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toe-in of the drive wheels first, and then adjust the
toe-in of driven wheels.
Wheelbase Difference
Wheelbase difference is defined as the angle
between the joint line of the centre of two rear
wheels and that of the front wheels. It is positive
when distance between the centre of the right
wheels is large than that of left wheels; and
negative otherwise. If the tread is available from the
vehicle
specifications,
difference can be also expressed by angle. See Fig.
1.7
+
Fig. 1.7
Tread Difference
Tread difference is defined as the angle between
the joint line of the ground-contact point of left
wheels and that of the right wheels. It is positive
when distance between the centre of the rear
wheels is large than that of front wheels; and
negative otherwise. If the wheelbases are available
from the vehicle specifications, then the tread
KWA-300 3D Wheel Aligner
Fig.1.6
then
the
wheelbase
difference can be also expressed by angle. See Fig.
1.8.
Left (right) lateral offset angle
The relative offset in lateral direction between front
axle and rear axle of vehicle is axle offset. When
rear wheel axle is offset to right from the front wheel,
the axle offset is positive, otherwise is negative. The
angle between the bisector of the tread difference
angle and the thrust line is axle offset angle.
Axle offset angle
The relative offset in lateral direction between front
and rear axle of vehicle is axle offset. When LR (RR)
wheel is offset outside from LF (RF) wheel, the left
(right) lateral offset is positive, otherwise is negative.
The angle between the connecting line from the
front wheel center point to the rear wheel center
point (same side) and the thrust line is left (right)
lateral offset.
Delay angle
The angle between the connecting line from the LF
(LR) wheel center point to the RF (RR) wheel center
point and the perpendicular of the longitudinal
geometry center line is called front (rear) delay
angle. When the right wheel on the front (rear) axle
is behind the left wheel, the front (rear) delay (angle)
is positive, otherwise is negative.
Included angle
The sum of the KPI (Kingpin inclination) and the
wheel camber is called included angle.
1-3
Introduction
+
Fig. 1.8
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