT keys call screens from which arbitrary waveforms can be created and modified. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 33: Principles Of Editing

    The examples which follow assume factory default settings. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 34 (a flashing underline) through the numeric field and the rotary control will increment or decrement the value; the step size is determined by the position of the edit cursor within the numeric field. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 35: Principles Of Operation

    For example the maximum frequency of an eight-point waveform is 100e6÷8 or 12.5 MHz, but a 1000-point waveform has a maximum frequency of 100e6÷1000 or 100 kHz. shc0005f.emf Figure 4-2. Clock Synthesis Mode MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 36: Dds Mode

    Similarly at frequencies above the natural frequency the larger phase increment causes some addresses to be skipped, giving the effect of the stored waveform being sampled; different points will be sampled on successive cycles of the waveform. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 37: Standard Waveforms

    Standard Waveform Operation ................5-2 Setting Generator Parameters ................5-2 Waveform Selection ..................5-2 Frequency ...................... 5-2 Amplitude ...................... 5-3 DC Offset ...................... 5-4 Warning and Error Messages................5-5 Synchronization Output ..................5-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 38: Introduction

    With freq selected as shown above, the frequency can be entered directly from the keyboard in integer, floating point or exponential format. For example, 12·34 kHz can be MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 39: Amplitude

    Note that for DC, sin(x)/x, pulse train, arbitrary and sequence, the amplitude can only be displayed and entered in the Vpp form; further limitations on pulse-train, arbitrary and sequence amplitude are discussed in the appropriate sections. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 40: Dc Offset

    (actual +1.50 Vdc) load: hiZ If the amplitude is now reduced to, say, 250 mV p-p, this introduces the attenuator and the actual dc offset changes by the appropriate factor: MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 41: Warning And Error Messages

    1. Entering a frequency of 1 MHz for a triangle waveform. The error message: Frequency out of range for the selected waveform is shown. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 42: Synchronization Output

    Triggering is described in the Triggered Burst and Gate chapter and position marker in the Arbitrary Waveform Generation chapter. Pressing the SYNC OUT key calls the SYNC OUT set-up screen: MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 43 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 44: Sweep Operation

    Connections for Sweep Operation..............6-2 Setting sweep parameters................... 6-2 Sweep Range ....................6-3 Sweep Time ....................6-3 Sweep Type ....................6-4 Sweep Spacing....................6-5 Sweep Marker....................6-5 Sweep Hold ....................6-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 45: General

    The generator does not provide a ramp output for use with X-Y displays or recorders. Setting sweep parameters Pressing the SWEEP key (or the sweep set-up soft key on the MODE screen) displays the SWEEP SETUP screen: SWEEP SETUP: range… type… time… spacing… marker… MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 46: Sweep Range

    SWEEP TIME: 0.010 sec done The sweep time can be set from 1 ms to 999 s with 4 digit resolution by direct keyboard entry or by using the rotary control. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 47: Sweep Type

    (i.e. no waveform) and starts a new sweep at the first point of the waveform. For triggered sweeps a trigger signal may be provided by any of the possible trigger sources, i.e. internal, external, manual or remote. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 48: Sweep Spacing

    Sweep Hold The sweep can be held and restarted at any time at or from its current frequency by alternate presses of the MAN HOLD key or remote command. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 49: Triggered Burst And Gate

    Manual Initialization of Inter-Channel Triggering ........7-5 Gated mode ......................7-6 Gate Source ....................7-6 Gate Polarity....................7-6 Start Phase ..................... 7-6 Sync Out in Triggered Burst and Gated Modes..........7-7 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 50: General

    External trigger or gate signals are applied to the front panel TRIG IN socket which has a variable threshold level set using the level soft-key; the level can be set from -5·0 V MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 51: Adjacent Channel Trigger Output

    Triggered Burst Triggered burst mode is turned on with the triggered soft key on the MODE screen. The setup… soft key on this screen accesses the TRIGGER/GATE SETUP MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 52: Trigger Source

    The required count can be set by pressing the burst cnt soft key followed by direct entries from the keyboard or by using the rotary control. The maximum number of waveform cycles that can be counted is 1,048,575 (2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 53: Start Phase

    TRIGGER IN screen. Select the channel to start the sequence with the appropriate SETUP key, select the TRIGGER IN screen with the TRIG IN key and press the force soft key. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 54: Gated Mode

    Since the waveform cycle is always completed at the end of the gated period the start phase is also the stop phase. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 55: Sync Out In Triggered Burst And Gated Modes

    Alternatively, SYNC OUT can be set to burst done on the SYNC OUT set-up screen; in this case it provides a signal which is low while the waveform is running and high at all other times. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 56: Tone Mode

    Chapter 8 Tone Mode Title Page Introduction......................8-2 Tone Frequency ..................... 8-2 Tone Type...................... 8-2 Tone Switching Source.................. 8-3 DTMF Testing With Two Sources ..............8-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 57: Introduction

    The difference between triggered and gated tone changes is therefore that in triggered mode the signal changes phase-continuously from one frequency to the next at the waveform zero-crossing point immediately after the trigger signal whereas in gated mode MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 58: Tone Switching Source

    The outputs are summed together using the internal sum facility (see chapter 12, Sum). DTMF testing generally uses sine waves in the frequency range 600 Hz to 1.6 kHz. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 59 291, 292, 294 Users Manual It is also possible to set up DTMF testing using two single channel instruments triggered by a common external signal and summed using the external SUM capability. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 60: Arbitrary Waveform Generation

    Frequency and Amplitude Control with Arbitrary Waveforms ......9-13 Frequency ...................... 9-13 Amplitude ...................... 9-15 Sync Out Settings with Arbitrary Waveforms ........... 9-15 Waveform Hold in Arbitrary Mode ..............9-15 Output Filter Setting ..................9-16 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 61: Introduction

    1. Creating a new blank waveform, or a copy of an existing one, and giving it a size and a name 2. Modifying that waveform using the various editing capabilities to get exactly the waveform required. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 62: Selecting And Outputting Arbitrary Waveforms

    STANDARD WAVEFORMS screen, accessed by pressing the STD key, by pressing the arb soft key in the STANDARD WAVEFORMS list; this makes it easier to switch quickly between a true standard waveform (e.g. sine) and a particular arb. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 63: Creating New Waveforms

    MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 64: Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms

    Resize is implemented by pressing the resize soft key or aborted by pressing the cancel soft key; both return the display to the MODIFY screen. There is no "undo" facility for resize. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 65: Rename Waveform

    Confirm deletion by pressing the delete soft key which will return the display to the MODIFY screen with the next arb waveform automatically selected; cancel aborts the deletion. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 66: Edit Waveform

    The display shows a frm (from) and to address which will be the points between which a straight line will be created when the draw line soft key is pressed. The MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 67: Wave Insert

    The destination address for the start of the section is set by pressing the dest soft key and entering the address. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 68: Waveform Amplitude

    Pressing save & exit returns to the EDIT FUNCTIONS screen after the save has been implemented. To exit the AMPLITUDE edit without saving changes, press undo then save & exit. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 69: Waveform Offset

    Press exit to return to the EDIT FUNCTIONS screen. Position Markers Pressing the position markers… soft key calls the POSITION MARKER EDIT screen: 9-10 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 70: Arbitrary Waveform Sequence

    32,768 and the whole sequence can run continuously or be looped up to 1,048,575 times using the triggered burst mode. 9-11 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 71: Sequence Set-Up

    The trigger source can be any of the settings selected on the TRIGGER IN set-up screen (called by the TRIG IN key); these are described fully in 9-12 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 72: Frequency And Amplitude Control With Arbitrary Waveforms

    ARB FREQUENCY soft key. When external clock is selected the ARB FREQUENCY screen changes to: ARB FREQUENCY: ext source: ext arb clk 9-13 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 73 With external clock selected using the SEQ FREQUENCY soft key the sequence can be clocked using an external source connected to the rear panel ARB CLOCK IN/OUT socket. 9-14 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 74: Amplitude

    MAN HOLD a second time restarts the waveform from that level. If the ARB HOLD INPUT screen is currently selected the status field will change from no hold to manual hold while the waveform is paused. 9-15 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 75: Output Filter Setting

    The automatic choice for positive and negative ramps, arb and sequence. No filter: The automatic choice for square wave, pulses and pulse-trains. May be the better choice for arb waveforms with an essentially rectangular content. 9-16 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 76: Pulse And Pulse-Trains

    Chapter 10 Pulse and Pulse-trains Title Page Introduction......................10-2 Pulse Set-Up ...................... 10-2 Pulse-Train Set-Up .................... 10-4 Waveform Hold in Pulse and Pulse-Train Modes ..........10-8 10-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 77: Introduction

    ± (pulse period -1 point); positive values delay the pulse output with respect to waveform sync from SYNC OUT; negative values cause the pulse to be output before the 10-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 78 Because pulse waveforms are actually a particular form of arb and use clock synthesis mode, pulse mode can also be operated with an external clock connected to the rear panel 10-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 79 (number of pulses, overall pulse-train period and baseline voltage); subsequent screens define the pulse level, width and delay for each pulse in turn (three screens for pulse 1, then three screens for pulse 2, etc.). 10-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 80 The actual output levels are doubled when the output is not terminated. Pressing next on this screen calls the first of the three screens which define the first pulse in the train: Pulse 1 level +5·000 V done next 10-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 81 Once the pulse-train has been defined the period can be adjusted irrespective of the pulse width and delay settings for the individual pulses because, unlike a conventional pulse 10-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 82 ARB CLOCK IN/OUT socket or the internal system clock; see the Reference Clock IN/OUT and System Clock Setting sections of Chapter 15, System Operations from the Utility Menu for the use of and frequency setting for the system clock. 10-7 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 83: Waveform Hold In Pulse And Pulse-Train Modes

    If the ARB HOLD INPUT screen is currently selected the status field will change from no hold to ext hold while the waveform is paused. 10-8 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 84: Modulation

    Chapter 11 Modulation Title Page Introduction......................11-2 External VCA ....................11-2 External SCM ....................11-3 Internal Modulation ................... 11-3 11-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 85: Introduction

    10 dB attenuation stages. Peak modulation cannot exceed the maximum of the range within which the channel output has been set by choice of amplitude setting. Whereas with internal AM the generator 11-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 86: External Scm

    SCM. Internal Modulation Only the multi-channel instruments (models 292 and 294) can make use of internal modulation; the single-channel model 291 has no internal modulation capability. Pressing the MODULATION key calls the MODULATION set-up screen. MODULATION...
  • Page 87 Set by CHx mod and its status screen shows the message •x to indicate that it is being used as a source for channel x. Internal modulation cannot be used with internal or external sum. 11-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 88: Sum

    Chapter 12 Title Page Introduction......................12-2 External Sum...................... 12-2 Internal Sum....................... 12-3 12-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 89: Introduction

    Within each range an EXT SUM signal of approximately 2 V p-p will force the channel output from the range minimum to the range maximum; if the channel amplitude is set to 12-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 90: Internal Sum

    AMPLITUDE set-up screen; its status screen shows the message x to indicate that it is being used as a source for channel x. Internal sum cannot be used with internal modulation. 12-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 91: Synchronizing

    Synchronizing Principles................13-2 Master-Slave Allocation ................13-2 Phase-Setting Between Channels ..............13-4 Other Synchronizing Considerations............. 13-4 Synchronizing two generators................13-5 Connections for Synchronization ..............13-6 Generator Set-Ups ..................13-6 Synchronizing....................13-7 13-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 92: Introduction

    Master-Slave Allocation Press the front panel INTER CHannel key to call up the inter-channel set-up screen. mode: indep phase: +000.0º (actual: +000.0º status: off view 13-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 93 In addition to the illegal setting combinations there are further considerations which affect the phase resolution and accuracy between channels; see below. 13-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 94: Phase-Setting Between Channels

    500 kHz and 5 MHz. • Square waves, which are 2-point clock synthesized waveforms will not reliably synchronize to other clock synthesized waveforms. 13-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 95: Synchronizing Two Generators

    The most practical use of synchronization will be to provide outputs at the same frequency, or maybe harmonics, but with phase differences. 13-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 96: Connections For Synchronization

    The status of the slave generator on the inter-channel set-up screen must be set to on (this is automatic on the single channel instrument). 13-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 97: Synchronizing

    It is also possible to use an external arb clock when synchronizing two generators. The generators are set up as described for internal clock but all channels are set to external clock. The same external clock should be applied to both generators. 13-7 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 98: Memory Card

    Card Sizes and Formats ..................14-2 Formatting......................14-3 Saving Files to a Memory Card ................. 14-3 Avoiding Long Filenames ................14-3 Storing and Recalling Set-Ups................14-3 Sorting Files....................... 14-5 14-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 99: Introduction

    When a new or newly formatted card is inserted in the instrument for the first time it will be prepared for use by adding two directories to the root. These are \WAVES.ARB, 14-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 100: Formatting

    Complete set-ups can be stored to or recalled from the memory card using the screens called by the STORE and RECALL keys. On the single-channel instrument the store function is only available by means of the store… soft key on the UTILITY menu. 14-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 101 RS232/GPIB/USB interface settings. The selected set-up can also be deleted from the memory card using the delete soft-key. 14-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 102: Sorting Files

    MEMORY CARD screen: DIRECTORY SORT sort waveforms sort setups cancel Press the appropriate soft-key to sort the directory; pressing either sort, or cancel returns the display to the MEMORY CARD screen. 14-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 103: System Operations From The Utility Menu

    Remote Interface Set-Up..................15-2 SYS/REF Clock In/Out and System Clock Setting ........... 15-2 Power On Setting ....................15-3 System Information.................... 15-3 Calibration ......................15-4 Copying Channel Set-Ups ................. 15-4 15-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 104: Introduction

    This screen allows the system clock frequencies to be set and the ARB CLOCK IN/OUT socket to be set to input or output. There is no system clock on a single channel instrument. 15-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 105: Power On Setting

    15-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 106: Calibration

    SETUP keys. Pressing the to channel: soft-key steps the channel number through all the other channels of the instrument. Select the channel to be changed and make the copy by pressing the execute soft- key. 15-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 107: Calibration

    Equipment Required ..................16-2 Calibration Procedure ..................16-2 Setting the Password..................16-2 Password Access to Calibration ..............16-3 Changing the Password ................. 16-3 Calibration Routine.................... 16-3 Remote Calibration .................... 16-6 16-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 108: Introduction

    Setting the Password On opening the calibration screen press the password… soft-key to show the password screen: ENTER NEW PASSWORD ---- 16-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 109: Password Access To Calibration

    To calibrate the complete instrument choose the default setting of CH1. The subsequent displays, CAL 03 to CAL 115, permit all adjustable parameters to be calibrated. 16-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 110 CAL 53 CH2 Level 25 MHz Adjust for same reading CAL 54 CH2 Level 30 MHz Adjust for same reading CAL 55 CH2 Level 32·5 MHz Adjust for same reading 16-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 111 CAL 108 CH4 Level 20 MHz Adjust for same reading CAL 109 CH4 Level 25 MHz Adjust for same reading CAL 110 CH4 Level 30 MHz Adjust for same reading 16-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 112: Remote Calibration

    CALSTEP command must be issued for the new value to be accepted. CALSTEP Step to the next calibration point. For general information on remote operation and remote command formats, refer to the following chapter. 16-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 113: Remote Operation

    Waveform Sequence Control ..............17-17 Mode Commands ..................17-18 Input/Output Control................. 17-18 Modulation Commands................17-19 Synchronizing Commands ................ 17-19 Status Commands..................17-19 Miscellaneous Commands ................ 17-21 Remote Command Summary................17-22 17-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 114: Introduction

    17-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 115: Rs232 Interface

    There are no control/handshake lines. This makes XON/XOFF protocol essential and allows the interconnection between instruments to contain just 3 wires. The wiring of the adaptor cable is shown below: 17-3 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 116: Rs232 Character Set

    To enable addressable mode after an instrument has been powered on the Set Addressable Mode control code, 02H, must be sent. This will then enable all instruments connected to the addressable RS232 bus to respond to all interface control codes. To 17-4 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 117 The listener must send 11H (XON) before the talker will resume sending. This is the only form of handshake control supported by the addressable RS232 mode. 17-5 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 118: Full List Of Addressable Rs232 Interface Control Codes

    The USB interface allows the instrument to be controlled via a PC’s USB port. The instrument is supplied with a CD-ROM containing drivers for various versions of Windows, including Win98 and 2000. Any driver updates are available via the Fluke . The CD-ROM also contains a .pdf file with information and details of the software installation procedure.

  • Page 119: Gpib Subsets

    The instrument must also be configured so that the value of ist can be returned to the controller during a parallel poll operation. The instrument is configured by the controller sending a Parallel Poll Configure command (PPC) followed by a Parallel Poll Enable command (PPE). 17-7 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 120: Status Reporting

    Query Error Register as listed below. 1. Interrupted error 2. Deadlock error 3. Unterminated error Bit 1 Not used. Bit 0 Operation Complete. Set in response to the OPC command. 17-8 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 121: Status Byte Register And Service Request Enable Register

    Response Message Terminator has been sent. Bit 3 Not used. Bit 2 Not used. Bit 1 Not used. Bit 0 Not used. shc0013f.gif Figure 17-4. Status Model 17-9 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 122: Power-On Settings

    RS232 control codes. <WHITE SPACE> is ignored except in command identifiers (thus, for example, C LS is not equivalent to CLS. The high bit of all characters is ignored. 17-10 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 123: Gpib Remote Command Formats

    All commands are sequential and the operation complete message is generated immediately after execution in all cases. The following nomenclature is used: 17-11 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 124: Channel Selection

    Set the output load, which the generator is to assume for amplitude and dc offset entries, to <50> (50Ω), <600> (600Ω) or <OPEN>. Set the dc offset to <nrf> Volts. DCOFFS <nrf> 17-12 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 125: Waveform Selection

    CONTINUOUS mode before using commands from this section. Failure to observe this restriction may give unexpected results. Delete the arbitrary waveform <cpd> from ARBDELETE <cpd> backup memory. 17-13 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 126 If more data is sent the surplus is discarded. This command cannot be used over the RS232 interface since it contains a binary data block. 17-14 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 127: Arbitrary Waveform Editing

    If more data is sent the surplus is discarded. This command cannot be used over the RS232 interface since it contains a binary data block. 17-15 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 128 ARBEDLMTS command and insert from start address <nrf1> to the stop address <nrf2>. <cpd1> and <cpd2> must both be existing arbitrary waveforms but they cannot be the same waveform. 17-16 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 129: Waveform Sequence Control

    <nrf> to <COUNT>, <TRGEDGE> or <TRGLEV>. SEQCNT <nrf1>,<nrf2> Set count for sequence segment <nrf1> to <nrf2>. Set the status of sequence segment <nrf> to SEQSEG <nrf>,<cpd> <ON> or <OFF>. 17-17 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 130: Mode Commands

    Set the trig input to <INT>, <EXT>, <MAN>, TRIGIN <cpd> <PREV>, <NEXT>, <POS> or <NEG>. Set the trigger threshold level to <nrf> volts. TRIGLEV <nrf> Set the internal trigger generator period to TRIGPER <nrf> <nrf> sec. 17-18 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 131: Modulation Commands

    <nr1><rmt>. Returns the value in the Standard Event Status ESR? Register in <nr1> numeric format. The register is then cleared. The syntax of the response is <nr1><rmt>. 17-19 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 132 0<rmt>. Query and clear execution error number register. EER? The response format is nr1<rmt>. Query and clear query the error number register. QER? The response format is nr1<rmt>. 17-20 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 133: Miscellaneous Commands

    <nrf> Hz Set the source of the system clock to <INT> or SYSCLKSRC <cpd> <EXT>. Set beep mode to <ON>, <OFF>, <WARN>, or BEEPMODE <cpd> <ERROR>. BEEP Sound one beep. 17-21 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 134: Remote Command Summary

    Enable Register in <nr1> numeric format. Returns the value of the Status Byte Register in STB? <nr1> numeric format. This command is the same as pressing the MAN TRIG key. 17-22 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 135 Insert the arbitrary waveform <cpd2> into ARBINSARB <cpd1>,<cpd2>,< arbitrary waveform <cpd1>. nrf1>,<nrf2> Use that part of <cpd2> specified by the ARBLIMITS command and insert from start address <nrf1> to stop address <nrf2>. 17-23 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 136 Set the dc offset to <nrf> volts. DCOFFS <nrf> Query and clear execution error number EER? register. Set the output filter to <AUTO>, <ELIP>, FILTER <cpd> <BESS> or <NONE>. 17-24 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 137 PULTRNLEV <nrf1>,<nrf2> <nrf1> to <nrf2> volts. Makes the pulse−train and runs it − similar to PULTRNMAKE the WAVE PULSTRN command. Set the pulse−train period to <nrf> sec. PULTRNPER <nrf> 17-25 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 138 <nrf> Hz. Set the source of the system clock to <INT> SYSCLKSRC <cpd> or <EXT>. Delete tone frequency number <nrf> thus TONEEND <nrf> defining the end of the list. 17-26 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 139 <INT> or <EXT>. Set the output load, which the generator is to ZLOAD <cpd> assume for amplitude and dc offset entries, to <50> (50Ω), <600> (600Ω) or <OPEN>. 17-27 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 140: Maintenance

    Chapter 18 Maintenance Introduction......................18-2 Cleaning ......................18-2 18-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 141: Introduction

    To avoid the possibility of electric shock or damage to the instrument, never allow water to get inside the case. Caution To avoid possible damage to the instrument, never use a solvent to clean it. 18-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 142: Appendices

    Warning and Error Messages ................B-1 SYNC OUT Automatic Settings ................. C-1 Factory System Defaults ..................D-1 Waveform Manager Plus..................E-1 Block Diagrams....................F-1 Front and Rear Panel Drawings ................G-1 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 143: A Ac Supply Voltage

    Changing the Supply Voltage Setting If it is necessary to change the operating voltage, proceed as follows: Single channel instrument model 291 1. Disconnect the instrument from all voltage sources. 2. Remove the screws which retain the top cover and lift off the cover.
  • Page 144 Intentional interruption is prohibited. The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord without a protective conductor. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 145: B Warning And Error Messages

    42 Trigger source is fixed to external in SLAVE mode 59 Trigger slope is fixed to positive in SLAVE mode 81 The programmed mod depth cannot be set 83 Numeric value too large - switching to sample period MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 146 161 Illegal phase value 178 Sum ratio is not possible within level constraints 179 Sum and internal modulation cannot be active together 180 Modulation depth or SCM level is out of range MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 147 174 Illegal sequence segment number 175 Cannot insert arb into itself 176 Pattern value is illegal or pattern too long 177 Illegal remote calibration command. 185 Command not available while sweeping. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 148 CRITICAL STOP! Stack Overflow. firmware error CRITICAL STOP! Stack Underflow. firmware error CRITICAL STOP! Illegal instruction. firmware error CRITICAL STOP! Illegal NMI. firmware error CRITICAL STOP! Heap overflow. firmware error MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 149: C Sync Out Automatic Settings

    SYNC OUT screen. Waveform Position Burst Sequence Sweep Phase MODE WAVEFORM Sync Marker Done Sync Trigger Trigger Lock Standard Continuous Arbitrary Sequence Gate/Trig Sweep Tone Sequence Ext. Phase Lock Master All others MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 150: D Factory System Defaults

    10 kHz Output: +2·0 V p-p; output off DC offset: Zout: Gate/Trigger Parameters: Source: Internal Period: 1 ms Slope: Positive Burst count: Phase 0 deg Modulation Parameters: Source: Type: Sum: MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 151 Filter Auto Sync out Auto Sequence all segments set as follows: Status: Off except seg 1. Wfm: None selected Step on Count Count: Arbitrary All unaffected by reset or *RST. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 152: E Waveform Manager Plus

    It is also possible to use the Index and Find operations of the Windows help system to search for items which are not listed directly in the contents section. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 153 (folder) and all waveform files for that project will be stored in a structure below that directory. A project is identified by a user defined name. Each project maintains its own library of expressions. MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 154: Block Diagrams

    0 to 50 dB Mod/sum out from Ch(n-1) in 10 dB steps Main attenuator Main out Ch(n) 0 to 50 dB in 10 dB steps shc0008f.emf Figure F-1. Block Diagram: Single Channel MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 155 Ch2 mod/sum out Ch3 mod/sum out Trig out Ch 1 Trig out Ch 2 System Trig out Ch 3 Clock Trig out Ch 4 shc0009f.emf Figure F-2. Inter-Channel Block Diagram MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

  • Page 156: G Front And Rear Panel Drawings

    Appendix G Front and Rear Panel Drawings shc0014f.gif Figure G-1. Model 291 Front Panel MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 157 291, 292, 294 Users Manual shc0015f.gif Figure G-2. Model 292 Front Panel shc0016f.gif Figure G-3. Model 294 Front Panel shc0017f.gif Figure G-4. Model 291 Rear Panel MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 158 Appendices Front and Rear Panel Drawings shc0018f.gif Figure G-5. Model 294 Rear Panel MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 159 17-19 attenuator, 5-4 summary, 17-22 auxiliary sine out, 1-8 synchronizing, 17-19 waveform selection, 17-13 compact flash, 14-2 —B— connections Baud rate selection, 17-2 sweep, 6-2 beep, 5-6, 15-2 synchronization, 13-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 160 17-8 wave edit, 4-2 wave select, 4-2 —H— —M— hold, 10-8 arb waveforms, 9-15 main out, 3-2 manual, 10-8 rear panel, 3-4 hold in, 1-9, 3-3 maintenance, 18-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 161 9-16 settings output impedance, 1-7 automatic sync, C-1 outputs, 1-7 errors and warnings, 15-2 main, 3-2 power-on, 17-2, 17-10 sync, 3-2, 5-6 soft-keys, 4-3 specifications, 1-4 start phase, 7-5, 7-6 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...
  • Page 162 7-4 external, 7-2 force, 7-5 generator, 1-7, 7-2 in, 1-8 slope, 7-4 triggered burst mode, 1-6, 7-3 triggering inter-channel, 1-10 —U— USB connector, 3-5 USB interface, 17-6 —V— ventilation, 2-2 MyFlukeStore 1.888.610.7664 www. .com Shop for Fluke products online at:...

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