Page 1 ® 281, 282, 284 40 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generators Users Manual January 2005 © 2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
Page 2 Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price.
Page 3 Safety This generator is a Safety Class I instrument according to IEC classification and has been designed to meet the requirements of EN61010-1 (Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use). It is an Installation Category II instrument intended for operation from a normal single phase supply. This instrument has been tested in accordance with EN61010-1 and has been supplied in a safe condition.
Page 4 20 mm button cell type 2032. Do not mix with solid waste stream. Do not cut open, incinerate, expose to temperatures above 60 °C or attempt to recharge. Used batteries should be disposed of by a qualified recycler or hazardous materials handler. Contact your authorized Fluke Service Center for recycling information. Caution Do not wet the instrument when cleaning it and in particular use only a soft dry cloth to clean the LCD window.
Page 5: Emc Compliance
EMC Compliance This instrument meets the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC. Compliance was demonstrated by meeting the test limits of the following standards: Emissions EN61326 (1998) EMC product standard for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use. Test limits used were: Radiated: Class B Conducted:...
Page 6 after opening the case for any reason ensure that all signal and ground connections are remade correctly before replacing the cover. Always ensure all case screws are correctly refitted and tightened. In the event of part replacement becoming necessary, only use components of an identical type.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Chapter Title Page Introduction and Specifications............1-1 Introduction......................1-2 Overview ....................... 1-2 Features ......................1-2 Specifications..................... 1-4 Waveforms ....................1-4 Standard Waveforms................. 1-4 Sine, Cosine, Haversine, Havercosine ............1-4 Square......................1-4 Triangle ..................... 1-4 Ramps and Sin(x)/x................... 1-4 Pulse and Pulse Train ................
Page 8 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Inter-channel Triggering ................1-10 Interfaces ....................... 1-10 General ......................1-10 Installation ................... 2-1 Mains Operating Voltage................... 2-2 Fuse........................2-2 Mains Lead ......................2-2 Mounting......................2-2 Connections..................3-1 Introduction......................3-2 Front Panel Connections ..................3-2 MAIN OUT ....................3-2 SYNC OUT ....................
Page 9 Contents (continued) Sweep Range ....................6-3 Sweep Time ....................6-4 Sweep Type ....................6-4 Manual Sweep ....................6-5 Sweep Spacing....................6-6 Sweep Marker....................6-6 Sweep Hold ....................6-6 Triggered Burst and Gate ..............7-1 Introduction......................7-2 Internal Trigger Generator................7-2 External Trigger Input ...................
Page 10 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Wave Invert ....................9-12 Position Markers.................... 9-12 Arbitrary Waveform Sequence ................9-13 Sequence Set-up .................... 9-14 Frequency and Amplitude Control with Arbitrary Waveforms ......9-15 Frequency ...................... 9-15 Amplitude ...................... 9-16 Sync Out Settings with Arbitrary Waveforms ........... 9-16 Waveform Hold in Arbitrary Mode ..............
Page 11 Contents (continued) Calibration ......................14-5 Copying Channel Set-ups .................. 14-5 Calibration.................... 15-1 Introduction......................15-2 Equipment Required ..................15-2 Calibration Procedure ..................15-2 Setting the Password..................15-2 Password Access to Calibration ..............15-3 Changing the Password ................. 15-3 Calibration Routine.................... 15-3 Remote Calibration ....................
Page 12 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Cleaning ......................17-2 Appendices A Mains Operating Voltage ................A-1 B Warning and Error Messages ..............B-1 C SYNC OUT Automatic Settings ..............C-1 D Factory System Defaults ................D-1 E Waveform Manager Plus................E-1 Block Diagrams...................
Page 13 16-3. RS232 Daisy-Chain Connector Wiring..............16-4 16-4. Status Model......................16-9 1-1. Mains Transformer Connections - Model 281 ............1-2 1-2. Mains Transformer Connections - Models 282 and 284 ........1-2 6-1. Block Diagram: Single Channel................6-1 6-2. Inter-Channel Block Diagram ................6-2 7-1.
Page 14 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 15 Chapter 1 Introduction and Specifications Introduction......................1-2 Overview ....................... 1-2 Features ......................1-2 Specifications..................... 1-4 Waveforms ....................1-4 Standard Waveforms................. 1-4 Sine, Cosine, Haversine, Havercosine ............1-4 Square......................1-4 Triangle ..................... 1-4 Ramps and Sin(x)/x................... 1-4 Pulse and Pulse Train ................1-4 Arbitrary....................
Page 16: Overview
Users Manual Introduction Overview This manual describes the features and operation of the Fluke models 281, 282 and 284 single-, two- and four-channel arbitrary waveform generators. The physical differences between the two and four-channel generators are straightforward: the two-channel instrument has no set-up keys or output connections for channels three and four.
Page 17 Introduction and Specifications Introduction The supplied Windows™-based arbitrary waveform creation software gives access to more comprehensive features, allowing you to create waveforms from mathematical expressions, from combinations of other waveforms, freehand, or using a combination of all three techniques. Waveforms created in this way are downloaded via the RS232 or GPIB interface.
Page 18: Specifications
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Specifications Specifications apply at 18-28ºC after 30 minutes warm-up, at maximum output into 50 Ω Waveforms Standard Waveforms Sine, square, triangle, DC, positive ramp, negative ramp, sin(x)/x, pulse, pulse train, cosine, haversine and havercosine. Sine, Cosine, Haversine, Havercosine Range: 0·1 mHz to 16 MHz...
Page 19: Arbitrary
Introduction and Specifications Specifications Delay: range: -99·99 s to + 99·99 s resolution: 0·002 % of period or 25 ns, whichever is greater Width: range: 25 ns to 99·99 s resolution: 0·002 % of period or 25 ns, whichever is greater Note that the pulse width and absolute value of the delay may not exceed the pulse period at any time.
Page 20: Gated
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Gated Waveform runs while the gate signal is true and stops while false. Carrier waveforms: All standard and arbitrary. Maximum carrier The smaller of 1 MHz or the maximum for the selected frequency: waveform. 40 M samples/s for arb and Sequence.
Page 21: Trigger Generator
Introduction and Specifications Specifications Tone switching modes: gated: The tone is output while the trigger signal is true, and stopped at the end of the current waveform cycle, while the trigger signal is false. The next tone is output when the trigger signal is true again. triggered: The tone is output when the trigger signal goes true.
Page 22: Cursor/Marker Out
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Output signal level: TTL/CMOS logic levels from typically 50 Ω Cursor/Marker Out Adjustable output pulse for use as a marker in sweep mode or as a cursor in arbitrary waveform editing mode. Can be used to modulate the Z-axis of an oscilloscope or be displayed on a second oscilloscope channel.
Page 23: Inter-Channel Operation
Introduction and Specifications Specifications Inter-channel Operation Inter-channel Modulation The waveform from any channel may be used to amplitude modulate (AM) or suppressed carrier modulate (SCM) the next channel. Alternatively any number of channels may be modulated (AM or SCM) with the signal at the MODULATION input socket. Carrier frequency: Entire range for selected waveform.
Page 24: Inter-Channel Triggering
281, 282, 284 Users Manual The signals from the REF IN/OUT socket and the SYNC OUT socket can be used to phase lock two instruments where more than 4 channels are required. Inter-channel Triggering Any channel can be triggered by the previous or next channel.
Page 25: Installation
Chapter 2 Installation Mains Operating Voltage................... 2-2 Fuse........................2-2 Mains Lead ......................2-2 Mounting......................2-2...
Page 26: Mains Operating Voltage
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Mains Operating Voltage Check that the instrument operating voltage marked on the rear panel is correct for the local supply. If it is necessary to change the operating voltage, follow the procedure described in appendix A.
Page 27: Connections
Chapter 3 Connections Introduction......................3-2 Front Panel Connections ..................3-2 MAIN OUT ....................3-2 SYNC OUT ....................3-2 TRIG IN ......................3-3 SUM IN ......................3-3 MODULATION IN..................3-3 Rear Panel Connections ..................3-3 REF CLOCK IN/OUT................... 3-3 HOLD IN....................... 3-4 CURSOR/MARKER OUT................
Page 28: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction This chapter describes the front- and rear-panel connections and their functions. Front Panel Connections MAIN OUT (1 per channel) MAIN OUT is the 50 Ω output from the channel’s main generator. It provides up to 20 V p-p into an open circuit or 10 V p-p into a matched 50 Ω...
Page 29: Trig In
Connections Rear Panel Connections SYNC OUT logic levels are nominally 0 V and +5V from typically 50 Ω. SYNC OUT will withstand a short circuit. Caution To avoid risk of damage to the instrument, do not apply external voltages to this output. TRIG IN TRIG IN is the external input for trigger, gate, sweep and sequence operations.
Page 30: Hold In
281, 282, 284 Users Manual As an output the logic levels are nominally 1 V and 4 V from typically 50 Ω. REF CLOCK IN/OUT will withstand a short-circuit. As an input the threshold is TTL/CMOS compatible. Caution To avoid risk of damage to the instrument, do not apply external voltages exceeding ±10 V to this socket.
Page 31: Gpib (Ieee-488)
Connections Rear Panel Connections Pin 2, 3 and 5 may be used as a conventional RS232 interface with XON/XOFF handshaking. Pins 7, 8 and 9 are used when the instrument is operated in addressable RS232 mode. Signal grounds are connected to the instrument ground. The RS232 address is set from the remote menu on the UTILITY screen, as described in chapter 14, System Operations from the Utility Menu.
Page 32 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 33: Initial Operation
Chapter 4 Initial Operation Introduction......................4-2 Initial Operation....................4-2 Switching On ....................4-2 Display Contrast .................... 4-2 Keyboard ....................... 4-2 Principles of Editing ..................4-3 Principles of Operation ..................4-5 Clock Synthesis Mode................... 4-5 DDS Mode..................... 4-6...
Page 34: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction This section is a general introduction to the organization and principles of the instrument and is intended to be read before using the generator for the first time. Detailed operation is covered in later sections starting with chapter 5, Standard Waveform Operation.
Page 35: Principles Of Editing
Initial Operation Initial Operation • FREQuency, AMPLitude, OFFSET and MODE keys display screens which permit their respective parameters to be edited either from the numeric keypad or using the rotary control/cursor keys. • Numeric keys permit direct entry of a value for the parameter currently selected. Values are accepted in three formats: integer (20), floating point (20·0) and exponential (2 EXP 1).
Page 36 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Note On multi-channel instruments the channel to be edited must first be selected by pressing the appropriate SETUP key; the lamp lights beside the SETUP key of the channel currently enabled for editing. A diamond beside a screen item indicates that it is selectable; hollow diamonds ( ) identify deselected items and filled diamonds ( ) denote selected items.
Page 37: Principles Of Operation
Initial Operation Principles of Operation Thus for STANDARD FREQUENCY set to 1.000000 MHz rotating the control will change the frequency in 1 kHz steps. The display will auto-range up or down as the frequency is changed, provided that autoranging permits the increment size to be maintained;...
Page 38: Dds Mode
281, 282, 284 Users Manual shb0006f.emf Figure 4-2. Clock Synthesis Mode DDS Mode In DDS mode all waveforms are stored in RAM as 4096 points. The frequency of the output waveform is determined by the rate at which the RAM addresses are changed. The address changes are generated as follows: The RAM contains the amplitude values of all the individual points of one cycle (360 º)
Page 39: Standard Waveform Operation
Chapter 5 Standard Waveform Operation Introduction......................5-2 Standard Waveform Operation ................5-2 Setting Generator Parameters ................5-2 Waveform Selection ..................5-2 Frequency ...................... 5-2 Amplitude ...................... 5-3 DC Offset ...................... 5-4 Warning and Error Messages................5-5 SYNC Output..................... 5-6...
Page 40: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction This section deals with the use of the instrument as a standard function generator, i.e. generating sine, square, triangle, dc, ramp, haversine, cosine, havercosine and sin(x)/x waveforms. All but the square wave are generated by DDS which gives 7-digit frequency precision;...
Page 41: Amplitude
Standard Waveform Operation Setting Generator Parameters always show the entry in the most appropriate engineering units, in this case 12·34000 kHz. With period selected instead of freq the frequency can be set in terms of a period, for example 123·4µs can be entered as ·0001234 or 123·4 exp -6; again the display will always show the entry in the most appropriate engineering units.
Page 42: Dc Offset
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Alternate presses of the ± key will invert the signal at the MAIN OUT socket; if the DC OFFSET is non-zero the signal is inverted about the same offset. The exception to this occurs when the amplitude is specified in dBm. Since low level signals are specified in dBm (0 dBm = 1 mW into 50 Ω...
Page 43: Warning And Error Messages
Standard Waveform Operation Warning and Error Messages DC OFFSET: program +1.50 (actual +1.50 Vdc) load:hiZ If the amplitude is now reduced to, say, 250 mV pp, this introduces the attenuator and the actual dc offset changes by the appropriate factor: DC OFFSET: program +1.50 (actual +151 mVdc)
Page 44: Sync Output
281, 282, 284 Users Manual choose to change the output level or the offset to produce a signal which is not clipped. The word (clip?) will show in the display beside AMPLITUDE or DC OFFSET while the clipped condition exists.
Page 45 Standard Waveform Operation SYNC Output Produces a pulse coincident with the last cycle of the burst. burst done: Produces a pulse coincident with the end of a waveform sequence sync: sequence. Selects the current trigger signal (internal, external, trigger: adjacent channel or manual). Useful for synchronizing burst or gated signals.
Page 46 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 47: Sweep Operation
Chapter 6 Sweep Operation Introduction......................6-2 Principles of Sweep Operation ..............6-2 Connections for Sweep Operation..............6-2 Setting Sweep Parameters.................. 6-3 Sweep Range ....................6-3 Sweep Time ....................6-4 Sweep Type ....................6-4 Manual Sweep ....................6-5 Sweep Spacing....................6-6 Sweep Marker....................
Page 48: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Principles of Sweep Operation All standard and arbitrary waveforms can be swept with the exception of pulse, pulse- train and sequence. During sweep all waveforms are generated in DDS mode because this offers the significant advantage of phase-continuous sweeps over a very wide frequency range (up to 10 :1).
Page 49: Setting Sweep Parameters
Sweep Operation Setting Sweep Parameters Setting Sweep Parameters Pressing the SWEEP key (or the sweep setup… soft-key on the screen) MODE displays the SWEEP SETUP screen: SWEEP SETUP: range… type… time… spacing… manual… marker… Menus for setting up the range, time (sweep rate), type (continuous, triggered, etc.) spacing (linear or logarithmic) and marker position are all accessed from this screen using the appropriate soft-key.
Page 50: Sweep Time
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Sweep Time Pressing the time… soft-key calls the SWEEP TIME screen: SWEEP TIME: 0.05 sec (steps=100) done The sweep time can be set from 0·03 to 999 s with 3-digit resolution by direct keyboard entry or by using the rotary control. As explained above, sweeps lasting less than 1·03 seconds will contain less than the maximum 2048 steps because of the minimum 0·5 ms...
Page 51: Manual Sweep
Sweep Operation Setting Sweep Parameters This is useful because it forces the sweep always to start from the same point in the waveform. You should be aware that in this case the waveform discontinuity may be undesirable in some circumstances, for example in filter evaluation. With sync is set to off the frequency steps directly and phase continuity is maintained from the stop frequency to the start frequency.
Page 52: Sweep Spacing
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Sweep Spacing Pressing the spacing… soft-key on the SWEEP SETUP screen calls the SWEEP SPACING screen: SWEEP SPACING: logarithmic linear done With linear selected the sweep changes the frequency at a linear rate; with logarithmic selected the sweep spends an equal time in each frequency decade.
Page 53: Triggered Burst And Gate
Chapter 7 Triggered Burst and Gate Introduction......................7-2 Internal Trigger Generator................7-2 External Trigger Input ................... 7-3 Adjacent Channel Trigger Output ..............7-3 Triggered Burst ....................7-3 Trigger Source ....................7-4 Trigger Edge....................7-4 Burst Count....................7-4 Start Phase ..................... 7-5 Manual Initialization of Inter-channel Triggering.........
Page 54: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Triggered burst and gated modes are selected from the MODE screen, called by the MODE key, as alternatives to the default continuous mode. MODE: continuous gated setup… triggered setup… In triggered burst mode a defined number of cycles are generated following each trigger event.
Page 55: External Trigger Input
Triggered Burst and Gate Triggered Burst External Trigger Input External trigger or gate signals are applied to the front panel TRIG IN socket which has a TTL level (+1·5 V) threshold. In triggered burst mode the input is edge sensitive; the selected edge of each external trigger initiates the specified burst.
Page 56: Trigger Source
281, 282, 284 Users Manual screen on which the burst count and start phase are set. The other trigger parameters are set on the TRIGGER IN set-up screen called by pressing the TRIG IN key. TRIGGER IN: force source: internal slope: positive period: 2.00ms...
Page 57: Start Phase
Triggered Burst and Gate Triggered Burst The required count can be set by pressing the burst cnt soft-key followed by direct entries from the keyboard, or by using the rotary control. The maximum number of waveform cycles that can be counted is 1,048,575 (2 -1).
Page 58: Gated Mode
281, 282, 284 Users Manual channel’s TRIGGER IN screen. Select the channel to start the sequence with the appropriate SETUP key, select the TRIGGER IN screen with the TRIG IN key and press the force soft-key. Gated Mode Gated mode is turned on with the gated soft-key on the MODE screen. The setup…...
Page 59: Sync Out In Triggered Burst And Gated Mode
Triggered Burst and Gate Sync Out in Triggered Burst and Gated Mode The start phase, i.e. the point on the waveform cycle at which the gated waveform starts, can be selected by pressing the phase soft-key followed by direct entries from the keyboard or by using the rotary control.
Page 60 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 61: Tone Mode
Chapter 8 Tone Mode Introduction......................8-2 Tone Frequency ....................8-2 Tone Type ......................8-2 Tone Switching Source ..................8-3 DTMF Testing with a Multi-Channel Generator ..........8-4...
Page 62: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction In Tone mode the output is stepped through a user-defined list of up to 16 frequencies under the control of the signal set by the source soft-key on the TRIGGER IN set-up screen. This signal can be the internal trigger generator, an external trigger input, the front panel MAN TRIG key or a remote command.
Page 63: Tone Switching Source
Tone Mode Tone Switching Source Thus the difference between triggered and gated tone changes is that in triggered mode the signal changes phase continuously from one frequency to the next at the waveform zero-crossing point immediately after the trigger signal, whereas in gated mode there can be an off (no signal) period between successive frequencies while the gate signal is not true.
Page 64: Dtmf Testing With A Multi-Channel Generator
281, 282, 284 Users Manual DTMF Testing with a Multi-Channel Generator An important use of tone mode is DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) testing in which two channels are set up with equal length lists of different frequencies, triggered from a common signal. The outputs are summed together using the internal sum facility (see chapter 12, Sum).
Page 65: Arbitrary Waveform Generation
Chapter 9 Arbitrary Waveform Generation Introduction......................9-2 Arb Waveform Terms ..................9-2 Arb Waveform Creation and Modification – General Principles ...... 9-2 Selecting and Outputting Arbitrary Waveforms ..........9-3 Creating New Waveforms.................. 9-4 Create Blank Waveform ................9-4 Create Waveform Copy ................. 9-5 Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms...............
Page 66: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Arbitrary (arb) waveforms are generated by sequentially addressing the RAM containing the waveform data with the arbitrary clock. The frequency of the arb waveform is determined both by the arb clock and the total number of data points in the cycle.
Page 67: Selecting And Outputting Arbitrary Waveforms
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Selecting and Outputting Arbitrary Waveforms 2. Modifying that waveform using the various editing capabilities to get exactly the waveform required. These steps are fully described in the Creating New Waveforms and Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms sections which follow. Waveform creation using waveform design software also consists of two steps: 1.
Page 68: Creating New Waveforms
281, 282, 284 Users Manual ARBS: backup wv00 01024 wv01 03782 wv02 00500 The rotary control or cursor keys can be used to scroll the full list backwards and forwards through the display. With the appropriate channel selected using its SETUP key press the soft-key beside the required waveform to load it into that channel’s...
Page 69: Create Waveform Copy
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Creating New Waveforms create: "wv00 " size: 01024 cancel create The top line contains the user-defined waveform name which can be up to 8 characters long. The instrument allocates a default name of wv(n) starting at wv00; the name can be edited by selecting the appropriate character position with the cursor keys and then setting the character with the rotary control which scrolls through all alphanumeric characters in sequence.
Page 70: Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms Certain restrictions apply to waveform modification. They are summarized at the head of this chapter. Pressing the MODIFY front panel key, or the create soft-key on either of the CREATE NEW WAVEFORM menus calls the MODIFY screen:...
Page 71: Rename Waveform
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms Resize is implemented by pressing the resize soft-key. The cancel soft-key leaves the size unchanged. Both soft keys return the display to the MODIFY screen. Rename Waveform Pressing the rename… soft-key on the MODIFY screen calls the Rename screen: Rename: vwv01 "myWave01"...
Page 72: Delete Waveform
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Delete Waveform Pressing the delete… soft-key displays a request for confirmation that the selected waveform is to be deleted from the backup memory. Delete waveform "wv01 " cancel delete Confirm deletion by pressing the delete soft-key which will return the display to the MODIFY screen with the next arb waveform automatically selected;...
Page 73: Point Edit
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms waveform can be copied into itself (block copy) and position markers for use at SYNC OUT can also be defined. Pressing the exit soft-key on any of these edit screens will return the display to the EDIT FUNCTIONS menu.
Page 74: Block Copy
281, 282, 284 Users Manual wv01 wv02 00000 strt 00400 00512 stop 01000 exit insert Wave insert places waveforms between programmable start and stop points. Both standard and arbitrary waveforms can be inserted in the new waveform, with the exception of pulse, pulse-train and sequence.
Page 75: Waveform Amplitude
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Modifying Arbitrary Waveforms Block copy edit operates on the version of the waveform in the channel currently selected by the channel SETUP keys, and the effect of the edit can be seen by selecting the waveform to run on that channel. When your waveform is ready it can be saved by pressing the save soft-key;...
Page 76: Wave Invert
281, 282, 284 Users Manual The waveform offset can be changed on a section of the waveform defined by the start and stop addresses. Set the addresses by pressing the appropriate soft-key and making entries directly from the keyboard or by using the rotary control.
Page 77: Arbitrary Waveform Sequence
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Arbitrary Waveform Sequence Position markers can be set at any or all of the addresses of a waveform either individually, using the adrs (address) soft-key, or as a pattern, using the menu. patterns… A marker can be set directly at an address by pressing the adrs soft-key followed by a keyboard entry.
Page 78: Sequence Set-Up
281, 282, 284 Users Manual A previously defined sequence can be run and stopped from this screen using the run and stop soft-keys. The sequence can also be switched on from the STANDARD WAVEFORMS screen with the sequence soft-key. The segs= field shows the number of segments in the sequence; there is always at least 1 segment.
Page 79: Frequency And Amplitude Control With Arbitrary Waveforms
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Frequency and Amplitude Control with Arbitrary Waveforms screen with the exception of the MAN TRIG key (which when pressed can only produce an edge, not a level). Providing the step on: field is set to count for all segments the waveform sequence can also be run in gated and triggered burst modes in the same way as simple waveforms.
Page 80: Amplitude
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Frequency or period can now only be set in terms of the clock frequency. Frequency and period entries are made directly from the numeric keypad or by using the rotary control in the usual way.
Page 81: Output Filter Setting
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Output Filter Setting Pressing the front panel MAN HOLD key stops the waveform at the current level on all enabled channels; pressing MAN HOLD a second time restarts the waveform from that level. If the ARB HOLD INPUT screen is currently selected the status field will change from no hold to manual hold while the waveform is paused.
Page 82 281, 282, 284 Users Manual The four filter choices, which are either automatically selected or set manually with the type soft-key, are as follows: 10 MHz elliptic: The automatic choice up to 10 MHz for sine, cosine, haversine, havercosine, sin(x)/x and triangle. Would be the better choice for arb waveforms with an essentially sinusoidal content.
Page 83: Pulse And Pulse-Trains
Pulse and Pulse-trains Introduction Chapter 10 Pulse and Pulse-trains Introduction......................10-2 Pulse Set-up ....................... 10-2 Pulse-Train Set-up ..................... 10-4 Waveform Hold in Pulse and Pulse-Train Modes ..........10-6 10-1...
Page 84: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Pulse and pulse-trains are both selected and set-up from independent menus on the STANDARD WAVEFORMS screen called by pressing the STD key. Pulse and pulse- trains have similar timing set-ups and considerations but pulses are always unipolar, with a maximum amplitude of 10 V p-p, whereas pulse-trains can be bipolar, with a maximum amplitude of 20 V p-p.
Page 85 Pulse and Pulse-trains Pulse Set-up The means by which pulse period is set-up in the hardware requires an understanding because it affects the setting resolution of both pulse width and delay. Pulse is actually a particular form of arbitrary waveform made up of between 4 and 50,000 points; each point has a minimum time of 25.00 ns corresponding to the fastest clock frequency of 40 MHz.
Page 86: Pulse-Train Set-Up
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Pulse-Train Set-up Pulse-trains are turned on with the pulse-train soft key on the STANDARD WAVEFORMS screen; pressing the setup… soft-key beside pulse- train calls the first of the set-up screens: Enter no of pulses in train (1-10):...
Page 87 Pulse and Pulse-trains Pulse-Train Set-up The baseline is the signal level between the end of one pulse and the start of the next, i.e. it is the level at which all pulses start and finish. The baseline can be set between -5·0 V and +5·0 V by direct numeric keypad entries or by using the rotary control.
Page 88: Waveform Hold In Pulse And Pulse-Train Modes
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Pulse 1 delay program +0·000 ns (actual +0·000 ns) done next The pulse delay is entered in the same way as the pulse width and, again, the actual delay is shown below the program delay for the same reasons. The delay value that can be entered must be in the range ±...
Page 89 Pulse and Pulse-trains Waveform Hold in Pulse and Pulse-Train Modes ARB HOLD INPUT: status: no hold mode: disabled Each channel is selected in turn using the channel SETUP keys and set using the mode soft-key. The mode changes between disabled and enabled with alternate key presses.
Page 90 281, 282, 284 Users Manual 10-8...
Page 91: Modulation
Chapter 11 Modulation Introduction......................11-2 External Modulation ..................11-2 External VCA ....................11-2 External SCM ....................11-3 Internal Modulation ................... 11-3 11-1...
Page 92: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction You can use both internal and external modulation sources. External modulation can be applied to any or all channels. Internal modulation uses the previous channel as the modulation source; for example channel 2 can be used to modulate channel 3. Clearly, internal modulation is not available on channel 1 or on a single channel instrument.
Page 93: External Scm
The AMPLITUDE set-up screen shows the message fixed by SCM. Internal Modulation Only the multi-channel instruments (models 282 and 284) can make use of internal modulation; the single-channel model 281 has no internal modulation capability. Pressing the MODULATION key calls the MODULATION set-up screen.
Page 94 281, 282, 284 Users Manual The source soft-key steps the modulation choice between off, external and CHx where x is the number of the previous channel. With CHx selected the modulation can be switched between AM and SCM with alternate presses of the type soft-key.
Page 95: Sum
Chapter 12 Introduction......................12-2 External Sum...................... 12-2 Internal Sum....................... 12-3 12-1...
Page 96: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Both internal and external sum can be selected; summing can be used to add noise to a waveform, for example, or to add two signals for DTMF (dual tone multiple frequency) testing. External sum can be applied to any or all channels. Internal sum uses the previous channel as the source, so that for example channel 2 can be added into channel 3;...
Page 97: Internal Sum
External sum cannot be used with internal modulation. Internal Sum Only the multi-channel instruments (models 282 and 284) can make use of internal sum; the single-channel model 281 has no internal sum capability. Pressing the SUM key calls the SUM set-up screen:...
Page 98 281, 282, 284 Users Manual The amplitude of the channel being used for the internal sum signal can still be adjusted on its own AMPLITUDE set-up screen; its status screen shows the message x to indicate that it is being used as a source for channel x.
Page 99: Synchronization
Chapter 13 Synchronization Introduction......................13-2 Inter-Channel Synchronization ................13-2 Synchronizing Principles................13-2 Master-Slave Allocation ................13-2 Phase-setting between Channels..............13-3 Other Phase-Locking Considerations ............13-4 Synchronizing Two Generators ................. 13-5 Synchronizing Principles................13-5 Connections for Synchronization ..............13-5 Generator Set-ups ..................13-5 Synchronizing....................
Page 100: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Two or more channels in one multi-channel generator can be synchronized together and precise phase differences can be set between the channels. Two separate generators can also be synchronized, giving a maximum of 8 channels that can be operated synchronously.
Page 101: Phase-Setting Between Channels
Synchronization Inter-Channel Synchronization master can be set. (More than one master can be selected but when locking is turned on with the status soft-key the set-up will be rejected.) Master/freq selects the master and sets frequency-tracking; for this to be operational the master and slave(s) must be set to the same frequency when locking is turned on.
Page 102: Other Phase-Locking Considerations
281, 282, 284 Users Manual mode: indep phase: +000.0º (actual: +000.0º status: off view Selecting the phase soft-key allows the phase to be set by direct keyboard entry or by rotary control. Setting the phase of a slave positive advances the waveform of the slave with respect to the master;...
Page 103: Synchronizing Two Generators
Synchronization Synchronizing Two Generators 3. Pulse and pulse train waveforms will lock to other pulse and pulse-trains (and to each other) but should be built with equal periods. 4. Arb waveforms should be the same length (although this requirement is not forced and violations do not create error messages).
Page 104 281, 282, 284 Users Manual UTILITY screen. Refer to chapter 14, System Operations from the Utility Menu for additional information. CLOCK I/O SETUP input output phase lock slave Repeated presses of the phase lock soft-key toggle between master and slave.
Page 105: Synchronizing
Synchronization Synchronizing Two Generators Synchronizing Having made the connections and set up the generators as described in the preceding paragraphs, synchronization is achieved by pressing the MAN TRIG key of the slave. Once synchronized any change to the set-up will require resynchronization with the MAN TRIG key again.
Page 106 281, 282, 284 Users Manual 13-8...
Page 107: System Operations From The Utility Menu
Chapter 14 System Operations from the Utility Menu Introduction......................14-2 Storing and Recalling Set-ups................14-2 Channel Waveform Information ................ 14-2 Warnings and Error messages................14-3 Remote Interface Set-up ..................14-3 Reference Clock In/Out Setting ................. 14-3 Cursor/Marker Output..................14-3 Power On Setting ....................14-4 System Information....................
Page 108: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction Pressing the UTILITY key calls a list of menus which give access to various system operations including storing and recalling set-ups from non-volatile memory, error messages, power-on settings and calibration. Storing and Recalling Set-ups Complete waveform set-ups can be stored to or recalled from non-volatile RAM using the menus called by the store…...
Page 109: Warnings And Error Messages
System Operations from the Utility Menu Warnings and Error messages Warnings and Error messages The default set-up is for all warning and error messages to be displayed and for a beep to sound with each message. This set-up can be changed on the error… menu: error beep: ON error message: ON warn beep: ON...
Page 110: Power On Setting
281, 282, 284 Users Manual CURSOR/MARKER OUTPUT amplitude: polarity: negative cursor width: 1 The cursor/marker signal is output from the rear panel CURSOR/MARKER OUT socket. It is used as a marker in sweep mode or as a cursor in arbitrary waveform mode. It can be used to modulate the Z-axis of an oscilloscope or be displayed on a second oscilloscope channel.
Page 111: Calibration
System Operations from the Utility Menu Calibration Calibration Pressing the calibration soft key calls the calibration routine, described in chapter 15, Calibration. Copying Channel Set-ups An easy way of copying complete channel set-ups (waveform, frequency, amplitude, etc.) is accessed by pressing the COPY CHannel key: copy channel: 1 to channel: execute...
Page 112 281, 282, 284 Users Manual 14-6...
Page 113: Calibration
Chapter 15 Calibration Introduction......................15-2 Equipment Required ..................15-2 Calibration Procedure ..................15-2 Setting the Password..................15-2 Password Access to Calibration ..............15-3 Changing the Password ................. 15-3 Calibration Routine.................... 15-3 Remote Calibration .................... 15-5 15-1...
Page 114: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction All parameters can be calibrated without opening the instrument case; the generator offers ‘closed-box’ calibration. All adjustments are made digitally with calibration constants stored in EEPROM. The calibration routine requires only a digital voltmeter (DVM) and a frequency counter and takes no more than a few minutes.
Page 115: Password Access To Calibration
Calibration Calibration Routine Enter a 4-digit password from the keyboard; the display will show the message NEW PASSWORD STORED! for two seconds and then revert to the UTILITY menu. If any keys other than 0-9 are pressed while entering the password the message ILLEGAL PASSWORD! will be shown.
Page 116 281, 282, 284 Users Manual The full procedure is as follows: CH1 DC offset zero Adjust for 0 V ±5 mV CAL 03 CH1 DC offset at + full scale Adjust for +10 V ±10 mV CAL 04 CH1 DC offset at - full scale Check for -10 V ±3%...
Page 117: Remote Calibration
Calibration Remote Calibration CH4 Sum offset Adjust for 0 V ±5 mV CAL 52 CH4 SCM level at full-scale Adjust for 5 V ±5 mV CAL 53 CH4 AM level at full-scale Adjust for 10 V ±10 mV CAL 54 Clock calibrate Adjust for 10·00000 MHz at SYNC OUT.
Page 118 281, 282, 284 Users Manual For general information on remote operation and remote command formats, refer to chapter 16, Remote Operation. 15-6...
Page 119 Chapter 16 Remote Operation Introduction......................16-2 Address and Baud Rate Selection ..............16-2 Remote/Local Operation..................16-2 RS232 Interface ....................16-3 RS232 Interface Connector ................16-3 Single Instrument RS232 Connections............16-3 Addressable RS232 Connections..............16-3 RS232 Character Set..................16-4 Addressable RS232 Interface Control Codes ..........16-4 Full List of Addressable RS232 Interface Control Codes......
Page 120: Introduction
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction The instrument can be remotely controlled via its RS232 or GPIB interfaces. When using RS232 it can either be the only instrument connected to the controller or it can be part of an addressable RS232 system which permits up to 32 instruments to be addressed from one RS232 port.
Page 121: Rs232 Interface
Remote Operation RS232 Interface RS232 Interface RS232 Interface Connector The 9-way D-type serial interface connector is located on the instrument rear panel. The pin connections are as shown in chapter 3, Connections, table 3-1. Single Instrument RS232 Connections For single instrument remote control only pins 2, 3 and 5 are connected to the PC. However, for correct operation links must be made in the connector at the PC end between pins 1, 4 and 6 and between pins 7 and 8, as shown below.
Page 122: Rs232 Character Set
281, 282, 284 Users Manual The daisy chain consists of the transmit data (TXD), receive date (RXD) and signal ground lines only. There are no control/handshake lines. This makes XON/XOFF protocol essential and allows the inter-connection between instruments to contain just 3 wires.
Page 123 Remote Operation RS232 Interface blocks but all interface control codes are ignored. To return to addressable mode the instrument must be powered off. To enable addressable mode after an instrument has been powered on the Set Addressable Mode control code, 02H, must be sent. This will then enable all instruments connected to the addressable RS232 bus to respond to all interface control codes.
Page 124: Full List Of Addressable Rs232 Interface Control Codes
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Full List of Addressable RS232 Interface Control Codes Set Addressable Mode. Universal Unaddress control code. Lock Non-Addressable mode control code. Acknowledge that listen address received. Line Feed (LF); used as the universal command and response terminator.
Page 125: Gpib Parallel Poll
Remote Operation Status Reporting bit to be set in the Standard Event Status Register, a value of 2 to be placed in the Query Error Register and the response formatter to be reset thus clearing the output queue. The parser will then start parsing the next <PROGRAM MESSAGE UNIT> from the input queue.
Page 126: Status Byte Register And Service Request Enable Register
281, 282, 284 Users Manual The Standard Event Status Register is read and cleared by the * ESR? command. The Standard Event Status Enable register is set by the * ESE <nrf> command and read by the * ESE? command.
Page 127: Power On Settings
Remote Operation Power on Settings shb0012f.gif Figure 16-4. Status Model Power on Settings The following instrument status values are set at power on: Status Byte Register Service Request Enable Register † Standard Event Status Register = 128 (pon bit set) Standard Event Status Enable Register †...
Page 128: Remote Commands
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Remote Commands RS232 Remote Command Formats Serial input to the instrument is buffered in a 256 byte input queue which is filled, under interrupt, in a manner transparent to all other instrument operations. The instrument will send XOFF when approximately 200 characters are in the queue.
Page 129: Command List
Remote Operation Remote Commands The new line character (0AH) The new line character with the END message NL^END The END message with the last character of the message ^END Responses from the instrument to the controller are sent as <RESPONSE MESSAGES>. A <RESPONSE MESSAGE>...
Page 130: Frequency And Period
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Select channel <nrf> as the destination SETUPCH <nrf> for subsequent commands. The value of <nrf> ranges from 1 to the highest channel number in the instrument. Frequency and Period These commands set the frequency or period of the generator main output and are equivalent to pressing the FREQ key and editing that screen.
Page 131: Arbitrary Waveform Create And Delete
Remote Operation Remote Commands Set the width of pulse-train pulse number PULTRNWID <nrf1>,<nrf2> <nrf1> to <nrf2> sec. Set the delay of pulse-train pulse number PULTRNDLY <nrf1>,<nrf2> <nrf1> to <nrf2> sec. Make the pulse-train and run it - similar to PULTRNMAKE the WAVE PULSTRN command.
Page 132: Arbitrary Waveform Editing
281, 282, 284 Users Manual character and the data ends with <pmt>. If less data is sent than the number of points in the waveform the old data is retained from the point where the new data ends. If more data is sent the surplus is discarded.
Page 133 Remote Operation Remote Commands Load data to an existing arbitrary ARBDATACSV <cpd>, waveform. <csv ascii data> <cpd> must be the name of an existing arbitrary waveform. The data consists of ascii coded values, in the range --2048 to +2047, for each point. The values are separated by a comma character and the data ends with <pmt>.
Page 134 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Returns the data from an existing arbitrary ARBDATA? <cpd> waveform. <cpd> must be the name of an existing arbitrary waveform. The data consists of binary coded values as specified for the ARBDATA command. The data is sent from the arbitrary waveform between the points specified by the ARBEDLMTS command.
Page 135: Waveform Sequence Control
Remote Operation Remote Commands Adjust the amplitude of arbitrary waveform ARBAMPL <cpd>,<nrf1>, <cpd> in the address range <nrf1> to <nrf2>,<nrf3> <nrf2> by the factor <nfr3>. Move the data in arbitrary waveform ARBOFFSET <cpd>,<nrf1>, <cpd> in the address range <nrf1> to <nrf2>,<nrf3>...
Page 136: Input/Output Control
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Delete tone frequency number <nrf>, TONEEND <nrf> thus defining the end of the list. Set tone frequency number <nrf1> to TONEFREQ <nrf1>,<nrf2>, <nrf2> Hz. The third parameter sets the <nrf3> tone type; 1 will give trig, 2 will give FSK, any other value gives gate.
Page 137: Modulation Commands
Remote Operation Remote Commands Force a trigger to the selected channel. Will FORCETRG function with any trigger source except MANUAL specified. Modulation Commands Set the modulation source to <OFF>, MOD <cpd> <EXT> or <PREV>. Set the modulation type to <AM> or MODTYPE <cpd>...
Page 138 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Returns the value in the Standard Event Status * ESR? Register in <nr1> numeric format. The register is then cleared. The syntax of the response is <nr1><rmt>. Returns the instrument identification. The * IDN? exact response is determined by the instrument configuration and is of the form <NAME>,<model>,0,<version><rmt>...
Page 139: Miscellaneous Commands
Remote Operation Remote Commands Query and clear query the error number QER? register. The response format is nr1<rmt>. Miscellaneous Commands Returns the complete set-up of the instrument * LRN? as a hexadecimal character data block. To re- install the set-up the block should be returned to the instrument exactly as it is received.
Page 140: Remote Command Summary
281, 282, 284 Users Manual Remote Command Summary Table 16-1. Remote Command Summary Clear status. * CLS Set the Standard Event Status Enable * ESE <nrf> Register to the value of <nrf>. Returns the value in the Standard Event * ESE? Status Enable Register in <nr1>...
Page 141 Remote Operation Remote Command Summary Aborts a phase locking operation. ABORT Set the depth for amplitude modulation to AMDEPTH <nrf> <nrf> %. Set the amplitude to <nrf> in the units AMPL <nrf> as specified by the AMPUNIT command. Set the amplitude units to <VPP>, AMPUNIT <cpd>...
Page 142 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Insert the standard waveform <cpd2> ARBINSSTD <cpd1>,<cpd2>, into the arbitrary waveform <cpd1> <nrf1>,<nrf2> from start address <nrf1> to stop address <nrf2>. Invert arbitrary waveform <cpd> ARBINVERT <cpd>,<nrf1>, between start address <nrf1> and stop <nrf2> address <nrf2>.
Page 143 Remote Operation Remote Command Summary Set the channel lock mode to <INDEP>, LOCKMODE <cpd> <MASTER>, <FTRACK> or <SLAVE>. Set the channel lock status to <ON> or LOCKSTAT <cpd> <OFF>. Returns the instrument to local operation LOCAL and unlocks the keyboard. Will not function if LLO is in force.
Page 144 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Query and clear query error number QER? register. Set the ref. clock BNC connector to REFCLK <cpd> <IN>, <OUT>, <MASTER> or <SLAVE>. Set the level for SCM to <nrf> Volts. SCMLEVEL <nrf> Select channel <nrf>...
Page 145 Remote Operation Remote Command Summary Set the sync output <ON>, <OFF>, SYNCOUT <cpd> <AUTO>, <WFMSYNC>, <POSNMKR>, <BSTDONE>, <SEQSYNC>, <TRIGGER>, <SWPTRG> or <PHASLOC>. Delete tone frequency number <nrf> TONEEND <nrf> thus defining the end of the list. Set tone frequency number <nrf1> to TONEFREQ <nrf1>,<nrf2>, <nrf2>...
Page 146 281, 282, 284 Users Manual 16-28...
Page 147: Maintenance
Chapter 17 Maintenance Introduction......................17-2 Cleaning ......................17-2 17-1...
Page 148 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Introduction The manufacturers or their agents overseas will provide a repair service for any unit developing a fault. Where owners wish to undertake their own maintenance work, this should only be done by skilled personnel in conjunction with the service manual.
Page 149 Appendices Appendix Title Page Mains Operating Voltage ..................A-1 Warning and Error Messages ................B-1 SYNC OUT Automatic Settings ................. C-1 Factory System Defaults ..................D-1 Waveform Manager Plus..................E-1 Block Diagrams....................F-1 Front and Rear Panel Drawings ................G-1...
Page 150 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 151: Mains Operating Voltage
6. Change the fuse to one of the correct rating according to the table below: Table 1-1. Approved Fuse Types Single-channel Two- and Four-channel model 281 models 282/284 For 230 V operation 250 mA (T) 250 V HRC 1 A (T) 250 V HRC For 100 V or 115 V operation...
Page 152 100 V operation, connect the live (brown) wire to pin 13 Two- and Four-Channel Models 282 and 284 Figure 1-2. Mains Transformer Connections - Models 282 and 284 for 230 V operation, link pins 15 and 16 for 115 V operation, link pins 13 and 16, link pins 15 and 18...
Page 153: Warning And Error Messages
Appendix B Warning and Error Messages Warning and Error Messages Warning messages are given when a setting may not give the expected result, e.g. DC Offset attenuated by the output attenuator when a small amplitude is set; the setting is, however, implemented.
Page 154 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Numeric value too large - switching to sample period Error Messages 101 Frequency out of range for the selected waveform 102 Sample clock frequency required exceeds 40 MHz 103 Sample clock frequency required is less than 0.1 Hz...
Page 155 Appendices Warning and Error Messages 145 Selected mode is not available when phase lock master or slave 146 Cannot delete arbs while a sequence is running 147 Current set-up requires an arb wfm which does not exist 148 Trig/gate mode and seq step value cause a trigger conflict 149 Seq step value can't mix edge and level between segments 150 Number of pulses in train must be between 1 and 10 151 Pulse train base level must be >-5.0 V and <+5.0 V...
Page 156 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Remote Warnings 72 Length is different to that in the ARBDEF(CSV) command Remote Errors 120 Waveform limit value out of range 126 Illegal store number requested 162 Byte value outside the range 0 to 255...
Page 157: Sync Out Automatic Settings
Appendix C SYNC OUT Automatic Settings SYNC OUT Automatic Settings The following automatic source settings are made when (src) auto mode selected on the screen. SYNC OUTPUT SETUP Waveform Position Burst Sequence Sweep Phase MODE WAVEFORM Sync Marker Done Sync Trigger Trigger Lock...
Page 158 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 159: Factory System Defaults
Appendix D Factory System Defaults Factory System Defaults The factory system defaults are listed in full below. They can be recalled by pressing RECALL followed by or by the remote command *RST. All set defaults channels will be receive the same set-up. All channels default to the same settings. Main Parameters Std.
Page 160 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Spacing: Sweep Time: 50 ms Type: Continuous Sequence All segments set as follows: Status: Off except segment 1 Wfm: First arb Step ON Count Count: Arbitrary All unaffected by reset or *RST Other Filter Auto...
Page 161: Waveform Manager Plus
Appendix E Waveform Manager Plus Arbitrary Waveform Creation and Management Software The Waveform Manager Plus program allows construction, editing, exchange, translation and storage of many types of waveform data. It is compatible with many popular DSOs and waveform generation products. Waveforms may be generated by equation entry, freehand drawing, combining existing waveforms or any combinations of these methods.
Page 162 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Waveform Manager allows you to keep waveforms for different projects separate from each other on your hard drive. A project may be placed anywhere, in any directory (folder) and all waveform files for that project will be stored in a structure below that directory.
Page 163: Block Diagrams
Appendix F Block Diagrams Block Diagrams Internal trigger generator Waveform end Trigger out to Ch(n-1) TRIG IN front panel BNC Position marker Trig in TRIGGERING Sequence end Trigger out from Ch(n -1) and Ch(n+1) Burst done Trigger out from Ch(n+1) Manual / remote trigger Lock out, routed via SYNC OUT BNC, if this...
Page 164 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Internal lock in Manual/remote trigger Internal trigger gen TRIG IN BNC SUM IN BNC MODULATION IN BNC Master clock I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I...
Page 165: Front And Rear Panel Drawings
Appendix G Front and Rear Panel Drawings Front Panel: Single-Channel Model 281 shb0013f.gif Figure 7-1. Front Panel - Model 281...
Page 166 281, 282, 284 Users Manual Front Panel: 2-Channel Model 282 shb0014f.gif Figure 7-2. Front Panel - Model 282 Front Panel: 4-Channel Model 284 shb0015f.gif Figure 7-3. Front Panel - Model 284...
Page 167 Appendices Front and Rear Panel Drawings Rear Panel: Single-Channel Model 281 shb0018f.gif Figure 7-4. Rear Panel - Model 281 Rear Panel: 2- and 4-Channel Models 282 and 284 shb0019f.gif Figure 7-5. Rear Panel - Models 282 and 284...
Page 168 281, 282, 284 Users Manual...
Page 169 Index , G-1 front-panel , 7-3 rear-panel —A— DTMF, 1-7, 8-4, 12-2 adding waveforms, 12-2 address —E— remote, 16-2, 16-3 amplitude modulation, 11-2 editing arb, 9-2 arbitrary waveform, 9-2 arbitrary waveform, 9-2 principles of, 4-3 error messages, 14-3 —B— —F— burst count, 7-4 features, 1-2 filter...
Page 170 clock, 1-8, 3-3 gated, 7-6 ext sum, 12-2 listen, 16-5 hold, 1-8, 3-4, 10-7 tone, 8-2 modulation, 1-8, 3-3, 11-3 triggered burst, 7-3 ref clock, 14-3 modes, 1-5 sum, 1-8, 3-3 modulation, 1-9, 11-2 trig, 1-8, 3-3 internal, 11-3 trig in, 11-3 mounting, 2-2 inter-channel modulation, 1-9...
Page 171 Index (continued) INTER-CH, 13-2 —T— MANUAL SWEEP FREQ, 6-5 tone, 8-2 MODE, 7-2 tone switching, 1-6 MODULATION, 11-2 trigger POSITION MARKER, 9-12 edge, 7-4 POWER ON SETTING, 14-4 external, 7-3 PULSE, 10-2 phase, 7-6 PULSE TRAIN, 10-4 source, 7-4 REF CLOCK I/O, 13-6 sync out, 7-7 REMOTE, 16-2 triggering, 1-10...

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